UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-09718
The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Pennsylvania | 25-1435979 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
One PNC Plaza, 249 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222-2707
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(412) 762-2000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ¨ No x
As of October 31, 2008, there were 348,141,589 shares of the registrants common stock ($5 par value) outstanding.
The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc.
Cross-Reference Index to Third Quarter 2008 Form 10-Q
Pages | ||
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
46-81 | |
46 | ||
47 | ||
48 | ||
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
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49 | ||
57 | ||
57 | ||
60 | ||
62 | ||
63 | ||
68 | ||
69 | ||
Note 9 Certain Employee Benefit And Stock-Based Compensation Plans |
69 | |
71 | ||
73 | ||
74 | ||
75 | ||
75 | ||
75 | ||
78 | ||
81 | ||
Statistical Information (Unaudited) |
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Average Consolidated Balance Sheet And Net Interest Analysis |
82-83 | |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
1-45 | |
Financial Review |
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1-2 | ||
3 | ||
7 | ||
11 | ||
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements And Variable Interest Entities |
15 | |
18 | ||
22 | ||
30 | ||
30 | ||
31 | ||
41 | ||
41 | ||
43 | ||
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
31-40 | |
Item 4. Controls and Procedures |
41 | |
PART II OTHER INFORMATION |
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84 | ||
84 | ||
Item 2. Unregistered Sales Of Equity Securities And Use Of Proceeds |
85 | |
85 | ||
85 | ||
85 | ||
86 |
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Dollars in millions, except per share data | Three months ended September 30 |
Nine months ended September 30 |
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Unaudited | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (a) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,000 | $ | 761 | $ | 2,831 | $ | 2,122 | ||||||||
Noninterest income |
654 | 990 | 2,683 | 2,956 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 1,654 | $ | 1,751 | $ | 5,514 | $ | 5,078 | ||||||||
Noninterest expense |
$ | 1,142 | $ | 1,099 | $ | 3,299 | $ | 3,083 | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 248 | $ | 407 | $ | 1,130 | $ | 1,289 | ||||||||
Per common share |
||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings |
$ | .71 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 3.24 | $ | 3.85 | ||||||||
Cash dividends declared |
$ | .66 | $ | .63 | $ | 1.95 | $ | 1.81 | ||||||||
SELECTED RATIOS |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (b) |
3.46 | % | 3.00 | % | 3.34 | % | 3.00 | % | ||||||||
Noninterest income to total revenue |
40 | 57 | 49 | 58 | ||||||||||||
Efficiency (c) |
69 | 63 | 60 | 61 | ||||||||||||
Return on |
||||||||||||||||
Average common shareholders equity |
7.13 | % | 11.25 | % | 10.63 | % | 12.62 | % | ||||||||
Average assets |
.69 | 1.27 | 1.07 | 1.44 |
See page 41 for a glossary of certain terms used in this Report.
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation.
(a) | The Executive Summary and Consolidated Income Statement Review portions of the Financial Review section of this Report provide information regarding items impacting the comparability of the periods presented. |
(b) | Calculated as annualized taxable-equivalent net interest income divided by average earning assets. The interest income earned on certain earning assets is completely or partially exempt from federal income tax. As such, these tax-exempt instruments typically yield lower returns than taxable investments. To provide more meaningful comparisons of margins for all earning assets, we use net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis in calculating net interest margin by increasing the interest income earned on tax-exempt assets to make it fully equivalent to interest income earned on taxable investments. This adjustment is not permitted under GAAP in the Consolidated Income Statement. The taxable-equivalent adjustments to net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 were $9 million and $6 million, respectively. The taxable-equivalent adjustments to net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 were $28 million and $20 million, respectively. |
(c) | Calculated as noninterest expense divided by total revenue. |
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CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (CONTINUED) (a)
Unaudited | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 |
September 30 2007 |
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BALANCE SHEET DATA (dollars in millions, except per share data) |
||||||||||||
Assets |
$ | 145,610 | $ | 138,920 | $ | 131,366 | ||||||
Loans, net of unearned income |
75,184 | 68,319 | 65,760 | |||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses |
1,053 | 830 | 717 | |||||||||
Securities available for sale |
31,031 | 30,225 | 28,430 | |||||||||
Loans held for sale |
1,922 | 3,927 | 3,004 | |||||||||
Goodwill and other intangibles |
9,921 | 9,551 | 8,935 | |||||||||
Equity investments |
6,735 | 6,045 | 5,975 | |||||||||
Deposits |
84,984 | 82,696 | 78,409 | |||||||||
Borrowed funds |
32,139 | 30,931 | 27,453 | |||||||||
Shareholders equity |
14,218 | 14,854 | 14,539 | |||||||||
Common shareholders equity |
13,712 | 14,847 | 14,532 | |||||||||
Book value per common share |
39.44 | 43.60 | 43.12 | |||||||||
Common shares outstanding (millions) |
348 | 341 | 337 | |||||||||
Loans to deposits |
88 | % | 83 | % | 84 | % | ||||||
ASSETS ADMINISTERED (billions) |
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Managed |
$ | 63 | $ | 73 | $ | 77 | ||||||
Nondiscretionary |
106 | 113 | 112 | |||||||||
FUND ASSETS SERVICED (billions) |
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Accounting/administration net assets |
$ | 907 | $ | 990 | $ | 922 | ||||||
Custody assets |
415 | 500 | 497 | |||||||||
CAPITAL RATIOS | ||||||||||||
Tier 1 risk-based (b) |
8.2 | % | 6.8 | % | 7.5 | % | ||||||
Total risk-based (b) |
11.9 | 10.3 | 10.9 | |||||||||
Leverage (b) |
7.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | |||||||||
Tangible common equity |
3.6 | 4.7 | 5.2 | |||||||||
Common shareholders equity to assets |
9.4 | 10.7 | 11.1 | |||||||||
ASSET QUALITY RATIOS | ||||||||||||
Nonperforming loans to total loans |
1.12 | % | .66 | % | .40 | % | ||||||
Nonperforming assets to total loans and foreclosed assets |
1.16 | .72 | .46 | |||||||||
Nonperforming assets to total assets |
.60 | .36 | .23 | |||||||||
Net charge-offs to average loans (for the three months ended) |
.66 | .49 | .30 | |||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans |
1.40 | 1.21 | 1.09 | |||||||||
Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonperforming loans |
125 | 183 | 274 |
(a) | The Executive Summary and Consolidated Balance Sheet Review portions of the Financial Review section of this Report provide information regarding items impacting the comparability of the periods presented. |
(b) | The regulatory minimums are 4.0% for Tier 1, 8.0% for Total, and 4.0% for Leverage ratios. The well-capitalized levels are 6.0% for Tier 1, 10.0% for Total, and 5.0% for Leverage ratios. |
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FINANCIAL REVIEW
THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
This Financial Review should be read together with our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and unaudited Statistical Information included elsewhere in this Report and with Items 6, 7, 8 and 9A of our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K (2007 Form 10-K). We have reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform with the current period presentation. For information regarding certain business and regulatory risks, see the Risk Management section in this Financial Review and Items 1A and 7 of our 2007 Form 10-K and Item 1A included in Part II of this Report. Also, see the Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information and Critical Accounting Policies And Judgments sections in this Financial Review for certain other factors that could cause actual results or future events to differ, perhaps materially, from historical performance and those anticipated in the forward-looking statements included in this Report. See Note 16 Segment Reporting in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for a reconciliation of total business segment earnings to total PNC consolidated net income as reported on a generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) basis.
THE PNC FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
PNC is one of the largest diversified financial services companies in the United States based on assets, with businesses engaged in retail banking, corporate and institutional banking, asset management, and global investment servicing. We provide many of our products and services nationally and others in our primary geographic markets located in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Washington, DC, Maryland, Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky and Delaware. We also provide certain investment servicing internationally.
KEY STRATEGIC GOALS
We manage our company for the long term by focusing on maintaining a moderate risk profile and strong capital and liquidity positions, investing in our markets and products, and embracing our corporate responsibility to the communities where we do business.
Our strategy to enhance shareholder value centers on driving positive operating leverage by achieving growth in revenue from our balance sheet and diverse business mix that exceeds growth in expenses controlled through disciplined cost management. In each of our business segments, the primary drivers of revenue growth are the acquisition, expansion and retention of customer relationships. We strive to expand our customer base by offering convenient banking options and leading technology solutions, providing a broad range of fee-based and credit products and services, focusing on customer service, and through a significantly enhanced branding initiative. We may also grow revenue through appropriate and targeted acquisitions and, in certain businesses, by expanding into new geographical markets.
We are focused on our strategies for quality growth. We remain committed to maintaining a moderate risk profile characterized by disciplined credit management and limited exposure to earnings volatility resulting from interest rate fluctuations and the shape of the interest rate yield curve. Our actions have created a well-positioned and strong balance sheet, ample liquidity and investment flexibility to adjust, where appropriate and permissible, to changing interest rates and market conditions.
We continue to be disciplined in investing capital in our businesses while returning a portion to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases when appropriate. See the Funding and Capital Sources section of the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Financial Review regarding certain restrictions on dividends and common share repurchases resulting from PNCs participation in the US Treasurys Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) Capital Purchase Program.
RECENT MARKET AND INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS
Starting in the middle of 2007, and with a heightened level of activity during the third quarter of 2008 and through the present, there has been unprecedented turmoil, volatility and illiquidity in worldwide financial markets, accompanied by uncertain prospects for the overall national economy. In addition, there have been dramatic changes in the competitive landscape of the financial services industry during this time.
Recent efforts by the Federal government, including the Treasury Department, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the Securities and Exchange Commission and others, to stabilize and restore confidence in the financial services industry have impacted and will likely continue to impact PNC and our stakeholders. These efforts, which will continue to evolve, include the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 and other legislative, administrative and regulatory initiatives, including the US Treasurys TARP and TARP Capital Purchase Program, the Federal Reserves Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF), and the FDICs Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP).
The TARP Capital Purchase Program encourages US financial institutions to build capital through the sale to the US Treasury of senior preferred shares of stock to increase the flow of financing to US businesses and consumers and to support the US economy. The Federal Reserve established the CPFF to provide a liquidity backstop to US issuers of commercial paper and thereby improve liquidity in short-term funding markets and thus increase the availability of credit for businesses and households. The FDICs TLGP is designed to strengthen confidence and encourage liquidity in the banking
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system by (1) guaranteeing newly issued senior unsecured debt of eligible institutions, including FDIC-insured banks and thrifts, as well as certain holding companies (the Debt Guarantee Program), and (2) providing full deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing deposit transaction accounts in FDIC-insured institutions, regardless of the dollar amount (the Transaction Account Guarantee Program). PNC has been approved to participate in the TARP Capital Purchase Program and will participate in the FDICs Transaction Account Guarantee Program. PNC is evaluating whether it will participate in the FDICs Debt Guarantee Program. Effective October 28, 2008, Market Street Funding LLC (Market Street) was approved to participate in the Federal Reserves CPFF.
It is also possible that the US Congress and federal banking agencies, as part of their efforts to enhance the liquidity and solvency of financial institutions and markets and otherwise enhance the regulation of financial institutions and markets, will announce additional legislation, regulations or programs. These additional actions may take the form of changes in or additions to the statutes or regulations related to existing programs, including those described above. It is not possible at this time to predict the ultimate impact of these actions on PNCs business plans and strategies.
PLANNED ACQUISITION OF NATIONAL CITY
On October 24, 2008, we entered into a definitive agreement with National City Corporation (National City) for PNC to acquire National City for approximately $5.9 billion in cash and common stock. Consideration includes approximately $5.5 billion of PNC common stock (based on a five-day average share price including the announcement date), with a fixed exchange ratio of 0.0392 share of PNC common stock for each share of National City common stock, and $384 million of cash payable to certain warrant holders. The transaction is currently expected to close by December 31, 2008 and is subject to customary closing conditions, including the approval of regulators and the shareholders of both PNC and National City.
National City, headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio, is one of the nations largest commercial banking organizations based on assets. At September 30, 2008, National City had total assets of approximately $145 billion and total deposits of approximately $96 billion. National City operates through an extensive network in Ohio, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin and also conducts selected consumer lending businesses and other financial services on a nationwide basis. Its primary businesses include commercial and retail banking, mortgage financing and servicing, consumer finance and asset management.
We expect to incur merger and integration costs of approximately $2.3 billion in connection with the acquisition of National City. The transaction is expected to result in the reduction of approximately $1.2 billion of acquired company noninterest expense through the elimination of operational and administrative redundancies.
Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed October 24, 2008 and October 30, 2008 contain additional information regarding our planned acquisition of National City.
TARP CAPITAL PURCHASE PROGRAM
Also on October 24, 2008, PNC announced it will participate in the TARP Capital Purchase Program. PNC plans to issue to the US Treasury $7.7 billion of preferred stock together with related warrants to purchase shares of common stock of PNC in accordance with the terms of the TARP Capital Purchase Program, subject to standard closing requirements. A portion of the $7.7 billion amount assumes the consummation of the acquisition of National City. Funds from this sale will count as Tier 1 capital and the warrants will qualify as tangible common equity. The US Treasurys term sheet describing the TARP Capital Purchase Program and standard forms of agreements are available on the US Treasurys website at http://www.ustreas.gov.
KEY FACTORS AFFECTING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Our financial performance is substantially affected by several external factors outside of our control including the following, some of which may be affected by legislative, regulatory and administrative initiatives of the Federal government outlined above:
| General economic conditions, including the length and severity of an anticipated recession, |
| The level of, and direction, timing and magnitude of movement in interest rates, and the shape of the interest rate yield curve, |
| The functioning and other performance of, and availability of liquidity in, the capital and other financial markets, |
| Loan demand, utilization of credit commitments and standby letters of credit, and asset quality, |
| Customer demand for other products and services, |
| Changes in the competitive landscape and in counterparty creditworthiness and performance as the financial services industry restructures in the current environment, |
| Movement of customer deposits from lower to higher rate accounts or to investment alternatives, and |
| The impact of market credit spreads on asset valuations. |
In addition, our success will depend, among other things, upon:
| Further success in the acquisition, growth and retention of customers, |
| Progress toward closing and integrating the planned National City acquisition, |
| Continued development of the markets related to our other recent acquisitions, including full deployment of our product offerings, |
| Revenue growth, |
| A sustained focus on expense management and creating positive operating leverage, |
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| Maintaining solid overall asset quality, |
| Continuing to maintain our solid deposit base, |
| Prudent risk and capital management, and |
| Actions we take within the capital and other financial markets. |
OTHER 2008 ACQUISITION AND DIVESTITURE ACTIVITY
On April 4, 2008, we acquired Lancaster, Pennsylvania-based Sterling Financial Corporation (Sterling) for approximately 4.6 million shares of PNC common stock and $224 million in cash. Sterling was a banking and financial services company with approximately $3.2 billion in assets, $2.7 billion in deposits, and 65 branches in south-central Pennsylvania, northern Maryland and northern Delaware. The Sterling technology systems and bank charter conversions were completed during the third quarter of 2008 and we realized the anticipated cost savings related to these activities.
On March 31, 2008, we sold J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, LLC (Hilliard Lyons), a Louisville, Kentucky-based wholly-owned subsidiary of PNC and a full-service brokerage and financial services provider, to Houchens Industries, Inc. We recognized an after-tax gain of $23 million in the first quarter of 2008 in connection with this divestiture. Business segment information for the periods presented in this report reflects the reclassification of results for Hilliard Lyons, including the gain on the sale of this business, from the Retail Banking business segment to Other.
SUMMARY FINANCIAL RESULTS
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
In millions, except per share data | Sept. 30 2008 |
Sept. 30 2007 |
Sept. 30 2008 |
Sept. 30 2007 |
||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 248 | $ | 407 | $ | 1,130 | $ | 1,289 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | .71 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 3.24 | $ | 3.85 | ||||||||
Return on |
||||||||||||||||
Average common shareholders equity |
7.13 | % | 11.25 | % | 10.63 | % | 12.62 | % | ||||||||
Average assets |
.69 | % | 1.27 | % | 1.07 | % | 1.44 | % |
Highlights of the third quarter of 2008 included the following:
| We continued to be well capitalized. The Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 8.2% at September 30, 2008. In October 2008, the PNC board of directors declared a quarterly common stock cash dividend of 66 cents a share. |
| We maintained a strong liquidity position and our franchise continued to generate deposits. Average deposits for the third quarter increased 8% compared with the third quarter of 2007, funding nearly 80% of loan growth. As a result, we remained core funded with a loan to deposit ratio of 88% at September 30, 2008. |
| Credit quality continued to be manageable in a challenging economic environment. Net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2008 were $122 million, or .66% of average loans, compared with $49 million, |
or .30%, for the third quarter of 2007. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2008 was $190 million compared with $65 million for the third quarter of 2007. As a result, the ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans increased to 1.40% at September 30, 2008 from 1.09% at September 30, 2007. |
| Securities available for sale were $31.0 billion at September 30, 2008, or 21% of total assets. The portfolio was comprised of well-diversified, high quality securities with US government agency mortgage-backed securities representing 39% of the portfolio. The remaining securities were primarily non-US government agency mortgage-backed or asset-backed and 95% of these had AAA-equivalent ratings, on average. |
| We expanded the number of customers we serve, accelerating growth in checking relationships by adding 36,000 net new consumer and business checking relationships through organic growth in the third quarter of 2008. |
| Average loans for the third quarter of 2008 increased 13% over third quarter of 2007. We continued to make credit available to our customers. |
| Net interest income increased 31% in the third quarter of 2008 compared with the third quarter of 2007 due to higher earning assets and lower funding costs. The net interest margin was 3.46% compared with 3.00% in the year ago quarter. |
| Noninterest income for the third quarter of 2008 included revenue growth from many sources of client-based fees. Noninterest income was negatively affected by the continued widening of credit spreads and lack of market liquidity resulting in valuation losses of $82 million on commercial mortgage loans held for sale, other-than-temporary impairment charges of $74 million on preferred stock in the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) and Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) in addition to other-than-temporary impairments on other securities that were offset by securities gains, as well as a charge of $51 million relating to PNCs BlackRock long-term incentive plan (LTIP) shares obligation due to an increase in the share price of BlackRock common stock. |
| Noninterest expense remained well controlled as investments in growth initiatives were tempered by disciplined expense management. Noninterest expense increased 4% in the third quarter of 2008 compared with the third quarter of 2007. |
In addition, we created positive year-to-date operating leverage by growing revenue while controlling noninterest expense. Revenue growth of 9% in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 exceeded noninterest expense growth of 7% for the same periods.
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Our Consolidated Income Statement Review section of this Financial Review describes in greater detail the various items that impacted our results for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 and 2007.
BALANCE SHEET HIGHLIGHTS
Total assets were $145.6 billion at September 30, 2008 compared with $138.9 billion at December 31, 2007. Total average assets were $141.7 billion for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $119.5 billion for the first nine months of 2007. This increase reflected an $18.5 billion increase in average interest-earning assets and a $3.6 billion increase in average noninterest-earning assets. An increase of $11.0 billion in loans and a $6.1 billion increase in securities available for sale were the primary factors for the increase in average interest-earning assets.
The increase in average noninterest-earning assets for the first nine months of 2008 reflected an increase in average goodwill of $1.9 billion primarily related to the acquisition of Sterling on April 4, 2008, Yardville National Bancorp (Yardville) on October 26, 2007 and Mercantile Bankshares Corporation (Mercantile) on March 2, 2007.
The impact of the Sterling, Yardville and Mercantile acquisitions is also reflected in our year-over-year increases in average total loans, average securities available for sale and average total deposits described further below.
Average total loans were $71.8 billion for the first nine months of 2008 and $60.9 billion in the first nine months of 2007. The increase in average total loans included growth in commercial loans of $5.5 billion, consumer loans of $2.6 billion, commercial real estate loans of $2.0 billion and residential mortgage loans of $.9 billion. Loans represented 63% of average interest-earning assets for the first nine months of 2008 and 64% for the first nine months of 2007.
Average securities available for sale totaled $31.7 billion for the first nine months of 2008 and $25.6 billion for the first nine months of 2007. Average residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities increased $4.8 billion on a combined basis in the comparison. In addition, asset-backed securities increased $1.0 billion in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the prior year nine-month period. Securities available for sale comprised 28% of average interest-earning assets for the first nine months of 2008 and 27% for the first nine months of 2007.
Average total deposits were $83.5 billion for the first nine months of 2008, an increase of $8.0 billion over the first nine months of 2007. Average deposits grew from the prior year period primarily as a result of increases in money market balances, other time deposits, time deposits in foreign offices, and demand and other noninterest-bearing deposits.
Average total deposits represented 59% of average total assets for the first nine months of 2008 and 63% for the first nine
months of 2007. Average transaction deposits were $54.8 billion for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $50.0 billion for the first nine months of 2007.
Average borrowed funds were $31.8 billion for the first nine months of 2008 and $21.1 billion for the first nine months of 2007. Increases of $8.4 billion in Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings and $1.3 billion in other borrowed funds drove the increase compared with the first nine months of 2007.
Shareholders equity totaled $14.2 billion at September 30, 2008 compared with $14.9 billion at December 31, 2007. See the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Financial Review for additional information.
BUSINESS SEGMENT HIGHLIGHTS
Total business segment earnings were $904 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $1.278 billion for the first nine months of 2007. Third quarter 2008 business segment earnings of $241 million decreased $191 million compared with the third quarter of 2007. Results for 2008 were impacted by a lower assigned revenue value for deposits in the current interest rate environment, the impact of valuation adjustments on certain illiquid assets, and a higher provision for credit losses. Notwithstanding these factors, our business segments made significant progress in growing loans and deposits, adding customers and investing in products and services.
Highlights of results for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 and 2007 are included below. The Business Segments Review section of this Financial Review includes further analysis of our business segment results over these periods.
We provide a reconciliation of total business segment earnings to total PNC consolidated net income as reported on a GAAP basis in Note 16 Segment Reporting in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
Retail Banking
Retail Bankings earnings were $414 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $665 million for the same period in 2007. The 38% decline in earnings over the prior year was primarily driven by increases in the provision for credit losses and expenses.
Retail Bankings earnings were $79 million for the third quarter of 2008 compared with $246 million for the same period in 2007. The decline from the prior year third quarter was driven by an increase in the provision for credit losses and higher noninterest expense.
Corporate & Institutional Banking
Corporate & Institutional Banking earned $208 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $341 million in the first nine months of 2007. Earnings in 2008 were impacted by pretax valuation losses of $238 million on commercial mortgage loans held for sale. Increases in the provision for credit losses and noninterest expenses were offset by higher net interest income.
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For the third quarter of 2008, earnings from Corporate & Institutional Banking totaled $72 million compared with $87 million for the third quarter of 2007. Lower earnings in the third quarter of 2008 reflected a decline in revenue largely driven by valuation losses on commercial mortgage loans held for sale. Higher noninterest expense in the comparison was substantially offset by lower provision for credit losses.
BlackRock
Our BlackRock business segment earned $185 million for the first nine months of 2008, a 5% increase compared with $176 million for the first nine months of 2007. Earnings from our BlackRock business segment totaled $56 million for the third quarter of 2008 compared with $66 million for the third quarter of 2007. BlackRocks operating income decreased in the third quarter of 2008 largely as a result of market declines and massive disruption in the US money markets.
Global Investment Servicing
Global Investment Servicing, formerly PFPC, earned $97 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $96 million for the first nine months of 2007. Earnings from Global Investment Servicing totaled $34 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared with $33 million in the third quarter of 2007. While servicing revenue growth was realized through new business, organic growth, and the completion of two acquisitions in December 2007, increased costs related to this growth and the acquisitions largely offset the increases in both comparisons.
Other
Other earnings for the first nine months of 2008 totaled $226 million compared with earnings of $11 million for the first nine months of 2007.
The following factors contributed to the higher earnings for Other for the first nine months of 2008:
| Growth in net interest income related to asset and liability management activities, |
| The third quarter 2008 reversal of a legal contingency reserve established in connection with an acquisition due to a settlement, |
| Higher gains from PNCs LTIP shares obligation in 2008, |
| The first quarter 2008 gain on the sale of Hilliard Lyons, and |
| The first quarter 2008 partial reversal of the Visa indemnification liability. |
The benefits of these items were partially offset by lower trading results and by equity management losses in the year-to-date comparison.
For the third quarter of 2008, Other earnings totaled $7 million compared with a net loss of $25 million in the third quarter of 2007. Growth in net interest income related to asset and liability management activities and the third quarter 2008 reversal of a legal contingency reserve referred to above, partially offset by lower trading results, higher net securities losses and equity management losses, drove the increase in this comparison.
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT REVIEW
Our Consolidated Income Statement is presented in Part I, Item 1 of this Report. Net income for the first nine months of 2008 was $1.130 billion and for the first nine months of 2007 was $1.289 billion. Net income for the third quarter of 2008 was $248 million compared with net income of $407 million for the third quarter of 2007. Total revenue for the first nine months of 2008 increased 9% compared with the first nine months of 2007. We created positive operating leverage in the year-to-date comparison as total noninterest expense increased 7% in the comparison.
NET INTEREST INCOME AND NET INTEREST MARGIN
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
Dollars in millions | Sept. 30 2008 |
Sept. 30 2007 |
Sept. 30 2008 |
Sept. 30 2007 |
||||||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,000 | $ | 761 | $ | 2,831 | $ | 2,122 | ||||||||
Net interest margin |
3.46 | % | 3.00 | % | 3.34 | % | 3.00 | % |
Changes in net interest income and margin result from the interaction of the volume and composition of interest-earning assets and related yields, interest-bearing liabilities and related rates paid, and noninterest-bearing sources of funding. See the Statistical Information Average Consolidated Balance Sheet And Net Interest Analysis section of this Report for additional information.
The 33% increase in net interest income for the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007 was favorably impacted by the $18.5 billion, or 20%, increase in average interest-earning assets and a decrease in funding costs. Similarly, the 31% increase in net interest income for the third quarter of 2008 compared with the third quarter of 2007 reflected the $14.4 billion, or 14%, increase in average interest-earning assets over this period and a decrease in funding costs. Wider net interest margins also benefited the 2008 periods in both the third quarter and first nine months comparisons. The reasons driving the higher interest-earning assets in these comparisons are further discussed in the Balance Sheet Highlights portion of the Executive Summary section of this Financial Review.
We expect net interest income growth will be approximately 30% for full year 2008 compared with 2007, assuming our current expectations for interest rates and economic conditions. We include our current economic assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements in the Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information section of this Financial Review.
The net interest margin was 3.34% for the first nine months of 2008 and 3.00% for the first nine months of 2007. The following factors impacted the comparison:
| A decrease in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities of 134 basis points. The rate paid on |
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interest-bearing deposits, the single largest component, decreased 117 basis points. |
| These factors were partially offset by a 71 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets. The yield on loans, the single largest component, decreased 98 basis points. |
| In addition, the impact of noninterest-bearing sources of funding decreased 29 basis points due to lower interest rates and a lower proportion of noninterest-bearing sources of funding to interest-earning assets. |
The net interest margin was 3.46% for the third quarter of 2008 and 3.00% for the third quarter of 2007. The following factors impacted the comparison:
| A decrease in the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities of 170 basis points. The rate paid on interest-bearing deposits, the single largest component, decreased 147 basis points. |
| These factors were partially offset by a 95 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets. The yield on loans, the single largest component, decreased 136 basis points. |
| In addition, the impact of noninterest-bearing sources of funding decreased 29 basis points due to lower interest rates and a lower proportion of noninterest-bearing sources of funding to interest-earning assets. |
For comparing to the broader market, during the first nine months of 2008 the average federal funds rate was 2.40% compared with 5.20% for the first nine months of 2007. The average federal funds rate was 1.96% for the third quarter of 2008 compared with 5.09% for the third quarter of 2007.
We believe that net interest margins for our industry will continue to be impacted by competition for high quality loans and deposits and customer migration from lower to higher rate deposit or other products. We expect our net interest margin to improve for full year 2008 compared with 2007.
NONINTEREST INCOME
Summary First Nine Months
Noninterest income totaled $2.683 billion for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $2.956 billion for the first nine months of 2007.
Noninterest income for the first nine months of 2008 included the following:
| Valuation losses related to our commercial mortgage loans held for sale of $238 million, |
| Income from Hilliard Lyons totaling $164 million, including the first quarter gain of $114 million from the sale of this business, |
| A first quarter gain of $95 million related to the redemption of a portion of our Visa Class B common shares related to Visas March 2008 initial public offering, |
| Other investment losses of $81 million, |
| Trading losses of $77 million, |
| Gains of $69 million related to our BlackRock LTIP shares adjustment, |
| A third quarter $61 million reversal of a legal contingency reserve established in connection with an acquisition due to a settlement, and |
| Net securities losses of $34 million. |
Noninterest income for the first nine months of 2007 included the following:
| Income from Hilliard Lyons totaling $171 million, |
| Trading income of $114 million, and |
| Equity management gains of $81 million. |
Apart from the impact of these items, noninterest income increased $134 million, or 5%, for the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007.
Summary Third Quarter
Noninterest income totaled $654 million for the third quarter of 2008 compared with $990 million for the third quarter of 2007.
Noninterest income for the third quarter of 2008 included the following:
| Valuation losses related to our commercial mortgage loans held for sale of $82 million, |
| Net securities losses of $74 million, |
| The $61 million reversal of a legal contingency reserve referred to above, |
| Other investment losses of $55 million, |
| Trading losses of $54 million, |
| A loss of $51 million related to our BlackRock LTIP shares adjustment, and |
| Equity management losses of $24 million. |
Noninterest income for the third quarter of 2007 included the following:
| Income from Hilliard Lyons of $58 million, |
| A loss of $50 million related to our BlackRock LTIP shares adjustment, |
| Equity management gains of $47 million, and |
| Trading income of $33 million. |
Apart from the impact of these items, noninterest income increased $31 million, or 3%, in this comparison.
Additional Analysis
Fund servicing fees increased $75 million, to $695 million, in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007. Fund servicing fees totaled $233 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared with $208 million in the third quarter of 2007. The increases in both comparisons primarily resulted from the December 2007 acquisition of Albridge Solutions Inc. and growth in Global Investment Servicings offshore operations.
8
Global Investment Servicing provided fund accounting/ administration services for $907 billion of net fund investment assets and provided custody services for $415 billion of fund investment assets at September 30, 2008, compared with $922 billion and $497 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2007. The decrease in assets serviced was due to declines in asset values and fund outflows resulting primarily from market conditions in the third quarter of 2008.
Asset management fees totaled $589 million in the first nine months of 2008, an increase of $30 million compared with the first nine months of 2007. Higher equity earnings from our BlackRock investment in 2008 and our March 2007 acquisition of Mercantile impacted the nine-month comparison. For the third quarter of 2008, asset management fees totaled $180 million compared with $204 million in the third quarter of 2007. The effect on fees of a $14 billion decrease in assets managed related to wealth management and the Hilliard Lyons divestiture and lower equity earnings from BlackRock were reflected in the decline during the third quarter of 2008 compared with the prior year third quarter. Assets managed at September 30, 2008 totaled $63 billion compared with $77 billion at September 30, 2007. The Hilliard Lyons sale and the impact of comparatively lower equity markets in the first nine months of 2008 drove the decline in assets managed.
Consumer services fees declined $41 million, to $472 million, for the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007. For the third quarter of 2008, consumer services fees totaled $153 million compared with $177 million in the third quarter of 2007. In both comparisons, the sale of Hilliard Lyons more than offset the benefits of increased volume-related fees, including debit card, credit card, brokerage and merchant revenues.
Corporate services revenue totaled $547 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $533 million in the first nine months of 2007. Corporate services revenue totaled $198 million in both the third quarter of 2008 and 2007. Higher revenue from treasury management and other fees, partially offset by lower merger and acquisition advisory fees and mortgage servicing fees, net of amortization, were the primary factors in the year-to-date increase.
Service charges on deposits grew $13 million, to $271 million, in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007. Service charges on deposits totaled $97 million for the third quarter of 2008 and $89 million for the third quarter of 2007. The impact of our expansion into new markets contributed to the increase in both comparisons.
Net securities losses totaled $34 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with net securities losses of $4 million in the first nine months of 2007. Net securities losses were $74 million for the third quarter of 2008 and $2 million for the third quarter of 2007. Losses for the third quarter of 2008 included other-than-temporary impairment charges of
$74 million on our investment in preferred stock of FHLMC and FNMA in addition to other-than-temporary impairments on other securities that were offset by securities gains.
Other noninterest income totaled $143 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $477 million for the first nine months of 2007.
Other noninterest income for the first nine months of 2008 included the $114 million gain from the sale of Hilliard Lyons, the $95 million gain from the redemption of a portion of our investment in Visa related to their March 2008 initial public offering, gains of $69 million related to our BlackRock LTIP shares adjustment and the $61 million reversal of a legal contingency reserve referred to above. The impact of these items was partially offset by valuation losses related to our commercial mortgage loans held for sale of $238 million, and trading losses of $77 million.
Trading income of $114 million and equity management gains of $81 million were included in other noninterest income for the first nine months of 2007.
For the third quarter of 2008, other noninterest income was a negative $133 million compared with $116 million for the third quarter of 2007.
Other noninterest income for the third quarter of 2008 included valuation losses related to our commercial mortgage loans held for sale of $82 million, trading losses of $54 million and equity management losses of $24 million. The impact of these items was partially offset by the $61 million reversal of a legal contingency reserve. Other noninterest income for the third quarter of 2007 included equity management gains of $47 million and trading income of $33 million.
Additional information regarding our transactions related to Visa is included in Note 15 Commitments And Guarantees in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report. Further details regarding our trading activities are included in the Market Risk Management Trading Risk portion of the Risk Management section of this Financial Review and further details regarding equity management are included in the Market Risk Management Equity and Other Investment Risk section.
Other noninterest income typically fluctuates from period to period depending on the nature and magnitude of transactions completed.
We expect that total revenue growth will exceed 10% for full year 2008 compared with full year 2007, assuming our current expectations for interest rates and economic conditions. We also expect to create positive operating leverage for full year 2008 with a percentage growth in total revenue relative to
9
2007 that will exceed the percentage growth in noninterest expense from 2007, excluding any potential impact on expenses of our planned acquisition of National City.
PRODUCT REVENUE
In addition to credit and deposit products for commercial customers, Corporate & Institutional Banking offers other services, including treasury management and capital markets-related products and services and commercial mortgage loan servicing, that are marketed by several businesses to commercial and retail customers across PNC.
Treasury management revenue, which includes fees as well as net interest income from customer deposit balances, increased 17% to $403 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $345 million for the first nine months of 2007. For the third quarter of 2008, treasury management revenue increased 13% to $137 million compared with $121 million in the third quarter of 2007. These increases were primarily related to the impact of our expansion into new markets and strong growth in commercial payment card services and in cash and liquidity management products.
Revenue from capital markets-related products and services totaled $260 million in the first nine month of 2008 compared with $216 million in the first nine months of 2007. Revenue totaled $80 million for the third quarter of 2008 compared with $73 million for the third quarter of 2007. These increases were primarily driven by strong customer interest rate derivative and foreign exchange activity partially offset by a decline in merger and acquisition advisory fees.
Commercial mortgage banking activities include revenue derived from loan originations, commercial mortgage servicing (including net interest income and noninterest income from loan servicing and ancillary services), gains, valuation adjustments, net interest income on loans held for sale, and related commitments and hedges.
Commercial mortgage banking activities resulted in revenue of $8 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $206 million in the first nine months of 2007. The first nine months of 2008 included valuation losses of $238 million on commercial mortgage loans held for sale due to the impact of an illiquid market during most of the first nine months of 2008. The 2007 period reflected significant securitization activity. In addition, commercial mortgage servicing revenue declined $14 million while net interest income from commercial mortgage loans held for sale increased $51 million in the nine-month comparison due to higher loans held for sale balances.
For the third quarter of 2008, revenue from commercial mortgage banking activities totaled negative $1 million compared with $66 million in the third quarter of 2007. The decrease reflected an $82 million negative valuation adjustment in the third quarter of 2008. In addition,
commercial mortgage servicing revenue declined $10 million while net interest income from commercial mortgage loans held for sale increased $15 million in the quarter comparison due to higher loans held for sale balances.
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The provision for credit losses totaled $527 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $127 million for the first nine months of 2007. The provision for credit losses for the third quarter of 2008 totaled $190 million compared with $65 million for the third quarter of 2007. The higher provision in both comparisons was driven by general credit quality migration, especially in the residential real estate development portion of our commercial real estate portfolio and related sectors, and in home equity loans. Total residential real estate development outstandings were approximately $1.8 billion at September 30, 2008 compared with $2.1 billion at December 31, 2007. Growth in our total credit exposure also contributed to the higher provision amounts in both comparisons.
Our planned acquisition of National City may result in an additional provision for credit losses, which would be recorded at closing, to conform the National City loan reserving methodology with ours. Given this transaction and continued credit deterioration, management is no longer in a position to provide guidance for the provision for credit losses for full year 2008.
The Credit Risk Management portion of the Risk Management section of this Financial Review includes additional information regarding factors impacting the provision for credit losses.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Total noninterest expense was $3.299 billion for the first nine months of 2008 and $3.083 billion for the first nine months of 2007. Noninterest expense totaled $1.142 billion for the third quarter of 2008 compared with $1.099 billion for the third quarter of 2007.
Higher noninterest expense in both the third quarter and first nine month comparisons with 2007 primarily resulted from investments in growth initiatives, including acquisitions, partially offset by the impact of the sale of Hilliard Lyons and disciplined expense management.
Integration costs included in noninterest expense totaled $41 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $67 million for the first nine months of 2007. Integration costs in the third quarter of 2008 totaled $14 million compared with $41 million in the third quarter of 2007.
Noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2008 included the benefit of the first quarter 2008 reversal of $43 million of
10
the $82 million Visa indemnification liability that we established in the fourth quarter of 2007. Additional information regarding our transactions related to Visa is included in Note 15 Commitments And Guarantees in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report.
We expect noninterest expense to grow at a low-to-mid single digit percentage for full year 2008 compared with 2007, excluding any potential impact of our planned acquisition of National City.
PERIOD-END EMPLOYEES
September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 |
September 30 2007 | ||||
Full-time |
25,223 | 25,480 | 24,811 | |||
Part-time |
2,906 | 2,840 | 2,823 | |||
Total |
28,129 | 28,320 | 27,634 |
EFFECTIVE TAX RATE
Our effective tax rate was 33.1% for the first nine months of 2008 and 31.0% for the first nine months of 2007. The higher effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2008 was due to taxes associated with the gain on the sale of Hilliard Lyons.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET REVIEW
SUMMARIZED BALANCE SHEET DATA
In millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 | ||||
Assets |
||||||
Loans, net of unearned income |
$ | 75,184 | $ | 68,319 | ||
Securities available for sale |
31,031 | 30,225 | ||||
Cash and short-term investments |
7,752 | 10,425 | ||||
Loans held for sale |
1,922 | 3,927 | ||||
Equity investments |
6,735 | 6,045 | ||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
9,921 | 9,551 | ||||
Other |
13,065 | 10,428 | ||||
Total assets |
$ | 145,610 | $ | 138,920 | ||
Liabilities |
||||||
Funding sources |
$ | 117,123 | $ | 113,627 | ||
Other |
12,199 | 8,785 | ||||
Total liabilities |
129,322 | 122,412 | ||||
Minority and noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities |
2,070 | 1,654 | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
14,218 | 14,854 | ||||
Total liabilities, minority and noncontrolling interests, and shareholders equity |
$ | 145,610 | $ | 138,920 |
The summarized balance sheet data above is based upon our Consolidated Balance Sheet that is presented in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
Various seasonal and other factors impact our period-end balances whereas average balances (discussed under the Balance Sheet Highlights section of this Financial Review above and included in the Statistical Information section of this Report) are more indicative of underlying business trends.
An analysis of changes in certain balance sheet categories follows.
LOANS, NET OF UNEARNED INCOME
Loans increased $6.9 billion, to $75.2 billion, at September 30, 2008 compared with the balance at December 31, 2007. In February 2008, we transferred the education loans in our held for sale portfolio to the loan portfolio as further described in the Loans Held For Sale section of this Consolidated Balance Sheet Review.
Details Of Loans
In millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 |
||||||
Commercial |
||||||||
Retail/wholesale |
$ | 6,138 | $ | 5,973 | ||||
Manufacturing |
5,656 | 4,705 | ||||||
Other service providers |
3,914 | 3,529 | ||||||
Real estate related (a) |
6,155 | 5,425 | ||||||
Financial services |
1,595 | 1,268 | ||||||
Health care |
1,630 | 1,446 | ||||||
Other |
7,323 | 6,261 | ||||||
Total commercial |
32,411 | 28,607 | ||||||
Commercial real estate |
||||||||
Real estate projects |
6,622 | 6,114 | ||||||
Mortgage |
3,047 | 2,792 | ||||||
Total commercial real estate |
9,669 | 8,906 | ||||||
Lease financing |
3,553 | 3,500 | ||||||
Total commercial lending |
45,633 | 41,013 | ||||||
Consumer |
||||||||
Home equity |
14,892 | 14,447 | ||||||
Education |
2,648 | 132 | ||||||
Automobile |
1,606 | 1,513 | ||||||
Other |
2,260 | 2,234 | ||||||
Total consumer |
21,406 | 18,326 | ||||||
Residential mortgage |
8,757 | 9,557 | ||||||
Other |
298 | 413 | ||||||
Unearned income |
(910 | ) | (990 | ) | ||||
Total, net of unearned income |
$ | 75,184 | $ | 68,319 |
(a) | Includes loans to customers in the real estate and construction industries. |
Total loans represented 52% of total assets at September 30, 2008 and 49% of total assets at December 31, 2007.
Our total loan portfolio continued to be diversified among numerous industries and types of businesses. The loans that we hold are also concentrated in, and diversified across, our principal geographic markets.
Approximately $1.8 billion of the $6.6 billion of real estate projects loans at September 30, 2008 were in residential real
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estate development. These represented approximately 2% of total loans and less than 2% of total assets at September 30, 2008. Approximately $2.1 billion of the $6.1 billion of real estate projects loans at December 31, 2007 were in residential real estate development.
Our home equity loan outstandings totaled $14.9 billion at September 30, 2008. In this portfolio, we consider the higher risk loans to be those with a recent FICO credit score of less than or equal to 660 and a loan-to-value ratio greater than or equal to 90%. We had $581 million or approximately 4% of the total portfolio in this grouping at September 30, 2008. Consistent with the entire home equity portfolio, approximately 93% of these higher-risk loans are located in our geographic footprint. In our $8.8 billion residential mortgage portfolio, loans with a recent FICO credit score of less than or equal to 660 and a loan-to-value ratio greater than 90% totaled $156 million and comprised approximately 2% of this portfolio at September 30, 2008.
Commercial lending outstandings in the table above are the largest category and are the most sensitive to changes in assumptions and judgments underlying the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses. We have allocated approximately $928 million, or 88%, of the total allowance for loan and lease losses at September 30, 2008 to these loans. We allocated $109 million, or 10%, of the remaining allowance at that date to consumer loans and $16 million, or 2%, to all other loans. This allocation also considers other relevant factors such as:
| Actual versus estimated losses, |
| Regional and national economic conditions, |
| Business segment and portfolio concentrations, |
| Industry conditions, |
| The impact of government regulations, and |
| Risk of potential estimation or judgmental errors, including the accuracy of risk ratings. |
Net Unfunded Credit Commitments
In millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 | ||||
Commercial |
$ | 42,424 | $ | 39,171 | ||
Consumer |
11,496 | 10,875 | ||||
Commercial real estate |
2,337 | 2,734 | ||||
Other |
837 | 567 | ||||
Total |
$ | 57,094 | $ | 53,347 |
Unfunded commitments are concentrated in our primary geographic markets. Commitments to extend credit represent arrangements to lend funds or provide liquidity subject to specified contractual conditions. Commercial commitments reported net of participations, assignments and syndications totaled $7.6 billion at September 30, 2008 and $8.9 billion at December 31, 2007.
Unfunded liquidity facility commitments and standby bond purchase agreements totaled $7.8 billion at September 30,
2008 and $9.4 billion at December 31, 2007 and are included in the preceding table primarily within the Commercial and Consumer categories. The decrease from December 31, 2007 was primarily due to a decline in Market Street commitments.
In addition to credit commitments, our net outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $5.8 billion at September 30, 2008 and $4.8 billion at December 31, 2007. Standby letters of credit commit us to make payments on behalf of our customers if specified future events occur.
SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE
In millions | Amortized Cost |
Fair Value | ||||
September 30, 2008 |
||||||
Debt securities |
||||||
Residential mortgage-backed |
$ | 23,734 | $ | 21,172 | ||
Commercial mortgage-backed |
5,952 | 5,541 | ||||
Asset-backed |
3,491 | 2,927 | ||||
US Treasury and government agencies |
32 | 33 | ||||
State and municipal |
810 | 750 | ||||
Other debt |
257 | 219 | ||||
Corporate stocks and other |
389 | 389 | ||||
Total securities available for sale |
$ | 34,665 | $ | 31,031 | ||
December 31, 2007 |
||||||
Debt securities |
||||||
Residential mortgage-backed |
$ | 21,147 | $ | 20,952 | ||
Commercial mortgage-backed |
5,227 | 5,264 | ||||
Asset-backed |
2,878 | 2,770 | ||||
US Treasury and government agencies |
151 | 155 | ||||
State and municipal |
340 | 336 | ||||
Other debt |
85 | 84 | ||||
Corporate stocks and other |
662 | 664 | ||||
Total securities available for sale |
$ | 30,490 | $ | 30,225 |
Securities available for sale represented 21% of total assets at September 30, 2008 and 22% of total assets at December 31, 2007.
At September 30, 2008, securities available for sale included a net pretax unrealized loss of $3.6 billion, which represented the difference between fair value and amortized cost. The comparable amount at December 31, 2007 was a net unrealized loss of $265 million. The fair value of securities available for sale is impacted by interest rates, credit spreads, and market volatility and illiquidity. We believe that substantially all of the decline in value of these securities is attributable to changes in market credit spreads and market illiquidity and not from deterioration in the credit quality of individual securities or underlying collateral, where applicable. If the current issues affecting the US housing market were to continue for the foreseeable future or worsen, or if market volatility and illiquidity were to continue or worsen, or if market interest rates were to increase
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appreciably, the valuation of our available for sale securities portfolio could continue to be adversely affected. See Note 4 Securities in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report for further information.
Net unrealized gains and losses in the securities available for sale portfolio are included in shareholders equity as accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax.
The expected weighted-average life of securities available for sale (excluding corporate stocks and other) was 4 years and 8 months at September 30, 2008 and 3 years and 6 months at December 31, 2007.
We estimate that at September 30, 2008 the effective duration of securities available for sale was 3.2 years for an immediate 50 basis points parallel increase in interest rates and 3.1 years for an immediate 50 basis points parallel decrease in interest rates. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2007 were 2.8 years and 2.5 years, respectively.
LOANS HELD FOR SALE
In millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 | ||||
Commercial mortgage |
$ | 1,505 | $ | 2,116 | ||
Residential mortgage |
99 | 117 | ||||
Education |
1,525 | |||||
Other |
318 | 169 | ||||
Total |
$ | 1,922 | $ | 3,927 |
Actions related to our commercial mortgage loans held for sale intended for securitization during the first nine months of 2008 included the following:
| In early 2008, spreads widened and there was limited activity in the commercial real estate loan securitization market. We reduced loans held for sale intended for securitization by a modest amount. During the first quarter of 2008, we recorded a negative valuation adjustment of $177 million, net of hedges. |
| During the second quarter of 2008, we reduced our inventory of commercial mortgage loans held for sale via securitizations by approximately $.5 billion and recognized a positive valuation adjustment of $21 million, net of hedges. |
| The securitization market was inactive during the third quarter of 2008. We reduced our loans held for sale intended for securitization via loan sales by approximately $90 million. We recorded a negative valuation adjustment of $82 million during the third quarter of 2008 due to market illiquidity. |
Loans intended for securitization are recorded at fair value. The valuation adjustments were reflected in the other noninterest income line item in our Consolidated Income Statement and in the results of the Corporate & Institutional Banking business segment. If conditions similar to the third
quarter of 2008 persist, additional valuation losses may be incurred. If conditions improve, we may realize valuation gains. However, we do not expect the impact to be significant to our capital position. We are not currently originating commercial mortgages for distribution through commercial real estate loan securitizations. We intend to pursue opportunities to further reduce our commercial mortgage loans held for sale position during the remainder of 2008 at appropriate prices.
We previously classified substantially all of our education loans as loans held for sale as we sold education loans to issuers of asset-backed paper when the loans were placed into repayment status. During 2008, the secondary markets for education loans have been impacted by liquidity issues similar to those for other asset classes. In February 2008, given this outlook and the economic and customer relationship value inherent in this product, we transferred these loans at lower of cost or market value from held for sale to the loan portfolio. We did not sell education loans during the second or third quarters of 2008 and do not anticipate sales of these transferred loans in the foreseeable future.
FUNDING AND CAPITAL SOURCES
Details Of Funding Sources
In millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 | ||||
Deposits |
||||||
Money market |
$ | 39,793 | $ | 32,785 | ||
Demand |
17,768 | 20,861 | ||||
Retail certificates of deposit |
16,575 | 16,939 | ||||
Savings |
2,690 | 2,648 | ||||
Other time |
4,859 | 2,088 | ||||
Time deposits in foreign offices |
3,299 | 7,375 | ||||
Total deposits |
84,984 | 82,696 | ||||
Borrowed funds |
||||||
Federal funds purchased |
4,837 | 7,037 | ||||
Repurchase agreements |
2,611 | 2,737 | ||||
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings |
10,466 | 7,065 | ||||
Bank notes and senior debt |
5,792 | 6,821 | ||||
Subordinated debt |
5,192 | 4,506 | ||||
Other |
3,241 | 2,765 | ||||
Total borrowed funds |
32,139 | 30,931 | ||||
Total |
$ | 117,123 | $ | 113,627 |
Total funding sources increased $3.5 billion, or 3%, at September 30, 2008 compared with December 31, 2007.
Total deposits increased $2.3 billion, or 3%, as higher money market balances and other time deposits more than offset declines in demand and time deposits in foreign offices. Total borrowed funds increased $1.2 billion, or 4%, at September 30, 2008 compared with the prior year end
13
primarily due to the increase of $3.4 billion in Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) borrowings, partially offset by reductions in federal funds purchased, bank notes and senior debt, and repurchase agreements. The Liquidity Risk Management portion of the Risk Management section of this Financial Review includes additional information regarding our 2008 borrowed funds activities.
Capital
We manage our capital position by making adjustments to our balance sheet size and composition, issuing subordinated debt, equity or hybrid instruments, executing treasury stock transactions, maintaining dividend policies and retaining earnings.
Total shareholders equity decreased $.6 billion, to $14.2 billion, at September 30, 2008 compared with December 31, 2007. A $2.1 billion increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the first nine months of 2008, along with the impact of dividends, more than offset increases in shareholders equity resulting from net income, the May 2008 Series K preferred stock issuance and new common shares issued in connection with the Sterling acquisition.
The increase from December 31, 2007 in accumulated other comprehensive loss was primarily due to higher net unrealized losses on available for sale securities. These net unrealized losses were primarily driven by market liquidity factors and were not representative of credit quality concerns of the underlying assets.
Common shares outstanding totaled 348 million at September 30, 2008 and 341 million at December 31, 2007. PNC issued approximately 4.6 million common shares in April 2008 in connection with the closing of the Sterling acquisition. In addition to the common stock issuance related to our planned acquisition of National City, we may consider a common stock issuance in the foreseeable future, depending on market conditions.
Our current common stock repurchase program permits us to purchase up to 25 million shares of PNC common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. This program will remain in effect until fully utilized or until modified, superseded or terminated. The extent and timing of share repurchases under this program will depend on a number of factors including, among others, market and general economic conditions, economic and regulatory capital considerations, alternative uses of capital, regulatory limitations, and the potential impact on our credit ratings. We did not purchase any shares during the first nine months of 2008 under this program.
On October 24, 2008, PNC announced that it will participate in the US Treasurys TARP Capital Purchase Program. See TARP Capital Purchase Program within the Executive Summary section of this Financial Review for additional information regarding PNCs planned issuance of preferred
stock and related common stock warrants to the US Treasury under this program.
Under the TARP Capital Purchase Program, there will be restrictions on dividends and common share repurchases associated with the preferred stock that we plan to issue to the US Treasury in accordance with that program. As is typical with cumulative preferred stock, dividend payments for this preferred stock must be current before dividends can be paid on junior shares, including our common stock, or junior shares can be repurchased or redeemed. Also, the US Treasurys consent will be required for any increase in common dividends per share until the third anniversary of the preferred stock issuance as long as the US Treasury continues to hold any of the preferred stock. Further, during that same period, the US Treasurys consent will be required, unless the preferred stock is no longer held by the US Treasury, for any share repurchases with limited exceptions, most significantly purchases of common shares in connection with any benefit plan in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice.
Risk-Based And Tangible Capital
Dollars in millions | September 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 |
||||||
Capital components |
||||||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||||
Common |
$ | 13,711 | $ | 14,847 | ||||
Preferred |
506 | 7 | ||||||
Trust preferred capital securities |
1,106 | 572 | ||||||
Minority interest |
1,352 | 985 | ||||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
(9,216 | ) | (8,853 | ) | ||||
Eligible deferred income taxes on intangible assets |
103 | 119 | ||||||
Pension, other postretirement benefit plan adjustments |
123 | 177 | ||||||
Net unrealized securities losses, after-tax |
2,295 | 167 | ||||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses on cash flow hedge derivatives, after-tax |
(191 | ) | (175 | ) | ||||
Equity investments in nonfinancial companies |
(29 | ) | (31 | ) | ||||
Tier 1 risk-based capital |
9,760 | 7,815 | ||||||
Subordinated debt |
3,225 | 3,024 | ||||||
Eligible allowance for credit losses |
1,180 | 964 | ||||||
Total risk-based capital |
$ | 14,165 | $ | 11,803 | ||||
Assets |
||||||||
Risk-weighted assets, including off-balance sheet instruments and market risk equivalent assets |
$ | 119,537 | $ | 115,132 | ||||
Adjusted average total assets |
135,536 | 126,139 | ||||||
Capital ratios |
||||||||
Tier 1 risk-based |
8.2 | % | 6.8 | % | ||||
Total risk-based |
11.9 | 10.3 | ||||||
Leverage |
7.2 | 6.2 | ||||||
Tangible common equity |
||||||||
Common shareholders equity |
$ | 13,711 | $ | 14,847 | ||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
(9,216 | ) | (8,853 | ) | ||||
Total deferred income taxes on goodwill and other intangible assets (a) |
404 | 119 | ||||||
Tangible common equity |
$ | 4,899 | $ | 6,113 | ||||
Total assets excluding goodwill and other intangible assets, net of deferred income taxes (a) |
$ | 136,798 | $ | 130,185 | ||||
Tangible common equity ratio |
3.6 | % | 4.7 | % |
(a) | As of September 30, 2008, deferred taxes on taxable combinations were added to eligible deferred income taxes for non-taxable combinations that are used in the calculation of the tangible common equity ratio. |
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The tangible common equity information provided in the table above does not reflect the full value of our equity investment in BlackRock. As of September 30, 2008, the market value of our investment exceeded the book value by $4.1 billion. This unrecognized gain would have resulted in a $2.7 billion after-tax increase to our tangible common equity, to $7.6 billion. See additional information regarding our investment in BlackRock on page 28.
The access to, and cost of, funding new business initiatives including acquisitions, the ability to engage in expanded business activities, the ability to pay dividends, the level of deposit insurance costs, and the level and nature of regulatory oversight depend, in part, on a financial institutions capital strength. At September 30, 2008, each of our domestic banking subsidiaries was considered well-capitalized based on US regulatory capital ratio requirements, which are indicated on page 2 of this Report. We believe our current bank subsidiaries will continue to meet these requirements during the remainder of 2008.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
We engage in a variety of activities that involve unconsolidated entities or that are otherwise not reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheet that are generally referred to as off-balance sheet arrangements.
Commitments, including contractual obligations and other commitments, are included within the Risk Management section of this Financial Review and in Note 15 Commitments And Guarantees in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
The following provides a summary of variable interest entities ("VIEs"), including those that we have consolidated and those in which we hold a significant variable interest but have not consolidated into our financial statements as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. During the third quarter of 2008, we reassessed the structure of certain partnership interests in low income housing projects and determined that they should be classified as VIEs. As such we have revised the December 31, 2007 disclosures to reflect these changes.
Consolidated VIEs PNC Is Primary Beneficiary
In millions | Aggregate Assets |
Aggregate Liabilities | ||||
Partnership interests in low income housing projects |
||||||
September 30, 2008 |
$ | 1,303 | $ | 1,303 | ||
December 31, 2007 |
$ | 1,108 | $ | 1,108 |
Additional information on our partnership interests in low income housing projects is included in our 2007 Form 10-K under this same heading in Part I, Item 7 and in Note 3 Variable Interest Entities in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of that report.
Non-Consolidated VIEs Significant Variable Interests
In millions | Aggregate Assets |
Aggregate Liabilities |
PNC Risk of Loss |
|||||||
September 30, 2008 |
||||||||||
Market Street |
$ | 4,699 | $ | 4,791 | $ | 7,504 | (a) | |||
Collateralized debt obligations |
38 | 4 | ||||||||
Partnership interests in low income housing projects |
325 | 199 | 284 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 5,062 | $ | 4,990 | $ | 7,792 | ||||
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||
Market Street |
$ | 5,304 | $ | 5,330 | $ | 9,019 | (a) | |||
Collateralized debt obligations |
255 | 177 | 6 | |||||||
Partnership interests in low income housing projects |
298 | 184 | 155 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 5,857 | $ | 5,691 | $ | 9,180 |
(a) | PNCs risk of loss consists of off-balance sheet liquidity commitments to Market Street of $7.3 billion and other credit enhancements of $.2 billion at September 30, 2008. The comparable amounts were $8.8 billion and $.2 billion at December 31, 2007. These liquidity commitments are included in the Net Unfunded Credit Commitments table in the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Report. |
Market Street
Market Street Funding LLC (Market Street) is a multi-seller asset-backed commercial paper conduit that is owned by an independent third party. Market Streets activities primarily involve purchasing assets or making loans secured by interests in pools of receivables from US corporations that desire access to the commercial paper market. Market Street funds the purchases of assets or loans by issuing commercial paper which has been rated A1/P1 by Standard & Poors and Moodys, respectively, and is supported by pool-specific credit enhancements, liquidity facilities and program-level credit enhancement. Generally, Market Street mitigates its potential interest rate risk by entering into agreements with its borrowers that reflect interest rates based upon its weighted average commercial paper cost of funds. During 2007 and the first nine months of 2008, Market Street met all of its funding needs through the issuance of commercial paper.
Market Street commercial paper outstanding was $4.6 billion at September 30, 2008 and $5.1 billion at December 31, 2007. The weighted average maturity of the commercial paper was 42 days at September 30, 2008 compared with 32 days at December 31, 2007.
Effective October 28, 2008, Market Street was approved to participate in the Federal Reserves CPFF authorized under Section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act. The CPFF commitment to purchase up to $5.4 billion of three-month Market Street commercial paper expires on April 30, 2009.
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In the ordinary course of business during the first nine months of 2008, PNC Capital Markets, acting as a placement agent for Market Street, held a maximum daily position in Market Street commercial paper of $75 million with an average of $16 million. This compares with a maximum daily position of $113 million with an average of $27 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. PNC Capital Markets owned no Market Street commercial paper at September 30, 2008 and owned less than $1 million of such commercial paper at December 31, 2007. PNC Bank, National Association (PNC Bank, N.A.) purchased overnight maturities of Market Street commercial paper on two days during September 2008 in the amounts of $197 million and $531 million due to illiquidity in the commercial paper market. We considered these transactions as part of our evaluation of Market Street described below to determine that we are not the primary beneficiary. PNC made no other purchases of Market Street commercial paper during 2007 or the first nine months of 2008.
PNC Bank, N.A. provides certain administrative services, the program-level credit enhancement and 99% of liquidity facilities to Market Street in exchange for fees negotiated based on market rates. PNC recognized program administrator fees and commitment fees related to PNCs portion of the liquidity facilities of $14 million and $3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The comparable amounts were $9 million and $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
The commercial paper obligations at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 were effectively collateralized by Market Streets assets. While PNC may be obligated to fund under the $7.3 billion of liquidity facilities for events such as commercial paper market disruptions, borrower bankruptcies, collateral deficiencies or covenant violations, our credit risk under the liquidity facilities is secondary to the risk of first loss provided by the borrower or another third party in the form of deal-specific credit enhancement for example, by the over collateralization of the assets. Deal-specific credit enhancement that supports the commercial paper issued by Market Street is generally structured to cover a multiple of expected losses for the pool of assets and is sized to generally meet rating agency standards for comparably structured transactions. In addition, PNC would be required to fund $1.7 billion of the liquidity facilities if the underlying assets are in default. See Note 15 Commitments And Guarantees included in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements of this Report for additional information.
PNC provides program-level credit enhancement to cover net losses in the amount of 10% of commitments, excluding explicitly rated AAA/Aaa facilities. PNC provides 25% of the enhancement in the form of a cash collateral account funded by a loan facility. This facility expires in March 2013. PNC provides a liquidity facility for the remaining 75% of program-level enhancement. Ambac, a monoline insurer,
provides a surety bond equal to 75% of the program level enhancement which will repay PNC in the event of a liquidity facility draw. The cash collateral account is subordinate to the liquidity facility and surety bond.
Market Street has entered into a Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement (Note) with an unrelated third party. The Note provides first loss coverage whereby the investor absorbs losses up to the amount of the Note, which was $7.0 million as of September 30, 2008. Proceeds from the issuance of the Note are held by Market Street in a first loss reserve account that will be used to reimburse any losses incurred by Market Street, PNC Bank, N.A. or other providers under the liquidity facilities and the credit enhancement arrangements.
Assets of Market Street Funding LLC
In millions | Outstanding | Commitments | Weighted Average Remaining Maturity In Years | |||||
September 30, 2008 (a) |
||||||||
Trade receivables |
$ | 1,658 | $ | 3,395 | 2.51 | |||
Automobile financing |
1,022 | 1,082 | 4.16 | |||||
Collateralized loan obligations |
304 | 607 | 2.60 | |||||
Credit cards |
400 | 400 | .44 | |||||
Residential mortgage |
14 | 14 | 27.25 | |||||
Other |
1,206 | 1,429 | 1.72 | |||||
Cash and miscellaneous receivables |
95 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 4,699 | $ | 6,927 | 2.54 | |||
December 31, 2007 (a) |
||||||||
Trade receivables |
$ | 1,375 | $ | 2,865 | 2.63 | |||
Automobile financing |
1,387 | 1,565 | 4.06 | |||||
Collateralized loan obligations |
519 | 1,257 | 2.54 | |||||
Credit cards |
769 | 775 | .26 | |||||
Residential mortgage |
37 | 720 | .90 | |||||
Other |
1,031 | 1,224 | 1.89 | |||||
Cash and miscellaneous receivables |
186 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 5,304 | $ | 8,406 | 2.41 |
(a) | Market Street did not recognize an asset impairment charge or experience a rating downgrade on its assets during 2007 and the first nine months of 2008. |
Market Street Commitments by Credit Rating (a)
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||
AAA/Aaa |
23 | % | 19 | % | ||
AA/Aa |
6 | 6 | ||||
A/A |
68 | 72 | ||||
BBB/Baa |
3 | 3 | ||||
Total |
100 | % | 100 | % |
(a) | The majority of our facilities are not explicitly rated by the rating agencies. All facilities are structured to meet rating agency standards for applicable rating levels. |
16
We evaluated the design of Market Street, its capital structure, the Note, and relationships among the variable interest holders under the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, (Revised 2003) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46R). Based on this analysis, we are not the primary beneficiary as defined by FIN 46R and therefore the assets and liabilities of Market Street are not reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
We would consider changes to the variable interest holders (such as new expected loss note investors and changes to program-level credit enhancement providers), terms of expected loss notes, and new types of risks (such as foreign currency or interest rate) related to Market Street as reconsideration events. We review the activities of Market Street on at least a quarterly basis to determine if a reconsideration event has occurred.
Based on current accounting guidance, we are not required to consolidate Market Street into our consolidated financial statements. However, if PNC would be determined to be the primary beneficiary under FIN 46R, we would consolidate the commercial paper conduit at that time. Based on current accounting guidance, to the extent that the par value of the assets in Market Street exceeded the fair value of the assets upon consolidation, the difference would be recognized by PNC as a loss in our Consolidated Income Statement in that period. Based on the fair value of the assets held by Market Street at September 30, 2008, the consolidation of Market Street would not have had a material impact on our risk-based capital ratios, credit ratings or debt covenants.
Perpetual Trust Securities
We issue certain hybrid capital vehicles that qualify as capital for regulatory and rating agency purposes.
In February 2008, PNC Preferred Funding LLC (the LLC), one of our indirect subsidiaries, sold $375 million of 8.700% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Exchangeable Perpetual Trust Securities of PNC Preferred Funding Trust III (Trust III) to third parties in a private placement. In connection with the private placement, Trust III acquired $375 million of Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Securities of the LLC (the LLC Preferred Securities). The sale was similar to the March 2007 private placement by the LLC of $500 million of 6.113% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Exchangeable Trust Securities (the Trust II Securities) of PNC Preferred Funding Trust II (Trust II) in which Trust II acquired $500 million of LLC Preferred Securities and to the December 2006 private placement by PNC REIT Corp. of $500 million of 6.517% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Exchangeable Perpetual Trust Securities (the Trust I Securities) of PNC Preferred Funding Trust I (Trust I) in which Trust I acquired $500 million of LLC Preferred Securities.
Each Trust III Security is automatically exchangeable into a share of Series J Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of PNC, each Trust II Security is automatically exchangeable into a share of Series I Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of PNC, and each Trust I Security is automatically exchangeable into a share of Series F Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock of PNC Bank, N.A., in each case under certain conditions relating to the capitalization or the financial condition of PNC Bank, N.A. and upon the direction of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
PNC has contractually committed to each of Trust II and Trust III that if full dividends are not paid in a dividend period on the Trust II Securities or the Trust III Securities, as applicable, or the LLC Preferred Securities held by Trust II or Trust III, as applicable, PNC will not declare or pay dividends with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, any of its equity capital securities during the next succeeding dividend period, other than: (i) purchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock of PNC in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of employees, officers, directors or consultants, (ii) purchases of shares of common stock of PNC pursuant to a contractually binding requirement to buy stock existing prior to the commencement of the extension period, including under a contractually binding stock repurchase plan, (iii) any dividend in connection with the implementation of a shareholders rights plan, or the redemption or repurchase of any rights under any such plan, (iv) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of PNCs capital stock for any other class or series of PNCs capital stock, (v) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of PNC capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such stock or the security being converted or exchanged or (vi) any stock dividends paid by PNC where the dividend stock is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid.
PNC Bank, N.A. has contractually committed to Trust I that if full dividends are not paid in a dividend period on the Trust Securities, LLC Preferred Securities or any other parity equity securities issued by the LLC, neither PNC Bank, N.A. nor its subsidiaries will declare or pay dividends or other distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its equity capital securities during the next succeeding period (other than to holders of the LLC Preferred Securities and any parity equity securities issued by the LLC) except: (i) in the case of dividends payable to subsidiaries of PNC Bank, N.A., to PNC Bank, N.A. or another wholly-owned subsidiary of PNC Bank, N.A. or (ii) in the case of dividends payable to persons that are not subsidiaries of PNC Bank, N.A., to such persons only if, (A) in the case of a cash dividend, PNC has first irrevocably committed to contribute amounts at least equal to such cash dividend or (B) in the case of in-kind dividends payable by PNC REIT Corp., PNC has committed to purchase such in-kind dividend from the applicable PNC REIT Corp. holders in exchange for a cash payment representing the market value
17
of such in-kind dividend, and PNC has committed to contribute such in-kind dividend to PNC Bank, N.A.
PNC Capital Trust E Trust Preferred Securities
In February 2008, PNC Capital Trust E issued $450 million of 7.75% Trust Preferred Securities due March 15, 2068 (the Trust E Securities). PNC Capital Trust Es only assets are $450 million of 7.75% Junior Subordinated Notes due March 15, 2068 and issued by PNC (the JSNs). The Trust E Securities are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by PNC. We may, at our option, redeem the JSNs at 100% of their principal amount on or after March 15, 2013.
In connection with the closing of the Trust E Securities sale, we agreed that, if we have given notice of our election to defer interest payments on the JSNs or a related deferral period is continuing, then PNC would be subject during such period to restrictions on dividends and other provisions protecting the status of the JSN debenture holder similar to or in some ways more restrictive than those potentially imposed under the Exchange Agreements with Trust II and Trust III, as described above. PNC Capital Trusts C and D have similar protective provisions with respect to $500 million in principal amount of junior subordinated debentures.
Acquired Entity Trust Preferred Securities
As a result of the Mercantile, Yardville and Sterling acquisitions, we assumed obligations with respect to $158 million in principal amount of junior subordinated debentures issued by the acquired entities. Under the terms of these debentures, if there is an event of default under the debentures or PNC exercises its right to defer payments on the related trust preferred securities issued by the statutory trusts or there is a default under PNCs guarantee of such payment obligations, PNC would be subject during the period of such default or deferral to restrictions on dividends and other
provisions protecting the status of the debenture holders similar to or in some ways more restrictive than those potentially imposed under the Exchange Agreements with Trust II and Trust III, as described above.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUE OPTION
We adopted SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157), and SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS 159), on January 1, 2008. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Under SFAS 159, we elected to fair value certain commercial mortgage loans classified as held for sale and certain customer resale agreements and bank notes to align the accounting for the changes in the fair value of these financial instruments with the changes in the value of their related hedges. See Note 6 Fair Value in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report for further information.
At September 30, 2008, approximately 27% of our total assets were measured at fair value, consisting primarily of securities and other financial assets. Approximately 2% of our total liabilities were measured at fair value at that date. The corresponding amounts were 27% and 3%, respectively, at June 30, 2008 and were 28% and 4%, respectively, at March 31, 2008.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including instruments for which PNC has elected the fair value option, are summarized below:
Fair Value Measurements Summary
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
In millions | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total Fair Value | ||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||
Securities available for sale |
$ | 7,321 | $ | 22,439 | $ | 1,271 | $ | 31,031 | ||||
Financial derivatives (a) |
27 | 2,387 | 68 | 2,482 | ||||||||
Trading securities (b) |
550 | 1,693 | 30 | 2,273 | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans held for sale (c) |
1,465 | 1,465 | ||||||||||
Customer resale agreements (d) |
1,007 | 1,007 | ||||||||||
Equity investments |
574 | 574 | ||||||||||
Other assets |
204 | 6 | 210 | |||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 7,898 | $ | 27,730 | $ | 3,414 | $ | 39,042 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Financial derivatives (e) |
$ | 36 | $ | 1,891 | $ | 178 | $ | 2,105 | ||||
Trading securities sold short (f) |
522 | 257 | 779 | |||||||||
Other liabilities |
22 | 22 | ||||||||||
Total liabilities |
$ | 558 | $ | 2,170 | $ | 178 | $ | 2,906 |
(a) | Included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
(b) | Included in trading securities and other short-term investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
18
(c) | Included in loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. PNC has elected the fair value option under SFAS 159 for certain commercial mortgage loans held for sale intended for CMBS securitization. |
(d) | Included in federal funds sold and resale agreements on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. PNC has elected the fair value option under SFAS 159 for this item. |
(e) | Included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
(f) | Included in other borrowed funds on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
Valuation Hierarchy
The following is an outline of the valuation methodologies used for measuring fair value under SFAS 157 for the major items above. SFAS 157 focuses on the exit price in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants and establishes a reporting hierarchy to maximize the use of observable inputs. The fair value hierarchy (i.e., Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3) is described in detail in Note 6 Fair Value in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report.
We characterize active markets as those where transaction volumes are sufficient to provide objective pricing information, with reasonably narrow bid/ask spreads and where dealer quotes received do not vary widely. Inactive markets are characterized by low transaction volumes, price quotations which vary substantially among market participants, or in which minimal information is released publicly. We also consider nonperformance risks including credit risk as part of our valuation methodology for all assets measured at fair value. Any models used to determine fair values or to validate dealer quotes based on the descriptions below are subject to review and independent testing as part of our model validation and internal control testing processes. Significant models are tested by our Model Validation Committee on at least an annual basis. In addition, we have teams, independent of the traders, verify marks and assumptions used for valuations at each period end.
Securities
Securities include both the available for sale and trading portfolios. We use prices sourced from pricing services, dealer quotes or recent trades to determine the fair value of securities. Approximately half of our positions are valued using pricing services provided by the Lehman Index and IDC. The Lehman Index is used for the majority of our assets priced using pricing services. Lehman Index prices are set with reference to market activity for highly liquid assets such as agency mortgage-backed securities, and matrix priced for other assets, such as CMBS and asset-backed securities. IDC primarily uses matrix pricing for the instruments we value using this service, such as agency adjustable rate mortgage securities, agency CMOs and municipal bonds. Dealer quotes received are typically non-binding and corroborated with other dealers quotes, by reviewing valuations of comparable instruments, or by comparison to internal valuations. The majority of our securities are classified as Level 1 or Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. In circumstances where market prices are limited or unavailable, valuations may require significant management judgments or adjustments to
determine fair value. In these cases, the securities are classified as Level 3.
The primary valuation technique for securities classified as Level 3 is to identify a proxy security, market transaction or index. The proxy selected generally has similar credit, tenor, duration, pricing and structuring attributes to the PNC position. The price, market spread, or yield on the proxy is then used to calculate an indicative market price for the security. Depending on the nature of the PNC position and its attributes relative to the proxy, management may make additional adjustments to account for market conditions, liquidity, and nonperformance risk, based on various inputs including recent trades of similar assets, single dealer quotes, and/or other observable and unobservable inputs.
Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities
At September 30, 2008, our residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio was comprised of $11.8 billion fair value of US government agency-backed securities (substantially all classified as available for sale) and $9.5 billion fair value of private-issuer securities (substantially all classified as available for sale). The agency securities are generally collateralized by 1-4 family, conforming, fixed-rate residential mortgages. The private-issuer securities are also generally collateralized by 1-4 family residential mortgages. The mortgage loans underlying the private-issuer securities are generally non-conforming (i.e., original balances in excess of the amount qualifying for agency securities) and predominately have interest rates that are fixed for a period of time, after which the rate adjusts to a floating rate based upon a contractual spread that is indexed to a market rate (i.e., a hybrid ARM).
Substantially all of the securities are senior tranches in the subordination structure and have credit protection in the form of credit enhancement, over-collateralization and/or excess spread accounts. Of the total private-issuer securities, approximately 57% are vintage 2005 and earlier, approximately 23% are vintage 2006 and approximately 20% are vintage 2007 and 2008. At September 30, 2008, $9.0 billion, or 95%, of the private-issuer securities were rated AAA equivalents by at least two nationally recognized rating agencies. There were six private-issuer securities totaling $212 million fair value where at least one national rating agency rated the security either BBB or lower equivalent.
For two securities, we recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges of $56 million for the first nine months of 2008, including $49 million in the third quarter. Since September 30, 2008, no significant deterioration in the credit quality assigned to the private-issuer securities has occurred.
19
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
The commercial mortgage-backed securities portfolio was $6.0 billion fair value at September 30, 2008 ($5.5 billion fair value classified as available for sale), and consisted of fixed-rate, private-issuer securities collateralized by non-residential properties, primarily retail properties, office buildings, and multi-family housing. Substantially all of the securities are the most senior tranches in the subordination structure.
Of the total commercial mortgage-backed securities, approximately 49% are vintage 2005 and earlier, approximately 35% are vintage 2006 and approximately 16% are vintage 2007 and 2008. At September 30, 2008, $6.0 billion, or 99%, of the commercial mortgage-backed securities were rated AAA equivalents by at least two nationally recognized rating agencies. There were three commercial mortgage-backed securities totaling $3 million fair value where at least one national rating agency rated the security BBB equivalent.
We have recorded no other-than-temporary impairment charges on commercial mortgage-backed securities to date. Since September 30, 2008, no significant deterioration in the credit quality assigned to the commercial mortgage-backed securities has occurred.
Other Asset-Backed Securities
The asset-backed securities portfolio was $2.9 billion fair value at September 30, 2008 (all classified as available for sale), and consisted of fixed-rate and floating-rate, private-issuer securities collateralized primarily by various consumer credit products, including first-lien residential mortgage loans, credit cards, and automobile loans. Substantially all of the securities are senior tranches in the subordination structure and have credit protection in the form of credit enhancement, over-collateralization and/or excess spread accounts.
Of the total asset-backed securities portfolio, $1.2 billion were collateralized by fixed- and floating-rate first-lien residential mortgage loans. Of the $1.2 billion, approximately 38% are vintage 2005 and earlier, approximately 25% are vintage 2006 and approximately 37% are vintage 2007.
At September 30, 2008, $2.6 billion, or 87%, of the total asset-backed securities were rated AAA equivalents by at least two nationally recognized rating agencies. There were seven asset-backed securities totaling $68 million fair value where at least one national rating agency rated the security BBB or lower equivalent.
For two securities collateralized by first-lien residential mortgage loans, we recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges totaling approximately $9 million for the first nine months of 2008, including $7 million in the third quarter. Since September 30, 2008, no significant deterioration in the credit quality assigned to the other asset-backed securities has occurred.
Financial Derivatives
Exchange-traded derivatives are valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1. However, the majority of derivatives that we enter into are executed over-the-counter and are valued using internal techniques. Readily observable market inputs to these models can be validated to external sources, including industry pricing services, or corroborated through recent trades, dealer quotes, yield curves, implied volatility or other market related data. Certain derivatives, such as total rate of return swaps, are corroborated to the CMBX index. These derivatives are classified as Level 2. Derivatives priced using significant management judgment or assumptions are classified as Level 3. The fair values of our derivatives are adjusted for nonperformance risk including credit risk as appropriate.
Commercial Mortgage Loans and Commitments Held for Sale
This portfolio of loans is held for securitization. Based on the significance of unobservable inputs, we classify this portfolio as Level 3. As such, a synthetic securitization methodology is used to value the loans and the related unfunded commitments on an aggregate basis based upon current commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) market structures and conditions. In light of the lack of securitization transactions in the market during the third quarter of 2008, valuations considered observable inputs based on whole loan sales, both observed in the market and actual sales from our portfolio during the quarter. Adjustments are made to the valuations to account for securitization uncertainties, including the composition of the portfolio, market conditions, and liquidity. Credit risk was included as part of our valuation process for these loans by using expected rates of return for market participants for similar loans in the marketplace.
Equity Investments
The valuation of direct and partnership private equity investments requires significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such investments. The carrying values of direct investments and affiliated partnership interests reflect the expected exit price and are based on various techniques including multiples of adjusted earnings of the entity, independent appraisals, anticipated financing and sale transactions with third parties or the pricing used to value the entity in a recent financing transaction. The limited partnership investments are generally valued based on the financial statements received from the general partner with the underlying investments being valued utilizing techniques similar to those noted above. These investments are classified as Level 3.
20
Level 3 Assets and Liabilities
Under SFAS 157, financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.
Our Level 3 assets and liabilities represented 2% of our total assets and less than 1% of our total liabilities at September 30, 2008, June 30, 2008 and March 31, 2008, respectively.
Assets and liabilities measured using Level 3 inputs represented $3.4 billion or 9% of total assets measured at fair value and $178 million or 6% of total liabilities measured at fair value at September 30, 2008. Assets and liabilities measured using Level 3 inputs represented $3.5 billion or 9% of total assets measured at fair value and $154 million or 4% of total liabilities measured at fair value at June 30, 2008. Assets and liabilities measured using Level 3 inputs represented $2.9 billion or 7% of total assets measured at fair value and $239 million or 5% of total liabilities measured at fair value at March 31, 2008.
For the first nine months of 2008, securities transferred into Level 3 from Level 2 exceeded securities transferred out by $727 million, including $200 million during the third quarter. These primarily related to asset-backed securities, taxable auction rate securities, and residential mortgage-backed securities, and occurred due to reduced volume of recently executed transactions and the lack of corroborating market price quotations for these instruments.
As indicated in the table on page 18, our largest category of Level 3 assets consists of certain commercial mortgage loans held for sale. Other Level 3 assets include private equity investments, private issuer asset-backed securities, auction rate securities, residential mortgage-backed securities and corporate bonds.
Total securities measured at fair value at September 30, 2008 included securities available for sale and trading securities consisting primarily of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities. Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities do not impact liquidity or risk-based capital. However, reductions in the credit ratings of these securities would have an impact on the determination of risk-weighted assets which could reduce our regulatory capital ratios. In addition, other-than-temporary impairments on available for sale securities would reduce our regulatory capital ratios.
21
We have four major businesses engaged in providing banking, asset management and global investment servicing products and services. Business segment results, including inter-segment revenues, and a description of each business are included in Note 16 Segment Reporting included in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1 of this Report. Certain revenue and expense amounts included in this Financial Review differ from the amounts shown in Note 16 primarily due to the presentation in this Financial Review of business net interest revenue on a taxable-equivalent basis and income statement classification differences related to Global Investment Servicing.
Results of individual businesses are presented based on our management accounting practices and management structure. There is no comprehensive, authoritative body of guidance for management accounting equivalent to GAAP; therefore, the financial results of our individual businesses are not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other company. We refine our methodologies from time to time as our management accounting practices are enhanced and our businesses and management structure change. Financial results are presented, to the extent practicable, as if each business operated on a stand-alone basis. As permitted under GAAP, we have aggregated the business results for certain similar operating segments for financial reporting purposes.
Assets receive a funding charge and liabilities and capital receive a funding credit based on a transfer pricing methodology that incorporates product maturities, duration and other factors. Capital is intended to cover unexpected losses and is assigned to the banking and servicing businesses
using our risk-based economic capital model. We have assigned capital equal to 6% of funds to Retail Banking to reflect the capital required for well-capitalized domestic banks and to approximate market comparables for this business. The capital assigned for Global Investment Servicing reflects its legal entity shareholders equity.
We have allocated the allowances for loan and lease losses and unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit based on our assessment of risk inherent in the business segment loan portfolios. Our allocation of the costs incurred by operations and other shared support areas not directly aligned with the businesses is primarily based on the use of services.
Total business segment financial results differ from total consolidated results. The impact of these differences is reflected in the Other category. Other for purposes of this Business Segments Review and the Business Segment Highlights in the Executive Summary includes residual activities that do not meet the criteria for disclosure as a separate reportable business, such as gains or losses related to BlackRock transactions including LTIP share distributions and obligations, earnings and gains or losses related to Hilliard Lyons, integration costs, asset and liability management activities including net securities gains or losses and certain trading activities, equity management activities, differences between business segment performance reporting and financial statement reporting (GAAP), intercompany eliminations, and most corporate overhead.
Employee data as reported by each business segment in the tables that follow reflect staff directly employed by the respective businesses and excludes corporate and shared services employees.
Results Of Businesses Summary
(Unaudited)
Earnings | Revenue | Average Assets (a) | ||||||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30 in millions | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Retail Banking (b) |
$ | 414 | $ | 665 | $ | 2,730 | $ | 2,637 | $ | 46,451 | $ | 40,999 | ||||||
Corporate & Institutional Banking |
208 | 341 | 1,086 | 1,139 | 35,993 | 28,133 | ||||||||||||
BlackRock |
185 | 176 | 244 | 232 | 4,529 | 4,152 | ||||||||||||
Global Investment Servicing (c) (d) |
97 | 96 | 702 | 617 | 4,501 | 2,171 | ||||||||||||
Total business segments |
904 | 1,278 | 4,762 | 4,625 | 91,474 | 75,455 | ||||||||||||
Other (b) (c) (e) |
226 | 11 | 752 | 453 | 50,180 | 44,077 | ||||||||||||
Total consolidated |
$ | 1,130 | $ | 1,289 | $ | 5,514 | $ | 5,078 | $ | 141,654 | $ | 119,532 |
(a) | Period-end balances for BlackRock and Global Investment Servicing. |
(b) | Amounts for the periods presented reflect the reclassification of the results of Hilliard Lyons, which we sold on March 31, 2008, and the related gain on sale, from Retail Banking to Other. |
(c) | For our segment reporting presentation in this Financial Review, after-tax integration costs of $3 million related to Albridge Solutions and Coates Analytics have been reclassified from Global Investment Servicing to Other for the first nine months of 2008. Other for the first nine months of 2008 also includes $60 million of pretax other integration costs while Other for the first nine months of 2007 includes $67 million of pretax integration costs primarily related to Mercantile. |
(d) | Global Investment Servicing revenue represents the sum of servicing revenue and nonoperating income (expense) less debt financing costs. |
(e) | Other average assets are comprised primarily of securities available for sale and residential mortgage loans associated with asset and liability management activities. |
22
RETAIL BANKING (a)
(Unaudited)
Nine months ended September 30 Dollars in millions |
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
INCOME STATEMENT |
||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 1,490 | $ | 1,520 | ||||
Noninterest income |
||||||||
Asset management |
330 | 328 | ||||||
Service charges on deposits |
263 | 251 | ||||||
Brokerage |
114 | 100 | ||||||
Consumer services |
313 | 287 | ||||||
Other |
220 | 151 | ||||||
Total noninterest income |
1,240 | 1,117 | ||||||
Total revenue |
2,730 | 2,637 | ||||||
Provision for credit losses |
350 | 68 | ||||||
Noninterest expense |
1,700 | 1,508 | ||||||
Pretax earnings |
680 | 1,061 | ||||||
Income taxes |
266 | 396 | ||||||
Earnings |
$ | 414 | $ | 665 | ||||
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET |
||||||||
Loans |
||||||||
Consumer |
||||||||
Home equity |
$ | 14,594 | $ | 14,139 | ||||
Indirect |
2,044 | 1,852 | ||||||
Education |
1,762 | 110 | ||||||
Other consumer |
1,724 | 1,456 | ||||||
Total consumer |
20,124 | 17,557 | ||||||
Commercial and commercial real estate |
14,797 | 12,067 | ||||||
Floor plan |
996 | 976 | ||||||
Residential mortgage |
2,407 | 1,821 | ||||||
Other |
66 | 71 | ||||||
Total loans |
38,390 | 32,492 | ||||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
6,085 | 4,659 | ||||||
Loans held for sale |
417 | 1,561 | ||||||
Other assets |
1,559 | 2,287 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 46,451 | $ | 40,999 | ||||
Deposits |
||||||||
Noninterest-bearing demand |
$ | 10,822 | $ | 10,357 | ||||
Interest-bearing demand |
9,487 | 8,776 | ||||||
Money market |
19,049 | 16,599 | ||||||
Total transaction deposits |
39,358 | 35,732 | ||||||
Savings |
2,716 | 2,687 | ||||||
Certificates of deposit |
16,356 | 16,593 | ||||||
Total deposits |
58,430 | 55,012 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
348 | 429 | ||||||
Capital |
3,728 | 3,458 | ||||||
Total funds |
$ | 62,506 | $ | 58,899 | ||||
PERFORMANCE RATIOS |
||||||||
Return on average capital |
15 | % | 26 | % | ||||
Noninterest income to total revenue |
45 | % | 42 | % | ||||
Efficiency |
62 | % | 57 | % | ||||
OTHER INFORMATION (b) (c) |
||||||||
Credit-related statistics: |
||||||||
Commercial nonperforming assets |
$ | 373 | $ | 104 | ||||
Consumer nonperforming assets |
58 | 33 | ||||||
Total nonperforming assets (d) |
$ | 431 | $ | 137 | ||||
Commercial net charge-offs |
$ | 152 | $ | 47 | ||||
Consumer net charge-offs |
89 | 39 | ||||||
Total net charge-offs |
$ | 241 | $ | 86 | ||||
Commercial net charge-off ratio |
1.28 | % | .48 | % | ||||
Consumer net charge-off ratio |
.53 | % | .27 | % | ||||
Total net charge-off ratio |
.84 | % | .35 | % | ||||
Other statistics: |
||||||||
Full-time employees |
11,347 | 10,747 | ||||||
Part-time employees |
2,358 | 2,236 | ||||||
ATMs |
4,018 | 3,870 | ||||||
Branches (e) |
1,142 | 1,072 |
At September 30 Dollars in millions, except where noted |
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
OTHER INFORMATION (CONTINUED) (b) (c) |
||||||||
ASSETS UNDER ADMINISTRATION (in billions) (f) |
|
|||||||
Assets under management |
||||||||
Personal |
$ | 44 | $ | 52 | ||||
Institutional |
19 | 20 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 63 | $ | 72 | ||||
Asset Type |
||||||||
Equity |
$ | 34 | $ | 42 | ||||
Fixed income |
17 | 19 | ||||||
Liquidity/other |
12 | 11 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 63 | $ | 72 | ||||
Nondiscretionary assets under administration |
|
|||||||
Personal |
$ | 28 | $ | 31 | ||||
Institutional |
78 | 81 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 106 | $ | 112 | ||||
Asset Type |
||||||||
Equity |
$ | 44 | $ | 50 | ||||
Fixed income |
25 | 27 | ||||||
Liquidity/other |
37 | 35 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 106 | $ | 112 | ||||
Home equity portfolio credit statistics: |
||||||||
% of first lien positions |
39 | % | 39 | % | ||||
Weighted average loan-to-value ratios (g) |
73 | % | 72 | % | ||||
Weighted average FICO scores (h) |
727 | 726 | ||||||
Annualized net charge-off ratio |
.49 | % | .17 | % | ||||
Loans 90 days past due |
.46 | % | .30 | % | ||||
Checking-related statistics: |
||||||||
Retail Banking checking relationships |
2,431,000 | 2,275,000 | ||||||
Consumer DDA relationships using online banking |
1,213,000 | 1,050,000 | ||||||
% of consumer DDA relationships using online banking |
56 | % | 52 | % | ||||
Consumer DDA relationships using online bill payment |
841,000 | 604,000 | ||||||
% of consumer DDA relationships using online bill payment |
39 | % | 30 | % | ||||
Small business loans and managed deposits: |
|
|||||||
Small business loans |
$ | 13,656 | $ | 13,157 | ||||
Managed deposits: |
||||||||
On-balance sheet |
||||||||
Noninterest-bearing demand |
$ | 6,106 | $ | 6,119 | ||||
Interest-bearing demand |
2,270 | 2,027 | ||||||
Money market |
3,912 | 3,389 | ||||||
Certificates of deposit |
1,077 | 1,070 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet (i) |
||||||||
Small business sweep checking |
3,124 | 2,823 | ||||||
Total managed deposits |
$ | 16,489 | $ | 15,428 | ||||
Brokerage statistics: |
||||||||
Financial consultants (j) |
402 | 359 | ||||||
Full service brokerage offices |
23 | 24 | ||||||
Brokerage account assets (billions) |
$ | 16 | $ | 19 |
(a) | Information for all periods presented excludes the impact of Hilliard Lyons, which was sold on March 31, 2008, and whose results have been reclassified to Other. |
(b) | Presented as of September 30 except for net charge-offs and annualized net charge-off ratios. |
(c) | Amounts include the impact of Mercantile, which we acquired effective March 2, 2007. Amounts as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 include the impact of Yardville. Amounts subsequent to April 4, 2008 include the impact of Sterling. |
(d) | Includes nonperforming loans of $416 million at September 30, 2008 and $127 million at September 30, 2007. |
(e) | Excludes certain satellite branches that provide limited products and service hours. |
(f) | Excludes brokerage account assets. |
(g) | Calculated as of origination date. |
(h) | Represents the most recent FICO scores we have on file. |
(i) | Represents small business balances. These balances are swept into liquidity products managed by other PNC business segments, the majority of which are off-balance sheet. |
(j) | Financial consultants provide services in full service brokerage offices and PNC traditional branches. |
23
Retail Bankings earnings were $414 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $665 million for the same period in 2007. The 38% decline in earnings over the prior year was primarily driven by increases in the provision for credit losses and expenses.
Highlights of Retail Bankings performance during the first nine months of 2008 include the following:
| Retail Banking expanded the number of customers it serves, accelerating growth in checking relationships. Total checking relationships increased by a net 156,000 since September 30, 2007, which includes both the conversion of Yardville and Sterling accounts and the addition of 68,000 new consumer and business relationships through organic growth. |
| Small business and consumer-related checking relationships retention remained strong and stable. |
| Our investment in online banking capabilities continued to pay off. Since September 30, 2007, the percentage of consumer checking households using online bill payment increased from 30% to 39%. We continue to seek customer growth by expanding our use of technology, such as the recent launch of our Virtual Wallet online banking product. |
| PNC continued to invest in the branch network. In the first nine months of 2008, we opened 12 new branches, consolidated 44 branches, and acquired 65 branches for a total of 1,142 branches at September 30, 2008. We continue to work to optimize our network by opening new branches in high growth areas, relocating branches to areas of higher market opportunity, and consolidating branches in areas of declining opportunity. We relocated 7 branches during the first nine months of 2008. |
| Asset quality continued to migrate and credit costs increased, however overall asset quality continued to be manageable in a challenging economic and credit environment. |
| The commercial loan portfolios experienced areas of softness driven by credit migration of portfolios primarily in Maryland, Virginia, and New Jersey related to residential real estate development and related sectors. The residential real estate development portfolio represented approximately 1% of our total loans at September 30, 2008. |
| On the consumer side, our largest position at September 30, 2008 was in home equity loans. This nearly $15 billion portfolio is comprised of 39 percent first-lien positions, 93% of the portfolio is in our footprint, and our strategy did not involve targeting the subprime market. |
In October 2008 we announced an exclusive agreement under which we will provide banking services in Giant Food LLC supermarket locations across Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and the District of Columbia. In 2009, we expect to open approximately 41 new in-store branches and install
approximately 180 ATMs. Additional locations are expected to open in subsequent years.
Total revenue for the first nine months of 2008 was $2.730 billion, a 4% increase compared with $2.637 billion for the same period in 2007. Net interest income of $1.490 billion decreased $30 million, or 2%, compared with the first nine months of 2007. This decline was primarily driven by a lower value attributed to deposits in the declining rate environment partially offset by benefits from acquisitions.
Noninterest income increased $123 million, or 11%, compared with the first nine months of 2007. This growth was attributed primarily to the following:
| A gain of $95 million from the redemption of a portion of our Visa Class B common shares related to Visas March 2008 initial public offering, |
| The Mercantile, Yardville and Sterling acquisitions, |
| Increased volume-related consumer fees including debit card, credit card, and merchant revenue, and |
| Increased brokerage account activities. |
The Market Risk Management Equity and Other Investment Risk section of this Financial Review includes further information regarding Visa.
The provision for credit losses for the first nine months of 2008 was $350 million compared to $68 million for the same period last year. Net charge-offs were $241 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $86 million in the first nine months of 2007. The increases in provision and net charge-offs were primarily a result of the following:
| Aligning small business and consumer loan charge-off policies, |
| Downward credit migration of commercial loan portfolios primarily in Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey related to residential real estate development and related sectors, and |
| Increased levels of charge-offs given the current credit environment. |
Based upon the current environment, we believe the provision and nonperforming assets will continue to increase in 2008 versus 2007 levels.
Noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2008 totaled $1.700 billion, an increase of $192 million compared with the same period in 2007. Approximately 74% of this increase was attributable to acquisitions, and continued investments in the business such as the branch network and innovation.
Full-time employees at September 30, 2008 totaled 11,347, an increase of 600 over the prior year. Part-time employees have increased by 122 since September 30, 2007. The increase in full-time and part-time employees was primarily the result of the Yardville and Sterling acquisitions.
24
Growing core checking deposits as a lower-cost funding source and as the cornerstone product to build customer relationships is the primary objective of our deposit strategy. Furthermore, core checking accounts are critical to our strategy of expanding our payments business. Average total deposits increased $3.4 billion, or 6%, compared with the first nine months of 2007.
| Average money market deposits increased $2.5 billion, and average certificates of deposits declined $.2 billion. Money market deposits experienced core growth and both deposit categories benefited from the acquisitions. The decline in certificates of deposits was a result of a focus on relationship customers rather than pursuing higher-rate single service customers. The decline is being driven by the attrition of higher-rate single service certificates of deposits in our newly acquired markets. The deposit strategy of Retail Banking is to remain disciplined on pricing, target specific products and markets for growth, and focus on the retention and growth of balances for relationship customers. |
| Average demand deposit growth of $1.2 billion, or 6%, was almost solely due to acquisitions as organic growth was impacted by current economic conditions, such as lower average balances per account. |
Currently, we are focused on a relationship-based lending strategy that targets specific customer sectors (homeowners, small businesses and auto dealerships) while seeking to maintain a moderate risk profile in the loan portfolio.
| Average commercial and commercial real estate loans grew $2.7 billion, or 23%, compared with the first nine months of 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to acquisitions. Organic loan growth reflecting the strength of increased small business loan demand from existing customers and the acquisition of new relationships through our sales efforts was also a factor in the increase. At September 30, 2008, commercial and commercial real estate loans totaled $14.6 billion. This portfolio included $3.3 billion of commercial real estate loans, of which approximately $2.6 billion were related to our expansion from acquisitions into the greater Maryland and Washington, DC markets. Approximately $.5 billion of the commercial real estate loans were in residential real estate development. |
| Average home equity loans grew $455 million, or 3%, compared with the first nine months of 2007 primarily due to acquisitions. Consumer loan growth has slowed as a result of lower demand from our customers as well as tightening of credit standards. Our home equity loan portfolio is relationship based, with 93% of the portfolio attributable to borrowers in our primary geographic footprint. We monitor this portfolio closely and the nonperforming assets and charge-offs that we have experienced are within our expectations given current market conditions. |
| Average education loans grew $1.7 billion compared with the first nine months of 2007. The increase was primarily the result of the transfer of approximately $1.8 billion of education loans previously held for sale to the loan portfolio during the first quarter of 2008. The Loans Held For Sale portion of the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Financial Review includes additional information related to this transfer. |
| Average residential mortgage loans increased $586 million primarily due to the addition of loans from acquisitions. |
Assets under management of $63 billion at September 30, 2008 decreased $9 billion compared with the balance at September 30, 2007. The decline in assets under management was primarily due to comparatively lower equity markets and the effects of the divestiture of a Mercantile asset management subsidiary during the fourth quarter of 2007, partially offset by the Sterling acquisition and positive net inflows. New business sales efforts and new client acquisition and growth were ahead of our expectations.
Nondiscretionary assets under administration of $106 billion at September 30, 2008 decreased $6 billion compared with the balance at September 30, 2007. This decline was primarily driven by comparatively lower equity markets partially offset by the Sterling acquisition and positive net inflows.
25
CORPORATE & INSTITUTIONAL BANKING
(Unaudited)
Nine months ended September 30 Dollars in millions except as noted |
2008 | 2007 | |||||
INCOME STATEMENT |
|||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 745 | $ | 581 | |||
Noninterest income |
|||||||
Corporate service fees |
427 | 427 | |||||
Other |
(86 | ) | 131 | ||||
Noninterest income |
341 | 558 | |||||
Total revenue |
1,086 | 1,139 | |||||
Provision for credit losses |
152 | 56 | |||||
Noninterest expense |
661 | 596 | |||||
Pretax earnings |
273 | 487 | |||||
Income taxes |
65 | 146 | |||||
Earnings |
$ | 208 | $ | 341 | |||
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET |
|||||||
Loans |
|||||||
Corporate (a) |
$ | 11,945 | $ | 9,647 | |||
Commercial real estate |
5,510 | 4,207 | |||||
Commercial real estate related |
2,924 | 2,304 | |||||
Asset-based lending |
5,179 | 4,542 | |||||
Total loans (a) |
25,558 | 20,700 | |||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
2,230 | 1,828 | |||||
Loans held for sale |
2,172 | 1,164 | |||||
Other assets |
6,033 | 4,441 | |||||
Total assets |
$ | 35,993 | $ | 28,133 | |||
Deposits |
|||||||
Noninterest-bearing demand |
$ | 7,451 | $ | 7,120 | |||
Money market |
5,197 | 4,716 | |||||
Other |
2,183 | 1,160 | |||||
Total deposits |
14,831 | 12,996 | |||||
Other liabilities |
5,237 | 2,974 | |||||
Capital |
2,533 | 2,081 | |||||
Total funds |
$ | 22,601 | $ | 18,051 |
(a) | Includes lease financing. |
Corporate & Institutional Banking earned $208 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $341 million in the first nine months of 2007. Earnings in 2008 were impacted by pretax valuation losses of $238 million on commercial mortgage loans held for sale. Increases in the provision for credit losses and noninterest expenses were offset by higher net interest income.
Nine months ended September 30 Dollars in millions except as noted |
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
PERFORMANCE RATIOS |
||||||||
Return on average capital |
11 | % | 22 | % | ||||
Noninterest income to total revenue |
31 | 49 | ||||||
Efficiency |
61 | 52 | ||||||
COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE SERVICING PORTFOLIO (in billions) |
||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 243 | $ | 200 | ||||
Acquisitions/additions |
23 | 80 | ||||||
Repayments/transfers |
(19 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||
End of period |
$ | 247 | $ | 244 | ||||
OTHER INFORMATION |
||||||||
Consolidated revenue from: (a) |
||||||||
Treasury Management |
$ | 403 | $ | 345 | ||||
Capital Markets |
$ | 260 | $ | 216 | ||||
Commercial mortgage securitizations and valuations (b) |
$ | (153 | ) | $ | 31 | |||
Commercial mortgage loan servicing (c) |
161 | 175 | ||||||
Total commercial mortgage banking activities |
$ | 8 | $ | 206 | ||||
Total loans (d) |
$ | 28,232 | $ | 22,455 | ||||
Nonperforming assets (d) (e) |
$ | 391 | $ | 141 | ||||
Net charge-offs |
$ | 89 | $ | 31 | ||||
Full-time employees (d) |
2,305 | 2,267 | ||||||
Net carrying amount of commercial |
$ | 698 | $ | 708 |
(a) | Represents consolidated PNC amounts. |
(b) | Includes valuations on commercial mortgage loans held for sale and related commitments, derivative valuations, origination fees, gains on sale of loans held for sale and net interest income on loans held for sale. |
(c) | Includes net interest income and noninterest income from loan servicing and ancillary services. |
(d) | At September 30. |
(e) | Includes nonperforming loans of $387 million at September 30, 2008 and $119 million at September 30, 2007. |
| Net interest income grew $164 million, or 28%, in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007. The increase over the prior year was primarily a result of acquisitions, organic loan growth and an increase in commercial mortgage loans held for sale. |
| Corporate service fees were unchanged compared with the prior year first nine months, at $427 million. Increases in treasury management, structured finance and syndication fees were offset by decreases in merger and acquisition advisory fees and mortgage servicing fees, net of amortization. |
| Other noninterest income was negative $86 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with income of $131 million in the first nine months of 2007. The first nine months of 2008 included valuation losses of $238 million on commercial mortgage loans held for sale. These valuation losses reflect the illiquid market conditions and are non-cash losses. As previously reported, PNC adopted SFAS 159 beginning January 1, 2008 and elected to account for its loans held for sale and intended for securitization at fair value. We stopped originating these loans during the first quarter of 2008. We intend to continue pursuing opportunities to reduce our loans held for sale position at appropriate prices. |
26
Through the first nine months of 2008, we sold and securitized $.6 billion of commercial mortgage loans held for sale carried at fair value. Excluding the impact of these valuation losses, other income increased approximately 16% due to higher interest rate derivative and foreign exchange trading revenue from customer activity.
| Noninterest expense increased $65 million, or 11%, compared with the first nine months of 2007. The increase was primarily due to the impact of the ARCS Commercial Mortgage and Mercantile acquisitions, expenses associated with revenue-related activities, growth initiatives mainly in treasury management, higher passive losses associated with low income housing tax credit investments, and write-downs of other real estate owned. |
| The provision for credit losses was $152 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared with $56 million in the first nine months of 2007. The increase in the provision compared with the year-ago period was primarily due to credit quality migration mainly related to residential real estate development and related sectors along with growth in total credit exposure. Nonperforming assets increased $250 million in the comparison. The largest component of the increase was in commercial real estate and commercial real estate related loans. Based upon the current environment, we believe the provision will continue to increase in 2008 versus 2007 levels. |
| Average loan balances increased $4.9 billion, or 23%, from the prior year period. The increase in corporate and commercial real estate loans resulted from higher utilization of credit facilities, organic growth from new and existing clients, and the impact of the Mercantile and Yardville acquisitions. |
| Average deposit balances increased $1.8 billion, or 14%, compared with the first nine months of 2007. The increase resulted primarily from higher time deposits and the impact of acquisitions. |
| The commercial mortgage servicing portfolio was $247 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of $3 billion from September 30, 2007. Servicing portfolio additions have been modest over the past 12 months due to the declining volumes in the commercial mortgage securitization market. |
| Average other assets and other liabilities increased $1.6 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively. These increases were due to customer driven trading and related hedging transactions. In addition, an increase in customer driven money management activities contributed to the higher other liabilities balance. |
See the additional revenue discussion regarding treasury management, capital markets-related products and services, and commercial mortgage banking activities on page 10.
27
BLACKROCK
Our BlackRock business segment earned $185 million in the first nine months of 2008 and $176 million in the first nine months of 2007. These results reflect our approximately 33% share of BlackRocks reported GAAP earnings and the additional income taxes on these earnings incurred by PNC.
Our investment in BlackRock was $4.3 billion at September 30, 2008 and $4.1 billion at December 31, 2007. Based upon BlackRocks closing market price of $194.50 per common share at September 30, 2008, the market value of our investment in BlackRock was $8.4 billion at that date. As such, an additional $4.1 billion of pretax value was not recognized in our equity investment or shareholders equity account at that date.
BLACKROCK LTIP PROGRAMS
BlackRock adopted the 2002 LTIP program to help attract and retain qualified professionals. At that time, PNC agreed to transfer up to four million of the shares of BlackRock common stock then held by us to help fund the 2002 LTIP and future programs approved by BlackRocks board of directors, subject to certain conditions and limitations. Prior to 2006, BlackRock granted awards of approximately $233 million under the 2002 LTIP program, of which approximately $208 million were paid on January 30, 2007. The award payments were funded by 17% in cash from BlackRock and approximately one million shares of BlackRock common stock transferred by PNC and distributed to LTIP participants. We recognized a pretax gain of $82 million in the first quarter of 2007 from the transfer of BlackRock shares. The gain was included in other noninterest income and reflected the excess
of market value over book value of the one million shares transferred in January 2007. Additional BlackRock shares were distributed to LTIP participants during the first quarter of 2008, resulting in a $3 million pretax gain in other noninterest income.
BlackRock granted awards in 2007 under an additional LTIP program, all of which are subject to achieving earnings performance goals prior to the vesting date of September 29, 2011. Of the shares of BlackRock common stock that we have agreed to transfer to fund their LTIP programs, approximately 1.6 million shares have been committed to fund the awards vesting in 2011 and the amount remaining would then be available for future awards.
PNCs noninterest income for the first nine months of 2008 included a $66 million pretax gain related to our commitment to fund additional BlackRock LTIP programs. This gain represented the mark-to-market adjustment related to our remaining BlackRock LTIP shares obligation as of September 30, 2008 and resulted from the decrease in the market value of BlackRock common shares for the first nine months of 2008. In the first nine months of 2007, we recognized a pretax charge of $81 million for an increase in the market value of BlackRock common shares for that period.
We may continue to see volatility in earnings as we mark to market our LTIP shares obligation each quarter end. However, additional gains based on the difference between the market value and the book value of the committed BlackRock common shares will generally not be recognized until the shares are distributed to LTIP participants.
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GLOBAL INVESTMENT SERVICING
(Unaudited)
Nine months ended September 30 Dollars in millions except as noted |
2008 | 2007 | ||||
INCOME STATEMENT |
||||||
Servicing revenue (a) |
$725 | $640 | ||||
Operating expense (a) |
554 | 470 | ||||
Operating income |
171 | 170 | ||||
Debt financing |
26 | 28 | ||||
Nonoperating income (b) |
3 | 5 | ||||
Pretax earnings |
148 | 147 | ||||
Income taxes |
51 | 51 | ||||
Earnings |
$97 | $96 | ||||
PERIOD-END BALANCE SHEET |
||||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets |
$1,306 | $1,002 | ||||
Other assets |
3,195 | 1,169 | ||||
Total assets |
$4,501 | $2,171 | ||||
Debt financing |
$885 | $702 | ||||
Other liabilities |
2,927 | 878 | ||||
Shareholders equity |
689 | 591 | ||||
Total funds |
$4,501 | $2,171 | ||||
PERFORMANCE RATIOS |
||||||
Return on average equity |
20 | % | 24 | % | ||
Operating margin (c) |
24 | 27 | ||||
SERVICING STATISTICS (at September 30) |
||||||
Accounting/administration net fund assets |
||||||
Domestic |
$806 | $806 | ||||
Offshore |
101 | 116 | ||||
Total |
$907 | $922 | ||||
Asset type (in billions) |
||||||
Money market |
$387 | $328 | ||||
Equity |
308 | 377 | ||||
Fixed income |
116 | 117 | ||||
Other |
96 | 100 | ||||
Total |
$907 | $922 | ||||
Custody fund assets (in billions) |
$415 | $497 | ||||
Shareholder accounts (in millions) |
||||||
Transfer agency |
17 | 19 | ||||
Subaccounting |
56 | 51 | ||||
Total |
73 | 70 | ||||
OTHER INFORMATION |
||||||
Full-time employees (at September 30) |
4,969 | 4,504 |
(a) | Certain out-of-pocket expense items which are then client billable are included in both servicing revenue and operating expense above, but offset each other entirely and therefore have no net effect on operating income. Distribution revenue and expenses which relate to 12b-1 fees that are received from certain fund clients for the payment of marketing, sales and service expenses also entirely offset each other, but are netted for presentation purposes above. |
(b) | Net of nonoperating expense. |
(c) | Total operating income divided by servicing revenue. |
(d) | Includes alternative investment net assets serviced. |
Global Investment Servicing, formerly PFPC, earned $97 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $96 million for the first nine months of 2007. While servicing revenue growth of 13% was realized through new business, organic growth, and the completion of two acquisitions in December 2007, increased costs related to this growth and the acquisitions largely offset the increase.
Highlights of Global Investment Servicings performance for the first nine months of 2008 included:
| Initiatives in the offshore arena resulted in a 27% increase in servicing revenue. However, assets serviced decreased by 13% as a direct result of the unsettled global equity markets and the resultant high redemption activity. |
| Subaccounting shareholder accounts rose by 5 million, or 10%, to 56 million, as existing clients continued to convert additional fund families to this platform. Global Investment Servicing remained a leading provider of subaccounting services. |
| Total accounting/administration funds serviced increased 12% over the prior year. However, assets serviced decreased 2% due to declines in major stock market indices over the same time frame. |
Servicing revenue for the first nine months of 2008 reached $725 million, an increase of $85 million, or 13%, over the first nine months of 2007. This increase resulted primarily from the acquisitions of Albridge Solutions Inc. and Coates Analytics, LP in December 2007, growth in offshore operations, and increased securities lending business afforded by the volatility in the markets.
Operating expense increased $84 million, or 18%, to $554 million, in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the first nine months of 2007. Investments in technology, a larger employee base to support business growth, and costs related to the recent acquisitions drove the higher expense level.
Total assets serviced by Global Investment Servicing amounted to $2.3 trillion at September 30, 2008 compared with $2.5 trillion at September 30, 2007. The decline in assets serviced is a direct result of global market declines and massive disruption of the US money markets.
29
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND JUDGMENTS
Note 1 Accounting Policies in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report and in Part II, Item 8 of our 2007 Form 10-K describe the most significant accounting policies that we use. Certain of these policies require us to make estimates and strategic or economic assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate or subject to variations that may significantly affect our reported results and financial position for the period or in future periods.
We must use estimates, assumptions, and judgments when financial assets and liabilities are measured and reported at fair value. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value inherently result in a higher degree of financial statement volatility. Fair values and the information used to record valuation adjustments for certain assets and liabilities are based on quoted market prices and/or other observable inputs provided by independent third-party sources, when available. When such third-party information is not available, we estimate fair value primarily by using cash flow and other financial modeling techniques utilizing assumptions such as credit quality, liquidity, interest rates and other relevant inputs. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions, or estimates in any of these areas could materially impact our future financial condition and results of operations. See Fair Value Measurements And Fair Value Option in this Financial Review for a description of fair value measurement under SFAS 157.
We discuss the following critical accounting policies and judgments under this same heading in Item 7 of our 2007 Form 10-K:
| Allowances For Loan And Lease Losses And Unfunded Loan Commitments And Letters of Credit |
| Private Equity Asset Valuation |
| Lease Residuals |
| Goodwill |
| Revenue Recognition |
| Income Taxes |
Additional information regarding these policies is found elsewhere in this Financial Review and in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.
In addition, see Note 1 Accounting Policies in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements regarding our adoption in the first quarter of 2008 of the following:
| EITF Issue 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements, |
| SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements, |
| SFAS 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115, and |
| SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109 |
STATUS OF QUALIFIED DEFINED BENEFIT PENSION PLAN
We have a noncontributory, qualified defined benefit pension plan ("plan" or "pension plan") covering eligible employees. Benefits are derived from a cash balance formula based on compensation levels, age and length of service. Pension contributions are based on an actuarially determined amount necessary to fund total benefits payable to plan participants. Consistent with our investment strategy, plan assets are primarily invested in equity investments and fixed income instruments. Plan fiduciaries determine and review the plans investment policy, which is described more fully in Note 17 Employee Benefit Plans in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part II, Item 8 of our 2007 Form 10-K.
We calculate the expense associated with the pension plan in accordance with SFAS 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions," and we use assumptions and methods that are compatible with the requirements of SFAS 87, including a policy of reflecting trust assets at their fair market value. On an annual basis, we review the actuarial assumptions related to the pension plan, including the discount rate, the rate of compensation increase and the expected return on plan assets.
The discount rate and compensation increase assumptions do not significantly affect pension expense. However, the expected long-term return on assets assumption does significantly affect pension expense. The expected long-term return on plan assets for determining net periodic pension cost for 2008 was 8.25%, unchanged from 2007. Under current accounting rules, the difference between expected long-term returns and actual returns is accumulated and amortized to pension expense over future periods. Each one percentage point difference in actual return compared with our expected return causes expense in subsequent years to change by up to $4 million as the impact is amortized into results of operations.
The table below reflects the estimated effects on pension expense of certain changes in annual assumptions, using 2008 estimated expense as a baseline.
Change in Assumption | Estimated (In millions) | ||
.5% decrease in discount rate |
$ | 1 | |
.5% decrease in expected long-term return on assets |
$ | 10 | |
.5% increase in compensation rate |
$ | 2 |
30
We currently estimate a pretax pension benefit of $32 million in 2008 compared with a pretax benefit of $30 million in 2007.
Our pension plan contribution requirements are not particularly sensitive to actuarial assumptions. Investment performance has the most impact on contribution requirements and will drive the amount of permitted contributions in future years. Also, current law, including the provisions of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, sets limits as to both minimum and maximum contributions to the plan. In any event, any contributions to the plan in the near term will be at our discretion, as we expect that the minimum required contributions under the law will be zero for 2008.
We maintain other defined benefit plans that have a less significant effect on financial results, including various nonqualified supplemental retirement plans for certain employees.
We encounter risks as part of the normal course of our business and we design risk management processes to help manage these risks. The Risk Management section included in Item 7 of our 2007 Form 10-K provides a general overview of the risk measurement, control strategies and monitoring aspects of our corporate-level risk management processes. Additionally, our 2007 Form 10-K provides an analysis of the risk management processes for what we view as our primary areas of risk: credit, operational, liquidity and market, as well as a discussion of our use of financial derivatives as part of our overall asset and liability risk management process. The following updates our 2007 Form 10-K disclosures in these areas.
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT
Credit risk represents the possibility that a customer, counterparty or issuer may not perform in accordance with contractual terms. Credit risk is inherent in the financial services business and results from extending credit to customers, purchasing securities, and entering into financial derivative transactions and certain guarantee contracts. Credit risk is one of our most significant risks.
Nonperforming, Past Due And Potential Problem Assets
We continued to experience credit deterioration, although at a manageable pace, and overall asset quality performed as anticipated in the challenging environment during the first nine months of 2008. We remained focused on maintaining a moderate risk profile.
Nonperforming Assets by Type
In millions | Sept. 30 2008 |
December 31 2007 | ||||
Nonaccrual loans |
||||||
Commercial |
||||||
Retail/wholesale |
$ | 72 | $ | 39 | ||
Manufacturing |
45 | 35 | ||||
Other service providers |
76 | 48 | ||||
Real estate related (a) |
92 | 45 | ||||
Financial services |
15 | 15 | ||||
Health care |
8 | 4 | ||||
Other |
5 | 7 | ||||
Total commercial |
313 | 193 | ||||
Commercial real estate |
||||||
Real estate projects |
391 | 184 | ||||
Mortgage |
49 | 28 | ||||
Total commercial real estate |
440 | 212 | ||||
Consumer |
25 | 17 | ||||
Residential mortgage (b) |
60 | 27 | ||||
Lease financing |
3 | 3 | ||||
Total nonaccrual loans (b) |
841 | 452 | ||||
Restructured loans |
2 | |||||
Total nonperforming loans (b) |
841 | 454 | ||||
Foreclosed and other assets |
||||||
Residential mortgage |
19 | 10 | ||||
Consumer |
10 | 8 | ||||
Commercial lending |
5 | 23 | ||||
Total foreclosed and other assets |
34 | 41 | ||||
Total nonperforming |
$ | 875 | $ | 495 |
(a) | Includes loans related to customers in the real estate and construction industries. |
(b) | We have adjusted the December 31, 2007 amounts to be consistent with the current methodology for recognizing nonaccrual residential mortgage loans serviced under master servicing arrangements. |
(c) | Excludes equity management assets carried at estimated fair value of $34 million at September 30, 2008 and $4 million at December 31, 2007. |
(d) | Excludes loans held for sale carried at lower of cost or market value of $38 million at September 30, 2008 (amount includes troubled debt restructured assets of $7 million) and $25 million at December 31, 2007. |
Total nonperforming assets at September 30, 2008 increased $380 million, to $875 million, from the balance at December 31, 2007. Our nonperforming assets represented .60% of total assets at September 30, 2008 compared with .36% at December 31, 2007. The increase in nonperforming assets reflected higher nonaccrual residential real estate development loans and loans in related sectors.
The amount of nonperforming loans that was current as to principal and interest was $298 million at September 30, 2008 and $178 million at December 31, 2007.
See Note 5 Asset Quality in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Report and included here by reference for details of the types of nonperforming assets that we held at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. In addition, certain performing assets have interest payments that are past due or have the potential for future repayment problems.
31
Changes In Nonperforming Assets
In millions | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
January 1 |
$ | 495 | $ | 184 | ||||
Transferred from accrual |
989 | 311 | ||||||
Acquisition (a) |
9 | 35 | ||||||
Charge-offs and valuation adjustments |
(307 | ) | (94 | ) | ||||
Principal activity including payoffs |
(220 | ) | (115 | ) | ||||
Returned to performing |
(77 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||
Asset sales |
(14 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
September 30 |
$ | 875 | $ | 301 |
(a) | Sterling in 2008 and Mercantile in 2007. |
Accruing Loans Past Due 90 Days Or More
Amount | Percent of Total Outstandings |
|||||||||||
Dollars in millions | Sept. 30 2008 |
Dec. 31 2007 |
Sept. 30 2008 |
Dec. 31 2007 |
||||||||
Commercial |
$ | 37 | $ | 14 | .11 | % | .05 | % | ||||
Commercial real estate |
22 | 18 | .23 | .20 | ||||||||
Consumer |
73 | 49 | .34 | .27 | ||||||||
Residential mortgage |
45 | 43 | .51 | .45 | ||||||||
Lease Financing |
2 | .08 | ||||||||||
Other |
13 | 12 | 4.36 | 2.91 | ||||||||
Total loans |
$ | 192 | $ | 136 | .26 | .20 |
Loans that are not included in nonperforming or past due categories but cause us to be uncertain about the borrowers ability to comply with existing repayment terms over the next six months totaled $329 million at September 30, 2008 compared with $134 million at December 31, 2007.
Allowances For Loan And Lease Losses And Unfunded Loan Commitments And Letters Of Credit
We maintain an allowance for loan and lease losses to absorb losses from the loan portfolio. We determine the allowance based on quarterly assessments of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. While we make allocations to specific loans and pools of loans, the total reserve is available for all loan and lease losses.
We refer you to Note 5 Asset Quality in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Report regarding changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses and changes in the allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit for additional information which is included herein by reference.
Allocation Of Allowance For Loan And Lease Losses
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||
Dollars in millions | Allowance | Loans to Total Loans |
Allowance | Loans to Total Loans |
||||||||
Commercial |
$ | 674 | 43.0 | % | $ | 560 | 41.8 | % | ||||
Commercial real estate |
228 | 12.9 | 153 | 13.0 | ||||||||
Consumer |
109 | 28.6 | 68 | 26.9 | ||||||||
Residential mortgage |
12 | 11.6 | 9 | 14.0 | ||||||||
Lease financing |
26 | 3.5 | 36 | 3.7 | ||||||||
Other |
4 | .4 | 4 | .6 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,053 | 100.0 | % | $ | 830 | 100.0 | % |
In addition to the allowance for loan and lease losses, we maintain an allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit. We report this allowance as a liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. We determine this amount using estimates of the probability of the ultimate funding and losses related to those credit exposures. This methodology is similar to the one we use for determining the adequacy of our allowance for loan and lease losses.
The provision for credit losses totaled $527 million for the first nine months of 2008 and $127 million for the first nine months of 2007. The higher provision in the first nine months of 2008 compared with the prior year period was driven by general credit quality migration, especially in the residential real estate development portion of our commercial real estate portfolio and related sectors. See the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Financial Review for further information. In addition, the provision for credit losses for the first nine months of 2008 and the evaluation of the allowances for loan and lease losses and unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit as of September 30, 2008 reflected loan and total credit exposure growth, changes in loan portfolio composition, and other changes in asset quality. The provision includes amounts for probable losses on loans and credit exposure related to unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit.
Our planned acquisition of National City may result in an additional provision for credit losses, which would be recorded at closing, to conform the National City loan reserving methodology with ours. Given this transaction and continued credit deterioration, management is no longer in a position to provide guidance for the provision for credit losses for full year 2008.
The allowance as a percent of nonperforming loans was 125% and as a percent of total loans was 1.40% at September 30, 2008. The comparable percentages at December 31, 2007 were 183% and 1.21%. We expect to continue to increase our allowance as a percent of total loans as the market and our credit quality migration dictates.
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Charge-Offs And Recoveries
Nine months ended Dollars in millions |
Charge- offs |
Recoveries | Net Charge- offs |
Percent of Average Loans |
||||||||
2008 |
||||||||||||
Commercial |
$ | 192 | $ | 40 | $ | 152 | .67 | % | ||||
Consumer |
100 | 11 | 89 | .59 | ||||||||
Commercial real estate |
95 | 7 | 88 | 1.26 | ||||||||
Residential mortgage |
2 | 2 | .03 | |||||||||
Lease financing |
2 | 1 | 1 | .05 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 391 | $ | 59 | $ | 332 | .62 | |||||
2007 |
||||||||||||
Commercial |
$ | 96 | $ | 20 | $ | 76 | .41 | % | ||||
Consumer |
49 | 11 | 38 | .29 | ||||||||
Commercial real estate |
4 | 1 | 3 | .06 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 149 | $ | 32 | $ | 117 | .26 |
We establish reserves to provide coverage for probable losses not considered in the specific, pool and consumer reserve methodologies, such as, but not limited to, the following:
| industry concentrations and conditions, |
| credit quality trends, |
| recent loss experience in particular sectors of the portfolio, |
| ability and depth of lending management, |
| changes in risk selection and underwriting standards, and |
| timing of available information. |
The amount of reserves for these qualitative factors is assigned to loan categories and to business segments primarily based on the relative specific and pool allocation amounts. The amount of reserve allocated for qualitative factors represented 0.8% of the total allowance and .01% of total loans, net of unearned income, at September 30, 2008.
CREDIT DEFAULT SWAPS
From a credit risk management perspective, we buy and sell credit loss protection via the use of credit derivatives. When we buy loss protection by purchasing a credit default swap (CDS), we pay a fee to the seller, or CDS counterparty, in return for the right to receive a payment if a specified credit event occurs for a particular obligor or reference entity. We purchase CDSs to mitigate the risk of economic loss on a portion of our loan exposures.
We also sell loss protection to mitigate the net premium cost and the impact of fair value accounting on the CDS in cases where we buy protection to hedge the loan portfolio and to take proprietary trading positions. These activities represent additional risk positions rather than hedges of risk.
We approve counterparty credit lines for all of our trading activities, including CDSs. Counterparty credit lines are approved based on a review of credit quality in accordance with our traditional credit quality standards and credit policies.
The credit risk of our counterparties is monitored in the normal course of business. In addition, all counterparty credit lines are subject to collateral thresholds and exposures above these thresholds are secured.
Credit default swaps are included in the Free-Standing Derivatives table in the Financial Derivatives section of this Risk Management discussion. Net gains from credit default swaps for proprietary trading positions, reflected in other noninterest income in our Consolidated Income Statement, totaled $11 million for the first nine months of 2008 compared with $16 million for the first nine months of 2007.
LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT
Liquidity risk is the risk of potential loss if we were unable to meet our funding requirements at a reasonable cost. We manage liquidity risk to help ensure that we can obtain cost-effective funding to meet current and future obligations under both normal business as usual and stressful circumstances.
Our largest source of liquidity on a consolidated basis is the deposit base that comes from our retail and corporate and institutional banking activities. Other borrowed funds come from a diverse mix of short and long-term funding sources. Liquid assets and unused borrowing capacity from a number of sources are also available to maintain our liquidity position.
Liquid assets consist of short-term investments (federal funds sold, resale agreements, trading securities and other short-term investments) and securities available for sale. At September 30, 2008, our liquid assets totaled $35.7 billion, with $20.6 billion pledged as collateral for borrowings, trust, and other commitments.
Bank Level Liquidity
PNC Bank, N.A. can borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank of Clevelands (Federal Reserve Bank) discount window to meet short-term liquidity requirements. These borrowings are secured by securities and commercial loans. PNC Bank, N.A. is also a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB)-Pittsburgh and as such has access to advances from FHLB-Pittsburgh secured generally by residential mortgage and other mortgage-related loans. At September 30, 2008, we maintained significant unused borrowing capacity from the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and FHLB-Pittsburgh under current collateral requirements.
At September 30, 2008, we pledged $5.5 billion of loans and $14.1 billion of securities to the Federal Reserve Bank with a combined collateral value of $18.4 billion. Also, we pledged $26.4 billion of loans and $6.1 billion of securities to FHLB-Pittsburgh under a blanket lien with a combined collateral value of $17.8 billion as of that date. We pledged this collateral with the Federal Reserve Bank and FHLB-Pittsburgh for the ability to borrow if necessary. At September 30, 2008 we had no outstanding borrowings with the Federal Reserve Bank and $10.1 billion outstanding with
33
FHLB-Pittsburgh resulting in unused borrowing capacity of $18.4 billion and $7.7 billion, respectively, for a combined unused borrowing capacity under these arrangements of $26.1 billion, which is based on current collateral requirements.
At December 31, 2007, we had $1.6 billion of loans and $18.8 billion of securities pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank with a combined collateral value of $18.2 billion. Also at December 31, 2007, we pledged $33.5 billion of loans and $4.3 billion of securities to FHLB-Pittsburgh with a combined collateral value of $23.5 billion. At December 31, 2007 we had no outstanding borrowings with the Federal Reserve Bank and $6.8 billion outstanding with FHLB-Pittsburgh resulting in unused borrowing capacity of $18.2 billion and $16.7 billion, respectively, for a combined unused borrowing capacity under these arrangements of $34.9 billion.
In the first nine months of 2008 we increased FHLB borrowings, which provided us with additional liquidity at relatively attractive rates. Total FHLB borrowings were $10.5 billion at September 30, 2008 compared with $7.1 billion at December 31, 2007.
We can also obtain funding through traditional forms of borrowing, including federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements, and short and long-term debt issuances. In July 2004, PNC Bank, N.A. established a program to offer up to $20 billion in senior and subordinated unsecured debt obligations with maturities of more than nine months. Through September 30, 2008, PNC Bank, N.A. had issued $6.9 billion of debt under this program.
PNC Bank, N.A. established a program in December 2004 to offer up to $3.0 billion of its commercial paper. As of September 30, 2008, $411 million of commercial paper was outstanding under this program.
As of September 30, 2008, there were $4.5 billion of PNC Bank, N.A. short- and long-term debt issuances, including commercial paper, with maturities of less than one year.
Parent Company Liquidity
Our parent companys routine funding needs consist primarily of dividends to PNC shareholders, share repurchases, debt service, the funding of non-bank affiliates, and acquisitions.
See the Funding and Capital Sources section of the Consolidated Balance Sheet Review section of this Report regarding certain restrictions on dividends and common share repurchases related to PNCs participation in the US Treasurys TARP Capital Purchase Program.
Parent company liquidity guidelines are designed to help ensure that sufficient liquidity is available to meet these requirements over the succeeding 12-month period. In managing parent company liquidity we consider funding sources, such as expected dividends to be received from PNC
Bank, N.A. and potential debt issuance, and discretionary funding uses, the most significant of which is the external dividend to be paid on PNCs stock.
The principal source of parent company cash flow is the dividends it receives from PNC Bank, N.A., which may be impacted by the following:
| Capital needs, |
| Laws and regulations, |
| Corporate policies, |
| Contractual restrictions, and |
| Other factors. |
Also, there are statutory and regulatory limitations on the ability of national banks to pay dividends or make other capital distributions or to extend credit to the parent company or its non-bank subsidiaries. Dividends may also be impacted by the banks capital needs and by contractual restrictions. We provide additional information on certain contractual restrictions under the Perpetual Trust Securities. PNC Capital Trust E Trust Preferred Securities, and Acquired Entity Trust Preferred Securities sections of the Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements And Variable Interest Entities section of this Financial Review. The amount available for dividend payments to the parent company by PNC Bank, N.A. without prior regulatory approval was approximately $542 million at September 30, 2008.
In addition to dividends from PNC Bank, N.A., other sources of parent company liquidity include cash and short-term investments, as well as dividends and loan repayments from other subsidiaries and dividends or distributions from equity investments. As of September 30, 2008, the parent company had approximately $1.0 billion in funds available from its cash and short-term investments.
We can also generate liquidity for the parent company and PNCs non-bank subsidiaries through the issuance of securities in public or private markets.
See the Executive Summary section of this Financial Review for information regarding PNCs planned issuance of preferred stock and related common stock warrants to the US Treasury under the TARP Capital Purchase Program.
In July 2006, PNC Funding Corp established a program to offer up to $3.0 billion of commercial paper to provide the parent company with additional liquidity. As of September 30, 2008, $1.4 billion of commercial paper was outstanding under this program.
We have effective shelf registration statements which enable us to issue additional debt and equity securities, including certain hybrid capital instruments.
As of September 30, 2008, there were $2.6 billion of parent company contractual obligations, including commercial paper, with maturities of less than one year.
34
We also provide tables showing contractual obligations and various other commitments representing required and potential cash outflows as of September 30, 2008 under the heading Commitments below.
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW
Market risk is the risk of a loss in earnings or economic value due to adverse movements in market factors such as interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, and equity prices.
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT INTEREST RATE RISK
Interest rate risk results primarily from our traditional banking activities of gathering deposits and extending loans. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates, and consumer preferences, affect the difference between the interest that we earn on assets and the interest that we pay on liabilities and the level of our noninterest-bearing funding sources. Due to the repricing term mismatches and embedded options inherent in certain of these products, changes in market interest rates not only affect expected near-term earnings, but also the economic values of these assets and liabilities.
Asset and Liability Management centrally manages interest rate risk within limits and guidelines set forth in our risk management policies approved by the Asset and Liability Committee and the Risk Committee of the Board.
Sensitivity estimates and market interest rate benchmarks for the third quarters of 2008 and 2007 follow:
Interest Sensitivity Analysis
Third Quarter 2008 |
Third Quarter |
|||||
Net Interest Income Sensitivity Simulation |
||||||
Effect on net interest income in first year from gradual interest rate change over following 12 months of: |
||||||
100 basis point increase |
(1.9 | )% | (2.9 | )% | ||
100 basis point decrease |
2.0 | % | 2.9 | % | ||
Effect on net interest income in second year from gradual interest rate change over the preceding 12 months of: |
||||||
100 basis point increase |
(4.1 | )% | (7.1 | )% | ||
100 basis point decrease |
2.3 | % | 5.9 | % | ||
Duration of Equity Model |
||||||
Base case duration of equity (in years): |
1.9 | 3.0 | ||||
Key Period-End Interest Rates |
||||||
One-month LIBOR |
3.93 | % | 5.12 | % | ||
Three-year swap |
3.73 | % | 4.69 | % |
In addition to measuring the effect on net interest income assuming parallel changes in current interest rates, we routinely simulate the effects of a number of nonparallel interest rate environments. The following Net Interest Income Sensitivity To Alternate Rate Scenarios table reflects the percentage change in net interest income over the next two 12-month periods assuming (i) the PNC Economist's most
likely rate forecast, (ii) implied market forward rates, and (iii) a Two-Ten Inversion (a 200 basis point inversion between two-year and ten-year rates superimposed on current base rates) scenario. We are inherently sensitive to a flatter or inverted yield curve.
Net Interest Income Sensitivity To Alternate Rate Scenarios (Third Quarter 2008)
PNC Economist |
Market Forward |
Two-Ten Inversion |
|||||||
First year sensitivity |
| % | .9 | % | (7.2 | )% | |||
Second year sensitivity |
(3.5 | )% | (.1 | )% | (6.2 | )% |
All changes in forecasted net interest income are relative to results in a base rate scenario where current market rates are assumed to remain unchanged over the forecast horizon.
When forecasting net interest income, we make assumptions about interest rates and the shape of the yield curve, the volume and characteristics of new business, and the behavior of existing on- and off-balance sheet positions. These assumptions determine the future level of simulated net interest income in the base interest rate scenario and the other interest rate scenarios presented in the following table. These simulations assume that as assets and liabilities mature, they are replaced or repriced at market rates.
The graph below presents the yield curves for the base rate scenario and each of the alternate scenarios one year forward.
Our risk position is currently liability sensitive, which has been the objective of our balance sheet management strategies. We believe that we have the deposit funding base and balance sheet flexibility to adjust, where appropriate, to changing interest rates and market conditions.
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT TRADING RISK
Our trading activities include customer-driven trading in fixed income securities, equities, derivatives, and foreign exchange contracts. They also include the underwriting of fixed income and equity securities and proprietary trading.
35
We use value-at-risk (VaR) as the primary means to measure and monitor market risk in trading activities. The Risk Committee of the Board establishes an enterprise-wide VaR limit on our trading activities.
During the first nine months of 2008, our VaR ranged between $9.1 million and $13.8 million, averaging $11.2 million. During the first nine months of 2007, our VaR ranged between $6.1 million and $10.4 million, averaging $7.8 million. The increase in VaR compared with the first nine months of 2007 reflected ongoing market volatility.
To help ensure the integrity of the models used to calculate VaR for each portfolio and enterprise-wide, we use a process known as backtesting. The backtesting process consists of comparing actual observations of trading-related gains or losses against the VaR levels that were calculated at the close of the prior day. Under typical market conditions, we would expect an average of two to three instances a year in which actual losses exceeded the prior day VaR measure at the enterprise-wide level. As a result of increased volatility in certain markets, there were 7 such instances during the first nine months of 2008. There were no such instances for the first nine months of 2007.
The following graph shows a comparison of enterprise-wide trading-related gains and losses against prior day VaR for the period.
Total trading revenue for the first nine months and third quarter of 2008 and 2007 was as follows:
Nine months ended September 30 in millions | 2008 | 2007 | |||||
Net interest income |
$ | 58 | |||||
Noninterest income |
(77 | ) | $ | 114 | |||
Total trading revenue |
$ | (19 | ) | $ | 114 | ||
Securities underwriting and trading (a) |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | 31 | ||
Foreign exchange |
52 | 42 | |||||
Financial derivatives |
(68 | ) | 41 | ||||
Total trading revenue |
$ | (19 | ) | $ | 114 |
Three months ended September 30 in millions | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Net interest income |
$ | 19 | $ | (1 | ) | |||
Noninterest income |
(54 | ) | 33 | |||||
Total trading revenue |
$ | (35 | ) | $ | 32 | |||
Securities underwriting and trading (a) |
$ | (13 | ) | $ | 14 | |||
Foreign exchange |
19 | 15 | ||||||
Financial derivatives |
(41 | ) | 3 | |||||
Total trading revenue |
$ | (35 | ) | $ | 32 |
(a) | Includes changes in fair value for certain loans accounted for at fair value. |
The declines in total trading revenue for the first nine months and third quarter of 2008 primarily related to our proprietary trading activities. These decreases reflected the negative impact of significant widening of market credit spreads in extremely illiquid markets and losses related to sales from our trading portfolio to reduce risk in the midst of distressed market conditions. We continue to take actions to reduce our risk in the trading portfolio.
Average trading assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
Nine months ended September 30 in millions | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
Trading assets |
||||||
Securities (a) |
$ | 2,883 | $ | 2,446 | ||
Resale agreements (b) |
2,032 | 1,168 | ||||
Financial derivatives (c) |
2,204 | 1,241 | ||||
Loans at fair value (c) |
93 | 172 | ||||
Total trading assets |
$ | 7,212 | $ | 5,027 | ||
Trading liabilities |
||||||
Securities sold short (d) |
$ | 1,551 | $ | 1,626 | ||
Repurchase agreements and other borrowings (e) |
872 | 676 | ||||
Financial derivatives (f) |
2,243 | 1,252 | ||||
Borrowings at fair value (f) |
25 | 40 | ||||
Total trading liabilities |
$ | 4,691 | $ | 3,594 |
Three months ended September 30 in millions | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
Trading assets |
||||||
Securities (a) |
$ | 2,298 | $ | 3,293 | ||
Resale agreements (b) |
1,937 | 1,267 | ||||
Financial derivatives (c) |
1,775 | 1,389 | ||||
Loans at fair value (c) |
74 | 164 | ||||
Total trading assets |
$ | 6,084 | $ | 6,113 | ||
Trading liabilities |
||||||
Securities sold short (d) |
$ | 1,370 | $ | 1,960 | ||
Repurchase agreements and other borrowings (e) |
609 | 637 | ||||
Financial derivatives (f) |
1,806 | 1,400 | ||||
Borrowings at fair value (f) |
20 | 41 | ||||
Total trading liabilities |
$ | 3,805 | $ | 4,038 |
(a) | Included in Interest-earning assets-Other on the Average Consolidated Balance |
Sheet | And Net Interest Analysis. |
(b) | Included in Federal funds sold and resale agreements. |
(c) | Included in Noninterest-earning assets-Other. |
(d) | Included in Borrowed funds Other. |
(e) | Included in Borrowed funds Repurchase agreements and Other. |
(f) | Included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities. |
36
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT EQUITY AND OTHER INVESTMENT RISK
Equity investment risk is the risk of potential losses associated with investing in both private and public equity markets.
BlackRock
PNC owns approximately 43 million shares of BlackRock common stock, accounted for under the equity method. Our total investment in BlackRock was $4.3 billion at September 30, 2008 compared with $4.1 billion at December 31, 2007. The market value of our investment in BlackRock was $8.4 billion at September 30, 2008. The primary risk measurement, similar to other equity investments, is economic capital.
Low Income Housing Projects
Included in our equity investments are limited partnerships that sponsor affordable housing projects. These investments, consisting of partnerships accounted for under the equity method as well as equity investments held by consolidated partnerships, totaled $1.4 billion at September 30, 2008 and $1.0 billion at December 31, 2007. PNCs equity investment at risk was $426 million at September 30, 2008 compared with $188 million at year-end 2007. We also had commitments to make additional equity investments in affordable housing limited partnerships of $268 million at September 30, 2008 compared with $98 million at December 31, 2007. These commitments are included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Visa
Our remaining investment in Visa Class B common shares totals approximately 3.6 million and is recorded at zero book value. Considering the expected reduction in the IPO conversion ratio due to settled litigation reported by Visa, these shares would convert to approximately 2.2 million of the publicly traded Visa Class A common shares. Based on the September 30, 2008 closing price of $61.39 for the Visa shares, our remaining investment had an unrecognized pretax value of approximately $136 million. The Visa Class B common shares we own generally will not be transferable until they can be converted into shares of the publicly traded class of stock, which cannot happen until the later of three
years after the IPO or settlement of all of the specified litigation. As stated above, it is expected that Visa will reduce the conversion ratio of Visa Class B to Class A shares in connection with settled litigation and may reduce the conversion ratio to effectively fund any additional litigation liabilities that are above and beyond the escrow balance at that time. Note 15 Commitments And Guarantees in our Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report has further information on our Visa indemnification obligation.
Private Equity
The private equity portfolio is comprised of equity and mezzanine investments that vary by industry, stage and type of investment. At September 30, 2008, private equity investments carried at estimated fair value totaled $582 million compared with $561 million at December 31, 2007. As of September 30, 2008, $308 million was invested directly in a variety of companies and $274 million was invested in various limited partnerships. Included in direct investments are investment activities of two private equity funds that are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. The minority and noncontrolling interests of these funds totaled $128 million as of September 30, 2008. Our unfunded commitments related to private equity totaled $238 million at September 30, 2008 and $270 million at December 31, 2007.
Other Investments
We also make investments in affiliated and non-affiliated funds with both traditional and alternative investment strategies. The economic values could be driven by either the fixed-income market or the equity markets, or both. At September 30, 2008, other investments totaled $481 million compared with $389 million at December 31, 2007. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, we recognized losses relating to these investments of $55 million and $81 million, respectively. Given the nature of these investments and if current market conditions affecting their valuation were to continue or worsen, we could incur future losses.
Our unfunded commitments related to other investments totaled $70 million at September 30, 2008 compared with $79 million at December 31, 2007.
37
COMMITMENTS
The following tables set forth contractual obligations and various other commitments representing required and potential cash outflows as of September 30, 2008.
Contractual Obligations
September 30, 2008 in millions | Total | ||
Remaining contractual maturities of time deposits |
$ | 24,733 | |
Borrowed funds |
32,139 | ||
Minimum annual rentals on noncancellable leases |
1,309 | ||
Nonqualified pension and post-retirement benefits |
315 | ||
Purchase obligations (a) |
415 | ||
Total contractual cash obligations |
$ | 58,911 |
(a) | Includes purchase obligations for goods and services covered by noncancellable contracts and contracts including cancellation fees. |
Other Commitments (a)
September 30, 2008 in millions | Total | ||
Loan commitments |
$ | 57,094 | |
Standby letters of credit (b) |
5,792 | ||
Other commitments (c) |
595 | ||
Total commitments |
$ | 63,481 |
(a) | Other commitments are funding commitments that could potentially require performance in the event of demands by third parties or contingent events. Loan commitments are reported net of participations, assignments and syndications. |
(b) | Includes $2.7 billion of standby letters of credit that support remarketing programs for customers variable rate demand notes. |
(c) | Includes unfunded commitments related to private equity investments of $238 million and other investments of $70 million which are not on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Also includes commitments related to low income housing projects of $268 million and historic tax credits of $19 million which are included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. |
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES
We use a variety of financial derivatives as part of the overall asset and liability risk management process to help manage interest rate, market and credit risk inherent in our business activities. Substantially all such instruments are used to manage risk related to changes in interest rates. Interest rate and total return swaps, interest rate caps and floors and futures contracts are the primary instruments we use for interest rate risk management.
Financial derivatives involve, to varying degrees, interest rate, market and credit risk. For interest rate swaps and total return swaps, options and futures contracts, only periodic cash payments and, with respect to options, premiums are exchanged. Therefore, cash requirements and exposure to credit risk are significantly less than the notional amount on these instruments. Further information on our financial derivatives is presented in Note 1 Accounting Policies and Note 10 Financial Derivatives in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report.
Not all elements of interest rate, market and credit risk are addressed through the use of financial or other derivatives, and such instruments may be ineffective for their intended purposes due to unanticipated market characteristics, among other reasons.
38
The following tables provide the notional or contractual amounts and estimated net fair value of financial derivatives used for risk management and designated as accounting hedges or free-standing derivatives at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. Weighted-average interest rates presented are based on contractual terms, if fixed, or the implied forward yield curve at each respective date, if floating.
Financial Derivatives 2008
Notional/ Contract Amount |
Estimated Net Fair Value |
|
Weighted- Average Maturity |
Weighted-Average Interest Rates |
| ||||||||
September 30, 2008 dollars in millions |
Paid | Received | |||||||||||
Accounting Hedges |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate risk management |
|||||||||||||
Asset rate conversion |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (a) |
|||||||||||||
Receive fixed |
$5,618 | $199 | 3 yrs. 3 mos. | 4.21 | % | 4.76 | % | ||||||
Forward purchase commitments |
315 | (6 | ) | 1 mo. | NM | NM | |||||||
Liability rate conversion |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (a) |
|||||||||||||
Receive fixed |
7,650 | 291 | 3 yrs. 8 mos. | 4.12 | % | 5.07 | % | ||||||
Total interest rate risk management |
|||||||||||||
Total accounting hedges (b) |
$13,583 | $484 | |||||||||||
Free-Standing Derivatives |
|||||||||||||
Customer-related |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate |
|||||||||||||
Swaps |
$81,096 | $(1) | 5 yrs. 3 mos. | 4.35 | % | 4.37 | % | ||||||
Caps/floors |
|||||||||||||
Sold (c) |
2,592 | (6 | ) | 5 yrs. 11 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Purchased |
1,991 | 9 | 3 yrs. 2 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||
Futures |
6,430 | 8 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Foreign exchange |
8,355 | 1 | 5 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||
Equity |
1,090 | (16 | ) | 1 yr. 2 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Swaptions |
2,730 | 41 | 13 yrs. 10 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||
Total customer-related |
104,284 | 28 | |||||||||||
Other risk management and proprietary |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate |
|||||||||||||
Swaps (c) (d) |
23,108 | (113 | ) | 6 yrs. | 4.24 | % | 4.28 | % | |||||
Caps/floors |
|||||||||||||
Sold |
500 | 2 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Purchased |
980 | 13 | 2 yrs. 4 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||
Futures |
20,069 | 1 yr. 10 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Foreign exchange (c) |
1,575 | (3 | ) | 8 yrs. 9 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Credit derivatives |
4,794 | 114 | 15 yrs. 4 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||
Risk participation agreements |
1,490 | 4 yrs. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Commitments related to mortgage-related assets (c) |
2,642 | (1 | ) | 4 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Options |
|||||||||||||
Futures |
12,500 | (1 | ) | 2 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Swaptions (c) |
10,336 | (9 | ) | 7 yrs. 2 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||
Other (e) |
763 | (135 | ) | NM | NM | NM | |||||||
Total other risk management and proprietary |
78,757 | (135 | ) | ||||||||||
Total free-standing derivatives |
$183,041 | $(107) |
(a) | The floating rate portion of interest rate contracts is based on money-market indices. As a percent of notional amount, 62% were based on 1-month LIBOR and 38% on 3-month LIBOR. |
(b) | Fair value amount includes net accrued interest receivable of $124 million. |
(c) | The increases in the negative fair values from December 31, 2007 to September 30, 2008 for interest rate contracts, foreign exchange and commitments related to mortgage-related assets were due to the changes in fair values of the existing contracts along with new contracts entered into during 2008. |
(d) | Due to the adoption of SFAS 159 as of January 1, 2008, we discontinued hedge accounting with our commercial mortgage banking pay fixed interest rate swaps; therefore, the fair value of these are now reported in this category. |
(e) | Relates to PNCs obligation to help fund certain BlackRock LTIP programs and to certain customer-related derivatives. Additional information regarding the BlackRock/MLIM transaction and our BlackRock LTIP shares obligation is included in Note 2 Acquisitions and Divestitures included in the Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of our 2007 Form 10-K. |
NM Not meaningful
39
Financial Derivatives 2007
Notional/ Contract Amount |
Estimated Net Fair |
Weighted- Average Maturity |
Weighted-Average Interest Rates |
||||||||||||
December 31, 2007 dollars in millions | Paid | Received | |||||||||||||
Accounting Hedges |
|||||||||||||||
Interest rate risk management |
|||||||||||||||
Asset rate conversion |
|||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (a) |
$ | 7,856 | $ | 325 | 4 yrs. 2 mos. | 4.28 | % | 5.34 | % | ||||||
Liability rate conversion |
|||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (a) |
9,440 | 269 | 4 yrs. 10 mos. | 4.12 | % | 5.09 | % | ||||||||
Total interest rate risk management |
17,296 | 594 | |||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage banking risk management |
1,128 | (79 | ) | 8 yrs. 8 mos. | 5.45 | % | 4.52 | % | |||||||
Total accounting hedges (b) |
$ | 18,424 | $ | 515 | |||||||||||
Free-Standing Derivatives |
|||||||||||||||
Customer-related |
|||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
|||||||||||||||
Swaps |
$ | 61,768 | $ | (39 | ) | 5 yrs. 4 mos. | 4.46 | % | 4.49 | % | |||||
Caps/floors |
|||||||||||||||
Sold |
2,837 | (5 | ) | 6 yrs. 5 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Purchased |
2,356 | 7 | 3 yrs. 7 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Futures |
5,564 | 8 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||||
Foreign exchange |
7,028 | 8 | 7 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Equity |
1,824 | (69 | ) | 1 yr. 5 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Swaptions |
3,490 | 40 | 13 yrs. 10 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Other |
200 | 10 yrs. 6 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||||
Total customer-related |
85,067 | (58 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other risk management and proprietary |
|||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
|||||||||||||||
Swaps |
41,247 | 6 | 4 yrs. 5 mos. | 4.44 | % | 4.47 | % | ||||||||
Caps/floors |
|||||||||||||||
Sold |
6,250 | (82 | ) | 2 yrs. 1 mo. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Purchased |
7,760 | 117 | 1 yr. 11 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Futures |
43,107 | 1 yr. 7 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||||
Foreign exchange |
8,713 | 5 | 6 yrs. 8 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Credit derivatives |
5,823 | 42 | 12 yrs. 1 mo. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Risk participation agreements |
1,183 | 4 yrs. 6 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||||
Commitments related to mortgage-related assets |
3,190 | 10 | 4 mos. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Options |
|||||||||||||||
Futures |
39,158 | (2 | ) | 8 mos. | NM | NM | |||||||||
Swaptions |
21,800 | 49 | 8 yrs. 1 mo. | NM | NM | ||||||||||
Other (c) |
442 | (201 | ) | NM | NM | NM | |||||||||
Total other risk management and proprietary |
178,673 | (56 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total free-standing derivatives |
$ | 263,740 | $ | (114 | ) |
(a) | The floating rate portion of interest rate contracts is based on money-market indices. As a percent of notional amount, 52% were based on 1-month LIBOR, 43% on 3-month LIBOR and 5% on Prime Rate. |
(b) | Fair value amount includes net accrued interest receivable of $130 million. |
(c) | Relates to PNCs obligation to help fund certain BlackRock LTIP programs. Additional information regarding the BlackRock/MLIM transaction and our BlackRock LTIP shares obligation is included in Note 2 Acquisitions and Divestitures included in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of our 2007 Form 10-K. |
NM Not meaningful
40
INTERNAL CONTROLS AND DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of September 30, 2008, we performed an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures and of changes in our internal control over financial reporting.
Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2008, and that there has been no change in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Accounting/administration net fund assets Net domestic and foreign fund investment assets for which we provide accounting and administration services. We do not include these assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Adjusted average total assets Primarily comprised of total average quarterly (or annual) assets plus (less) unrealized losses (gains) on available for sale debt securities, less goodwill and certain other intangible assets (net of eligible deferred taxes).
Annualized Adjusted to reflect a full year of activity.
Assets under management Assets over which we have sole or shared investment authority for our customers/clients. We do not include these assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Basis point One hundredth of a percentage point.
Charge-off Process of removing a loan or portion of a loan from our balance sheet because it is considered uncollectible. We also record a charge-off when a loan is transferred to held for sale by reducing the carrying amount by the allowance for loan losses associated with such loan or, if the market value is less than its carrying amount, by the amount of that difference.
Common shareholders equity to total assets Common shareholders equity divided by total assets. Common shareholders equity equals total shareholders' equity less the liquidation value of preferred stock.
Credit derivatives Contractual agreements, primarily credit default swaps, that provide protection against a credit event of one or more referenced credits. The nature of a credit event is
established by the protection buyer and protection seller at the inception of a transaction, and such events include bankruptcy, insolvency and failure to meet payment obligations when due. The buyer of the credit derivative pays a periodic fee in return for a payment by the protection seller upon the occurrence, if any, of a credit event.
Credit spread The difference in yield between debt issues of similar maturity. The excess of yield attributable to credit spread is often used as a measure of relative creditworthiness, with a reduction in the credit spread reflecting an improvement in the borrowers perceived creditworthiness.
Custody assets Investment assets held on behalf of clients under safekeeping arrangements. We do not include these assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Investment assets held in custody at other institutions on our behalf are included in the appropriate asset categories on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as if physically held by us.
Derivatives Financial contracts whose value is derived from publicly traded securities, interest rates, currency exchange rates or market indices. Derivatives cover a wide assortment of financial contracts, including forward contracts, futures, options and swaps.
Duration of equity An estimate of the rate sensitivity of our economic value of equity. A negative duration of equity is associated with asset sensitivity (i.e., positioned for rising interest rates), while a positive value implies liability sensitivity (i.e., positioned for declining interest rates). For example, if the duration of equity is +1.5 years, the economic value of equity declines by 1.5% for each 100 basis point increase in interest rates.
Earning assets Assets that generate income, which include: federal funds sold; resale agreements; trading securities and other short-term investments; loans held for sale; loans, net of unearned income; securities; and certain other assets.
Economic capital Represents the amount of resources that a business segment should hold to guard against potentially large losses that could cause insolvency. It is based on a measurement of economic risk, as opposed to risk as defined by regulatory bodies. The economic capital measurement process involves converting a risk distribution to the capital that is required to support the risk, consistent with our target credit rating. As such, economic risk serves as a common currency of risk that allows us to compare different risks on a similar basis.
Effective duration A measurement, expressed in years, that, when multiplied by a change in interest rates, would approximate the percentage change in value of on- and off- balance sheet positions.
Efficiency Noninterest expense divided by the sum of net interest income (GAAP basis) and noninterest income.
41
Fair value The price that would be received to sell an asset or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability on the measurement date using the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants.
Foreign exchange contracts Contracts that provide for the future receipt and delivery of foreign currency at previously agreed-upon terms.
Funds transfer pricing A management accounting methodology designed to recognize the net interest income effects of sources and uses of funds provided by the assets and liabilities of a business segment. We assign these balances LIBOR-based funding rates at origination that represent the interest cost for us to raise/invest funds with similar maturity and repricing structures.
Futures and forward contracts Contracts in which the buyer agrees to purchase and the seller agrees to deliver a specific financial instrument at a predetermined price or yield. May be settled either in cash or by delivery of the underlying financial instrument.
GAAP Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Interest rate floors and caps Interest rate protection instruments that involve payment from the protection seller to the protection buyer of an interest differential, which represents the difference between a short-term rate (e.g., three-month LIBOR) and an agreed-upon rate (the strike rate) applied to a notional principal amount.
Interest rate swap contracts Contracts that are entered into primarily as an asset/liability management strategy to reduce interest rate risk. Interest rate swap contracts are exchanges of interest rate payments, such as fixed-rate payments for floating-rate payments, based on notional principal amounts.
Intrinsic value The amount by which the fair value of an underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of an option on that stock.
Leverage ratio Tier 1 risk-based capital divided by adjusted average total assets.
Net interest income from loans and deposits A management accounting assessment, using funds transfer pricing methodology, of the net interest contribution from loans and deposits.
Net interest margin Annualized taxable-equivalent net interest income divided by average earning assets.
Nondiscretionary assets under administration Assets we hold for our customers/clients in a non-discretionary, custodial capacity. We do not include these assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Noninterest income to total revenue Noninterest income divided by the sum of net interest income (GAAP basis) and noninterest income.
Nonperforming assets Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructured loans, foreclosed assets and other assets. We do not accrue interest income on assets classified as nonperforming.
Nonperforming loans Nonperforming loans include loans to commercial, commercial real estate, lease financing, consumer, residential mortgage, and lease financing customers as well as troubled debt restructured loans. Nonperforming loans do not include loans held for sale or foreclosed and other assets. We do not accrue interest income on loans classified as nonperforming.
Notional amount A number of currency units, shares, or other units specified in a derivatives contract.
Operating leverage The period to period percentage change in total revenue (GAAP basis) less the percentage change in noninterest expense. A positive percentage indicates that revenue growth exceeded expense growth (i.e., positive operating leverage) while a negative percentage implies expense growth exceeded revenue growth (i.e., negative operating leverage).
Options Contracts that grant the purchaser, for a premium payment, the right, but not the obligation, to either purchase or sell the associated financial instrument at a set price during a specified period or at a specified date in the future.
Recovery Cash proceeds received on a loan that we had previously charged off. We credit the amount received to the allowance for loan and lease losses.
Return on average assets Annualized net income divided by average assets.
Return on average capital Annualized net income divided by average capital.
Return on average common shareholders equity Annualized net income less preferred stock dividends divided by average common shareholders equity.
Return on average tangible common shareholders equity Annualized net income less preferred stock dividends divided by average common shareholders equity less goodwill and other intangible assets (net of deferred taxes for both taxable and nontaxable combinations), and excluding mortgage servicing rights.
Risk-weighted assets Primarily computed by the assignment of specific risk-weights (as defined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) to assets and off-balance sheet instruments.
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Securitization The process of legally transforming financial assets into securities.
Swaptions Contracts that grant the purchaser, for a premium payment, the right, but not the obligation, to enter into an interest rate swap agreement during a specified period or at a specified date in the future.
Tangible common equity ratio Period-end common shareholders equity less goodwill and other intangible assets (net of deferred taxes), and excluding mortgage servicing rights, divided by period-end assets less goodwill and other intangible assets (net of deferred taxes), and excluding mortgage servicing rights.
Taxable-equivalent interest The interest income earned on certain assets is completely or partially exempt from federal income tax. As such, these tax-exempt instruments typically yield lower returns than taxable investments. To provide more meaningful comparisons of yields and margins for all interest-earning assets, we use interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis in calculating average yields and net interest margins by increasing the interest income earned on tax-exempt assets to make it fully equivalent to interest income earned on other taxable investments. This adjustment is not permitted under GAAP on the Consolidated Income Statement.
Tier 1 risk-based capital Tier 1 risk-based capital equals: total shareholders equity, plus trust preferred capital securities, plus certain minority interests that are held by others; less goodwill and certain other intangible assets (net of eligible deferred taxes relating to nontaxable combinations), less equity investments in nonfinancial companies and less net unrealized holding losses on available for sale equity securities. Net unrealized holding gains on available for sale equity securities, net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale debt securities and net unrealized holding gains (losses) on cash flow hedge derivatives are excluded from total shareholders equity for Tier 1 risk-based capital purposes.
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio Tier 1 risk-based capital divided by period-end risk-weighted assets.
Total fund assets serviced Total domestic and offshore fund investment assets for which we provide related processing services. We do not include these assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Total return swap A non-traditional swap where one party agrees to pay the other the total return of a defined underlying asset (e.g., a loan), usually in return for receiving a stream of LIBOR-based cash flows. The total returns of the asset, including interest and any default shortfall, are passed through to the counterparty. The counterparty is therefore assuming the credit and economic risk of the underlying asset.
Total risk-based capital Tier 1 risk-based capital plus qualifying subordinated debt and trust preferred securities, other minority interest not qualified as Tier 1, and the allowance for loan and lease losses, subject to certain limitations.
Total risk-based capital ratio Total risk-based capital divided by period-end risk-weighted assets.
Transaction deposits The sum of money market and interest-bearing demand deposits and demand and other noninterest-bearing deposits.
Value-at-risk ("VaR") A statistically-based measure of risk which describes the amount of potential loss which may be incurred due to severe and adverse market movements. The measure is of the maximum loss which should not be exceeded on 99 out of 100 days.
Watchlist A list of criticized loans, credit exposure or other assets compiled for internal monitoring purposes. We define criticized exposure for this purpose as exposure with an internal risk rating of other assets especially mentioned, substandard, doubtful or loss.
Yield curve A graph showing the relationship between the yields on financial instruments or market indices of the same credit quality with different maturities. For example, a normal or positive yield curve exists when long-term bonds have higher yields than short-term bonds. A flat yield curve exists when yields are the same for short-term and long-term bonds. A steep yield curve exists when yields on long-term bonds are significantly higher than on short-term bonds. An inverted or negative yield curve exists when short-term bonds have higher yields than long-term bonds.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
We make statements in this Report, and we may from time to time make other statements, regarding our outlook or expectations for earnings, revenues, expenses and/or other matters regarding or affecting PNC that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as believe, expect, anticipate, intend, outlook, estimate, forecast, will, project and other similar words and expressions.
Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We do not assume any duty and do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements. Actual results or future events could differ, possibly materially, from those that we anticipated in our forward-looking statements, and future results could differ materially from our historical performance.
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Our forward-looking statements are subject to the following principal risks and uncertainties. We provide greater detail regarding some of these factors in our 2007 Form 10-K and elsewhere in this Report, including in the Risk Factors and Risk Management sections of these reports. Our forward-looking statements may also be subject to other risks and uncertainties, including those discussed elsewhere in this Report or in our other filings with the SEC.
| Our businesses and financial results are affected by business and economic conditions, both generally and specifically in the principal markets in which we operate. In particular, our businesses and financial results may be impacted by: |
| Changes in interest rates and valuations in the debt, equity and other financial markets. |
| Disruptions in the liquidity and other functioning of financial markets, including such disruptions in the markets for real estate and other assets commonly securing financial products. |
| Actions by the Federal Reserve and other government agencies, including those that impact money supply and market interest rates. |
| Changes in our customers, suppliers and other counterparties performance in general and their creditworthiness in particular. |
| Changes in customer preferences and behavior, whether as a result of changing business and economic conditions or other factors. |
| Changes resulting from the newly enacted Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. |
| A continuation of recent turbulence in significant portions of the US and global financial markets, particularly if it worsens, could impact our performance, both directly by affecting our revenues and the value of our assets and liabilities and indirectly by affecting our counterparties and the economy generally. |
| Our business and financial performance could be impacted as the financial industry restructures in the current environment, both by changes in the creditworthiness and performance of our counterparties and by changes in the competitive landscape. |
| Given current economic and financial market conditions, our forward-looking financial statements are subject to the risk that these conditions will be substantially different than we are currently expecting. These statements are based on our current expectations that interest rates will remain low through 2009 with continued wide market credit spreads, and our view that national economic conditions currently point toward a recession followed by a subdued recovery. |
| Our operating results are affected by our liability to provide shares of BlackRock common stock to help fund certain BlackRock long-term incentive plan (LTIP) programs, as our LTIP liability is adjusted quarterly (marked-to-market) based on changes in BlackRocks common stock price and the number of remaining committed shares, and we recognize gain or loss on such shares at such times as shares are transferred for payouts under the LTIP programs. |
| Legal and regulatory developments could have an impact on our ability to operate our businesses or our financial condition or results of operations or our competitive position or reputation. Reputational impacts, in turn, could affect matters such as business generation and retention, our ability to attract and retain management, liquidity, and funding. These legal and regulatory developments could include: (a) the unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory and other governmental inquiries; (b) increased litigation risk from recent regulatory and other governmental developments; (c) the results of the regulatory examination process, our failure to satisfy the requirements of agreements with governmental agencies, and regulators future use of supervisory and enforcement tools; (d) legislative and regulatory reforms, including changes to laws and regulations involving tax, pension, education lending, the protection of confidential customer information, and other aspects of the financial institution industry; and (e) changes in accounting policies and principles. |
| Our business and operating results are affected by our ability to identify and effectively manage risks inherent in our businesses, including, where appropriate, through the effective use of third-party insurance, derivatives, and capital management techniques. |
| The adequacy of our intellectual property protection, and the extent of any costs associated with obtaining rights in intellectual property claimed by others, can impact our business and operating results. |
| Our ability to anticipate and respond to technological changes can have an impact on our ability to respond to customer needs and to meet competitive demands. |
| Our ability to implement our business initiatives and strategies could affect our financial performance over the next several years. |
| Competition can have an impact on customer acquisition, growth and retention, as well as on our credit spreads and product pricing, which can affect market share, deposits and revenues. |
| Our business and operating results can also be affected by widespread natural disasters, terrorist activities or international hostilities, either as a result of the impact on the economy and capital and other financial markets generally or on us or on our customers, suppliers or other counterparties specifically. |
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| Also, risks and uncertainties that could affect the results anticipated in forward-looking statements or from historical performance relating to our equity interest in BlackRock, Inc. are discussed in more detail in BlackRocks filings with the SEC, including in the Risk Factors sections of BlackRocks reports. BlackRocks SEC filings are accessible on the SECs website and on or through BlackRocks website at www.blackrock.com. |
In addition, our planned acquisition of National City presents us with a number of risks and uncertainties related both to the acquisition transaction itself and to the integration of the acquired businesses into PNC after closing. These risks and uncertainties include the following:
| Completion of the transaction is dependent on, among other things, receipt of regulatory and shareholder approvals, the timing of which cannot be predicted with precision at this point and which may not be received at all. The impact of the completion of the transaction on PNCs financial statements will be affected by the timing of the transaction, including in particular the ability to complete the acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2008. |
| The transaction may be substantially more expensive to complete (including the integration of National Citys businesses) and the anticipated benefits, including anticipated cost savings and strategic gains, may be significantly harder or take longer to achieve than expected or may not be achieved in their entirety as a result of unexpected factors or events. |
| Our ability to achieve anticipated results from this transaction is dependent on the state going forward of the economic and financial markets, which have been |
under significant stress recently. Specifically, we may incur more credit losses from National Citys loan portfolio than expected. Other issues related to achieving anticipated financial results include the possibility that deposit attrition may be greater than expected. Litigation and governmental investigations currently pendi |