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Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be exchanged prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. This prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state.

PRELIMINARY SHORT FORM PROSPECTUS

Kinross Gold Corporation

Offer to exchange all outstanding 3.625% Senior Notes due 2016 issued on August 22, 2011 for up to $250,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of Registered 3.625% Senior Notes due 2016 and the Guarantees thereon
and
Offer to exchange all outstanding 5.125% Senior Notes due 2021 issued on August 22, 2011 for up to $500,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of Registered 5.125% Senior Notes due 2021 and the Guarantees thereon
and
Offer to exchange all outstanding 6.875% Senior Notes due 2041 issued on August 22, 2011 for up to $250,000,000 Aggregate Principal Amount of Registered 6.875% Senior Notes due 2041 and the Guarantees thereon

The Initial Notes:

$250,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 3.625% Senior Notes due 2016 (the "Initial 2016 Notes"), $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.125% Senior Notes due 2021 (the "Initial 2021 Notes") and $250,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Senior Notes due 2041 (the "Initial 2041 Notes") were originally issued by Kinross Gold Corporation ("Kinross") on August 22, 2011 in a transaction that was exempt from registration under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and resold to qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A and non-U.S. persons outside the United States in reliance on Regulation S. We refer to the Initial 2016 Notes, the Initial 2021 Notes and the Initial 2041 Notes together as the "Initial Notes".

The New Notes:

The terms of the new 2016 notes (the "New 2016 Notes"), the new 2021 notes (the "New 2021 Notes") and the new 2041 notes (the "New 2041 Notes") are substantially identical to the terms of the Initial 2016 Notes, the Initial 2021 Notes and the Initial 2041 Notes, respectively, except that the New 2016 Notes, the New 2021 Notes and the New 2041 Notes will be registered under the Securities Act, will not contain restrictions on transfer or certain provisions relating to additional interest, will bear different CUSIP numbers from the Initial Notes and will not entitle their holders to registration rights. The New 2016 Notes, the New 2021 Notes and the New 2041 Notes will evidence the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial 2016 Notes, the Initial 2021 Notes and the Initial 2041 Notes, respectively. We refer to the New 2016 Notes, the New 2021 Notes and the New 2041 Notes together as the "New Notes" and the Initial Notes and the New Notes together as the "Notes".

All dollar amounts in this prospectus are in United States dollars, unless otherwise indicated. See "Exchange Rate Information".

See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 6 for a discussion of certain risks that you should consider in connection with an investment in the Notes.

Exchange Offer:

Our offer to exchange Initial 2016 Notes for New 2016 Notes, the Initial 2021 Notes for New 2021 Notes and the Initial 2041 Notes for New 2041 Notes will be open until 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on                                    , 2012, unless we extend the offer.

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New Notes of each series will be issued in exchange for an equal principal amount of outstanding Initial Notes of such series accepted in the exchange offer. The exchange offer is not conditioned upon any minimum principal amount of Initial Notes being tendered for exchange. However, the obligation to accept the Initial Notes for exchange pursuant to the exchange offer is subject to certain customary conditions set forth herein. See "Exchange Offer — Terms of the Exchange Offer — Conditions."

        There is no market through which these securities may be sold and purchasers may not be able to resell securities purchased under the short form prospectus. This may affect the pricing of the securities in the secondary market, the transparency and availability of trading prices, the liquidity of the securities and the extent of issuer regulation. See "Risk Factors".

        Kinross is permitted to prepare this prospectus in accordance with Canadian disclosure requirements, which are different than those of the United States.

        Owning the debt securities may subject you to tax consequences in the United States and Canada. You should read the tax discussion in this prospectus. This prospectus may not describe these tax consequences fully.

        We are a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada. A majority of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition most of our directors and officers named in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein are resident outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process within the United States upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgments of courts of the United States.

        The debt securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Ontario Securities Commission, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities regulator, nor has the Ontario Securities Commission, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities regulator passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.

        Since no securities are being offered pursuant to this prospectus, no proceeds will be raised and all expenses in connection with the preparation and filing of this prospectus will be paid by Kinross from its general corporate funds.

        No underwriter is being used in connection with this exchange offer or has been involved in the preparation of this prospectus or has performed any review of the contents of this prospectus.

        The earnings coverage ratio in respect of Kinross' indebtedness for the 12-month period ended December 31, 2011 is less than one-to-one. See "Earnings Coverage."

        Prospective investors should be aware that, during the period of the exchange offer, the registrant or its affiliates, directly or indirectly, may bid for or make purchases of the debt securities to be distributed or to be exchanged, or certain related debt securities, as permitted by applicable laws or regulations of Canada, or its provinces or territories.

        This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by broker-dealers in connection with resales of New Notes received in exchange for Initial Notes, where such Initial Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market making or other trading activities.

        The date of this prospectus is                                    , 2012.

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IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS

        You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell the debt securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus or in any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus is accurate only as of the respective date of the document in which such document appears.

        The New Notes have not been and will not be qualified for public distribution under the securities laws of any province or territory of Canada. The New Notes are not being offered for sale and may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Canada or to any resident thereof except in accordance with the securities laws of the provinces and territories of Canada.

        Kinross presents its financial statements in U.S. dollars and, effective January 1, 2011, the financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). Unless otherwise indicated, financial information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus has been prepared in accordance with IFRS. As a result, certain financial information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus may not be comparable to financial information prepared by other United States or Canadian companies.

        References to "$" in this prospectus are to U.S. dollars and references to "Cdn$" in this prospectus are to Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated. See "Exchange Rate Information".

        In this prospectus, "we", "us" and "our" refer to Kinross and its subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

        This prospectus incorporates by reference documents that contain important business and financial information about us that is not included in or delivered with this prospectus. These documents are available without charge to security holders upon written or oral request to the Corporate Secretary of Kinross at Kinross Gold Corporation, 25 York Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J 2V5, (416) 365-5123 and are also available electronically on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval at http://sedar.com. To obtain timely delivery, holders of the Initial Notes must request these documents no later than five business days before the expiration date. Unless extended, the expiration date is                                    , 2012.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

        The following documents, filed with the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in each of the provinces and territories of Canada and filed with or furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"), are specifically incorporated by reference in this prospectus:

(a)

The annual information form of Kinross dated as of March 29, 2012 for the year ended December 31, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Kinross' Form 40-F filed with the Commission on March 30, 2012 (the "Form 40-F")).



(b)

The annual audited consolidated financial statements of Kinross for the year ended December 31, 2011, including consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2011, December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010 and the consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), cash flows, and equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 and related notes, together with the reports of the registered public accounting firm thereon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 of the Form 40-F).



(c)

The management's discussion and analysis ("Management's Discussion and Analysis") of Kinross for the financial year ended December 31, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of the Form 40-F).



(d)

The management information circular of Kinross dated March 23, 2012, in connection with the annual meeting of Kinross' shareholders to be held on May 9, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Kinross' Form 6-K, furnished to the Commission on April 5, 2012).

        Any annual information form, annual financial statements (including the auditors' report thereon), interim financial statements, management's discussion and analysis, material change report (excluding any confidential material change reports), business acquisition report or information circular or amendments thereto that we file with any securities commission or similar regulatory authority in Canada after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the New Notes will be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and will automatically update and supersede information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. In addition, all documents we file with or furnish to the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), subsequent to the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of the New Notes to which this prospectus relates shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and the registration statement of which the prospectus forms a part from the date of filing or furnishing of such documents (in the case of any Report on Form 6-K, if and to the extent expressly set forth in such report).

        Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or contained in this prospectus shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent any statement contained herein or in any subsequently filed or furnished document which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed to constitute a part hereof except as so modified or superseded. The modifying or superseding statement need not state that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making of a modifying or superseding statement shall not be deemed an admission for any purpose that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a misrepresentation, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

        We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, without charge, upon written or oral request to the Corporate Secretary of Kinross at Kinross Gold Corporation, 25 York Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J 2V5, (416) 365-5123, copies of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We do not incorporate by reference into this prospectus any of the information on, or accessible through, our website or any of the websites listed below.

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        We file certain reports with, and furnish other information to, the Commission and the provincial and territorial securities regulatory authorities of Canada. Kinross' Commission file number is 1-13382. Under a multi-jurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the United States and Canada, such reports and other information may be prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements of the provincial and territorial securities regulatory authorities of Canada, which requirements are different from those of the United States. As a foreign private issuer, Kinross is exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and Kinross' officers and directors are exempt from the reporting and short swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Our reports and other information filed with or furnished to the Commission are available, and our reports and other information filed or furnished in the future with or to the Commission will be available, from the Commission's Electronic Document Gathering and Retrieval System (http://www.sec.gov), which is commonly known by the acronym "EDGAR", as well as from commercial document retrieval services. You may also read (and by paying a fee, copy) any document we file with or furnish to the Commission at the Commission's public reference room in Washington, D.C. (100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549). Please call the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information on the public reference room. You may also inspect our Commission filings at the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. Our Canadian filings are available on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval ("SEDAR") at http://www.sedar.com.

        We have filed with the Commission under the Securities Act, a registration statement on Form F-9/S-4 relating to the securities being offered hereunder and of which this prospectus forms a part. This prospectus does not contain all the information set forth in such registration statement, certain items of which are contained in the exhibits to the registration statement as permitted or required by the rules and regulations of the Commission. Items of information omitted from this prospectus but contained in the registration statement will be available on the Commission's website at http://www.sec.gov.

NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus including, but not limited to, any information as to our future financial or operating performance, constitute "forward looking information" or "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of certain securities laws, including the provisions of the Securities Act (Ontario) and the provisions for "safe harbor" under the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are based on expectations, estimates and projections as of the date of this prospectus. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, possible events, statements with respect to possible events, the future price of gold and silver, the estimation of mineral reserves and resources, the realization of mineral reserve and resource estimates, the timing and amount of estimated future production, costs of production, expected capital expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new deposits, success of exploration, development and mining activities, permitting time lines, currency fluctuations, requirements for additional capital, government regulation of mining operations, environmental risks, unanticipated reclamation expenses, title disputes or claims and limitations on insurance coverage. The words "plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "budget", "scheduled", "estimates", "targets", "forecasts", "intends", "anticipates", or "does not anticipate", or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "should", "might", or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by us as of the date of such statements, are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies. Our estimates, models and assumptions referenced, contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, which may prove to be incorrect, include, but are not limited to, the various assumptions set forth herein and in our annual information form on Form 40-F and our Management's Discussion and Analysis, each of which is incorporated herein, as well as: (1) there being no significant disruptions affecting our operations or the operations of any entity in which we now or hereafter directly or indirectly hold an investment, whether due to labor disruptions, supply disruptions, power disruptions, damage to equipment or otherwise; (2) permitting, development, operations, expansion and acquisitions at Paracatu (including, without limitation, land acquisitions and permitting for the construction and operation of the new tailings facility) being consistent with our current expectations; (3) development of and production from the Phase 7 pit expansion and heap leach project at Fort Knox

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continuing on a basis consistent with our current expectations; (4) the viability, permitting and development of the Fruta del Norte deposit, and our continuing ownership of it, being consistent with our current expectations; (5) political and legal developments in any jurisdiction in which we, or any entity in which we now or hereafter directly or indirectly hold an investment, operate being consistent with our current expectations including, without limitation, the implementation of Ecuador's new mining and investment laws and related regulations and policies, and negotiation of an exploitation agreement and investment protection agreement with the government (on terms satisfactory to us), being consistent with our current expectations; (6) permitting, construction, development and production at Cerro Casale being consistent with our current expectations; (7) the viability, permitting and development of the Lobo-Marte project, including, without limitation, the metallurgy and processing of its ore, being consistent with our current expectations; (8) the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar, Brazilian real, Chilean peso, Russian rouble, Mauritanian ouguiya, Ghanaian cedi and the U.S. dollar being approximately consistent with current levels; (9) certain price assumptions for gold and silver; (10) prices for natural gas, fuel oil, electricity and other key supplies being approximately consistent with current levels; (11) production and cost of sales forecasts for us, and entities in which we now or hereafter directly or indirectly hold an investment, meeting expectations; (12) the accuracy of the current mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates of us and any entity in which we now or hereafter directly or indirectly hold an investment; (13) labor and materials costs increasing on a basis consistent with our current expectations; (14) the development of the Dvoinoye and Vodorazdelnaya deposits being consistent with our expectations; (15) the viability of the Tasiast and Chirano mines, and the permitting, development and expansion of the Tasiast and Chirano mines on a basis consistent with our current expectations, including but not limited to the terms and conditions of the legal and fiscal stability agreements for these operations being interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with their intent and our expectations; and (16) access to capital markets, including but not limited to securing project financing for Fruta del Norte and the Tasiast expansion projects, being consistent with our current expectations. Known and unknown factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to: fluctuations in the currency markets; fluctuations in the spot and forward price of gold or certain other commodities (such as diesel fuel and electricity); changes in interest rates or gold or silver lease rates that could impact the mark-to-market value of outstanding derivative instruments and ongoing payments/receipts under any interest rate swaps and variable rate debt obligations; risks arising from holding derivative instruments (such as credit risk, market liquidity risk and mark-to-market risk); changes in national and local government legislation, taxation, including but not limited to income tax, advance income tax, stamp withholding tax, capital tax, tariffs, value-added or sales tax, capital outflow tax, capital gains tax, windfall or windfall profits tax, royalty, excise tax, customs/import or export duties, asset taxes, asset transfer tax, property use or other real estate tax, together with any related fine, penalty, surcharge, or interest imposed in connection with such taxes, controls, policies and regulations, the security of personnel and assets and political or economic developments in Canada, the United States, Chile, Brazil, Russia, Ecuador, Mauritania, Ghana or other countries in which we, or entities in which we now or hereafter directly or indirectly hold an investment, do business or may carry on business in the future; business opportunities that may be presented to, or pursued by, us; our ability to successfully integrate acquisitions and complete divestitures; operating or technical difficulties in connection with mining or development activities; employee relations; commencement of litigation against us, including but not limited to, securities class action in Canada and/or the United States; the speculative nature of gold exploration and development, including the risks of obtaining necessary licenses and permits; diminishing quantities or grades of reserves; adverse changes in our credit rating; and contests over title to properties, particularly title to undeveloped properties. In addition, there are risks and hazards associated with the business of gold exploration, development and mining, including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected formations, pressures, cave-ins, flooding and gold bullion losses (and the risk of inadequate insurance, or the inability to obtain insurance, to cover these risks). Many of these uncertainties and contingencies can directly or indirectly affect, and could cause, our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward looking statements made by, or on behalf of, us. There can be no assurance that forward looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Forward looking statements are provided for the purpose of providing information about management's expectations and plans relating to the future. All of the forward-looking statements made in this prospectus are qualified by these cautionary statements and those made in our other filings with the securities regulators of Canada and the United States including, but not limited to, the cautionary statements made in the "Risk Factors" section of our

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Form 40-F and the "Risk Analysis" section of our Management's Discussion and Analysis. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the factors that could affect us. We disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward looking statements or to explain any material difference between subsequent actual events and such forward looking statements, except to the extent required by applicable law.

NOTICE REGARDING PRESENTATION OF MINERAL RESERVE AND MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES

        In accordance with applicable Canadian securities regulatory requirements, all mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates of Kinross incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been prepared in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 — Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101"), classified in accordance with Canadian Institute of Mining Metallurgy and Petroleum's "CIM Standards on Mineral Resources and Reserves Definitions and Guidelines" (the "CIM Guidelines"). The definitions of mineral reserves and mineral resources are set out in our disclosure of our mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The terms "mineral reserve", "proven mineral reserve" and "probable mineral reserve" are Canadian mining terms as defined in accordance with NI 43-101 and the CIM Guidelines. These definitions differ from the definitions in the SEC Industry Guide 7 under the Securities Act ("SEC Industry Guide 7"). Under SEC Industry Guide 7 standards, a "final" or "bankable" feasibility study is required to report reserves. The three-year historical average price is used in any reserve or cash flow analysis to designate reserves and the primary environmental analysis or report must be filed with the appropriate government authority. In addition, Kinross uses the terms "mineral resources," "measured mineral resources," "indicated mineral resources" and "inferred mineral resources." While those terms are recognized by Canadian securities regulatory authorities, they are not recognized by the SEC. Pursuant to the CIM Guidelines, mineral resources have a higher degree of uncertainty than mineral reserves as to their existence as well as their economic and legal feasibility. Inferred mineral resources, when compared with measured or indicated mineral resources, have the least certainty as to their existence, and it cannot be assumed that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource will be upgraded to an indicated or measured mineral resource as a result of continued exploration. Pursuant to NI 43-101, inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of any economic analysis, including any feasibility study. Accordingly, investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of a mineral resource exists, will ever be converted into a mineral reserve, or is or will ever be economically or legally mineable or recovered.

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

        The noon exchange rate on April 26, 2012, as reported by the Bank of Canada for the conversion of United States dollars into Canadian dollars was $1.00 equals Cdn$0.9841.

ENFORCEABILITY OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES

        We are a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada. A majority of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, most of our directors and officers named in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein are resident outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process within the United States upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon civil liability of such directors or officers under U.S. federal securities laws. We have been advised by Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, our Canadian counsel, that a judgment of a U.S. court predicated solely upon civil liability under such laws would probably be enforceable in Canada if the U.S. court in which the judgment was obtained had a basis for jurisdiction in the matter that was recognized by an Ontario court for such purposes. We have also been advised by such counsel, however, that there is substantial doubt whether an action could be brought in Ontario in the first instance on the basis of liability predicated solely upon such laws.

        The assets of several of our subsidiary guarantors are also located outside of the United States. Their directors and officers are generally resident outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for United States investors to effect service of process within the United States upon those directors or officers who are not residents of the United States, or to realize in the United States upon judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon civil liability of such directors or officers under U.S. federal securities laws.

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RISK FACTORS

        In deciding whether to exchange Initial Notes for New Notes, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and under the heading "Risk Factors" in Kinross' annual information form dated as of March 29, 2012 for the year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference herein. These risks and uncertainties are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any such risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially harmed.

        Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and operating flexibility.

        As of December 31, 2011, we had an aggregate consolidated indebtedness outstanding of approximately $1,633.1 million. We also had an additional $208.9 million in letters of credit issued. In addition, our non-guarantor subsidiaries and joint ventures had indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables and excluding intercompany obligations, of $1,539.5 million, all of which ranked senior to the New Notes. As a result of this indebtedness, we are required to use a material portion of our cash flow to service principal and interest on our debt, which will limit the cash flow available for other business opportunities.

        Our indebtedness could have important consequences to us, including:

•

limiting our ability to borrow additional amounts for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, execution of our growth strategy or other purposes;



•

limiting our ability to use operating cash flow in other areas of our business because we must dedicate a substantial portion of these funds to service the debt;



•

increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, including increases in interest rates, particularly given that a portion of our indebtedness bears interest at variable rates;



•

limiting our ability to capitalize on business opportunities and to react to competitive pressures and adverse changes in government regulation; and



•

limiting our ability or increasing the costs to refinance indebtedness.

        Enforcing your rights as a holder of the New Notes or under the Guarantees across multiple jurisdictions may be difficult.

        The New Notes will be issued by Kinross, which is incorporated under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada, and guaranteed by the Guarantor Subsidiaries, which are incorporated in various jurisdictions, including Chile, Brazil, and the Provinces of Ontario and British Columbia, Canada. In the event of bankruptcy, insolvency or a similar event, proceedings could be initiated in any of these jurisdictions and in the jurisdiction of organization of a future guarantor of the New Notes. Your rights under the New Notes and the Guarantor Subsidiaries' Guarantees will thus be subject to the laws of several jurisdictions, and you may not be able to effectively enforce your rights in multiple bankruptcy, insolvency and other similar proceedings. Moreover, such multi-jurisdictional proceedings are typically complex and costly for creditors and often result in substantial uncertainty and delay in the enforcement of creditors' rights.

        In addition, the bankruptcy, insolvency, administrative, and other laws of the respective Guarantor Subsidiaries' jurisdictions of incorporation may be materially different from, or in conflict with, one another and those of the United States in certain areas, including creditors' rights, priority of creditors, the ability to obtain post-petition interest and the duration of the insolvency proceeding. The application of these various laws in multiple jurisdictions could trigger disputes over which jurisdictions' law should apply and could adversely affect your ability to enforce your rights and to collect payment in full under the New Notes, the guarantees and any security.

        Corporate benefit and financial assistance laws and other limitations on the Guarantees may adversely affect the validity and enforceability of the Guarantees of the New Notes.

        The Guarantees of the New Notes by the Guarantor Subsidiaries provide the holders of the New Notes with a direct claim against the assets of the Guarantor Subsidiaries. Each of the Guarantees, however, will be limited to the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by a particular Guarantor Subsidiary without rendering the

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Guarantee, as it relates to that Guarantor Subsidiary, voidable or otherwise ineffective under applicable law. This provision may not be effective to protect the Guarantees from being voided under fraudulent transfer law. In a recent Florida bankruptcy case, this kind of provision was found to be ineffective to protect guarantees. In addition, enforcement of any of these Guarantees against any Guarantor Subsidiary will be subject to certain defenses available to guarantors generally. These laws and defenses include those that relate to fraudulent conveyance or transfer, voidable preference, financial assistance, corporate purpose or benefit, preservation of share capital, thin capitalization and regulations or defenses affecting the rights of creditors generally. If one or more of these laws and defenses are applicable, a Guarantor Subsidiary may have no liability or decreased liability under its Guarantee.

        The New Notes will be structurally subordinated to the liabilities of non-guarantor subsidiaries and joint ventures.

        Some, but not all, of our subsidiaries will guarantee the New Notes. Our joint ventures will not guarantee the New Notes. Generally, holders of indebtedness of, and trade creditors of, non-guarantor subsidiaries and joint ventures, including lenders under bank financing agreements, are entitled to payments of their claims from the assets of such subsidiaries and joint ventures before these assets are made available for distribution to Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary, as direct or indirect shareholder.

        Accordingly, in the event that any of the non-guarantor subsidiaries or joint venture entities become insolvent, liquidates or otherwise reorganizes:

•

the creditors of Kinross or the Guarantor Subsidiaries (including the holders of the New Notes) will have no right to proceed against such subsidiary or joint venture entities assets; and



•

creditors of such non-guarantor subsidiary or joint venture, including trade creditors, will generally be entitled to payment in full from the sale or other disposal of the assets of such subsidiary or joint venture before Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary, as direct or indirect shareholder, will be entitled to receive any distributions from such subsidiary or joint venture.

        Our subsidiaries and joint ventures that will not guarantee the New Notes generated 49% of our total revenues and 49% of our operating cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2011 and represented 67% of our total assets (excluding intercompany assets) as of December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2011, our non-guarantor subsidiaries and joint ventures had approximately $1,539.5 million of liabilities, including trade payables but excluding intercompany obligations, all of which would have ranked structurally senior to the New Notes and the guarantees.

        The New Notes do not restrict our ability to incur additional debt, repurchase our securities or to take other actions that could negatively affect holders of the New Notes.

        We are not restricted under the terms of the indenture governing the New Notes from incurring additional debt, including secured debt, or repurchasing our securities. In addition, the limited covenants applicable to the New Notes do not require us to achieve or maintain any minimum financial results relating to our financial position or results of operations. Our ability to recapitalize, incur additional debt and take a number of other actions that are not limited by the terms of the New Notes could have the effect of diminishing our ability to make payments on the New Notes when due.

        Changes in interest rates may cause the value of the New Notes to decline.

        Prevailing interest rates will affect the market price or value of the New Notes. The market price or value of the New Notes may decline as prevailing interest rates for comparable debt instruments rise, and increase as prevailing interest rates for comparable debt instruments decline.

        Credit ratings may change, adversely affecting the market value of the New Notes and our cost of capital.

        There is no assurance that the credit ratings assigned to the New Notes or Kinross will remain in effect for any given period of time or that any such rating will not be revised or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency. Real or anticipated changes in credit ratings assigned to the New Notes will generally affect the market price of the New Notes. In addition, real or anticipated changes in our credit ratings may also affect the cost at which we can access the capital markets.

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        We may be unable to purchase the New Notes upon a change of control repurchase event.

        If a change of control repurchase event occurs in respect of the New Notes, we will be required to offer to purchase such New Notes for cash at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount of such New Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest on the New Notes repurchased to, but not including, the date of purchase in order to avoid an event of default under the indenture. See "Description of the Notes and Guarantees — Change of Control Repurchase Event." A change of control may also require us to make an offer to purchase certain of our other indebtedness and may give rise to the early termination of our Credit Agreement. We may not have sufficient funds to purchase all of the affected indebtedness and/or to repay the amounts owing under our Credit Agreement.

        An active trading market may not exist for the New Notes. The absence of a market for the New Notes could adversely affect the liquidity and value of your New Notes.

        A market may not exist for the New Notes, and if a market does exist, it may not be sufficiently liquid for your purposes. If an active, liquid market does not exist for the New Notes, the market price and liquidity of the New Notes may be adversely affected. The New Notes may trade at a discount from their initial offering price.

        The liquidity of the trading market, if any, and future trading prices of the New Notes will depend on many factors, including, among other things, prevailing interest rates, our operating results, financial performance and prospects, the market for similar securities and the overall securities market, and may be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in these factors. Historically, the market has been subject to disruptions that have caused volatility in prices. The market for the New Notes may be subject to disruptions that could have a negative effect on the holders of the New Notes, regardless of our operating results, financial performance or prospects.

        If you fail to exchange your Initial Notes, they will continue to be subject to transfer restrictions and may become less liquid.

        Initial Notes that you do not tender or we do not accept will, following the exchange offer, continue to be subject to transfer restrictions, and you may not offer or sell them except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities law. We will issue New Notes in exchange for the Initial Notes pursuant to the exchange offer only following the satisfaction of the procedures and conditions set forth in "Exchange Offer — Terms of the Exchange Offer — Conditions" and "Exchange Offer — Terms of the Exchange Offer — Procedures for Tendering". These procedures and conditions include timely receipt by the exchange agent of such Initial Notes (or a confirmation of book-entry transfer) and of a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal (or an agent's message from DTCC).

        Because we anticipate that most holders of Initial Notes will elect to exchange their Initial Notes, we expect that the liquidity of the market for any Initial Notes remaining after the completion of the exchange offer will be substantially limited. Any Initial Notes tendered and exchanged in the exchange offer will reduce the aggregate principal amount of the Initial Notes outstanding. Following the exchange offer, if you do not tender your Initial Notes you generally will not have any further registration rights, and your Initial Notes will continue to be subject to certain transfer restrictions. Accordingly, the liquidity of the market for the Initial Notes could be adversely affected.

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KINROSS

        Kinross Gold Corporation is the seventh largest gold producer in the world based on 2011 production volumes. Our market capitalization was approximately $13.0 billion as of December 31, 2011. Based in Toronto, Ontario, Kinross was formed in 1993 from three predecessor mining companies, and now owns or has a joint venture interest in 10 operating mines and five development projects in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Russia, West Africa and the United States. We currently employ approximately 8,230 people. The Company has approximately 62.6 million ounces of gold, 84.9 million ounces of silver and 1.4 billion pounds of copper in proven and probable mineral reserves based on our mineral reserve and resource statement which we refer to in our Form 40-F for the period ended December 31, 2011.

        For the year ended December 31, 2011, we had revenues of $3.9 billion and a net loss attributed to common shareholders of $2.1 billion, with attributable gold-equivalent production of 2.6 million ounces. The net loss attributable to common shareholders of $2.1 billion included the impact of a $2.9 billion non-cash goodwill impairment charge related to Tasiast and Chirano. Our principal product is gold, produced in the form of doré that we send to refineries for final processing. As a by-product, we also produce limited amounts of silver (primarily from our La Coipa mine in Chile and our Kupol mine in Russia), which is converted into gold equivalents for reporting purposes based on relative market prices.

        The following table sets out our primary mining operations, along with our percentage ownership and attributable share of production and sales volume for the year ended December 31, 2011:

        The principal executive offices of each of the registrants is c/o Kinross Gold Corporation, 25 York Street, 17th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5J 2V5, (416) 365-5123.

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EXCHANGE OFFER

Terms of the Exchange Offer

General

        In connection with the issuance of the Initial Notes, we entered into a registration rights agreement, dated as of August 22, 2011, with the initial purchasers of the Initial Notes. The following contains a summary of the provisions of the registration rights agreement. It does not contain all of the information that may be important to an investor in the New Notes. We refer you to the registration rights agreement, which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

        Under the registration rights agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause to become effective under the Securities Act, on or prior to 360 days after the closing of the offering of the Initial Notes, the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part with respect to a registered offer to exchange the Initial Notes of each series for New Notes of the respective series. We will keep the exchange offer open for at least 20 business days (or longer if required by law) after the date notice of the exchange offer is sent to holders of the Initial Notes.

        Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this prospectus and in the letter of transmittal, all Initial Notes validly tendered and not withdrawn prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date will be accepted for exchange. New Notes of each series will be issued in exchange for an equal principal amount of outstanding Initial Notes of the respective series accepted in the exchange offer. This prospectus, together with the letter of transmittal, is being sent to all holders as of the date of this prospectus. The exchange offer is not conditioned upon any minimum principal amount of Initial Notes being tendered for exchange. However, the obligation to accept Initial Notes for exchange pursuant to the exchange offer is subject to certain customary conditions as set forth herein under "— Conditions."

        Initial Notes shall be deemed to have been accepted as validly tendered when, as and if we have given oral (promptly confirmed in writing) or written notice thereof to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, the exchange agent. The exchange agent will act as agent for the tendering holders of Initial Notes for the purposes of receiving the New Notes and delivering New Notes to such holders.

        Based on interpretations by the Staff of the Commission as set forth in no-action letters issued to third parties (including Exxon Capital Holdings Corporation (available May 13, 1988), Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (available June 5, 1991), K-III Communications Corporation (available May 14, 1993) and Shearman & Sterling (available July 2, 1993), we believe that the New Notes issued pursuant to the exchange offer may be offered for resale, resold and otherwise transferred by any holder thereof (other than any such holder that is a broker-dealer or an "affiliate" of Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act) without compliance with the registration and prospectus delivery provisions of the Securities Act, provided that:

•

such New Notes are acquired in the ordinary course of business;



•

at the time of the commencement of the exchange offer such holder has no arrangement or understanding with any person to participate in a distribution of such New Notes; and



•

such holder is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, a distribution of such New Notes.

We have not sought, and do not intend to seek, a no-action letter from the Commission with respect to the effects of the exchange offer, and we cannot assure you that the Staff would make a similar determination with respect to the New Notes as it has in such no-action letters.

        By tendering Initial Notes in exchange for New Notes and executing the letter of transmittal, each holder will represent to us that:

•

any New Notes to be received by it will be acquired in the ordinary course of business;



•

it has no arrangements or understandings with any person to participate in the distribution of the Initial Notes or New Notes within the meaning of the Securities Act; and

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•

it is not an "affiliate," as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act, of either Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary.

        If such holder is a broker-dealer, it will also be required to represent that the Initial Notes were acquired as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities and that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of New Notes. See "Plan of Distribution." Each holder, whether or not it is a broker-dealer, shall also represent that it is not acting on behalf of any person that could not truthfully make any of the foregoing representations contained in this paragraph. If a holder of Initial Notes is unable to make the foregoing representations, such holder may not rely on the applicable interpretations of the Staff of the Commission and must comply with the registration and prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act in connection with any secondary resale transaction unless such sale is made pursuant to an exemption from such requirements.

        Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account in exchange for Initial Notes where such Initial Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act and that it has not entered into any arrangement or understanding with us or an affiliate of ours to distribute the New Notes in connection with any resale of such New Notes. See "Plan of Distribution."

        Upon consummation of the exchange offer, any Initial Notes not tendered will remain outstanding and continue to accrue interest but, subject to certain limited exceptions, holders of Initial Notes who do not exchange their Initial Notes for New Notes in the exchange offer will no longer be entitled to registration rights or certain payments of additional interest. In addition, such holders will not be able to offer or sell their Initial Notes, unless such Initial Notes are subsequently registered under the Securities Act, except pursuant to an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. Subject to limited exceptions, we will have no obligation to effect a subsequent registration of the Initial Notes.

Expiration Date; Extensions; Amendments; Termination

        The expiration date shall be                                    , 2012 unless we, in our sole discretion, extend the exchange offer, in which case the expiration date shall be the latest date to which the exchange offer is extended.

        To extend the expiration date, we will notify the exchange agent of any extension by oral (promptly confirmed in writing) or written notice and will notify the holders of Initial Notes by means of a press release or other public announcement prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled expiration date. Such announcement will state that we are extending the exchange offer for a specified period of time.

        We reserve the right:

•

to delay acceptance of any Initial Notes, to extend the exchange offer or to terminate the exchange offer and not permit acceptance of Initial Notes not previously accepted if any of the conditions set forth under "— Conditions" shall have occurred and shall not have been waived prior to the expiration date, by giving oral (promptly confirmed in writing) or written notice of such delay, extension or termination to the exchange agent; or



•

to amend the terms of the exchange offer in any manner deemed by us to be advantageous to the holders of the Initial Notes.

        Any such delay in acceptance, extension, termination or amendment will be followed as promptly as practicable by oral (promptly confirmed in writing) or written notice to the exchange agent. If the exchange offer is amended in a manner determined by us to constitute a material change, we will promptly disclose such amendment in a manner reasonably calculated to inform the holders of the Initial Notes of such amendment and we will extend the exchange offer for a period of five to ten business days. Without limiting the manner in which we may choose to make public the announcement of any delay, extension, amendment or termination of the exchange offer, we shall have no obligation to publish, advertise or otherwise communicate any such public announcement, other than by making a timely release to an appropriate news agency.

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Interest on the New Notes

        The New 2016 Notes will accrue interest at the rate of 3.625% per annum, the New 2021 Notes will accrue interest at 5.125% per annum and the New 2041 Notes will accrue interest at 6.875% per annum. The New Notes will accrue interest from and including the last interest payment date on which interest was paid on the Initial Notes surrendered in exchange therefor; provided that if Initial Notes are surrendered for exchange on or after a record date for an interest payment date that will occur on or after the date of such exchange and as to which interest will be paid, interest on the New Notes received in exchange therefor will accrue from the date of such interest payment date. Interest on the New Notes is payable on March 1 and September 1, beginning on September 1, 2012. No additional interest will be paid on Initial Notes tendered and accepted for exchange.

Absence of Dissenter's Rights of Appraisal

        Holders of the Initial Notes do not have any dissenter's rights of appraisal in connection with the exchange offer.

Procedures for Tendering

        To tender in the exchange offer, a holder must complete, sign and date the applicable letter of transmittal or a facsimile thereof, have the signatures thereon guaranteed if required by the letter of transmittal and mail, or otherwise deliver, such letter of transmittal or such facsimile, together with any other required documents, to the exchange agent prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date. In addition, either:

•

a timely confirmation of a book-entry transfer of such Initial Notes, if such procedure is available, into the exchange agent's account at the book-entry transfer facility, The Depository Trust Company, pursuant to the procedure for book-entry transfer described below, must be received by the exchange agent prior to the expiration date with the applicable letter of transmittal; or



•

the holder must comply with the guaranteed delivery procedures described below.

        The method of delivery of Initial Notes, letter of transmittal and all other required documents is at the election and risk of the holders. If such delivery is by mail, it is recommended that registered mail, properly insured, with return receipt requested, be used. In all cases, sufficient time should be allowed to assure timely delivery. No Initial Notes, letters of transmittal or other required documents should be sent to us. Delivery of all Initial Notes, if applicable, letters of transmittal and other documents must be made to the exchange agent at its address set forth in the letter of transmittal. Holders may also request their respective brokers, dealers, commercial banks, trust companies or nominees to effect such tender for such holders.

        The tender by a holder of Initial Notes will constitute an agreement between such holder and us in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein and in the applicable letter of transmittal. Any beneficial owner whose Initial Notes are registered in the name of a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee and who wishes to tender should contact such registered holder promptly and instruct such registered holder to tender on its behalf.

        Signatures on a letter of transmittal or a notice of withdrawal, as the case may be, must be guaranteed by any member firm of a registered national securities exchange or of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States or an "eligible guarantor" institution within the meaning of Rule 17Ad-15 under the Exchange Act or an eligible institution unless the Initial Notes tendered pursuant thereto are tendered (1) by a registered holder of Initial Notes who has not completed the box entitled "Special Issuance Instructions" or "Special Delivery Instructions" on the letter of transmittal or (2) for the account of an eligible institution.

        If a letter of transmittal is signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such person should so indicate when signing and, unless waived by us, evidence satisfactory to us of their authority to so act must be submitted with such letter of transmittal.

        All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility, time of receipt and withdrawal of the tendered Initial Notes will be determined by us in our sole discretion, which determination will be final and binding. We reserve the

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absolute right to reject any and all Initial Notes not properly tendered or any Initial Notes which, if accepted, would, in the opinion of counsel for us, be unlawful. We also reserve the absolute right to waive any irregularities or conditions of tender as to particular Initial Notes. We will not waive any condition of the exchange offer with respect to an individual holder unless we waive that condition for all holders. Our interpretation of the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, including the instructions in the letter of transmittal, will be final and binding on all parties. Unless waived, any defects or irregularities in connection with tenders of Initial Notes must be cured within such time as we shall determine. Neither we, the exchange agent nor any other person shall be under any duty to give notification of defects or irregularities with respect to tenders of Initial Notes, nor shall any of them incur any liability for failure to give such notification. Tenders of Initial Notes will not be deemed to have been made until such irregularities have been cured or waived. Any Initial Note received by the exchange agent that is not properly tendered and as to which the defects or irregularities have not been cured or waived will be returned without cost to such holder by the exchange agent, unless otherwise provided in the letter of transmittal, promptly following the expiration date.

        In addition, we reserve the right, in our sole discretion, subject to the provisions of the indenture pursuant to which the Initial Notes were issued:

•

to purchase or make offers for any Initial Notes that remain outstanding subsequent to the expiration date or, as described under "— Conditions," to terminate the exchange offer,



•

to redeem Initial Notes as a whole, or in part, at any time and from time to time, as described under "Description of the Notes and Guarantees — Optional Redemption," and



•

to the extent permitted under applicable law, to purchase Initial Notes in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise.

The terms of any such purchases or offers could differ from the terms of the exchange offer.

        Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account in exchange for Initial Notes where such Initial Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making or other trading activities, must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus meeting the requirements of the Securities Act and that it has not entered into any arrangement or understanding with us, or an affiliate of ours, to distribute the New Notes in connection with any resale of such New Notes. See "Plan of Distribution."

Acceptance of Initial Notes for Exchange; Delivery of New Notes

        Upon satisfaction or waiver of all of the conditions to the exchange offer, all Initial Notes properly tendered will be accepted promptly after the expiration date and the New Notes will be issued promptly after acceptance of the Initial Notes. See "— Conditions." For purposes of the exchange offer, Initial Notes shall be deemed to have been accepted as validly tendered for exchange when, as and if we have given oral (promptly confirmed in writing) or written notice thereof to the exchange agent.

        For each Initial Note of any series accepted for exchange, the holder of such Initial Note will receive a New Note of the respective series having a principal amount equal to that of the surrendered Initial Note.

        In all cases, issuance of New Notes for Initial Notes that are accepted for exchange pursuant to the exchange offer will be made only after timely receipt by the exchange agent of:

•

a timely book-entry confirmation of such Initial Notes into the exchange agent's account at the applicable book-entry transfer facility,



•

a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal, and



•

all other required documents.

        If any tendered Initial Notes are not accepted for any reason described in the terms and conditions of the exchange offer, such unaccepted or such non-exchanged Initial Notes will be returned promptly without expense to the tendering holder thereof (if in certificated form), or credited to an account maintained with such book-entry transfer facility after the expiration or termination of the exchange offer.

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Book-Entry Transfer

        The exchange agent has established an account with respect to the Initial Notes at the book-entry transfer facility for purposes of the exchange offer. Any financial institution that is a participant in the book-entry transfer facility's systems may make book-entry delivery of Initial Notes by causing the book-entry transfer facility to transfer such Initial Notes into the exchange agent's account at the book-entry transfer facility in accordance with such book-entry transfer facility's procedures for transfer. However, although delivery of Initial Notes may be effected through book-entry transfer at the book-entry transfer facility, the letter of transmittal or facsimile thereof with any required signature guarantees and any other required documents must, in any case, be transmitted to and received by the exchange agent at the address set forth in the letter of transmittal on or prior to the expiration date or the guaranteed delivery procedures described below must be complied with.

Exchanging Book-Entry Notes

        The exchange agent and the book-entry transfer facility have confirmed that any financial institution that is a participant in the book-entry transfer facility may utilize the book-entry transfer facility's Automated Tender Offer Program ("ATOP") procedures to tender Initial Notes.

        Any participant in the book-entry transfer facility may make book-entry delivery of Initial Notes by causing the book-entry transfer facility to transfer such Initial Notes into the exchange agent's account in accordance with the book-entry transfer facility's ATOP procedures for transfer. However, the exchange for the Initial Notes so tendered will only be made after a book-entry confirmation of the book-entry transfer of Initial Notes into the exchange agent's account and timely receipt by the exchange agent of an agent's message and any other documents required by the letter of transmittal. The term "agent's message" means a message, transmitted by the book-entry transfer facility and received by the exchange agent and forming part of a book-entry confirmation, which states that the book-entry transfer facility has received an express acknowledgment from a participant tendering Initial Notes that are the subject of such book-entry confirmation, that such participant has received and agrees to be bound by the terms of the letter of transmittal and that we may enforce such agreement against such participant.

Guaranteed Delivery Procedures

        If the procedures for book-entry transfer cannot be completed on a timely basis, a tender may be effected if:

•

the tender is made through an eligible institution;



•

prior to the expiration date, the exchange agent receives by facsimile transmission, mail or hand delivery from such eligible institution a properly completed and duly executed letter of transmittal and notice of guaranteed delivery, substantially in the form provided by us, which:



(1)

sets forth the name and address of the holder of Initial Notes and identifies the Initial Notes tendered, including the principal amount of such Initial Notes;



(2)

states that the tender is being made thereby; and



(3)

guarantees that within three New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"), trading days after the date of execution of the notice of guaranteed delivery, or a book-entry confirmation, as the case may be, and any other documents required by the letter transmittal will be deposited by the eligible institution with the exchange agent; and



•

a book-entry confirmation and all other documents required by the letter of transmittal are received by the exchange agent within three NYSE trading days after the date of execution of the notice of guaranteed delivery.

Withdrawal of Tenders

        Tenders of Initial Notes may be withdrawn at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date.

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        For a withdrawal to be effective, a written notice of withdrawal must be received by the exchange agent prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date at the address set forth in the letter of transmittal. Any such notice of withdrawal must:

•

specify the name of the person having tendered the Initial Notes to be withdrawn;



•

identify the Initial Notes to be withdrawn, including the principal amount of such Initial Notes;



•

in the case of Initial Notes tendered by book-entry transfer, specify the number of the account at the book-entry transfer facility from which the Initial Notes were tendered and specify the name and number of the account at the book-entry transfer facility to be credited with the withdrawn Initial Notes and otherwise comply with the procedures of such facility;



•

contain a statement that such holder is withdrawing its election to have such Initial Notes exchanged;



•

be signed by the holder in the same manner as the original signature on the letter of transmittal by which such Initial Notes were tendered including any required signature guarantees, or be accompanied by documents of transfer to have the trustees with respect to the Initial Notes in the name of the person withdrawing the tender; and



•

specify the name in which such Initial Notes are registered, if different from the person who tendered such Initial Notes.

        All questions as to the validity, form, eligibility and time of receipt of such notice will be determined by us, which determination shall be final and binding on all parties. Any Initial Notes so withdrawn will be deemed not to have been validly tendered for exchange for purposes of the exchange offer. Any Initial Notes which have been tendered for exchange but which are not exchanged for any reason will be returned to the tendering holder thereof without cost to such holder, in the case of physically tendered Initial Notes, or credited to an account maintained with the book-entry transfer facility for the Initial Notes promptly after withdrawal, rejection of tender or termination of the exchange offer. Properly withdrawn Initial Notes may be re-tendered by following one of the procedures described under "— Procedures for Tendering" and "— Book-Entry Transfer" above at any time prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date.

Conditions

        Notwithstanding any other provisions of the exchange offer, or any extension of the exchange offer, we will not be required to accept for exchange, or to exchange any New Notes for, any Initial Notes and we may terminate the exchange offer or, at our option, modify, extend or otherwise amend the exchange offer, if any of the following conditions are not satisfied on or prior to the expiration date:

•

no action or event shall have occurred or been threatened, no action shall have been taken, and no statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, stay, decree or injunction shall have been issued, promulgated, enacted, entered, enforced or deemed to be applicable to the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer by or before any court or governmental regulatory or administrative agency, authority, instrumentality or tribunal, including, without limitation, taxing authorities, that either:



(1)

challenges the making of the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer or might, directly or indirectly, be expected to prohibit, prevent, restrict or delay consummation of, or might otherwise adversely affect in any material manner, the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer; or



(2)

in our reasonable judgment, could materially adversely affect our (or our subsidiaries') business, condition (financial or otherwise), income, operations, properties, assets, liabilities or prospects or materially impair the contemplated benefits to us of the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer;



•

nothing has occurred or may occur that would or might, in our reasonable judgment, be expected to prohibit, prevent, restrict or delay the exchange offer or impair our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the exchange offer;

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•

there shall not have occurred: (a) any general suspension of or limitation on trading in securities in Canadian or United States securities or financial markets, whether or not mandatory, (b) any material adverse change in the prices of the Initial Notes that are the subject of the exchange offer, (c) a material impairment in the general trading market for debt securities, (d) a declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks by federal or state authorities in Canada or the United States, whether or not mandatory, (e) a commencement of a war, armed hostilities, a terrorist act or other national or international calamity directly or indirectly relating to Canada or the United States, (f) any limitation, whether or not mandatory, by any governmental authority on, or other event having a reasonable likelihood of affecting, the extension of credit by banks or other lending institutions in Canada or the United States, (g) any material adverse change in the securities or financial markets in Canada or the United States generally or (h) in the case of any of the foregoing existing at the time of the commencement of the exchange offer, a material acceleration or worsening thereof; and



•

neither Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee or as exchange agent, with respect to the indenture for the Initial Notes that are the subject of the exchange offer and the New Notes to be issued in the exchange offer shall have been directed by any holders of Initial Notes to object in any respect to, nor take any action that could, in our reasonable judgment, adversely affect the consummation of the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer, nor shall the trustee or exchange agent have taken any action that challenges the validity or effectiveness of the procedures used by us in making the exchange offer or the exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes under the exchange offer.

        The foregoing conditions are for our sole benefit and may be asserted by us, regardless of the circumstances giving rise to any such condition, or may be waived by us, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time in our reasonable discretion. All such conditions must be satisfied or waived by us, as applicable, at or before the expiration of the exchange offer.

        If any of the foregoing conditions are not satisfied, we may, at any time on or prior to the expiration date:

•

terminate the exchange offer and promptly return all tendered Initial Notes to the respective tendering holders;



•

modify, extend or otherwise amend the exchange offer and retain all tendered New Notes until the expiration date, as extended, subject, however, to the withdrawal rights of holders; or



•

waive the unsatisfied conditions with respect to the exchange offer and accept all Initial Notes tendered and not previously validly withdrawn.

        We will not accept for exchange any Initial Notes tendered, and no New Notes will be issued in exchange for any such Initial Notes, if at such time any stop order shall be threatened or in effect with respect to the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part or the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. We are required to use our commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement at the earliest practicable date.

        In addition, subject to applicable law, we may in our absolute discretion terminate the exchange offer for any other reason.

Exchange Agent

        Wells Fargo Bank, National Association has been appointed as exchange agent for the exchange offer. Questions and requests for assistance and requests for additional copies of this prospectus, or of the letter of transmittal, should be directed to the exchange agent as provided in the letter of transmittal.

Fees and Expenses

        The expenses of soliciting tenders pursuant to the exchange offer will be borne by us. The principal solicitation for tenders pursuant to the exchange offer is being made by mail; however, additional solicitations may be made by telephone, telecopy or in person by our officers and regular employees.

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        We will not make any payments to brokers, dealers or other persons soliciting acceptances of the exchange offer. We will, however, pay the exchange agent reasonable and customary fees for its services and will reimburse the exchange agent for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection therewith. We may also pay brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries the reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in forwarding copies of the prospectus and related documents to the beneficial owners of the Initial Notes, and in handling or forwarding tenders for exchange.

        The expenses to be incurred by us in connection with the exchange offer will be paid by us, including fees and expenses of the exchange agent and trustee and accounting, legal, printing and related fees and expenses.

        We will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the exchange of Initial Notes pursuant to the exchange offer. If, however, New Notes or Initial Notes for principal amounts not tendered or accepted for exchange are to be registered or issued in the name of any person other than the registered holder of the Initial Notes tendered, or if tendered Initial Notes are registered in the name of any person other than the person signing the letter of transmittal, or if a transfer tax is imposed for any reason other than the exchange of Initial Notes pursuant to the exchange offer, then the amount of any such transfer taxes imposed on the registered holder or any other persons will be payable by the tendering holder. If satisfactory evidence of payment of such taxes or exemption therefrom is not submitted with the letter of transmittal, the amount of such transfer taxes will be billed directly to such tendering holder.

Consequences of Failure to Exchange

        Holders of Initial Notes who do not exchange their Initial Notes for New Notes pursuant to the exchange offer will continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer of such Initial Notes as set forth in the legend thereon as a consequence of the issuance of the Initial Notes pursuant to exemptions from, or in transactions not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. The Initial Notes may not be offered, sold or otherwise transferred, except in compliance with the registration requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act or in a transaction not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and in compliance with applicable state securities laws. We do not currently anticipate that we will register the Initial Notes under the Securities Act. To the extent that Initial Notes are tendered and accepted in the exchange offer, the trading market for untendered and tendered but unaccepted Initial Notes could be adversely affected. See "Risk Factors — If you fail to exchange your Initial Notes, they will continue to be restricted securities and may become less liquid."

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We will not receive any proceeds from the exchange offer. In consideration for issuing New Notes, we will receive in exchange Initial Notes of like principal amount, the terms of which are identical in all material respects to the New Notes. Initial Notes surrendered in exchange for New Notes will be retired and cancelled and cannot be reissued. Accordingly, issuance of the New Notes will not result in any increase in our indebtedness and will evidence the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial Notes. We have agreed to bear all fees and expenses related to the exchange offer. No underwriter is being used in connection with the exchange offer.

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CONSOLIDATED RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

        Kinross' unaudited ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated below was as follows, with the periods ending prior to January 1, 2010 calculated, based on information prepared according to US GAAP, and the periods ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 calculated, based on information prepared according to IFRS:

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CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION

        The following table sets forth our consolidated cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and other short-term investments and capitalization as of December 31, 2011. There have been no material changes in the share and loan capital of Kinross, on a consolidated basis, since December 31, 2011. The table below (which reflects financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS) should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of Kinross as at and for the year ended December 31, 2011, including the notes thereto and the related management's discussion and analysis.

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EARNINGS COVERAGE

        The following earnings coverage ratio is calculated on a consolidated basis using financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2011 and is based on audited financial information.

        Our interest requirements on our consolidated long-term debt were $71.2 million for the 12 months ended December 31, 2011 (including amounts capitalized during the period). Our loss before interest expense and income taxes attributed to common shareholders for the 12 months ended December, 2011 was $1,531.5 million which is (21.5) times our interest requirements for this period. Due to our loss for the year ended December 31, 2011, the earnings coverage ratio was negative for this period. The loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 included the effect of a $2,937.6 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge relating to Tasiast and Chirano. Had this charge been excluded from the calculation, the earnings coverage ratio would have been 19.7 as at December 31, 2011.

        In order to achieve an earnings coverage ratio of 1:1 as at December 31, 2011, Kinross would need additional earnings before interest and income taxes of $1,602.7 million.

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DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES AND GUARANTEES

        The following description is a summary of the material provisions of the New Notes, the Guarantees and the indenture. It does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the indenture, because the indenture, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of the Notes. The indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. You should refer to all the provisions of the indenture, including the definition of certain terms used therein. Terms used herein that are otherwise not defined shall have the meanings given to them in the indenture. Such defined terms shall be incorporated herein by reference. In this section the terms "Kinross," "we," "our," and "us" refer only to Kinross Gold Corporation and not to any of its subsidiaries.

General

        The Initial 2016 Notes were initially issued in an aggregate principal amount of $250,000,000. The New 2016 Notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of Kinross evidencing the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial 2016 Notes and will mature on September 1, 2016. The New 2016 Notes will bear interest at the rate of 3.625% per annum from and including the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or provided for, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, to the persons in whose names the New 2016 Notes are registered at the close of business on the preceding February 15 or August 15, as the case may be.

        The Initial 2021 Notes were initially issued in an aggregate principal amount of $500,000,000. The New 2021 Notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of Kinross evidencing the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial 2021 Notes and will mature on September 1, 2021. The New 2021 Notes will bear interest at the rate of 5.125% per annum from and including the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or provided for, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, to the persons in whose names the New 2021 Notes are registered at the close of business on the preceding February 15 or August 15, as the case may be.

        The Initial 2041 Notes were initially issued in an aggregate principal amount of $250,000,000. The New 2041 Notes are unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of Kinross evidencing the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial 2041 Notes and will mature on September 1, 2041. The New 2041 Notes will bear interest at the rate of 6.875% per annum from and including the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or provided for, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, to the persons in whose names the New 2041 Notes are registered at the close of business on the preceding February 15 or August 15, as the case may be.

        All payments will be made without withholding or deduction for or on account of Taxes unless required by law or the interpretation or administration thereof by the relevant government authority or agency. If we are so required to withhold or deduct any amount for or on account of Taxes, we will pay as additional interest such additional amounts, as necessary, so that the net amount received by each holder of New Notes after the withholding or deduction is not less than the amount that each holder of New Notes would have received in the absence of the withholding or deduction. See "— Payment of Additional Amounts." If interest or principal on the New Notes is payable on a Saturday, Sunday or any other day when banks are not open for business in The City of New York, we will make the payment on the next business day, and no interest will accrue as a result of the delay in payment.

        Interest on the New Notes will accrue on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months from and including the last interest payment date on which interest has been paid.

        The New Notes will be payable at the office of the paying agent maintained by us for such purpose, in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which initially will be the office or agency of the Trustee at 45 Broadway, 14th Floor, New York, New York 10006. New Notes may be presented for exchange or registration of transfer at the office of the registrar, which initially will be such office of the Trustee. We will not charge a service fee for any registration of transfer or exchange of the New Notes, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax, assessment or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

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Guarantees

Subsidiary Guarantees

        The payment of principal of and interest and additional amounts, if any, on the New Notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Guarantor Subsidiaries. Any payments made by the Guarantor Subsidiaries with respect to a note or guarantee will be made without withholding or deduction for or on account of Taxes unless required by law or by the interpretation or administration thereof by the relevant government authority or agency. If a Guarantor Subsidiary is so required to withhold or deduct any amount for or on account of Taxes, it will pay as additional interest such additional amounts, as necessary, so that the net amount received by each holder of New Notes after the withholding or deduction is not less than the amount that each holder of New Notes would have received in the absence of the withholding or deduction. See "— Payment of Additional Amounts."

        The indenture limits the obligations of each Guarantor Subsidiary under its guarantee of the New Notes to an amount not to exceed the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by such Guarantor Subsidiary by law or without resulting in its obligations under guarantee being voidable or unenforceable under applicable laws relating to fraudulent transfer, or under similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.

Additional Guarantees

        Kinross shall cause each subsidiary that becomes a borrower or Guarantor Subsidiary under the Credit Agreement, to become a Guarantor Subsidiary of the New Notes.

Release of Guarantees

        Under the indenture, a Guarantor Subsidiary will be released and relieved of its obligations under its Guarantee in respect of the New Notes, and such Guarantee will be terminated, upon our written request (without the consent of the trustee) if (i) the Guarantor Subsidiary is no longer a borrower or Guarantor Subsidiary under the Credit Agreement or will be released and relieved of its obligations under the Credit Agreement concurrently with the release of the guarantee of the New Notes and (ii) upon satisfaction and discharge of the indenture or defeasance or covenant defeasance in accordance with the terms of the indenture.

Further Issuance

        We may from time to time without notice to, or the consent of, the holders of the New Notes of any series, create and issue additional New Notes of any series under the indenture, equal in rank to the outstanding New Notes of that series in all respects (or in all respects except for the payment of interest accruing prior to the issue date of the new notes, or except, in some cases, for the first payment of interest following the issue date of the new notes) so that the new notes may be consolidated and form a single series with the outstanding New Notes of that series, and have the same terms as to status, redemption and otherwise as New Notes of that series issued under this prospectus.

Ranking

        The New Notes will be our unsecured senior obligations and will rank equally with all of our other unsecured senior obligations from time to time outstanding. The Guarantees will be unsecured senior obligations of the respective Guarantor Subsidiary and will rank equally with all other unsecured senior obligations of the respective Guarantor Subsidiary from time to time outstanding. The New Notes will be effectively subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our non-guarantor subsidiaries, and the New Notes and the Guarantees will be effectively subordinated to any secured indebtedness and other secured liabilities of ours and the Guarantor Subsidiaries in each case to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness and other liabilities.

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Optional Redemption

New 2016 Notes

        The New 2016 Notes will be redeemable as a whole or in part, at our option, at any time prior to September 1, 2016, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the New 2016 Notes called for redemption and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on such New 2016 Notes (exclusive of interest accrued to the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus 40 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued interest thereon to, but not including, the date of redemption.

New 2021 Notes

        The New 2021 Notes will be redeemable as a whole or in part, at our option, at any time prior to June 1, 2021 (three months prior to the maturity date), at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the New 2021 Notes called for redemption and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on such New 2021 Notes (exclusive of interest accrued to the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus 45 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued interest thereon to, but not including, the date of redemption.

        On or after June 1, 2021 (three months prior to the maturity date), the New 2021 Notes may be redeemed in whole, but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the New 2021 Notes plus accrued interest thereon to, but not including, the date of redemption.

New 2041 Notes

        The New 2041 Notes will be redeemable as a whole or in part, at our option, at any time prior to March 1, 2041 (six months prior to the maturity date), at a redemption price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the New 2041 Notes called for redemption and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on such New 2041 Notes (exclusive of interest accrued to the date of redemption) discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus 50 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued interest thereon to, but not including, the date of redemption.

        On or after March 1, 2041 (six months prior to the maturity date), the New 2041 Notes may be redeemed in whole, but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the New 2041 Notes plus accrued interest thereon to, but not including, the date of redemption.

Redemption Procedures

        We will give you at least 30 days (but not more than 60 days) prior notice of any redemption. If less than all of the New Notes are redeemed, the trustee will select the New Notes to be redeemed by a method determined by the trustee to be fair and appropriate and in accordance with the procedures of DTCC.

        On or before 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the redemption date, we will deposit with the trustee money sufficient to pay the redemption price and accrued interest on the New Notes to be redeemed on such date. On and after the redemption date, interest will cease to accrue on any New Notes that have been called for redemption (unless we default in the payment of the redemption price and accrued interest). The redemption price will be calculated by the Independent Investment Banker, as provided below, and we, the trustee and any paying agent for the New Notes will be entitled to conclusively rely on such calculation.

        If notice of redemption has been given as provided in the indenture and funds for the redemption of the New Notes called for redemption have been made available on the redemption date referred to in such notice, such New Notes will cease to bear interest on the date fixed for such redemption specified in such notice and the only right of the holders of the New Notes will be to receive payment of the redemption price plus accrued interest to, but not including, the date of redemption.

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        For purposes of the discussion of optional redemption, the following definitions are applicable:

        "Comparable Treasury Issue" means the United States Treasury security or securities selected by an Independent Investment Banker as having an actual or interpolated maturity comparable to the remaining term of the New Notes to be redeemed that would be utilized, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary financial practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of a comparable maturity to the remaining term of such New Notes.

        "Comparable Treasury Price" means, with respect to any redemption date, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for such redemption date, after excluding the highest and lowest such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if we obtain fewer than three such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such quotations.

        "Independent Investment Banker" means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by us.

        "Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations" means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any redemption date, the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to us by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 3:30 p.m. New York time on the third business day preceding such redemption date.

        "Reference Treasury Dealer" means each of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, or their respective affiliates which are primary U.S. government securities dealers, and two other primary U.S. government securities dealers in the United States (each a "primary treasury dealer") selected by us, and their respective successors; provided, however, that if any of the foregoing or their affiliates shall cease to be a primary treasury dealer, we shall substitute another primary treasury dealer.

        "Treasury Rate" means, with respect to any redemption date, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity or interpolated (on a day count basis) of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for such redemption date.

Change of Control Repurchase Event

        If a Change of Control Repurchase Event occurs with respect to a series of New Notes, unless we have exercised our right to redeem the New Notes of that series as described above, we will be required to make an offer to each holder of the New Notes of that series to repurchase all or any part (in multiples of $1,000 with no note of a principal amount of $2,000 or less purchased in part) of that holder's New Notes of that series at a repurchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the New Notes repurchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest on the New Notes repurchased to, but not including, the date of repurchase.

        Within 45 days following any Change of Control Repurchase Event or, at our option, prior to any Change of Control but after the public announcement of the Change of Control, we will mail a notice to each holder, with a copy to the trustee, describing the transaction or transactions that constitute or may constitute the Change of Control Repurchase Event and offering to repurchase the New Notes on the payment date specified in the notice, which date will be no earlier than 30 days and no later than 60 days from the date such notice is mailed, other than as may be required by law. The notice shall, if mailed prior to the date of consummation of the Change of Control, state that the offer to purchase is conditioned on a Change of Control occurring on or prior to the payment date specified in the notice.

        We will comply with the requirements of Rule 14e-1 under the Exchange Act, and any other securities laws and regulations thereunder to the extent those laws and regulations are applicable in connection with the repurchase of the New Notes as a result of a Change of Control Repurchase Event. To the extent that the provisions of any securities laws or regulations conflict with the Change of Control Repurchase Event provisions of the New Notes, we will comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached our obligations under the Change of Control Repurchase Event provisions of the New Notes by virtue of such conflict.

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        On the repurchase date following a Change of Control Repurchase Event, we will, to the extent lawful:

(1)

accept for payment all New Notes or portions of the New Notes properly tendered pursuant to our offer;



(2)

deposit with the trustee or the paying agent, as applicable, an amount equal to the aggregate purchase price in respect of all New Notes or portions of the New Notes properly tendered; and



(3)

deliver or cause to be delivered to the trustee or the paying agent, as applicable, the New Notes properly accepted, together with an officer's certificate stating the aggregate principal amount of the New Notes being purchased by us.

        The trustee or the paying agent, as applicable, will promptly pay to each holder of the New Notes properly tendered the purchase price for the New Notes, and the trustee will promptly authenticate and deliver to each holder a new note equal in principal amount to any unpurchased portion of any New Notes surrendered; provided that each new note will be in a minimum principal amount of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000.

        We will not be required to make an offer to repurchase the New Notes upon a Change of Control Repurchase Event if a third party makes such an offer in the manner, at the times and otherwise in compliance with the requirements for an offer made by us and such third party purchases all New Notes properly tendered and not withdrawn under its offer.

        Prior to the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event, the provisions under the indenture relating to our obligation to make an offer to repurchase upon a Change of Control Repurchase Event may be waived or modified with the written consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the New Notes of the relevant series.

        For purposes of the foregoing discussion of an offer to repurchase, the following definitions are applicable:

        "Change of Control" means the occurrence of any of the following:

(1)

the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger, amalgamation or statutory plan of arrangement or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries taken as a whole to any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) other than to us or one of our subsidiaries;



(2)

the consummation of any transaction (including, without limitation, any merger, amalgamation or statutory plan of arrangement or consolidation) the result of which is that any "person" or "group" (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the combined voting power of our Voting Stock or other Voting Stock into which our Voting Stock is reclassified, consolidated, exchanged or changed, measured by voting power rather than number of shares;



(3)

we consolidate, amalgamate, or enter into a statutory plan of arrangement with, or merge with or into, any "person" (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), or any person consolidates, amalgamates, or enters into a statutory plan of arrangement with, or merges with or into, us, in any such event pursuant to a transaction in which any of our outstanding Voting Stock or the Voting Stock of such other person is converted into or exchanged for cash, securities or other property, other than any such transaction where the shares of our Voting Stock outstanding immediately prior to such transaction constitute, or are converted into or exchanged for, Voting Stock representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the surviving person immediately after giving effect to such transaction;



(4)

the first day on which the majority of the members of our board of directors cease to be Continuing Directors; or



(5)

the adoption of a plan relating to our liquidation or dissolution.

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        Notwithstanding the foregoing, any holding company whose only significant asset is capital stock of us or any of our direct or indirect parent companies shall not itself be considered a "person" or "group" for purposes of clause (2) above.

        The definition of Change of Control includes a phrase relating to the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of "all or substantially all" of our and our subsidiaries' properties or assets taken as a whole. Although there is a limited body of case law interpreting the phrase "substantially all", there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable law. Accordingly, the ability of a holder of New Notes to require us to make an offer to repurchase such holder's New Notes as a result of a sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of less than all of our and our subsidiaries' assets taken as a whole to another person or group may be uncertain.

        "Change of Control Repurchase Event" means each of the Rating Agencies downgrade their ratings of a series of New Notes by at least one "notch" and, following such downgrades, the New Notes of such series are rated below Investment Grade by each of the Rating Agencies on any date during the period (the "trigger period") commencing on the date of the first public announcement by the Company of any Change of Control (or pending Change of Control) and ending 60 days following consummation of such Change of Control (which trigger period shall be extended so long as the rating of the New Notes of such series is under publicly announced consideration for a possible downgrade by any of the Rating Agencies). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Change of Control Repurchase Event will be deemed to have occurred in connection with any particular Change of Control unless and until such Change of Control has actually been consummated.

        "Continuing Director" means, as of any date of determination, any member of our board of directors who:

(1)

was a member of such board of directors on August 22, 2011; or



(2)

was nominated for election, elected or appointed to such board of directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of such board of directors at the time of such nomination, election or appointment (either by a specific vote or by approval of our proxy statement in which such member was named as a nominee for election as a director, without objection to such nomination).

        "Investment Grade" means a rating of Baa3 or better by Moody's (or its equivalent under any successor rating categories of Moody's); a rating of BBB- or better by S&P (or its equivalent under any successor rating categories of S&P); and the equivalent investment grade credit rating from any additional rating agency or rating agencies selected by us.

        "Moody's" means Moody's Investors Service, Inc., a subsidiary of Moody's Corporation, and its successors.

        "Rating Agency" means each of Moody's and S&P; provided, that if either Moody's or S&P ceases to rate the New Notes or fails to make a rating of the New Notes publicly available for any reason that is beyond our control, we may select (as certified by a resolution of our board of directors) a "nationally recognized statistical rating organization" within the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act, as a replacement agency for Moody's or S&P, or both of them, as the case may be.

        "S&P" means Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., and its successors.

        "Voting Stock" of any specified "person" (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act) as of any date means the capital stock of such person that is at the time entitled to vote generally in the election of the board of directors of such person.

        The Change of Control Repurchase Event feature of the New Notes may in certain circumstances make more difficult or discourage a sale or takeover of Kinross and, therefore, the removal of incumbent management. Subject to the limitations discussed below, we could, in the future, enter into certain transactions, including acquisitions, refinancings or other recapitalizations, that would not constitute a Change of Control Repurchase Event under the New Notes, but that could substantially increase the amount of indebtedness outstanding at such time or otherwise adversely affect our capital structure or credit ratings on the New Notes.

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        We may not have sufficient funds to repurchase all the New Notes tendered for repurchase upon a Change of Control Repurchase Event. See "Risk Factors."

Certain Covenants

Definitions

        Set forth below is a summary of certain of the defined terms used in the indenture. We urge you to read the indenture for the full definition of all such terms.

        "Consolidated Net Tangible Assets" means the aggregate amount of assets (less applicable reserves and other properly deductible items) after deducting therefrom (1) all current liabilities (excluding any portion thereof constituting Funded Debt); and (2) all goodwill, trade names, trademarks, patents, unamortized debt discount and expense and other like intangibles, all as set forth on the most recent consolidated balance sheet of Kinross and computed in accordance with GAAP.

        "Credit Agreement" means the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2011, among Kinross Gold Corporation, Kinross Gold U.S.A., Inc., Round Mountain Gold Corporation and Kinross Brasil Minercaçao S.A., the lending institutions named therein and The Bank of Nova Scotia, as administrative agent, as amended, extended, renewed, restated, supplemented, refunded, replaced or otherwise modified from time to time by one or more credit facilities, and any agreement entered into in substitution therefor.

        "Funded Debt" means, as applied to any person, all indebtedness created or assumed by such person maturing after, or renewable or extendable at the option of such person beyond, 12 months from the date of creation thereof.

        "GAAP" means IFRS as issued by the IASB in effect from time to time or, if different and then used by us for our public financial reporting purposes in Canada, generally accepted accounting principles in Canada or the United States.

        "Indebtedness" means all obligations for borrowed money represented by New Notes, bonds, debentures or similar evidence of indebtedness and obligations for borrowed money evidenced by credit, loan or other like agreements.

        "Lien" means any deed of trust, mortgage, charge, hypothec, assignment, pledge, lien, vendor's privilege, vendor's right of reclamation or other security interest or encumbrance of any kind incurred or assumed in order to secure payment of Indebtedness.

        "person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

        "Principal Property" means the interest of Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary in any (a) mineral property or (b) manufacturing or processing plant, building, structure, dam or other facility, together with the land upon which it is erected and fixtures comprising a part thereof, whether owned as of the date of the indenture or thereafter acquired or constructed by Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary, the net book value of which interest, in each case, on the date as of which the determination is being made, is an amount that exceeds 7% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, except any such mineral property, plant, building, structure, dam or other facility or any portion thereof, together with the land upon which it is erected and fixtures comprising a part thereof, (i) acquired or constructed principally for the purpose of controlling or abating atmospheric pollutants or contaminants, or water, noise, odor or other pollution or (ii) which the board of directors of Kinross by resolution declares is not of material importance to the total business conducted by Kinross and its Restricted Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise.

        "Restricted Subsidiary" means (1) any Subsidiary of Kinross which owns or leases a Principal Property; and (2) any Subsidiary of Kinross engaged primarily in the business of owning or holding securities of Restricted Subsidiaries.

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        "Subsidiary" means, at any relevant time, any person of which the voting shares or other interests carrying more than 50% of the outstanding voting rights attached to all outstanding voting shares or other interests are owned, directly or indirectly, by a person and/or one or more subsidiaries of such person.

Negative Pledge

        For so long as any New Notes are outstanding, we will not, and we will not permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, issue, assume or otherwise have outstanding any Lien on or over any Principal Property now owned or hereafter acquired by Kinross or a Restricted Subsidiary to secure any Indebtedness, or on shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary now owned or hereafter acquired by Kinross or a Restricted Subsidiary to secure any Indebtedness, unless at the time thereof or prior thereto all New Notes then outstanding (together with, if and to the extent we so determine, any other Indebtedness then existing or thereafter created), are secured equally and ratably with (or prior to) any and all such Indebtedness for so long as such Indebtedness is so secured by such Lien; provided, however, such negative pledge will not apply to or operate to prevent or restrict the following permitted Liens:

(1)

any Lien on property, shares of stock or Indebtedness of any person existing at the time such person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or created, incurred, issued or assumed in connection with the acquisition of any such person;



(2)

any Lien on any Principal Property created, incurred, issued or assumed at or prior to the time such property became a Principal Property or existing at the time of acquisition of such Principal Property by Kinross or a Restricted Subsidiary, whether or not assumed by Kinross or such Restricted Subsidiary; provided that no such Lien will extend to any other Principal Property of Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary;



(3)

any Lien on any Principal Property of any Restricted Subsidiary to secure Indebtedness owing by it to Kinross or to another Restricted Subsidiary;



(4)

any Lien on any Principal Property of Kinross to secure Indebtedness owing by it to a Restricted Subsidiary;



(5)

any Lien on any Principal Property or other assets of Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary existing on the date of the indenture, or arising thereafter pursuant to contractual commitments entered into prior to the date of the indenture;



(6)

any Lien on all or any part of any Principal Property (including any improvements or additions to improvements on a Principal Property), or on any shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary directly or indirectly owning or operating such Principal Property, where such Principal Property is hereafter acquired, developed, expanded or constructed by Kinross or any Subsidiary, to secure the payment of all or any part of the purchase price, cost of acquisition or any cost of development, expansion or construction of such Principal Property or of improvements or additions to improvements thereon (or to secure any Indebtedness incurred by Kinross or a Subsidiary for the purpose of financing all or any part of the purchase price, cost of acquisition or cost of development, expansion or construction thereof or of improvements or additions to improvements thereon), in each case including interest thereon and fees and expenses, including premiums, associated therewith, created prior to, at the time of, or within 360 days after the later of, the acquisition, development, expansion or completion of construction (including construction of improvements or additions to improvements thereon), or commencement of full operation of such Principal Property; provided that no such Lien will extend to any other Principal Property of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary other than in the case of any such construction, improvement, development, expansion or addition to improvement, all or any part of any other Principal Property on which the Principal Property so constructed, developed or expanded, or the improvement or addition to improvement, is located;



(7)

any Lien on any Principal Property or other assets of Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary created for the sole purpose of extending, renewing, altering or refunding any of the foregoing Liens, provided that the Indebtedness secured thereby will not exceed the principal amount of Indebtedness so secured at the time of such extension, renewal, alteration or refunding, plus an amount necessary to pay fees and

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expenses, including premiums, related to such extensions, renewals, alterations or refundings, and that such extension, renewal, alteration or refunding Lien will be limited to all or any part of the same Principal Property and improvements and additions to improvements thereon and/or shares of stock and Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary which secured the Lien extended, renewed, altered or refunded or either of such property or shares of stock or Indebtedness; and

(8)

any Lien on any Principal Property or on any shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary created, incurred, issued or assumed to secure Indebtedness of Kinross or any Restricted Subsidiary which would otherwise be subject to the foregoing restrictions, in an aggregate amount which, together with the aggregate principal amount of other Indebtedness secured by Liens on any Principal Property or on any shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary then outstanding (excluding Indebtedness secured by Liens permitted under the foregoing exceptions) would not then exceed 10% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets.

        For purposes of the foregoing, the giving of a guarantee that is secured by a Lien on a Principal Property or on shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary, and the creation of a Lien on a Principal Property or on shares of stock or Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary to secure Indebtedness that existed prior to the creation of such Lien, will be deemed to involve the creation of Indebtedness in an amount equal to the principal amount guaranteed or secured by such Lien but the amount of Indebtedness secured by Liens on any Principal Property and shares of stock and Indebtedness of Restricted Subsidiaries will be computed without cumulating the underlying Indebtedness with any guarantee thereof or Lien securing the same.

Consolidation, Amalgamation and Merger and Sale of Assets

        The indenture provides that we may not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into or enter into any statutory arrangement with any other person, or, directly or indirectly, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all our properties and assets to any person, unless:

•

the person formed by or continuing from such consolidation or amalgamation or into which we are merged or with which we enter into such statutory arrangement or the person which acquires or leases all or substantially all of our properties and assets is organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia or the laws of Canada or any province or territory thereof;



•

the successor person expressly assumes or assumes by operation of law all of our obligations under our debt securities, including the New Notes, and under the indenture;



•

immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction, no event of default and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an event of default, will have happened and be continuing; and



•

certain other conditions are met.

        If, as a result of any such transaction, any of our Principal Properties become subject to a Lien, then, unless such Lien could be created pursuant to the indenture provisions described under "— Negative Pledge" above without equally and ratably securing the New Notes under the indenture, we, simultaneously with or prior to such transaction, will cause the debt securities, including the New Notes, to be secured equally and ratably with or prior to the Indebtedness secured by such Lien.

Payment of Additional Amounts

        All payments made by or on behalf of us under or with respect to the New Notes (or by any Guarantor Subsidiary with respect to any Guarantee) will be made free and clear of, and without withholding or deduction for or on account of, any present or future tax, duty, levy, impost, assessment or other governmental charge (including penalties, interest and other liabilities related thereto) (collectively "Taxes") imposed or levied by or on behalf of the Government of Canada or any province or territory thereof or any other jurisdiction in which Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary is organized or any political subdivision thereof or any authority or agency therein or thereof having power to tax (each a "Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction"), unless we or a Guarantor

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Subsidiary is required to withhold or deduct Taxes by law or by the interpretation or administration thereof by the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction.

        If Kinross or a Guarantor Subsidiary is so required to withhold or deduct any amount for or on account of Taxes from any payment made under or with respect to any New Notes or Guarantees, Kinross or the relevant Guarantor Subsidiary, as the case may be, will pay to each holder of such New Notes as additional interest such additional amounts ("Additional Amounts") as may be necessary so that the net amount received by each such holder after such withholding or deduction will not be less than the amount such holder would have received if such Taxes had not been required to be withheld or deducted; provided, however, that the foregoing obligation to pay Additional Amounts does not apply to:

(1)

any Taxes that would not have been so imposed but for the existence of any present or former connection between the relevant holder (or between a fiduciary, settlor, beneficiary, partner, member or shareholder of, the relevant holder, if the relevant holder is an estate, nominee, trust, partnership, limited liability company or corporation) and the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction other than the receipt of such payment or the ownership or holding of or the execution, delivery, registration or enforcement of such note;



(2)

any payment made by us under or with respect to the New Notes (or by any Guarantor Subsidiary with respect to any Guarantee) to a holder where such holder did not deal at arm's length (within the meaning of the Tax Act) at the time of the relevant payment with us or the relevant Guarantor Subsidiary;



(3)

any estate, inheritance, gift, sales, excise, transfer, personal property tax or similar tax, assessment or governmental charge;



(4)

any Taxes that are payable otherwise than by deduction or withholding from a payment of principal, premium, interest, or Additional Amounts on the New Notes;



(5)

any Taxes that would not have been so imposed but for the presentation of such New Notes (where presentation is required) for payment on a date more than 30 days after the date on which such payment became due and payable or the date on which payment thereof is duly provided for, whichever is later, except to the extent that the beneficiary or holder thereof would have been entitled to Additional Amounts had the New Notes been presented for payment on the last date during such 30 day period;



(6)

any Taxes that would not have been so imposed or would have been imposed at a lower rate if the holder of the note had provided to Kinross or the Guarantor Subsidiary, as applicable, any information, certification, documentation or evidence required under applicable law, rules, regulations or generally published administrative practice of the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction for such Taxes not to be imposed or to be imposed at a lower rate (provided that such information, certification, documentation or evidence is required by the applicable law, rules, regulations or generally published administrative practice of the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction as a precondition to exemption from or reduction in the requirement to deduct or withhold all or part of such Taxes and such information, certification, documentation or evidence is reasonably requested upon reasonable notice by the applicable payor);



(7)

any Taxes that were imposed on a fiduciary, partnership or other entity that is not the sole beneficial owner of the payment, and the laws of the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction require the payment to be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or settlor with respect to such fiduciary or a member of such partnership or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such Additional Amounts had it been the holder; or



(8)

any Taxes that would not have been so imposed but for any combination of the foregoing.

        Kinross or the relevant Guarantor Subsidiary will (i) make such withholding or deduction of Taxes as is required under applicable law or the interpretation or administration thereof by the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction, (ii) remit the full amount deducted or withheld to the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction in accordance

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with applicable law and (iii) furnish to the trustee reasonable evidence of the payment of any Taxes so deducted or withheld from each Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction imposing such Taxes.

        If we or a Guarantor Subsidiary will be obligated to pay Additional Amounts with respect to any payment under or with respect to the New Notes, we or such Guarantor Subsidiary will deliver to the trustee and paying agent an officer's certificate stating the fact that such Additional Amounts will be payable and the amounts so payable and will set forth such other information necessary to enable the payment of such Additional Amounts to holders of New Notes on the payment date. Each such officer's certificate shall be relied upon until receipt of a new officer's certificate addressing such matters. To the extent permitted by law, the trustee shall have no obligation to determine or obtain knowledge of when Additional Amounts are paid or owed.

        Wherever in the indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of principal (and premium, if any), interest or any other amount payable under or with respect to the New Notes, such mention will be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof.

Tax Redemption

        The New Notes of each series will be subject to redemption at any time, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof together with accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date fixed for redemption, upon the giving of a notice as described below, if we determine that:

•

as a result of (A) any change in or amendment to the laws (or any regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder) of Canada (or the jurisdiction of organization of our successor) or of any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein affecting taxation, or (B) any change in the application or interpretation of such laws, regulations or rulings by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority (including a holding by a court of competent jurisdiction) of a Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction, which change or amendment is announced or becomes effective on or after the later of (i) August 22, 2011 or (ii) if applicable, the date a party organized in a jurisdiction other than Canada becomes our successor, we or such successor, as applicable, have or will become obligated to pay, on the next succeeding date on which interest is due, Additional Amounts with respect to any note of that series; or



•

on or after the later of (i) August 22, 2011 or (ii) if applicable, the date a party organized in a jurisdiction other than Canada becomes our successor, any action has been taken by any taxing authority of, or any decision has been rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction in, Canada (or the jurisdiction of organization of our successor) or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein, including any of those actions specified in the first bullet, whether or not such action was taken or such decision was rendered with respect to us or such successor, as applicable, or any change, amendment, application or interpretation will be officially proposed, which, in any such case, in the written opinion of our legal counsel, will result in our, or the successor, as applicable, becoming obligated to pay, on the next succeeding date on which interest is due, Additional Amounts with respect to any note of that series,

and, in any such case, we determine that such obligation cannot be avoided by the use of reasonable measures available to us (which shall not include the substitution of an obligor in respect of the New Notes).

        In the event that we elect to redeem the New Notes of any series pursuant to the provisions set forth in the preceding paragraph, we will deliver to the trustee an officers' certificate, signed by two authorized officers, stating that we are entitled to redeem such New Notes pursuant to their terms.

        Notice of intention to redeem the New Notes as provided above will be given not more than 60 nor less than 30 days prior to the date fixed for redemption and will specify the date fixed for redemption.

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Provision of Financial Information

        We will file with the trustee, within 30 days after such reports or information are filed with the SEC, copies, which may be in electronic format, of our annual report and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which we file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. If we are not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and do not otherwise report on an annual and quarterly basis on forms provided for such annual and quarterly reporting pursuant to rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC, we will continue to provide the trustee (i) annual reports containing audited financial statements and (ii) quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal year containing unaudited financial information, in each case in accordance with Canadian disclosure requirements and GAAP.

Events of Default

        Each of the following shall constitute events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of New Notes:

•

default in the payment of the principal of any New Notes of that series when it becomes due and payable;



•

default in the payment of any interest on any New Notes of that series when such interest becomes due and payable, and such default is continued for 30 days;



•

default in the performance, or breach, of any other covenant in the indenture for the benefit of holders of the New Notes of that series, and such default or breach is continued for 60 days after written notice to us as provided in the indenture;



•

Default by Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary in the payment of indebtedness of $100,000,000 or more in principal amount outstanding when due after the expiration of any applicable grace period, or default under indebtedness of Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary of $100,000,000 or more in principal amount resulting in acceleration of such indebtedness, but only if such indebtedness is not discharged or such acceleration is not rescinded or annulled and such default continues for 10 days after written notice of the default is sent to us; and



•

certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur involving Kinross or any Guarantor Subsidiary.

        If an acceleration in an amount less than $100,000,000 of any of our indebtedness or that of our subsidiaries that guarantee the New Notes or our credit facility occurs, the holders of the New Notes will not have the right to accelerate the maturity of their notes even though in some such cases other creditors will have that right.

        The indenture provides that the trustee must give notice of a default of which it has actual knowledge to the registered holders of the New Notes of the relevant series within 90 days of occurrence.

        If an event of default relating to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occurs, the principal of and interest on all the New Notes will become immediately due and payable without any action on the part of the trustee or any holder. If any other event of default for the New Notes occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding securities of all series issued under the indenture and affected by the event of default (voting as a single class) may declare the principal of and all accrued and unpaid interest on the New Notes immediately due and payable. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding securities of all series issued under the indenture and affected by the event of default may in some cases rescind this accelerated payment requirement.

        A holder of New Notes of any series may pursue any remedy under the indenture only if:

•

a holder gives the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default;



•

the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the securities of all series issued under the indenture and affected by the event of default make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy;



•

the holders offer to the trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the trustee;

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•

the trustee fails to act for a period of 60 days after receipt of the request and offer of indemnity; and



•

during that 60-day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding securities of all series issued under the indenture and affected by the event of default do not give the trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.

        This provision does not, however, affect the right of a holder of a note to sue for enforcement of any overdue payment.

        Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding securities of all series issued under the indenture and affected by the event of default may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee and exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the New Notes of that series. The trustee, however, may refuse to follow any such direction that conflicts with law or the indenture. In addition, prior to acting at the direction of holders, the trustee will be entitled to be indemnified by those holders against any loss and expenses caused thereby.

        The indenture requires us to deliver each year to the trustee a written statement as to our compliance with the covenants contained in the indenture.

Trustee

        If an event of default occurs under the indenture and is continuing, the trustee will be required to use the degree of care and skill of a prudent person in the conduct of that person's own affairs. The trustee will become obligated to exercise any of its powers under the indenture at the written request of any of the holders of any New Notes only after the holders have offered the trustee indemnity satisfactory to it.

        The indenture contains limitations on the right of the trustee, if it becomes our creditor, to obtain payment of claims or to realize on certain property received for any such claim, as security or otherwise. The trustee is permitted to engage in other transactions with us. If, however, it acquires any conflicting interest, it must eliminate that conflict or resign within 90 days after ascertaining that it has a conflicting interest and after the occurrence of a default under the indenture, unless the default has been cured, waived or otherwise eliminated within the 90-day period.

Modification and Waiver

        The indenture may be amended or supplemented or any provision of the indenture may be waived without the consent of any holders of debt securities, including the New Notes, in certain circumstances, including:

•

to provide for the assumption of our obligations under the indenture by a successor;



•

to add covenants that would benefit the holders of any debt securities or to surrender any rights we have under the indenture;



•

to add events of default with respect to any debt securities;



•

to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities or to provide for bearer debt securities;



•

to make any change that does not adversely affect any outstanding debt securities of any series issued under the indenture in any material respect; provided, that any change made solely to conform the provisions of the indenture to a description of debt securities in an offering circular or prospectus supplement will be deemed not to adversely affect any outstanding debt securities of any series issued under the indenture in any material respect, as provided in an officer's certificate;



•

to provide any security for, any guarantees of or any additional obligors on any series of debt securities;



•

to provide for the appointment of a successor trustee;



•

to comply with any requirement to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act; and



•

to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency.

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        The indenture may be amended or supplemented with respect to a series of debt securities if the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series consent to it. Without the consent of the holder of each debt security issued under the indenture and affected, however, no modification to the indenture may:

•

change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any installment of interest or additional amounts on, any debt security;



•

reduce the principal of any debt security or any premium payable on the redemption of any debt security or change the time at which any debt security may or must be redeemed or reduce the amount of any installment of interest or additional amounts payable on any debt security;



•

change the place of payment or make payments on any debt security payable in currency other than as originally stated in the debt security;



•

impair the holder's right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on any debt security;



•

reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; or



•

make any change in the percentage of principal amount of debt securities necessary to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or to make any change in the provision related to modification.

        The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series affected by the waiver (voting as a single class) may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of such series waive compliance by us with certain restrictive provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series affected by such default (voting as a single class) may waive any past default under the indenture with respect to such debt securities, except a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) and interest, if any, on any debt securities or in respect of a provision which under the indenture cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security of such series.

Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

        The indenture will provide that, at our option, we (and any applicable Guarantor Subsidiary) will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the outstanding New Notes of any series upon irrevocable deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S. government securities which will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of financial advisers or independent chartered accountants as evidenced by a certificate of officers of the company delivered to the trustee to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the outstanding New Notes of that series (hereinafter referred to as a "defeasance") (except with respect to the authentication, transfer, exchange or replacement of our debt securities or the maintenance of a place of payment and certain other obligations set forth in the indenture). Such trust may only be established if, among other things:

•

we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States stating that (i) we have received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable United States federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that the holders of the outstanding New Notes of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred;



•

we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel in Canada or a ruling from the Canada Revenue Agency to the effect that the holders of the outstanding New Notes of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for Canadian federal, provincial or territorial income or other Canadian tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to Canadian federal, provincial or territorial income and other Canadian tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case had such defeasance not occurred (and for the purposes of such opinion, such Canadian counsel

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will assume that holders of the outstanding New Notes of such series include holders who are not resident in Canada);

•

no event of default or event that, with the passing of time or the giving of notice, or both, will constitute an event of default with respect to that series of New Notes will have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit;



•

we are not an "insolvent person" within the meaning of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) on the date of such deposit and after the 91st day following the deposit, the trust funds will not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally; and



•

other customary conditions precedent are satisfied.

        We may exercise our defeasance option notwithstanding our prior exercise of our covenant defeasance option described in the following paragraph if we meet the conditions described in the preceding paragraph at the time we exercise the defeasance option.

        The indenture provides that, at our option, unless and until we have exercised our defeasance option described above with respect to the New Notes of any series, we (and any applicable Guarantor Subsidiary) may omit to comply with the covenants described under "— Certain Covenants — Negative Pledge", and certain aspects of the covenant described under "— Certain Covenants — Consolidation, Amalgamation, Merger and Sale of Assets" and certain other covenants, and such omission will not be deemed to be an event of default under the indenture and the outstanding New Notes of that series upon irrevocable deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S. government securities which will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of financial advisers or independent chartered accountants as evidenced by a certificate of officers of the company delivered to the trustee to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the outstanding New Notes of that series (hereinafter referred to as "covenant defeasance"). If we exercise our covenant defeasance option, the obligations under the indenture other than with respect to such covenants and the events of default other than with respect to such covenants will remain in full force and effect. Such trust may only be established if, among other things:

•

we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel in the United States to the effect that the holders of the outstanding New Notes of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not occurred;



•

we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel in Canada or a ruling from the Canada Revenue Agency to the effect that the holders of the outstanding New Notes of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for Canadian federal, provincial or territorial income or other Canadian tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to Canadian federal, provincial or territorial income and other Canadian tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case had such covenant defeasance not occurred (and for the purposes of such opinion, such Canadian counsel will assume that holders of the outstanding New Notes of such series include holders who are not resident in Canada);



•

no event of default or event that, with the passing of time or the giving of notice, or both, will constitute an event of default with respect to that series of New Notes will have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit;



•

we are not an "insolvent person" within the meaning of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) on the date of such deposit and after the 91st day following the deposit, the trust funds will not be subject to the effect of any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally; and



•

other customary conditions precedent are satisfied.

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Discharge of the Indenture

        We may satisfy and discharge our obligations under the indenture with respect to the New Notes of any series by delivering to the trustee for cancellation all such outstanding New Notes or by depositing with the trustee or the paying agent, after such New Notes have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year, whether at stated maturity, on any redemption date or otherwise, cash sufficient to pay all of the outstanding New Notes of that series and pay all other sums payable under the indenture by us.

Payment and Paying Agents

        Payments on the New Notes will be made in United States dollars. If a holder of at least $1,000,000 principal amount of New Notes has provided wire transfer instructions to us at least 10 business days prior to the applicable payment date, we will pay all principal, interest and premium, if any, on that holder's New Notes in accordance with those instructions. All other payments on New Notes will be made at the office or agency of the paying agent in the City and State of New York unless we elect to make interest payments by check mailed to the holders at their addresses set forth in the register of holders; provided that all payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest, with respect to the global New Notes registered in the name of or held by DTCC or its nominee and will be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account specified by DTCC.

        We will make any required interest payments to the person in whose name each note is registered at the close of business on the record date for the interest payment. The trustee will be designated as our paying agent for payments on the New Notes. We may at any time designate additional paying agents or rescind the designation of any paying agent or approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts. Subject to the requirements of any applicable laws of escheat or other abandoned property laws, the trustee and paying agent shall pay to us upon written request any money held by them for payments on New Notes that remain unclaimed for two years after the date upon which that payment became due. After payment to us, holders entitled to the money must look to us for payment. In that case, all liability of the trustee or paying agent with respect to that money will cease.

Replacement of Notes

        We will replace any New Notes that become mutilated, destroyed, stolen or lost at the expense of the holder upon delivery to the trustee of the mutilated New Notes or evidence of the loss, theft or destruction satisfactory to us and the trustee. In the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed note, indemnity satisfactory to the trustee and us may be required at the expense of the holder of the note before a replacement note will be issued.

Global Securities and Book-Entry System

        The New Notes initially will be represented by one or more certificates in registered global form without interest coupons (collectively, the "Global Securities") and will be deposited with the trustee as custodian for the Depositary and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.

        Except as described below under "— Special Situations When a Global Security Will be Terminated," owners of beneficial interests in the New Notes will not be entitled to receive New Notes in definitive form and will not be considered holders of New Notes under the Indenture.

The Depositary

        The Depositary has advised us as follows:

        The Depositary is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a clearing agency registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. The Depositary holds and provides asset servicing for securities that the Depositary's participants ("Direct Participants") deposit with the Depositary. The Depositary also facilitates the post-trade settlement among Direct Participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges between Direct Participants' accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities

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certificates. Direct Participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. The Depositary is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation ("DTCC"). DTCC, in turn, is owned by a number of Direct Participants of the Depositary and Members of the National Securities Clearing Corporation, Government Securities Clearing Corporation, MBS Clearing Corporation, and Emerging Markets Clearing Corporation (NSCC, GSCC, MBSCC, and EMCC, respectively, also are subsidiaries of DTCC), as well as by the NYSE Euronext and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. Access to the Depositary's system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly ("Indirect Participants"). The Depositary's Rules applicable to its participants are on file with the SEC.

        Purchases of New Notes under the Depositary's system must be made by or through Direct Participants, which will receive a credit for such New Notes on the Depositary's records. The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of New Notes represented by the Global Securities (a "Beneficial Owner"), is in turn to be recorded on the Direct and Indirect Participants' records. Beneficial Owners will not receive written confirmation from the Depositary of their purchase, but Beneficial Owners are expected to receive written confirmation providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the Direct or Indirect Participant through which the Beneficial Owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in Global Securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of Direct and Indirect Participants acting on behalf of Beneficial Owners. Beneficial Owners will not receive New Notes in definitive form representing their ownership interests therein, except in the limited circumstances described under "— Special Situations When a Global Security Will be Terminated."

        To facilitate subsequent transfers, the Global Securities deposited with the Depositary will be registered in the name of the Depositary's partnership nominee, Cede & Co. The deposit of the Global Securities with the Depositary and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. does not effect any change in beneficial ownership. The Depositary has no knowledge of the actual Beneficial Owners of the Global Securities representing the New Notes. The Depositary's records reflect only the identity of the Direct Participants to whose accounts such New Notes are credited, which may or may not be the Beneficial Owners. The Direct and Indirect Participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers.

        Conveyance of notices and other communications by the Depositary to Direct Participants, by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants, and by Direct Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time.

        Unless physical certificates representing the New Notes have been issued, redemption notices shall be sent to Cede & Co. If less than all of the New Notes are being redeemed, the Depositary's practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each Direct Participant in the New Notes to be redeemed.

        Neither the Depositary nor Cede & Co. will consent or vote with respect to the Global Securities representing the New Notes unless authorized by a Direct Participant in accordance with the Depositary's procedures. Under its usual procedures, the Depositary mails an omnibus proxy (an "Omnibus Proxy") to the Company as soon as possible after the applicable record date. The Omnibus Proxy assigns Cede & Co.'s consenting or voting rights to those Direct Participants to whose accounts the New Notes are credited on the applicable record date (identified in a listing attached to the Omnibus Proxy).

        Principal, premium, if any, and interest payments on the Global Securities representing the New Notes will be made to the Depositary. The Depositary's practice is to credit Direct Participants' accounts on the applicable payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on the Depositary's records unless the Depositary has reason to believe that it will not receive payment on such date. Payments by Direct and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of such participants and not of the Depositary, the trustee, Kinross, or the Guarantor Subsidiaries subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest to Cede & Co. is the responsibility of Kinross, disbursement of such

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payments to Direct Participants shall be the responsibility of the Depositary, and disbursement of such payments to the Beneficial Owners shall be the responsibility of Direct and Indirect Participants. None of Kinross, the Guarantor Subsidiaries or the trustee will have any responsibility or liability for the disbursements of payments in respect of ownership interests in the New Notes by the Depositary or the Direct or Indirect Participants or for maintaining or reviewing any records of the Depositary or the Direct or Indirect Participants relating to ownership interests in the New Notes or the disbursement of payments in respect thereof. The information in this section concerning the Depositary and the Depositary's system has been obtained from sources that we believe to be reliable, but is subject to any changes to the arrangements between us and the Depositary and any changes to such procedures that may be instituted unilaterally by the Depositary.

Special Investor Considerations for Global Securities

        The obligations of Kinross and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, as well as the obligations of the trustee and those of any third parties employed by Kinross, the Guarantor Subsidiaries or the trustee run only to persons who are registered as holders of Notes. For example, once we make payment to the registered holder of a note, we have no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to you but does not do so. As an indirect holder, an investor's rights relating to a Global Security will be governed by the account rules of the investor's financial institution and of the Depositary, as well as general laws relating to debt securities transfers.

        An investor should be aware that when New Notes are issued in the form of Global Securities:

•

the investor cannot have New Notes registered in his or her own name;



•

the investor cannot receive physical certificates for his or her interest in the New Notes;



•

the investor must look to his or her own bank or brokerage firm for payments on the New Notes and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the New Notes;



•

the investor may not be able to sell interests in the New Notes to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to hold the physical certificates of New Notes that they own;



•

the Depositary's policies will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to the investor's interest in the Global Security. Kinross, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the Depositary's actions or for its records of ownership interest in the Global Security. Kinross, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and the trustee also do not supervise the Depositary in any way; and



•

the Depositary will usually require that interests in a Global Security be purchased or sold within its system using same-day funds.

Special Situations When a Global Security Will be Terminated

        In a few special situations described below, a Global Security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing New Notes. After that exchange, an investor may choose whether to hold New Notes directly or indirectly through an account at its bank or brokerage firm. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in New Notes transferred into their own names, so that they will be direct holders.

        The special situations for termination of a Global Security are:

•

when the Depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as Depositary (unless a replacement Depositary is named);



•

an event of default has occurred and is continuing, and DTCC requests the issuance of certificated New Notes; and



•

when and if we decide to terminate a Global Security.

        When a Global Security terminates, the Depositary (and not Kinross, the Guarantor Subsidiaries or the trustee) is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

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Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures

        Initial settlement for the New Notes will be made in immediately available funds. Secondary market trading between Depositary participants ("DTC Participants") will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with the Depositary's rules and will be settled in immediately available funds using the Depositary's Same-Day Funds Settlement System. Secondary market trading between Clearstream Banking S.A. ("Clearstream, Luxembourg") participants ("Clearstream Participants") and/or Euroclear System ("Euroclear") participants ("Euroclear Participants") will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with the applicable rules and operating procedures of Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear, as applicable.

        Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly through the Depositary, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through Clearstream Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected through the Depositary in accordance with the Depositary's rules on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by its U.S. depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant European international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its U.S. depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering securities to or receiving securities from the Depositary, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to the Depositary. Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants may not deliver instructions directly to their respective U.S. depositaries.

        Because of time-zone differences, credits of New Notes received in Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a DTC Participant will be made during subsequent securities settlement processing and dated the business day following the Depositary's settlement date. The credits or any transactions in the New Notes settled during the processing will be reported to the relevant Euroclear Participant or Clearstream Participant on that business day. Cash received in Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear as a result of sales of the New Notes by or through a Clearstream Participant or a Euroclear Participant to a DTC Participant will be received with value on the Depositary's settlement date but will be available in the relevant Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following settlement through the Depositary.

        Although the Depositary, Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of New Notes among participants of the Depositary, Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such procedures and such procedures may be discontinued or changed at any time.

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U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

        The following summary discusses certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the New Notes by U.S. Holders (as defined below) that will receive New Notes pursuant to the exchange offer and that will hold the New Notes as capital assets (generally, assets held for investment) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following discussion does not deal with the U.S. federal income tax consequences to any particular investor or to persons in special tax situations such as:

•

banks;



•

insurance companies;



•

dealers in securities;



•

traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for the New Notes;



•

tax-exempt entities;



•

U.S. Holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;



•

persons liable for alternative minimum tax;



•

persons holding New Notes as part of a straddle or conversion transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes;



•

persons that purchase or sell the New Notes as part of a wash sale for U.S. federal income tax purposes;



•

persons that did not acquire the Initial Notes in the initial distribution thereof at their original issue price.

        The discussion below is based upon the provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and U.S. Treasury regulations, rulings and judicial decisions as of the date hereof. Those authorities may be changed, perhaps retroactively, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below. There can be no assurance that the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") will not challenge one or more of the tax consequences discussed herein.

        A U.S. Holder should consult its own tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal, state and local income and other tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the New Notes based upon its particular situations including any consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.

        For purposes of this summary, a "U.S. Holder" is a beneficial owner of New Notes that is:

•

a citizen or individual resident of the United States (including an individual issued an alien registration card, Form I-551, otherwise known as a "green card");



•

a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;



•

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax without regard to its source; or



•

a trust if (i) a U.S. court is able to exercise supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

        If a partnership, or other entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holds New Notes, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. A partner of a partnership holding New Notes should consult its own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the New Notes.

The Exchange Offer

        The exchange of the Initial Notes for the New Notes pursuant to the terms set forth in this prospectus will not constitute a taxable exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Consequently, a U.S. Holder should not recognize a gain or loss upon receipt of the New Notes, and ownership of the Initial Notes. For purposes of

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determining gain or loss upon the subsequent sale or exchange of the New Notes, a U.S. Holder's basis in the New Notes should be the same as such holder's basis in the Initial Notes exchanged. A U.S. Holder's holding period for the New Notes should include the holding period for the Initial Notes exchanged. The issue price and other U.S. federal income tax characteristics of the New Notes should be identical to the issue price and other U.S. federal income tax characteristics of the Initial Notes exchanged.

Additional Payments

        In certain circumstances, we may be obligated to pay amounts in excess of stated interest or principal on the New Notes. We believe that the likelihood that we will be obligated to make any such payments as a result of the contingency described in "Description of the Notes and Guarantees — Change of Control Repurchase Event" is remote. Therefore, we do not intend to treat the potential payment of these amounts as subjecting the Notes to the provisions of the U.S. Treasury regulations relating to "contingent payment debt instruments." Our determination is binding on a U.S. Holder unless such U.S. Holder discloses its contrary position in a statement attached to its timely filed U.S. federal income tax return for the taxable year during which a New Note was acquired. Our determination is not, however, binding on the IRS, and if the IRS were to challenge this determination, the tax consequences to a U.S. Holder could differ from those discussed herein. The remainder of this disclosure assumes that the New Notes will not be treated as contingent payment debt instruments for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Interest on the New Notes

        Interest on the New Notes generally will be taxable to a U.S. Holder as ordinary income at the time that such interest is paid or accrued, in accordance with the U.S. Holder's regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Interest on the New Notes and any additional amounts paid with respect to withholding tax on the New Notes, including withholding tax on payments of such additional amounts ("additional amounts") should constitute income from sources outside the United States subject to the rules regarding the foreign tax credit allowable to a U.S. Holder. Under the foreign tax credit rules, interest and additional amounts will, depending on the U.S. Holder's circumstances, be either "passive category income" or "general category income" for purposes of computing the foreign tax credit. Due to the complexity of the U.S. foreign tax credit rules, U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the application of the U.S. foreign tax credit rules to their particular circumstances.

Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Disposition of the Notes

        A U.S. Holder generally will recognize a gain or loss upon the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition of a New Note in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized upon the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition (reduced by any amounts attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as interest in the manner described above under "— Interest on the New Notes") and such U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the New Note (the adjusted tax basis in the New Note should be determined as described above under "— The Exchange Offer"). Any gain or loss that a U.S. Holder recognizes on a disposition of a New Note will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder has held such New Note for more than one year (the holding period of the New Note should be determined as described above under "— The Exchange Offer"). Long-term capital gain of U.S. Holders is generally taxed at preferential rates. Such gain or loss generally will be treated as income or loss from within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

Medicare Tax

        For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, a U.S. Holder that is an individual or estate, or a trust that does not fall into a special class of trusts that is exempt from such tax, will be subject to a 3.8% tax on the lesser of (1) the U.S. Holder's "net investment income" for the relevant taxable year and (2) the excess of the U.S. Holder's modified adjusted gross income for the taxable year over a certain threshold (which, in the case of individuals, will be between $125,000 and $250,000, depending on the individual's circumstances). A U.S. Holder's net investment income will generally include its interest income and its net gains from the

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disposition of the New Notes, unless such interest income or net gains are derived in the ordinary course of the conduct of a trade or business (other than a trade or business that consists of certain passive or trading activities). A U.S. Holder that is an individual, estate or trust is urged to consult its tax advisors regarding the applicability of the Medicare tax to its income and gains in respect of its investment in the New Notes.

Information with Respect to Foreign Financial Assets

        Owners of "specified foreign financial assets" with an aggregate value in excess of $50,000 (and in some circumstances, a higher threshold) may be required to file an information report with respect to such assets with their tax returns. "Specified foreign financial assets" include any financial accounts maintained by foreign financial institutions, as well as any of the following, but only if they are not held in accounts maintained by financial institutions: (i) stocks and securities issued by non-U.S. persons, (ii) financial instruments and contracts held for investment that have non-U.S. issuers or counterparties, and (iii) interests in foreign entities. The New Notes may be subject to these rules. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of this legislation to their ownership of the New Notes.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

        In general, if a noncorporate U.S. Holder holds the Notes, we and other payors are required to report to the IRS certain payments of principal and interest on the New Notes and the proceeds of the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition of a New Note, unless a U.S. Holder is an exempt recipient (such as a corporation).

        Additionally, backup withholding will generally apply to such payments if a U.S. Holder fails to provide a correct taxpayer identification number or fails to otherwise comply with the backup withholding requirements, or if a U.S. Holder is notified by the Internal Revenue Service that such holder has failed to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on their federal income tax returns.

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CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

        The following summary describes the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations generally applicable to a holder of Initial Notes who acquires, as a beneficial owner, New Notes, including entitlement to all payments thereunder, pursuant to this prospectus in exchange for, and evidencing the same continuing indebtedness as the Initial Notes and who, at all relevant times, for purposes of the application of the Income Tax Act (Canada) and the Income Tax Regulations (collectively, the "Tax Act"), (1) is not, and is not deemed to be, resident in Canada, (2) deals at arm's length with Kinross, any guarantor and any transferee resident (or deemed to be resident) in Canada to whom the holder disposes of the New Notes, (3) does not receive any payment of interest on the New Notes in respect of a debt or other obligation to pay an amount to a person with whom Kinross or any guarantor does not deal at arm's length and (4) does not use or hold the New Notes in a business carried on in Canada (a "Holder"). Special rules, which are not discussed in this summary, may apply to a non-Canadian holder that is an insurer that carries on an insurance business in Canada and elsewhere. Such holders should consult their own tax advisors.

        This summary is based on the current provisions of the Tax Act and on an understanding of the current administrative policies and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency (the "CRA") published in writing prior to the date hereof. This summary takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Tax Act publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof (the "Proposed Amendments") and assumes that all Proposed Amendments will be enacted in the form proposed. However, no assurances can be given that the Proposed Amendments will be enacted as proposed, or at all. This summary does not otherwise take into account or anticipate any changes in law or administrative policy or assessing practice whether by legislative, regulatory, administrative or judicial action nor does it take into account tax legislation or considerations of any province, territory or foreign jurisdiction, which may be different from those discussed herein.

        This summary is of a general nature only and is not, and is not intended to be, legal or tax advice to any particular holder. This summary is not exhaustive of all Canadian federal income tax considerations. Accordingly, prospective holders of New Notes should consult their own tax advisors having regard to their own particular circumstances.

The Exchange Offer

        The exchange of Initial Notes for New Notes pursuant to the terms set forth in this prospectus should not constitute a disposition and should not give rise to a capital gain or a capital loss for purposes of the Tax Act.

Taxation of Interest on New Notes

        No Canadian withholding tax will apply to interest, principal or premium, if any, paid or credited to a Holder by Kinross or to the proceeds received by a Holder on the disposition of a New Note including a redemption, payment on maturity, repurchase or purchase for cancellation.

        No other tax on income or gains will be payable by a Holder on interest, principal or premium, if any, on a New Note or on the proceeds received by a Holder on the disposition of a New Note including a redemption, payment on maturity, repurchase or purchase for cancellation.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

        Each broker-dealer that receives New Notes for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer must acknowledge that it will deliver a prospectus in connection with any resale of such New Notes. This prospectus, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection with resales of New Notes received in exchange for Initial Notes where the Initial Notes were acquired as a result of market-making activities or other trading activities. We have agreed that, until the earlier of the expiration of 180 days after the exchange offer or such time as such broker-dealers no longer own any Initial Notes, we will make this prospectus, as amended or supplemented, available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such resale.

        We will not receive any proceeds from any sale of New Notes by broker-dealers. New Notes received by broker-dealers for their own account pursuant to the exchange offer may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions, through the writing of options on the New Notes or a combination of those methods of resale, at market prices prevailing at the time of resale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or negotiated prices. Any resale may be made directly to purchasers or to or through brokers or dealers who may receive compensation in the form of commissions or concessions from any such broker-dealer or the purchasers of any of the New Notes. Any broker-dealer that resells New Notes that were received by it for its own account pursuant to the exchange offer and any broker or dealer that participates in a distribution of the New Notes may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act and any profit on any resale of New Notes and any commissions or concessions received by any such persons may be deemed to be underwriting compensation under the Securities Act. The letter of transmittal states that, by acknowledging that it will deliver and by delivering a prospectus, a broker-dealer will not be deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act.

        For a period of 180 days after the expiration date of the exchange offer or such time as the broker-dealers no longer own any Initial Notes, whichever is shorter, we will promptly send additional copies of this prospectus and any amendment or supplement to this prospectus to any broker-dealer that is entitled to use such documents that requests such documents in the letter of transmittal. We have agreed to pay all expenses incident to the exchange offer other than commissions or concessions of any brokers or dealers and will indemnify the holders of the New Notes (including any broker-dealers) against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

INDEPENDENT CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS

        The annual audited consolidated financial statements of Kinross incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been audited by KPMG LLP, Chartered Accountants, as stated in their report accompanying the financial statements.

INTERESTS OF QUALIFIED PERSONS

        The technical information about the Company's mineral properties contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus has been prepared under the supervision of Mr. Rob Henderson, a former officer of the Company, and Mr. Mark Sedore, an officer of the Company, each of whom is a "qualified person" within the meaning of NI 43-101. The technical information about the White Gold mineral resource contained in or incorporated by reference has been prepared under the supervision of Mr. Wayne Barnett and Mr. Marek Nowak, each of whom is a "qualified person" within the meaning of NI 43-101.

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VALIDITY OF NOTES AND GUARANTEES

        The validity of the New Notes and the related Guarantees will be passed upon for us by Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, New York, New York. Certain legal matters relating to Canadian and Ontario law will be passed upon for us by Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, Toronto, Ontario. Certain legal matters related to the laws of Canada and British Columbia will be passed upon for us by Blake, Cassels & Graydown LLP, Toronto, Canada. Certain legal matters related to Alaska and Washington law will be passed upon for us by Perkins Coie LLP, Seattle, Washington. Certain legal matters relating to Bermuda law will be passed upon for us by Mashall Diel & Myers Limited, Hamilton, Bermuda. Certain legal matters related to the laws of Brazil will be passed upon for us by Veirano Advogados, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Certain legal matters related to the laws of Chile will be passed upon for us by Carey y Cia, Santiago, Chile. Certain legal matters relating to Nevada law will be passed upon for us by Parsons Behle & Latimer, Reno, Nevada.

DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

        The following documents have been filed with the Commission as part of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part:

•

The documents listed as being incorporated by reference in this prospectus under the heading "Documents Incorporated by Reference";



•

The organizational documents of the Guarantor Subsidiaries;



•

The indenture relating to the Notes;



•

The registration rights agreement relating to the Initial Notes;



•

Opinions and consents of counsel;



•

Consents of accountants and auditors;



•

Powers of attorney (included on the signature pages of the registration statement);



•

The statements of eligibility of the trustee on Form T-1;



•

The form of letter of transmittal; and



•

The form of notice of guaranteed delivery.

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KINROSS GOLD CORPORATION

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QuickLinks

IMPORTANT NOTICE ABOUT INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
NOTICE REGARDING PRESENTATION OF MINERAL RESERVE AND MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
ENFORCEABILITY OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
SUMMARY OF TERMS OF THE EXCHANGE OFFER
RISK FACTORS
KINROSS
EXCHANGE OFFER
USE OF PROCEEDS
CONSOLIDATED RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION
EARNINGS COVERAGE
DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES AND GUARANTEES
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
INDEPENDENT CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
INTERESTS OF QUALIFIED PERSONS
VALIDITY OF NOTES AND GUARANTEES
DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT