Document
Table of Contents

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-Q
 
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the Transition period from                      to                     .
Commission File Number 001-36803
 
TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
20-0640002
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
1001 US North Highway 1, Suite 201, Jupiter, Florida 33477
Telephone: (212) 246-6700
(Address, zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive office)
399 Executive Boulevard, Elmsford, New York 10523
(Mailing address)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Accelerated filer
 
ý
Non-accelerated filer
 
¨
  
Smaller reporting company
 
ý
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
As of April 23, 2019, there were 27,969,073 shares of Common Stock of the registrant outstanding.

 

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 
 

2

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
(All figures in thousands except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

March 31, 2019

December 31, 2018
ASSETS



Current assets:



Cash and cash equivalents
$
37,180


$
48,088

Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,687 and $4,578 as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)
3,237


3,050

Prepaid corporate income taxes
703


746

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
10,211


10,047

Total current assets
51,331


61,931

Fixed assets, net
164,042


157,677

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
602,475

 
—

Goodwill
30,021


21,877

Intangible assets, net
10,725


9,439

Deferred membership costs
1,416


1,803

Other assets
8,075


8,727

Total assets
$
868,085


$
261,454

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT



Current liabilities:



Current portion of long-term debt
$
21,395


$
21,080

Current portion of mortgage and term loan
314

 
314

Current portion of operating lease liabilities
71,436

 
—

Accounts payable
5,002


3,672

Accrued expenses
33,479


32,547

Accrued interest
122


34

Deferred revenue
42,194


37,459

Total current liabilities
173,942


95,106

Long-term debt
178,247


178,002

Long-term mortgage and term loan
5,065

 
5,113

Long-term operating lease liabilities
573,788

 
—

Deferred lease liabilities
—


44,374

Deferred revenue
76


258

Other liabilities
10,741


11,298

Total liabilities
941,859


334,151

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14)





Stockholders’ deficit:



Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; no shares issued and outstanding at both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018





Common stock, $0.001 par value; issued and outstanding 27,958,132 and 27,192,154 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively
26


25

Additional paid-in capital
(512
)

(1,644
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
1,830


1,841

Accumulated deficit
(75,261
)

(73,212
)
Total Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries stockholders’ deficit
(73,917
)

(72,990
)
Non-controlling interests
143

 
293

Total stockholders’ deficit
(73,774
)
 
(72,697
)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit
$
868,085


$
261,454

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
(All figures in thousands except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019

2018
Revenues:



Club operations
$
115,140


$
105,675

Fees and other
1,458


1,436


116,598


107,111

Operating Expenses:


 
Payroll and related
45,323


39,474

Club operating
53,576


48,364

General and administrative
6,870


5,911

Depreciation and amortization
9,585


9,128


115,354


102,877

Operating income
1,244


4,234

Interest expense
3,452


3,168

Interest income
(28
)

(36
)
Equity in the earnings of investees and rental income
(55
)

(105
)
(Loss) income before provision for corporate income taxes
(2,125
)

1,207

Provision for corporate income taxes
74


78

Net (loss) income including non-controlling interests
(2,199
)

1,129

Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
(150
)
 
—

Net (loss) income attributable to Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
$
(2,049
)
 
$
1,129

(Loss) earnings per share:
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.04

Diluted
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.04

Weighted average number of shares used in calculating (loss) earnings per share:
 
 
 
Basic
26,443,946

 
25,709,031

Diluted
26,443,946

 
26,316,512

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
(All figures in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income:
 
 
 
 
Net (loss) income including non-controlling interests
 
$
(2,199
)
 
$
1,129

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of $0, for each of the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
 
11

 
619

Interest rate swap, net of tax of $0, for each of the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
 
—

 
176

Total other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
11

 
795

Total comprehensive (loss) income including non-controlling interests
 
(2,188
)
 
1,924

Less: comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests
 
(150
)
 
—

Total comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
$
(2,038
)
 
$
1,924

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED RECONCILIATION OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
(All figures in thousands except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

 
Common Stock
($.001 par)
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)
 
Total Town Sports International and Subsidiaries Stockholders’
(Deficit) Equity
 
Non-controlling interests
 
Total
Stockholders’
(Deficit) 
Equity
 
Shares
 
Amount  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
27,149,135

 
$
25

 
$
(4,290
)
 
$
1,201

 
$
(74,893
)
 
$
(77,957
)
 
$
—

 
$
(77,957
)
Common stock grants
52,460

 
—

 
320

 
—

 
—

 
320

 
—

 
320

Restricted stock grants
13,115

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Sock-based compensation
—

 
—

 
606

 
—

 
—

 
606

 
—

 
606

Forfeiture of restricted stock
(9,433
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net income
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,129

 
1,129

 
—

 
1,129

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,604

 
1,604

 
—

 
1,604

Derivative financial instruments
—

 
—

 
—

 
176

 
—

 
176

 
—

 
176

Foreign currency translation adjustment
—

 
—

 
—

 
619

 
—

 
619

 
—

 
619

Balance at March 31, 2018
27,205,277

 
$
25

 
$
(3,364
)
 
$
1,996

 
$
(72,160
)
 
$
(73,503
)
 
$
—

 
$
(73,503
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2018
27,192,154

 
$
25

 
$
(1,644
)
 
$
1,841

 
$
(73,212
)
 
$
(72,990
)
 
$
293

 
$
(72,697
)
Stock option exercises
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
—

 
1

Common stock grants
53,692

 
—

 
320

 
—

 
—

 
320

 
—

 
320

Restricted stock grants
713,710

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Shares issued under Employee Stock Purchase Plan
8,410

 
—

 
7

 
—

 
—

 
7

 
—

 
7

Forfeiture of restricted stock
(9,834
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Sock-based compensation
—

 
—

 
805

 
—

 
—

 
805

 
—

 
805

Net loss
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
(2,049
)
 
(2,049
)
 
(150
)
 
(2,199
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
—

 
—

 
—

 
(11
)
 
—

 
(11
)
 
—

 
(11
)
Balance at March 31, 2019
27,958,132

 
$
26

 
$
(512
)
 
$
1,830

 
$
(75,261
)
 
$
(73,917
)
 
$
143

 
$
(73,774
)


6

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018
(All figures in thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019

2018
Cash flows from operating activities:



Net (loss) income including non-controlling interests
$
(2,199
)

$
1,129

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income including non-controlling interest to net cash provided by operating activities:



Depreciation and amortization
9,585


9,128

Amortization of debt discount
250


240

Amortization of debt issuance costs
112


150

Non-cash rental income, net of non-cash rental expense
(136
)

(856
)
Share-based compensation expense
1,132


926

Net change in deferred taxes
—


38

Net change in certain operating assets and liabilities
6,238


21,200

Decrease (increase) in deferred membership costs
387


(1,758
)
Landlord contributions to tenant improvements
15


300

Increase (decrease) in insurance reserves
151


(160
)
Other
(131
)

(47
)
Total adjustments
17,603


29,161

Net cash provided by operating activities
15,404


30,290

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(3,873
)
 
(1,599
)
Acquisition of business
(21,667
)
 
—

Acquisition of asset
—

 
(3,989
)
Other
—

 
(21
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(25,540
)
 
(5,609
)
Cash flows from financing activities:



Principal payments on 2013 Term Loan Facility
(520
)

(521
)
Principal payments on finance lease obligations
(189
)
 
(85
)
Principal payments on mortgage and term loan
(48
)
 
—

Cash dividends paid
—


(1
)
Proceeds from stock option exercises
1


—

Net cash used in financing activities
(756
)

(607
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(15
)

33

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
(10,907
)

24,107

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash beginning of period
50,061


30,321

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash end of period
$
39,154


$
54,428

Summary of the change in certain operating assets and liabilities:



Increase in accounts receivable
$
(179
)

$
(289
)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets
(347
)

10,055

Increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and accrued interest
2,731


5,610

Change in prepaid corporate income taxes and corporate income taxes payable
63


18

Increase in deferred revenue
3,970


5,806

Net change in certain working capital components
$
6,238


$
21,200

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:



Cash payments for interest, net of capitalized interest
$
3,071


$
2,836

Cash payments for income taxes
$
25


$
21



7

Table of Contents

The following is a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents
$
37,180

 
$
48,088

Restricted cash included in other assets(a)
1,974

 
1,973

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
39,154

 
$
50,061

(a) Restricted cash associated with certain letters of credit to secure lease related obligations.


See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


8

Table of Contents

TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
1.    Basis of Presentation
Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “TSI Holdings”) is a diversified holding company that owns subsidiaries engaged in a number of business and investment activities. References to “TSI LLC” refer to Town Sports International, LLC, and references to “TSI Group” refer to Town Sports Group, LLC, both of which are wholly-owned operating subsidiaries of the Company.
As of March 31, 2019, the Company owned and operated 189 fitness clubs (“clubs”) under various brand names, primarily located in the United States of America.
The Company’s operations are conducted mainly through its clubs and aggregated into one reportable segment. Each of the clubs has similar economic characteristics, services, product offerings and revenues are derived primarily from services to the Company’s members. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The operating segment is the level at which the chief operating decision maker manages the business and reviews operating performance in order to make business decisions and allocate resources. The Company determined the business is managed and operating performance is reviewed on a consolidated company level and therefore has one operating segment.
The condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s December 31, 2018 consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data included within this Form 10-Q was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Certain information and footnote disclosures that are normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules and regulations. The information reflects all normal and recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods set forth herein. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year ending December 31, 2019.
The Company continues to experience revenue pressure as the fitness industry continues to be highly competitive in the areas in which the Company operates. The Company continues to strategize on improving its financial results and focuses on increasing membership to increase revenue. The Company may consider additional actions within its control, including certain acquisitions, licensing arrangements, the closure of unprofitable clubs upon lease expiration and the sale of certain assets. The Company’s ability to continue to meet its obligations is dependent on its ability to generate positive cash flow from a combination of initiatives, including those mentioned above. Failure to continue to successfully implement these initiatives could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s liquidity and its operations, and the Company would need to implement alternative plans that could include additional asset sales, additional reductions in operating costs, additional reductions in working capital, debt restructuring and the deferral of capital expenditures. There can be no assurance that such alternatives would be available to the Company or that the Company would be successful in their implementation.
The Company from time to time communicates with its existing lenders and/or new potential lenders or investors regarding the availability of debt and/or equity financing to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, refinancing the Company’s existing debt and/or to fund acquisitions. Any potential financing will be subject to, among other factors, receipt of satisfactory terms which will depend on market conditions at such time. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to consummate any financing or the terms of any such financing.
Certain reclassifications were made to the reported amounts in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 to conform to the presentation as of March 31, 2019.
Change in Estimated Average Membership Life
The average membership life was 20 months for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 26 months for the full-year 2018. The Company monitors factors that might affect the estimated average membership life including retention trends, attrition trends, membership sales volumes, membership composition, competition, and general economic conditions, and adjusts the estimate as necessary on a quarterly basis. Joining fees, as well as related direct and incremental expenses of membership acquisition, which may include sales commissions, bonuses and related taxes and benefits, are deferred and

9

Table of Contents

recognized, on a straight-line basis, in operations over the estimated average membership life or 12 months to the extent these costs are related to the first annual fee paid within 45 days of enrollment. Annual fees are amortized over 12 months.
If the estimated average membership life had remained at 26 months for the three months ended March 31, 2019, the impact would have been a decrease in revenue of approximately $167 and an increase in net loss of approximately $147
2.    Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract”. This new guidance requires a customer in a cloud computing arrangement (i.e., hosting arrangement) that is a service contract to follow the internal-use software guidance in ASC 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets or expense as incurred. Also, capitalized implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract will be amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement, beginning when the module or component of the hosting arrangement is ready for its intended use. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of this standard is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The updated standard expands the range of transactions that qualify for hedge accounting. It also amends the presentation and disclosure requirements and changes how companies assess effectiveness. It is intended to more closely align hedge accounting with companies’ risk management strategies, simplify the application of hedge accounting, and increase the transparency as to the scope and results of hedging programs. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this updated guidance for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2019 with no material impact on its financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842) and subsequent amendments to the initial guidance: ASU 2018-10, ASU 2018-11, ASU 2018-20 and ASU 2019-01 (collectively, Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and lease liability for all leases and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance lease or an operating lease. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective approach. Results for reporting periods after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior periods have not been adjusted. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification. Refer to Note 6 - Leases for further detail.
3.    Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table presents our revenue by type:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Membership dues
$
88,823

 
$
82,281

Initiation and processing fees
429

 
337

Membership revenue
89,252

 
82,618

Personal training revenue
19,489

 
18,253

Other ancillary club revenue
6,399

 
4,804

Ancillary club revenue
25,888

 
23,057

Fees and other revenue
1,458

 
1,436

Total revenue
$
116,598

 
$
107,111

Revenue Recognition
Membership dues:
The Company generally receives one-time non-refundable joining fees and monthly dues from its members. The Company also offers paid-in-full memberships giving members the option to pay their membership dues in advance. The

10

Table of Contents

Company offers both month-to-month and commit memberships. Members can cancel their membership with a fee charged to those members still under contract. Membership dues are recognized in the period in which access to the club is provided.
The Company’s membership plans allow for club members to elect to pay a per visit fee to use non-home clubs. These usage fees are recorded to membership revenue in the month the usage occurs.
Initiation and processing fees:
Initiation and processing fees, as well as related direct and incremental expenses of membership acquisition, which may include sales commissions, bonuses and related taxes and benefits, are deferred and recognized, on a straight-line basis, in operations over the estimated average membership life or 12 months to the extent these costs are related to the first annual fee paid within 45 days of enrollment. Annual fees are amortized over 12 months.
The estimated average membership life was 20 months for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 26 months for the full-year of 2018. The Company monitors factors that might affect the estimated average membership life including retention trends, attrition trends, membership sales volumes, membership composition, competition, and general economic conditions, and adjusts the estimate as necessary on an annual basis.
Personal training revenue:
The Company recognizes revenue from personal training sessions as the services are performed (i.e., when the session is trained). Unused personal training sessions expire after a set, disclosed period of time after purchase (except in California and Florida) and are not refundable or redeemable by the member for cash. The Company had collected approximately $12,400 for unused and expired personal training sessions that had not been recognized as revenue and was recorded as deferred revenue as of both March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. For six of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates, the Company has concluded, based on opinions from outside counsel, that monies paid to the company for unused and expired personal training sessions were not escheatable. For the remaining jurisdictions in which the Company operates, the Company has likewise concluded that the monies paid to the company for unused personal training sessions were not escheatable, regardless of whether they expire. However, the Company has not yet obtained opinions from outside counsel for these jurisdictions. It is possible however, that one or more of these jurisdictions may not agree with the Company’s position and may claim that the Company must remit all or a portion of these amounts to such jurisdiction. This could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash flows. The State of New York has informed the Company that it is considering whether the Company is required to remit the amount received by the Company for unused, expired personal training sessions to the State of New York as unclaimed property.
In addition to the prepaid personal training sessions the Company also offers a personal training membership product which generally consists of single or multi-session packages ranging from four to 12 sessions per month. These sessions provided by the membership product are at a discount to our stand-alone session pricing and are generally required to be used in each respective month. Revenue related to this product is recognized in each respective month.
Other ancillary club revenue:
Other ancillary club revenue primarily consists of Sports Clubs for Kids, Small Group Training and racquet sports. Revenues are recognized as the services are performed.
Fees and other revenue:
Fees and other revenue primarily consist of rental income from third party tenants, marketing revenue related to third party marketing in the Company’s club locations, management fees related to clubs the Company manages but does not wholly-own and revenue related to laundry services. Revenue generated from fees and other revenue is generally recognized at the time the related contracted services are performed.
When a revenue agreement involves multiple elements, such as sales of both memberships and services in one arrangement or potentially multiple arrangements, the entire fee from the arrangement is allocated to each respective element based on its relative fair value and recognized when the revenue recognition criteria for each element is met.

11

Table of Contents

Contract Liability
The Company records deferred revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $12,624 that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2018.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
The Company has elected to not capitalize contracts that are shorter than one year. The majority of the Company's contracts have an expected length of one year or less. The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed.
4.    Long-Term Debt
 
March 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
2013 Term Loan Facility outstanding principal balance
$
197,315

 
$
197,835

Finance lease liabilities
4,562

 
3,817

Less: Unamortized discount
(1,686
)
 
(1,936
)
Less: Deferred financing costs
(549
)
 
(634
)
Less: Current portion due within one year
(21,395
)
 
(21,080
)
Long-term portion
$
178,247

 
$
178,002

2013 Senior Credit Facility
On November 15, 2013, TSI LLC, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a $370,000 senior secured credit facility (“2013 Senior Credit Facility”), pursuant to a credit agreement among TSI LLC, TSI Holdings II, LLC, a newly-formed, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Holdings II”), as a Guarantor, the lenders party thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, as administrative agent, and Keybank National Association, as syndication agent. The 2013 Senior Credit Facility consists of a $325,000 term loan facility maturing on November 15, 2020 (“2013 Term Loan Facility”) and a $15,000 revolving loan facility maturing on August 14, 2020 (“2013 Revolving Loan Facility”). Proceeds from the 2013 Term Loan Facility of $323,375 were issued, net of an original issue discount of 0.5%, or $1,625. The borrowings under the 2013 Senior Credit Facility are guaranteed and secured by assets and pledges of capital stock by Holdings II, TSI LLC, and, subject to certain customary exceptions, the wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries of TSI LLC.
On January 30, 2015, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility was amended (the “First Amendment”) to permit TSI Holdings to purchase term loans under the credit agreement. Any term loans purchased by TSI Holdings will be canceled in accordance with the terms of the credit agreement, as amended by the First Amendment. The Company may from time to time purchase term loans in market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise; however the Company is under no obligation to make any such purchases. Any such transactions, and the amounts involved, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.
On November 8, 2018, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility was amended (the “Second Amendment”), which modified the revolving loan facility amount to $15,000 from $45,000, and extended the maturity date from November 15, 2018 to August 14, 2020. In addition, the Second Amendment restated that the Company is not able to utilize more than 20% or $3,000 in accordance with terms of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility if the total leverage ratio exceeds 4.00:1.00 (calculated on a proforma basis to give effect to any borrowing). Previously, the Company was not able to utilize more than 25% or $11,250 in accordance with terms of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility if the total leverage ratio exceeded 4.50:1.00 (calculated on a proforma basis to give effect to any borrowing).
Borrowings under the 2013 Term Loan Facility and the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility, at TSI LLC’s option, bear interest at either the administrative agent’s base rate plus 2.5% or a LIBOR rate adjusted for certain additional costs (the “Eurodollar Rate”) plus 3.5%, each as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility. With respect to the outstanding term loans, the Eurodollar Rate has a floor of 1.00% and the base rate has a floor of 2.00%. Commencing with the last business day of the quarter ended March 31, 2014, TSI LLC is required to pay 0.25% of the principal amount of the term loans each quarter, which may be reduced by voluntary prepayments. As of March 31, 2019, TSI LLC had made a total of $26,704 in principal payments on the 2013 Term Loan Facility.

12

Table of Contents

In May 2017, TSI LLC loaned $5,000 to TSI Group, a wholly-owned subsidiary of TSI Holdings, at a rate of LIBOR plus 9.55% per annum. In addition to the interest payments, TSI Group is required to repay 1.0% of the principal amount of the loan, $50 per annum, on a quarterly basis commencing September 30, 2017. The loan is secured by certain collateral. This transaction has no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements as it is eliminated in consolidation. In October 2017, TSI LLC made a dividend distribution of $35,000 to TSI Holdings. As of March 31, 2019, TSI Group had a cash balance of approximately $3,173.
As of March 31, 2019, TSI LLC had outstanding letters of credit of $2,459 under the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility and a total leverage ratio that was below 4.00:1.00. Other than these outstanding letters of credit, TSI LLC did not have any amounts utilized on the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility. The Company also had $1,974 in outstanding letters of credit issued that were not associated with the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility to secure certain lease obligations. The unutilized portion of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility as of March 31, 2019 was $12,541, with borrowings under such facility subject to the conditions applicable to borrowings under the Company’s 2013 Senior Credit Facility, which conditions the Company may or may not be able to satisfy at the time of borrowing. In addition, the financial covenant described above, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility contains certain affirmative and negative covenants, including those that may limit or restrict TSI LLC and Holdings II’s ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness and other liabilities; create liens; merge or consolidate; dispose of assets; make investments; pay dividends and make payments to stockholders; make payments on certain indebtedness; and enter into sale leaseback transactions, in each case, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions. The 2013 Senior Credit Facility also includes customary events of default (including non-compliance with the covenants or other terms of the 2013 Senior Credit Facility) which may allow the lenders to terminate the commitments under the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility and declare all outstanding term loans and revolving loans immediately due and payable and enforce its rights as a secured creditor.
TSI LLC may prepay the 2013 Term Loan Facility and 2013 Revolving Loan Facility without premium or penalty in accordance with the 2013 Senior Credit Facility. Mandatory prepayments are required relating to certain asset sales, insurance recovery and incurrence of certain other debt and commencing in 2015 in certain circumstances relating to excess cash flow (as defined) for the prior fiscal year, as described below, in excess of certain expenditures. Pursuant to the terms of the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, the Company is required to apply net proceeds in excess of $30,000 from sales of assets in any fiscal year towards mandatory prepayments of outstanding borrowings.
In addition, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility contains provisions that require excess cash flow payments, as defined therein, to be applied against outstanding 2013 Term Loan Facility balances. The excess cash flow is calculated annually for each fiscal year ending December 31 and paid 95 days after the fiscal year end. The applicable excess cash flow repayment percentage is applied to the excess cash flow when determining the excess cash flow payment. Earnings, changes in working capital and capital expenditure levels all impact the determination of any excess cash flow. The applicable excess cash flow repayment percentage is 50% when the total leverage ratio, as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, exceeds or is equal to 2.50:1.00; 25% when the total leverage ratio is greater than or equal to 2.00:1.00 but less than 2.50:1.00 and 0% when the total leverage ratio is less than 2.00:1.00. TSI LLC may pay dividends in the amount of cumulative retained excess cash flow to TSI Holdings as long as at the time the dividend is made, and immediately after, TSI LLC is in compliance on a pro forma basis with a total leverage ratio of less than 4.00:1.00. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had $36,276 of excess cash flow, as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, resulting in a principal payment of $18,138 paid in April 2019. This principal payment amount was included in Current portion of long-term debt on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019.
As of March 31, 2019, the 2013 Term Loan Facility has a gross principal balance of $197,315 and a balance of $195,080 net of unamortized debt discount of $1,686 and unamortized debt issuance costs of $549. As of March 31, 2019, both the unamortized balance of debt issuance costs and unamortized debt discount are recorded as a contra-liability and netted with long-term debt on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet and are being amortized as interest expense using the effective interest method.
Fair Market Value
Based on quoted market prices, the 2013 Term Loan Facility had a fair value of approximately $191,395, or 97%, and $183,987, or 93%, at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and is classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Level 2 is based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets. The fair value for the Company’s 2013 Term Loan Facility is determined using observable current market information such as the prevailing Eurodollar interest rate and Eurodollar yield curve rates and includes consideration of counterparty credit risk.

13

Table of Contents

5.    Mortgage and Term Loan

On August 3, 2018, TSI - Donald Ross Realty LLC, a subsidiary of TSI Group, entered into a mortgage note for $3,150 with BankUnited, N.A. (the “Lender”). This mortgage note bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% and is payable in 120 monthly payments of principal and interest based on a 25 year amortization period. The first payment was due and paid on September 3, 2018. The entire principal balance of this mortgage note is due and payable in full on its maturity date of August 3, 2028. As of March 31, 2019, this mortgage note had an outstanding principal balance of $3,114, net of principal payments of $36.
On April 24, 2018, Dixie Highway Realty, LLC, a subsidiary of TSI Group, entered into promissory notes for $1,880 (the “Mortgage Note”) and $500 (the “Term Note”) with the Lender. The Mortgage Note bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.46% and is payable in 120 monthly payments of principal and interest based on a 25 year amortization period. The first payment was due and paid on May 24, 2018. The entire principal balance of the Mortgage Note is due and payable in full on its maturity date of April 24, 2028. 
The Term Note bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.30% and is payable in 60 payments of principal and interest. The first payment was due and paid on May 24, 2018 and the final payment will be due to the Lender on the maturity date of April 24, 2023 for all principal and accrued interest not yet paid. In connection with the above mortgage and term loan notes, TSI Group or TSI Holdings must maintain a minimum relationship liquidity balance with the Lender of $500 in the form of an operating account. As of March 31, 2019, the Mortgage Note and Term Note had an outstanding principal balance of $1,847 and $418, respectively, reflecting net of principal payments of $33 for the Mortgage Note and $82 for the Term Note.
The carrying amount of the mortgage notes and Term Note approximates fair value based on Level 2 inputs. Level 2 is based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
6.    Leases
The Company leases office, warehouse and multi-recreational facilities under non-cancelable operating leases. Also, the Company has operating and finance leases for certain equipment. In addition to base rent, the facility leases generally provide for additional payments to cover common area maintenance charges incurred and to pass along increases in real estate taxes. Also, certain leases provide for additional rent based on revenue or operating results of the respective facilities. The Company accrues for any unpaid common area maintenance charges and real estate taxes on a club-by-club basis. Under the provisions of certain of these leases, the Company is required to maintain irrevocable letters of credit, which amounted to $4,018 as of March 31, 2019. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are recorded in operating lease right of use assets, current portion of operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. Finance leases are recorded in fixed assets, net, current portion of long-term debt, and long-term debt on its condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Operating lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that it will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Most leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one to 10 years or more. The leases expire at various times through fiscal year 2038 and certain leases may be extended at the Company’s option. Escalation terms on these leases generally include fixed rent escalations, escalations based on an inflation index such as the consumer price index, and fair market value adjustments.
The Company, as landlord, subleases space to third party tenants under non-cancelable operating leases and licenses. In addition to base rent, certain leases provide for additional rent based on increases in real estate taxes, indexation, utilizes and defined amounts based on the operating results of the lessee. The sub-leases expire at various times through January 2023.


14

Table of Contents

The balance sheet classification of lease assets and liabilities was as follows:
 
 
Balance Sheet Classification
 
March 31, 2019
Assets
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets, gross
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
 
$
619,919

Accumulated amortization
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
 
(17,444
)
Total operating lease assets
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
 
602,475

Fixed assets, gross
 
Fixed assets, net
 
5,279

Accumulated depreciation
 
Fixed assets, net
 
(712
)
Total finance lease assets
 
Fixed assets, net
 
4,567

Total lease assets
 
 
 
$
607,042

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities
 
$
71,436

Finance leases
 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
1,175

Non-current
 
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
Long-term operating lease liabilities
 
573,788

Finance leases
 
Long-term debt
 
3,387

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
649,786

The components of lease costs were as follows:
 
 
Statement of Operations Classification
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease costs
 
Club operating
 
$
30,022

Amortization of lease assets
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
259

Interest on lease liabilities
 
Interest expense
 
54

Finance lease costs
 
 
 
313

Variable lease costs
 
Club operating
 
210

Sublease income
 
Fees and other revenue
 
866

Total lease costs
 
 
 
$
31,411

As of March 31, 2019, the maturities of our lease liabilities were as follows:
 
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
Total
2019
 
$
90,427

 
$
1,120

 
$
91,547

2020
 
118,132

 
1,466

 
119,598

2021
 
110,063

 
1,446

 
111,509

2022
 
101,529

 
991

 
102,520

2023
 
92,793

 
239

 
93,032

2024 and thereafter
 
421,478

 
—

 
421,478

Total lease payments
 
934,422

 
5,262

 
939,684

Less: imputed interest
 
(289,198
)
 
(700
)
 
(289,898
)
Lease liabilities
 
$
645,224

 
$
4,562

 
$
649,786


15

Table of Contents

As of December 31, 2018, future minimum rental payments by fiscal year under non-cancelable leases and future capital lease payments are shown in the chart below.
 
Minimum
Annual Rental
Year Ending December 31,
 
2019
$
110,215

2020
107,143

2021
96,768

2022
83,766

2023
70,892

2024 and thereafter
325,644

The Company, as landlord, leases space to third party tenants under non-cancelable operating leases and licenses. In addition to base rent, certain leases provide for additional rent based on increases in real estate taxes, indexation, utilities and defined amounts based on the operating results of the lessee. The sub-leases expire at various times through January 2023. As of December 31, 2018, future minimum rentals receivable by fiscal year under non-cancelable leases are shown in the chart below.
 
Minimum
Annual Rental
Year Ending December 31,
 
2019
$
2,477

2020
1,658

2021
1,189

2022
485

2023
5

2024 and thereafter
—

The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate were as follows:
 
 
March 31, 2019
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
 
 
Operating leases
 
9.1 years

Finance leases
 
3.7 years

Weighted average discount rate
 
 
Operating leases
 
7.9
%
Finance leases
 
8.3
%
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
 
 
March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
 
 
Operating cash flows from operating leases
 
$
29,503

Operating cash flows from finance leases
 
$
54

Financing cash flows from finance leases
 
$
189

Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
 
$
17,812

Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities
 
$
934

7.    Related Party
On April 25, 2017, the Company approved the appointment of Stuart M. Steinberg as General Counsel of the Company, effective as of May 1, 2017. Furthermore, the Company and Mr. Steinberg's law firm (the “Firm”) previously entered into an engagement letter agreement (the “Agreement”) dated as of February 4, 2016, and as amended and restated effective as of May 1, 2017, pursuant to which the Company engaged the Firm to provide general legal services requested by the Company. Mr. Steinberg continues to provide services for the Firm while employed by the Company. The Agreement provides for a monthly

16

Table of Contents

retainer fee payable to the Firm in the amount of $21, excluding litigation services. The Company will also reimburse the Firm for any expenses incurred in connection with the Firm’s services to the Company. In connection with this arrangement, the Company incurred legal expenses payable to the Firm in the amount of $66 and $67 for the three months ended March 31, 2019, and 2018 respectively. These amounts were classified within general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
8.    Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. Although the Company deposits its cash with more than one financial institution, as of March 31, 2019, $20,337 of the cash balance of $37,180 was held at one financial institution. The Company has not experienced any losses on cash and cash equivalent accounts to date, and the Company believes that, based on the credit ratings of these financial institutions, it is not exposed to any significant credit risk related to cash at this time.
9.    Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average numbers of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using the treasury stock method and is computed similarly to basic EPS, except that the denominator is increased for the assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and unvested restricted stock for the diluted shared based awards.
The following table summarizes the weighted average common shares for basic and diluted EPS computations.
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — basic
 
26,443,946

 
25,709,031

Effect of dilutive share based awards
 
—

 
607,481

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — diluted
 
26,443,946

 
26,316,512

(Loss) earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.04

Diluted
 
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.04

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, there were no stock options or outstanding restricted stock awards excluded from the computation of earnings per diluted share as there were no shares with an anti-dilutive effect.
For the three months ended March 31, 2018, there were 8,474 stock options and restricted stock awards excluded from the computations of earnings per diluted share due to their anti-dilutive effect.
In the second quarter of 2018, the Company determined that it had incorrectly computed the number of weighted average common shares used in basic earnings per share in previously issued financial statements. This resulted in misstatements of basic EPS for the first quarter of 2018. This item also resulted in corresponding misstatements in diluted EPS in the respective period. These errors had no impact to the Company’s revenues, operating income (loss), or net income (loss), and had no impact to the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of cash flows, consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), or consolidated statements of stockholders’ deficit.
The Company assessed the materiality of these errors on the previously issued interim financial statements in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 99 and No. 108, and concluded that the errors were not material to the previously issued interim financial statements. The Company appropriately reflected the weighted average common shares calculations in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and revised the comparative presentation of the financial statements.

17

Table of Contents

The effects of the revision had the following impact for the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 
(As Reported)
 
(Adjustment)
 
(As Revised)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — basic
26,246,610

 
(537,579
)
 
25,709,031

Effect of dilutive share based awards
607,481

 
—

 
607,481

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding — diluted
26,854,091

 
(537,579
)
 
26,316,512

Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.04

 
$
—

 
$
0.04

Diluted
$
0.04

 
$
—

 
$
0.04

10.    Stock-Based Compensation
The Company’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated in April 2015 (the “2006 Plan”), authorizes the Company to issue up to 3,500,000 shares of common stock to employees, non-employee directors and consultants pursuant to awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, in payment of performance shares or other stock-based awards. The Company amended the 2006 Plan to increase the aggregate number of shares of common stock issuable under the 2006 Plan by 1,000,000 shares to a total of 4,500,000 in May 2016, and by 2,000,000 shares to a total of 6,500,000 in May 2017. The Company has approved an amendment to the 2006 Plan, subject to the receipt of shareholder approval at the Company's upcoming annual meeting, to increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder from 6,500,000 to 8,500,000. 
Under the 2006 Plan, stock options must be granted at a price not less than the fair market value of the stock on the date the option is granted, generally are not subject to re-pricing, and will not be exercisable more than ten years after the date of grant. Options granted under the 2006 Plan generally qualify as “non-qualified stock options” under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. The exercise price of a stock option is equal to the fair market value of the Company's Common Stock on the option grant date. As of March 31, 2019, there were 1,319,597 shares available to be issued under the 2006 Plan. At March 31, 2019, the Company had 22,439 stock options outstanding and 1,377,360 shares of restricted stock outstanding under the 2006 Plan.
Stock Option Awards
The Company did not grant any stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. There was no compensation expense related to stock options outstanding for both the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
Restricted Stock Awards
On January 21, 2019, February 1, 2019, and March 20, 2019, the Company issued 672,300, 13,423 and 27,987 shares of restricted stock, respectively to employees under the 2006 Plan. The fair value per share for the January 21, 2019, February 1, 2019, and March 20, 2019 restricted stock awards were $6.19, $5.96 and $5.36, respectively, representing the closing stock price on the date of grant. These shares will vest in three equal installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant.
The total compensation expense, classified within Payroll and related on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, related to restricted stock was $805 for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to $606 for the comparable prior-year period. The Company adjusted the forfeiture estimates to reflect actual forfeitures. The forfeiture adjustment reduced stock-based compensation expense by $7 and $4 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
As of March 31, 2019, a total of $6,281 in unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.
Stock Grants
The Company issued 53,692 shares of common stock to members of the Company’s Board of Directors in respect of their annual retainer on February 1, 2019. The fair value of the shares issued was $5.96 per share and was expensed upon the date of grant. The total compensation expense, classified within general and administrative expenses, related to Board of Directors common stock grants was $320 for each of the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

18

Table of Contents

Management Stock Purchase Plan
The Company adopted the 2018 Management Stock Purchase Plan in January 2018, and amended and restated it in March 2018 (the “MSPP”). The purpose of the MSPP is to provide eligible employees of the Company (corporate title of Director or above) an opportunity to voluntarily purchase the Company’s stock in a convenient manner. As of March 31, 2019, shares purchased under this plan did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Pursuant to the MSPP, eligible employees may elect to use up to 20% of their cash compensation (as defined in the MSPP), but in no event more than $200 in any calendar year, to purchase the Company’s common stock generally on a quarterly basis on the open market through a broker (such purchased shares being referred to as “MSPP Shares”). If the participant holds the MSPP Shares for the requisite period specified in the Plan (two years from the purchase date) and remains an employee of the Company, the participant will receive an award of shares of restricted stock under the Company’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, in an amount equal to the number of MSPP Shares that satisfied the holding period. The award will vest on the second anniversary of the award date so long as the participant remains an employee on the vesting date. Awards granted under the Stock Incentive Plan in any calendar year as a result of participants holding the MSPP Shares for the requisite period will be the lesser of (i) 50% of the shares available for grant under the Stock Incentive Plan and (ii) the number of MSPP Shares that have satisfied the two year holding period.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In May 2018, the Company’s shareholders approved the Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), effective as of June 15, 2018. Under the ESPP, an aggregate of 800,000 shares of common stock (subject to certain adjustments to reflect changes in the Company’s capitalization) are reserved and may be purchased by eligible employees who become participants in the ESPP. The purchase price per share of the common stock will be the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the offering date or 85% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the purchase date. As of March 31, 2019, there were 782,947 shares of common stock available for issuance pursuant to the ESPP.
Total compensation expense, classified within Payroll and related on the condensed consolidated statements of operations, related to ESPP was $7 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. There was no compensation expense related to ESPP for the three months ended 2018.
The fair value of the purchase rights granted under the ESPP for the offering period beginning March 15, 2019 was $1.25. It was estimated by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to the purchase period in the offering period using the following assumptions:
 
 
March 15, 2019
Grant price
 
$
5.50

Expected term
 
3 months

Expected volatility
 
37.58
%
Risk-free interest rate
 
2.42
%
Expected dividend yield
 
—
%
Grant price - Closing stock price on the first day of the offering period.
Expected Term - The expected term is based on the end date of the purchase period of each offering period, which is three months from the commencement of each new offering period.
Expected volatility - The expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock as well as the implied volatility from publicly traded options on the Company’s stock.
Risk-free interest rate - The risk-free interest rate is based on a U.S. Treasury rate in effect on the date of grant with a term equal to the expected term.
11.    Goodwill and Other Intangibles
Goodwill was allocated to reporting units that closely reflect the regions served by the Company: New York, Boston, Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, Florida, California, Puerto Rico and Switzerland. The Company has acquired several clubs in 2018 and the first quarter of 2019 and has recorded goodwill as applicable to the appropriate regions. For more information on these acquisitions, refer to Note 12 - Acquisitions. Goodwill for all acquisitions was recorded at fair value at the time of such acquisitions and may have changes to the balances up to one year after acquisition. As of March 31, 2019, the New York, Boston, California, Florida, Puerto Rico and Switzerland regions have a goodwill balance.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2018, the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test is performed on August 1, or more frequently, should circumstances change which would indicate the fair value of goodwill is below its carrying amount. The Company has historically performed its goodwill impairment test annually as of the last day of February.
As of February 28, 2018, the Company performed a goodwill impairment test on the Switzerland region in line with the historical policy. As of August 1, 2018, the Company performed a goodwill impairment test on the New York, Boston, California and Switzerland regions, which was within 12 months of the related acquisitions. For the Florida and Puerto Rico regions, the acquired goodwill was related to the acquisitions of clubs after the annual testing date. As such, these intangible assets were recorded at fair value at the time of acquisitions. The next goodwill impairment test for all reporting units will be August 1, 2019, which is within 12 months of the acquisitions.
The Company’s annual goodwill impairment tests as of August 1, 2018 and February 28, 2018 were performed by comparing the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit with its carrying amount and then recognizing an impairment charge, as necessary, for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The estimated fair value was determined by using an income approach. The income approach was based on discounted future cash flows and required significant assumptions, including estimates regarding revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and future economic and market conditions. The August 1, 2018 and February 28, 2018 annual impairment tests supported the goodwill balance and as such, no impairment of goodwill was required.

19

Table of Contents


The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill from December 31, 2018 through March 31, 2019 are detailed in the chart below:
 
New York
 
Boston
 
California
 
Florida
 
Puerto Rico
 
Switzerland
 
Outlier
Clubs
 
Total
Goodwill
$
38,376

 
$
23,348

 
$
1,584

 
$
2,467

 
$
2,380

 
$
1,175

 
$
3,982

 
$
73,312

Changes due to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(129
)
 
—

 
(129
)
Less: accumulated impairment of goodwill
(31,549
)
 
(15,775
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(3,982
)
 
(51,306
)
Balance as of December 31, 2018
6,827

 
7,573

 
1,584

 
2,467

 
2,380

 
1,046

 
—

 
21,877

Acquired goodwill (Refer to Note 12 - Acquisitions)
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,038

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
8,038

Goodwill purchase accounting adjustments
(5
)
 
(14
)
 
—

 
141

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
122

Changes due to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(16
)
 
—

 
(16
)
Balance as of March 31, 2019
$
6,822

 
$
7,559

 
$
1,584

 
$
10,646

 
$
2,380

 
$
1,030

 
$
—

 
$
30,021

Amortization expense was $746 and $478 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Intangible assets are as follows:
 
As of March 31, 2019
 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Intangible
Assets
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Intangible
Assets
Membership lists
$
7,264

 
$
(4,714
)
 
$
2,550

 
$
7,042

 
$
(4,224
)
 
$
2,818

Favorable lease commitment(1)
—

 
—

 
—

 
2,390

 
(553
)
 
1,837

Non-compete agreement
3,762

 
(449
)
 
3,313

 
3,050

 
(295
)
 
2,755

Trade names
5,272

 
(410
)
 
4,862

 
2,337

 
(308
)
 
2,029

 
$
16,298

 
$
(5,573
)
 
$
10,725

 
$
14,819

 
$
(5,380
)
 
$
9,439

(1)
Balances in favorable lease commitment as of March 31, 2019 were reclassified to Operating lease right-of-use assets in connection with ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under previous lease guidance.
12.    Acquisitions
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations and ASU 2017-01. According to ASC 805, transactions that represent business combinations should be accounted for under the acquisition method. In addition, the ASC 805 includes a subtopic which provides guidance on transactions sometimes associated with business combinations but that do not meet the requirements to be accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, the purchase price is allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their respective estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was allocated to goodwill. The results of operations of the clubs acquired have been included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition.
The Company incurred acquisition-related costs of $149 and $405 in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively. These costs are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition of Around the Clock Fitness
In February 2019, the Company acquired Around The Clock Fitness for a purchase price of $22,222 and a net cash purchase price of $21,667. The acquisition added six clubs to the Company's portfolio in Florida. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation presented below has been prepared on a preliminary basis and changes to the preliminary purchase price allocations may occur as additional information concerning asset and liability valuations are finalized.

20

Table of Contents

 
February 2019
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed Assets
$
10,616

Goodwill
8,038

Definite lived intangible assets:
 
Trade name
2,222

Membership list
222

Non-compete agreement
1,425

Operating lease right-of-use assets
17,812

Operating lease liabilities
(18,212
)
Deferred revenue
(456
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
21,667

The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are being amortized over their estimated useful lives with the membership lists over the estimated average membership life, the trade name over eight years and the non-compete agreement over the contract life of five years.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $1,086 and net income of $25 related to Around the Clock Fitness. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition in the Boston Metropolitan Region
In December 2018, the Company acquired four existing clubs in the Boston metropolitan region for a purchase price of $12,500 and a net cash purchase price of $12,267 and was accounted for as a business combination. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation presented below has been prepared on a preliminary basis and changes to the preliminary purchase price allocations may occur as additional information concerning asset and liability valuations are finalized.
 
December 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
3,680

Goodwill
6,484

Definite lived intangible assets:

Membership list
1,435

Trade name
248

Non-compete agreement
717

Deferred revenue
(297
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
12,267

The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are being amortized over their estimated useful lives with the membership lists over the estimated average membership life, the trade name over three years and the non-compete agreement over the contract life of five years.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $3,159 associated with these clubs and net loss of $117. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition of LIV Fitness
In September 2018, the Company acquired LIV Fitness for a purchase price of $5,000 and net cash purchase price of $4,930. The acquisition added two clubs to the Company’s portfolio in Puerto Rico. These clubs continue to operate under the LIV Fitness trade name. The purchase price allocation presented below has been prepared on a preliminary basis and changes to the preliminary purchase price allocations may occur as additional information concerning asset and liability valuations are finalized.

21

Table of Contents

 
September 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
2,134

Goodwill
2,380

Definite lived intangible assets:
 
Membership list
480

Trade name
340

Non-compete agreement
320

Operating lease right-of-use assets
(400
)
Deferred revenue
(324
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
4,930

The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are being amortized over their estimated useful lives with the membership lists being amortized over the estimated average membership life, the trade name over 13 years, the non-compete agreement over the contract life of five years, and the unfavorable lease commitment through March 31, 2023, the remaining life of the lease.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $1,194 and net loss of $634 related to LIV Fitness. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition in the New York Metropolitan Region
In September 2018, the Company acquired 60% of two existing clubs in the New York metropolitan region, with the seller retaining the other 40%. As a result, these two clubs became majority owned subsidiaries of the Company. This acquisition added two clubs to the Company’s portfolio in the New York Metropolitan region and will operate under the New York Sports Clubs brand. The following table summarizes an estimated allocation of the purchase price of the assets and liabilities acquired.
 
September 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
703

Goodwill
232

Right of use assets
(76
)
Other assets and liabilities assumed, net
(106
)
Deferred revenue
(476
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
277

The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $491 and net loss attributable to Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries of $426 related to these two clubs. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition of Palm Beach Sports Clubs
In August 2018, the Company acquired 85% of three clubs in Florida, with the seller retaining the other 15%, for a purchase price of $7,307 and a net cash purchase price of $6,697 and branded them “Palm Beach Sports Clubs”. A net amount of $610 is owed to the seller over the next four years. As a result, Palm Beach Sports Clubs became a majority owned subsidiary of the Company. The acquisition added three clubs to the Company’s portfolio in the Florida region and was accounted for as a business combination. The acquisition also included the purchase of a building in which one of the three clubs operates. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation presented below has been prepared on a preliminary basis and changes to the preliminary purchase price allocations may occur as additional information concerning asset and liability valuations are finalized.

22

Table of Contents

 
August 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
5,646

Goodwill
2,608

Definite lived intangible assets:
 
Membership list
288

Amount due to seller, net
(610
)
Deferred revenue
(740
)
Non-controlling interest
(495
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
6,697


The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are amortized over their estimated useful lives with the membership lists being amortized over the estimated average membership life.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $1,446 and net income of $100 related to Palm Beach Sports Clubs. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition of Total Woman Gym and Spa Business
In April 2018, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of the Total Woman Gym and Spa business for a purchase price of $8,000 and a net cash purchase price of $7,265. The acquisition added 12 clubs to the Company’s portfolio in California and was accounted for as a business combination. The clubs continue to operate under the Total Woman Gym and Spa trade name. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired. The purchase price allocation presented below has been prepared on a preliminary basis and changes to the preliminary purchase price allocations may occur as additional information concerning asset and liability valuations are finalized.
 
April 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
8,064

Goodwill
1,584

Definite lived intangible assets:
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
440

Trade name
1,562

Working capital, net
161

Deferred revenue
(4,546
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
7,265

         
The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of 15 years for the trade name, and through June 30, 2026, the remaining life of the related lease, for the favorable lease commitment.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $5,323 and net loss of $149 related to Total Woman Gym and Spa. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Acquisition in the Boston Metropolitan Region
In January 2018, the Company acquired an existing club in the Boston metropolitan region for a purchase price of $2,750 and a net cash purchase price of $2,866 and was accounted for as a business combination. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

23

Table of Contents

 
January 2018
Allocation of purchase price:
 
Fixed assets
$
982

Goodwill
1,075

Definite lived intangible assets:
 
Membership list
600

Non-compete agreement
400

Working capital assets
130

Deferred revenue
(321
)
Total allocation of purchase price
$
2,866


The goodwill recognized represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is partially attributable to the avoided costs of acquiring the assembled workforce and is deductible for tax purposes in its entirety. The definite lived intangible assets acquired are being amortized over their estimated useful lives with the membership list over the estimated average membership life and the non-compete agreement over the contract life of five years.
In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded revenue of $1,400 and net income of $110 related to this club. Such amounts are included in the respective accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Unaudited Pro forma Results
The following table provides the Company’s consolidated unaudited pro forma revenues, net income and net income per basic and diluted common share had the results of the acquired businesses’ operations been included in its operations commencing on January 1, 2017, based on available information related to the respective operations. This pro forma information is not necessarily indicative either of the combined results of operations that actually would have been realized by the Company had the acquisitions been consummated at the beginning of the period for which the pro forma information is presented, or of future results and does not account for any operational improvements to be made by the Company post-acquisition.
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Revenue
$
118,560

 
$
123,642

Net (loss) income including non-controlling interests
$
(2,154
)
 
$
1,582

 
 
 
 
(Loss) earnings per share:
 
 
 
Basic
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.06

Diluted
$
(0.08
)
 
$
0.06

Asset Acquisitions
In January 2018, the Company acquired a building and the land it occupies in the Florida region, as well as a single health club located on the premises for a purchase price of $4,039. Of the total purchase price, $2,691 was attributed to the building, $1,021 was attributed to the land, and the remainder of the purchase price was primarily attributed to the equipment, intangible assets and deferred revenue. This transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
13.    Income Taxes
The Company recorded an income tax provision inclusive of valuation allowance of $74 and $78 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, reflecting a negative effective income tax rate of 3% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and a positive effective income tax rate of 6% for the three months ended March 31, 2018. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company calculated its income tax provision using the estimated annual effective tax rate methodology.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. President signed into law H.R.1, formerly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Legislation”). The Tax Legislation significantly revises the U.S. tax code by among other items lowering the U.S federal statutory income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The Company has computed its income tax provision for the three months ended

24

Table of Contents

March 31, 2019 and 2018 considering this new rate. The Company also initially recorded the applicable impact of the Tax Legislation within its provision for income taxes in the year ended December 31, 2017.
As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.
As of March 31, 2019, the Company had $1,155 of unrecognized tax benefits and it is reasonably possible that the entire amount could be realized by the Company in the year ending December 31, 2019, since the related income tax returns may no longer be subject to audit in 2019.
From time to time, the Company is under audit by federal, state, and local tax authorities and the Company may be liable for additional tax obligations and may incur additional costs in defending any claims that may arise. During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the Company completed its audit by the Internal Revenue Service for federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016, resulting in no material changes.
The following state and local jurisdictions are currently examining our respective returns for the years indicated: New York State (2006 through 2014), and New York City (2006 through 2014).
In particular, the Company disagrees with the proposed assessment dated December 12, 2016 from the State of New York and attended a conciliation conference with the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance Audit section on June 7, 2017. No settlement was reached at the conference and the proposed assessment was sustained. As such, in a revised letter dated November 30, 2017, the Company received from the State of New York a revised assessment related to tax years 2006-2009 for approximately $5,097, inclusive of approximately $2,419 of interest. The Company has appealed the assessment with the New York State Division of Tax Appeals. On November 17, 2017, the Company was notified that the State of New York proposed an adjustment in the amount of approximately $3,906 for the years 2010 to 2014, inclusive of approximately $757 in interest. In November 2018, we met with the Department officials for the assessment related to 2010 to 2014. The meeting ended with the company disagreeing with the proposed assessment for the years in audit. Subsequently, in a letter dated February 4, 2019, the interest amount is revised to $1,203. The Company disagrees to the proposed assessment and the Company has consented to extend such assessment period through December 31, 2019.
The Company is also under examination in New York City (2006 through 2014). New York City Department of Finance has proposed an audit change notice to the Company dated May 2, 2018, for the tax years ended December 31, 2006 through December 31, 2009 for proposed general corporation tax liability in the amount of $4,797 plus $4,138 in interest. In a letter dated January 18, 2019, NYC Department of finance has issued a proposed general tax liability of $5,599, inclusive of $1,569 in interest for audit periods 2010 to 2014. The Company disagrees with the proposed assessment and the Company has consented to extend such assessment period through September 31, 2019.
The Company has not recorded a tax reserve related to these proposed assessments. It is difficult to predict the final outcome or timing of resolution of any particular matter regarding these examinations. An estimate of the reasonably possible changes to unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months cannot be made.
In March 2018, Commonwealth of Massachusetts began an audit of state tax filing of the company for the state of Massachusetts for the 12 month periods ending December 31, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The Company has agreed to extend the assessment period for state of Massachusetts through March 31, 2019.
14.    Commitments and Contingencies
On February 7, 2007, in an action styled White Plains Plaza Realty, LLC v. TSI LLC et al., the landlord of one of TSI LLC’s former health and fitness clubs filed a lawsuit in the Appellate Division, Second Department of the Supreme Court of the State of New York against it and two of its health club subsidiaries alleging, among other things, breach of lease in connection with the decision to close the club located in a building owned by the plaintiff and leased to a subsidiary of TSI LLC, the tenant, and take additional space in a nearby facility leased by another subsidiary of TSI LLC. Following a determination of an initial award, which TSI LLC and the tenant have paid in full, the landlord appealed the trial court’s award of damages, and on August 29, 2011, an additional award (amounting to approximately $900) (the “Additional Award”), was entered against the tenant, which has recorded a liability. Separately, TSI LLC is party to an agreement with a third-party developer, which by its terms provides indemnification for the full amount of any liability of any nature arising out of the lease described above, including attorneys’ fees incurred to enforce the indemnity. As a result, the developer reimbursed TSI LLC and the tenant the amount of the initial award in installments over time and also agreed to be responsible for the payment of the Additional Award, and the

25

Table of Contents

tenant has recorded a receivable related to the indemnification for the Additional Award. The developer and the landlord are currently litigating the payment of the Additional Award and judgment was entered against the developer on June 5, 2013, in the amount of approximately $1,000, plus interest, which judgment was upheld by the appellate court on April 29, 2015. TSI LLC does not believe it is probable that TSI LLC will be required to pay for any amount of the Additional Award.
In addition to the litigation discussed above, the Company is involved in various other lawsuits, claims and proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of business, including personal injury, landlord tenant disputes, construction matters, employee and member relations, and Telephone Consumer Protection Act claims (a number of which purport to represent a class and one of which was brought by the Washington, D.C. Attorney General’s Office). The results of litigation are inherently unpredictable. Any claims against the Company, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time and result in diversion of significant resources. The results of these other lawsuits, claims and proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. The Company establishes accruals for loss contingencies when it has determined that a loss is probable and that the amount of loss, or range of loss, can be reasonably estimated. Any such accruals are adjusted thereafter as appropriate to reflect changes in circumstances. The Company concluded that an accrual for any such matters is not required as of March 31, 2019.
The Company assigned its interest, and is contingently liable, under a real estate lease. This lease expires in 2020. As of March 31, 2019, the undiscounted payments the Company could be required to make in the event of non-payment by the primary lessee was approximately $789. The Company has not recorded a liability with respect to this guarantee obligation as of March 31, 2019 as it concluded that payment under this lease guarantee was not probable.

26

Table of Contents

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Introduction
In this Form 10-Q, unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise indicates, references to “the Company,” “we,” “our,” “TSI Holdings” and similar references refer to Town Sports International Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries. References to “TSI LLC” refer to Town Sports International, LLC, and “TSI Group” refer to Town Sports Group, LLC, both of which are wholly-owned operating subsidiaries of the Company. The Company is a diversified holding company owning subsidiaries engaged in a number of business and investment activities. The Company’s largest operating subsidiary, TSI LLC, has been involved in the fitness industry since 1973 and has grown to become one of the largest owners and operators of fitness clubs in the Northeast region of the United States. TSI Group was formed in 2017 to invest in public and private equities and real estate. TSI Holdings’ corporate structure provides flexibility to make investments across a broad spectrum of industries in order to create long-term value for stockholders.
Based on the number of clubs, we are one of the leading owners and operators of fitness clubs in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States and one of the largest fitness club owners and operators in the United States. Our clubs collectively served approximately 659,000 members as of March 31, 2019. As of March 31, 2019, we owned and operated 189 fitness clubs (“clubs”) under the various brand names, primarily located in the United States of America.
Brand
Count
New York Sports Clubs
98
Boston Sports Clubs
32
Washington Sports Clubs
10
Philadelphia Sports Clubs
5
Lucille Roberts
16
TMPL
2
Total Woman Gym and Spa
11
Palm Beach Sports Clubs
3
Christi's Fitness
1
Around the Clock Fitness
6
LIV Fitness
2
New York Sports Clubs - Switzerland
3
 
189
We develop clusters of clubs to serve densely populated metropolitan regions and we service such populations by clustering clubs near the highest concentrations of our target customers’ areas of both employment and residence. Our clubs are located for maximum convenience to our members in urban or suburban areas, close to transportation hubs or office or retail centers. Our members include a wide age demographic covering the student market to the active mature market. In each of our main regions, we have developed clusters by initially opening or acquiring clubs located in the more central urban markets of the region and then branching out from these urban centers to suburbs and neighboring communities.
In the first quarter of 2019, we acquired six clubs. In 2018, we acquired 25 clubs and constructed and opened one new club for which we had an existing lease.
Revenue and operating expenses
We have two principal sources of revenue: 
•
Membership revenue: Our largest sources of revenue are dues inclusive of monthly membership fees, annual maintenance fees, and initiation and processing fees paid by our members. In addition, we collect usage fees on a per visit basis for non-passport members using non-home clubs. These dues and fees comprised 76.6 of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019. We recognize revenue from membership dues in the month when the services are rendered. We recognize revenue from initiation and processing fees over the estimated average membership life and annual fees over a twelve month period.
•
Ancillary club revenue: For the three months ended March 31, 2019, we generated 16.7% of our revenue from personal training and 5.5% of our revenue from other ancillary programs and services consisting of Sports Clubs

27

Table of Contents

for Kids, racquet sports and Small Group Training programs. We continue to grow ancillary club revenue by building on ancillary programs such as our personal training membership product and our fee-based Small Group Training programs.
We also receive revenue (approximately 1.2% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019) from the rental of space in our facilities to operators who offer wellness-related offerings, such as physical therapy and juice bars. In addition, we sell in-club advertising and sponsorships, provide laundry services to third parties, and generate management fees from certain club facilities that we do not wholly own. We refer to these revenues as Fees and other revenue.
Our performance is dependent in part on our ability to continually attract and retain members at our clubs. In the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, our monthly average attrition rate was 3.8% and 3.9%, respectively.
Our operating expenses are comprised of both fixed and variable costs. Fixed costs include club and supervisory and other salary and related expenses, occupancy costs, including most elements of rent, utilities, housekeeping and contracted maintenance expenses, as well as depreciation. Variable costs are primarily related to payroll associated with ancillary club revenue, membership sales compensation, advertising, certain facility repairs and club supplies.
General and administrative expenses include costs relating to our centralized support functions, such as accounting, insurance, information and communication systems, acquisition related costs, purchasing, member relations, legal and consulting fees and real estate development expenses. Payroll and related expenses are included in a separate line item on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and are not included in general and administrative expenses. Approximately $2.3 million and $1.8 million, or 34% and 31%, of general and administrative expenses relate directly to club operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, including general liability insurance, phone and data lines, computer maintenance, business licenses, office and sales supplies, recruiting and training.
As clubs mature and increase their membership base, fixed costs are typically spread over an increasing revenue base and operating margins tend to improve. Conversely, when our membership base declines, our operating margins are negatively impacted.
At acquired clubs, operating margins may initially decline due to costs related to the acquisition and time to implement and integrate into our process. Our primary capital expenditures relate to routine improvements at our clubs, the construction or acquisition of new club facilities and the upgrade and renovation of our existing clubs. The construction and equipment costs vary based on the costs of construction labor, as well as the planned service offerings and size and configuration of the facility. We perform routine improvements at our clubs and partial replacement of the fitness equipment each year for which we are currently budgeting approximately 2% of projected annual revenue. In this regard, facility remodeling is also considered where appropriate.
As of March 31, 2019, our consolidated operating results included five majority owned clubs for which we had control. In addition, we owned 45% and 20%, respectively, of two clubs (one of which operated under a different brand name) for which we applied the equity method of accounting. We also owned one licensed club and provided management services at two locations that we did not have an equity interest.

28

Table of Contents

Historical Club Count
The following table set forth the changes in our club count during each of the quarters in 2018, the full-year 2018, and the first quarter of 2019.
 
2018
 
2019
Q1
 
Q2
 
Q3
 
Q4
 
Full Year
 
Q1
Clubs included in consolidated operating results:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clubs operated at beginning of period
164

 
164

 
175

 
179

 
164

 
183

Acquired clubs
2

 
12

 
7

 
4

 
25

 
6

New clubs opened
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
1

 
—

Club converted to licensed club(3)
(1
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

Clubs closed
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(1
)
 
(6
)
 
(2
)
Clubs operated at end of period
164

 
175

 
179

 
183

 
183

 
187

Club included in equity investment at end of period(1)
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

Licensed club operated at end of period(3)
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

 
1

Total clubs operated at end of period(1)(2)
166

 
177

 
181

 
185

 
185

 
189

(1)
Excludes one 20% owned club that operated under a different brand name in our Washington, D.C. region.
(2)
Excludes two locations that were managed by us in which we did not have an equity interest.
(3)
Includes one club that transitioned to a licensed location in the first quarter of 2018 and bears the “Washington Sports Clubs” brand name.

Comparable Club Revenue
We define comparable club revenue as revenue at those clubs that were operated by us for over 12 months (“comparable clubs”) and comparable club revenue increase (decrease) as revenue for the 13th month and thereafter as applicable as compared to the same period of the prior year.
Key determinants of comparable club revenue increases shown in the table below are new memberships, member retention rates, pricing and ancillary revenue increases.
 
2018
 
2019
Q1
 
Q2
 
Q3
 
Q4
 
Q1
Comparable club revenue
1.7
%

1.8
%

1.5
%

1.1
%
 
(1.8
)%
The comparable club revenue decrease in the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to a decrease in member count and personal training revenue, partially offset by higher average dues per membership and increased annual fees. The comparable club revenue increase in 2018 was primarily due to higher average dues per membership, increased annual fees and personal training revenue, partially offset by a decrease in member count and other ancillary club revenue, particularly our Sports Clubs for Kids programs.

29

Table of Contents

Consolidated Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Revenue
 
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
Payroll and related
 
38.9

 
36.9

Club operating
 
45.9

 
45.1

General and administrative
 
5.9

 
5.5

Depreciation and amortization
 
8.2

 
8.5

 
 
98.9

 
96.0

Operating income
 
1.1

 
4.0

Interest expense
 
3.0

 
3.0

Equity in the earnings of investees and rental income
 
—

 
(0.1
)
(Loss) income before provision for corporate income taxes
 
(1.8
)
 
1.1

Provision for corporate income taxes
 
0.1

 
0.1

Net (loss) income including non-controlling interests
 
(1.9
)
 
1.1

Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
 
(0.1
)
 
—

Net loss attributable to TSI Holdings
 
(1.8
)%
 
1.0
 %

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Revenue (in thousands) was comprised of the following for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
Revenue
 
% Revenue
 
Revenue
 
% Revenue
 
% Variance
Membership dues
$
88,823

 
76.2
%
 
$
82,281

 
76.8
%
 
8.0
%
Initiation and processing fees
429

 
0.4

 
337

 
0.3

 
27.3

Membership revenue
89,252

 
76.6

 
82,618

 
77.1

 
8.0

Personal training revenue
19,489

 
16.7

 
18,253

 
17.0

 
6.8

Other ancillary club revenue (1)
6,399

 
5.5

 
4,804

 
4.5

 
33.2

Ancillary club revenue
25,888

 
22.2

 
23,057

 
21.5

 
12.3

Fees and other revenue (2)
1,458

 
1.2

 
1,436

 
1.3

 
1.5

Total revenue
$
116,598

 
100.0
%
 
$
107,111

 
100.0
%
 
8.9
%
(1)
Other ancillary club revenue primarily consisted of Sports Clubs for Kids, Small Group Training, racquet sports and spa.
(2)
Fees and other revenue primarily consisted of rental income, marketing revenue, management fees and laundry service fees.
Revenue increased $9.5 million, or 8.9%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily related to the newly acquired clubs. These increases were partially offset by the impact of club closures of $2.0 million and a decline in membership dues and personal training in comparable clubs of $1.8 million.
Membership dues revenue increased $6.5 million, or 8.0%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily reflecting the favorable impact from the newly acquired clubs and increased annual fees. These increases were partially offset by the impact of club closures and a net member decline in comparable clubs.


30

Table of Contents

Personal training revenue increased $1.2 million, or 6.8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily due to the favorable impact from the newly acquired clubs, partially offset by the impact of club closures and a decline in comparable clubs.
Other ancillary club revenue increased $1.6 million, or 33.2%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily due to the favorable impact from the newly acquired clubs, which included $894,000 million related to spa services.
Operating expenses (in thousands) were comprised of the following for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
% Variance
Payroll and related
$
45,323

 
$
39,474

 
14.8
%
Club operating
53,576

 
48,364

 
10.8

General and administrative
6,870

 
5,911

 
16.2

Depreciation and amortization
9,585

 
9,128

 
5.0

Total operating expenses
$
115,354

 
$
102,877

 
12.1
%
Operating expenses increased due to the following factors:
Payroll and related. Payroll and related expenses increased $5.8 million, or 14.8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily reflecting the impact from the acquired and newly opened clubs of approximately $6.3 million. We were also subject to compliance with minimum wage increases in jurisdictions that we operate. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in personal training payroll expenses related to lower personal training revenue in comparable clubs and the impact of club closures and other savings initiatives.
Club operating. Club operating expenses increased $5.2 million, or 10.8%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily reflecting the impact from the newly acquired and opened clubs of $5.9 million, including $4.0 million for rent and occupancy expenses. In addition, rent and occupancy expenses also increased $2.3 million at comparable clubs due to rent escalations. The increase in club operating expenses was also partly due to the impact from the adoption of the new lease standard (Account Standards Codification Topic 842). Partially offsetting these increases were decreases of $1.8 million in club operating expenses reflecting the impact of club closures.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $1.0 million, or 16.2%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, primarily reflecting an increase from the newly acquired and opened clubs of $664,000 and an increase at our mature clubs, including reserve for general liability insurance.
Depreciation and amortization. In the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018, depreciation and amortization expense increased 457,000, or 5.0%, primarily due to the depreciation of assets at our new clubs, partially offset by a decrease at our mature clubs and the impact of closed locations.
Provision for corporate income taxes
We recorded an income tax provision inclusive of valuation allowance of $74,000 and $78,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, reflecting a negative effective income tax rate of 3% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and an effective income tax rate of 6% for the three months ended March 31, 2018. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we calculated our income tax provision using the estimated annual effective tax rate methodology.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We continue to experience revenue pressure as the fitness industry continues to be highly competitive in the geographic regions in which we operate. We continue to strategize on improving our financial results and focus on increasing membership to increase revenue. We may consider additional actions within our control, including certain acquisitions, licensing arrangements, the closure of unprofitable clubs upon lease expiration and the sale of certain assets. Our ability to continue to meet our obligations is dependent on our ability to generate positive cash flow from a combination of initiatives, including those mentioned above. Failure to continue to successfully implement these initiatives could have a material adverse effect on

31

Table of Contents

our liquidity and our operations, and we would need to implement alternative plans that could include additional asset sales, additional reductions in operating costs, additional reductions in working capital, debt restructuring and the deferral of capital expenditures. There can be no assurance that such alternatives would be available to us or that we would be successful in their implementation.
As of March 31, 2019, we had $37.2 million of cash and cash equivalents. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. Although we deposit our cash with more than one financial institution, as of March 31, 2019, $20.3 million was held at one financial institution. We have not experienced any losses on cash and cash equivalent accounts to date and we do not believe that, based on the credit ratings of the aforementioned institutions, we are exposed to any significant credit risk related to cash at this time.
Historically, we have satisfied our liquidity needs through cash generated from operations and various borrowing arrangements. Principal liquidity needs have included the acquisition and development of new clubs, debt service requirements, debt purchases and other capital expenditures necessary to upgrade, expand and renovate existing clubs. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures, working capital needs and other liquidity requirements associated with our existing operations through at least the next 12 months. To the extent we continue to expand our business through construction of new clubs or acquisitions, we may need to obtain additional sources of financing.
We from time to time communicate with our existing lenders and/or new potential lenders or investors regarding the availability of debt and/or equity financing to fund working capital and for general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, refinancing our existing debt and/or to fund acquisitions. Any potential financing will be subject to, among other factors, receipt of satisfactory terms which will depend on market conditions at such time. There can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate any financing or the terms of any such financing.
Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2019 decreased $14.9 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018. Decreases in operating cash included the following:

•
Cash paid for occupancy increased $13.7 million due timing differences in occupancy payments.
•
Cash paid for payroll increased $8.0 million mainly due to the impact from the acquired and newly opened clubs as well as an increase in minimum wage.

Offsetting increases in operating cash included the following:

•
Cash collected for membership dues increased $5.8 million.
•
Cash collected for personal training memberships increased $593,000.
•
Cash collected for recurring annual fees increased $339,000.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities increased $19.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2018 primarily related to the increase in acquisition activity in 2019. Cash paid in connection with the acquisition of businesses, property and other assets, increased $17.7 million in the 2019 period. The increase in cash used in investing activities was also due to increased capital expenditures, primarily due to continued enhancement or upgrade to our existing clubs, and the remodeling of several clubs.
Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities increased $149,000, primarily due to increased principal payments on finance lease obligations, and principal payments on mortgage and term loan in the three months ended March 31, 2019.
As of March 31, 2019, our total principal amount of debt outstanding under our 2013 Term Loan Facility was $197.3 million. Of the $197.3 million, we paid $18.1 million in principal payments in April 2019 associated with the $36.3 million excess cash flow at December 31, 2018, with the remaining debt balance maturing on November 15, 2020. This substantial amount of debt could have significant consequences, including:
•
making it more difficult to satisfy our obligations, including with respect to our outstanding indebtedness;
•
increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
•
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions of new clubs and other general corporate requirements;

32

Table of Contents

•
requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations for the payment of interest on our debt, which is variable on our 2013 Revolving Loan Facility and on our 2013 Term Loan Facility, and/or principal pursuant to excess cash flow requirements and reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and acquisitions of new clubs and general corporate requirements;
•
increasing our vulnerability to interest rate fluctuations in connection with borrowings under our 2013 Senior Credit Facility at variable interest rates;
•
limiting our ability to refinance our existing indebtedness on favorable terms before the expiration of the current 2013 Term Loan Facility, or at all; and
•
limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate.
These limitations and consequences may place us at a competitive disadvantage to other less-leveraged competitors.
We believe that we have, or will be able to generate, sufficient funds to finance our current operating plans through the next 12 months. Any material acceleration or expansion of our plans through newly constructed clubs or acquisitions (to the extent such acquisitions include cash payments) may require us to pursue additional sources of financing. There can be no assurance that such financing will be available, available on acceptable terms, or permitted under the 2013 Senior Credit Facility (as defined below).
2013 Senior Credit Facility
On November 15, 2013, TSI LLC, an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a $370.0 million senior secured credit facility (“2013 Senior Credit Facility”), pursuant to a credit agreement among TSI LLC, TSI Holdings II, LLC, a newly-formed, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Holdings II”), as a Guarantor, the lenders party thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, as administrative agent, and Keybank National Association, as syndication agent. The 2013 Senior Credit Facility consists of a $325.0 million term loan facility maturing on November 15, 2020 (“2013 Term Loan Facility”) and a $15.0 million revolving loan facility maturing on August 14, 2020 (“2013 Revolving Loan Facility”). Proceeds from the 2013 Term Loan Facility of $323.4 million were issued, net of an original issue discount (“OID”) of 0.5%, or $1.6 million. The borrowings under the 2013 Senior Credit Facility are guaranteed and secured by assets and pledges of capital stock by Holdings II, TSI LLC, and, subject to certain customary exceptions, the wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries of TSI LLC.
On January 30, 2015, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility was amended (the “First Amendment”) to permit TSI Holdings to purchase term loans under the credit agreement. Any term loans purchased by TSI Holdings will be canceled in accordance with the terms of the credit agreement, as amended by the Amendment. We may from time to time purchase term loans in market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise; however we are under no obligation to make any such purchases. Any such transactions, and the amounts involved, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.
On November 8, 2018, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility was amended (the “ Second Amendment”), which modified the revolving loan facility amount to $15.0 million from $45.0 million, and extended the maturity date from November 15, 2018 to August 14, 2020. In addition, the Second Amendment restated that the Company is not able to utilize more than 20% or $3.0 million in accordance with terms of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility if the total leverage ratio exceeds 4.00:1.00 (calculated on a proforma basis to give effect to any borrowing). Previously, the Company was not able to utilize more than 25% or $11.3 million in accordance with terms of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility if the total leverage ratio exceeded 4.50:1.00 (calculated on a proforma basis to give effect to any borrowing).
Borrowings under the 2013 Term Loan Facility and the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility, at TSI LLC’s option, bear interest at either the administrative agent’s base rate plus 2.5% or a LIBOR rate adjusted for certain additional costs (the “Eurodollar Rate”) plus 3.5%, each as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility. With respect to the outstanding term loans, the Eurodollar Rate has a floor of 1.00% and the base rate has a floor of 2.00%. Commencing with the last business day of the quarter ended March 31, 2014, TSI LLC is required to pay 0.25% of the principal amount of the term loans each quarter, which may be reduced by voluntary prepayments. As of March 31, 2019, TSI LLC had made a total of $26.7 million in principal payments on the 2013 Term Loan Facility.
In May 2017, TSI LLC loaned $5.0 million to TSI Group, a wholly-owned subsidiary of TSI Holdings, at a rate of LIBOR plus 9.55% per annum. In addition to the interest payments, TSI Group is required to repay 1.0% of the principal amount of the loan, $50,000 per annum, on a quarterly basis commencing September 30, 2017. The loan is secured by certain collateral. This transaction has no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements as it is eliminated in

33

Table of Contents

consolidation. In October 2017, TSI LLC made a dividend distribution of $35.0 million to TSI Holdings. As of March 31, 2019, TSI Group had a cash balance of approximately $3.2 million.

As of March 31, 2019, TSI LLC had outstanding letters of credit of $2.5 million under the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility and a total leverage ratio that was below 4.00:1.00. Other than these outstanding letters of credit, TSI LLC did not have any amounts utilized on the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility. The Company also had $2.0 million in outstanding letters of credit issued that were not associated with the 2013 Revolving Credit Facility to secure certain lease obligations. The unutilized portion of the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility as of March 31, 2019 was $12.5 million, with borrowings under such facility subject to the conditions applicable to borrowings under the Company’s 2013 Senior Credit Facility, which conditions the Company may or may not be able to satisfy at the time of borrowing. In addition, the financial covenant described above, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility contains certain affirmative and negative covenants, including those that may limit or restrict TSI LLC and Holdings II’s ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness and other liabilities; create liens; merge or consolidate; dispose of assets; make investments; pay dividends and make payments to stockholders; make payments on certain indebtedness; and enter into sale leaseback transactions, in each case, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions. The 2013 Senior Credit Facility also includes customary events of default (including non-compliance with the covenants or other terms of the 2013 Senior Credit Facility) which may allow the lenders to terminate the commitments under the 2013 Revolving Loan Facility and declare all outstanding term loans and revolving loans immediately due and payable and enforce its rights as a secured creditor.

TSI LLC may prepay the 2013 Term Loan Facility and 2013 Revolving Loan Facility without premium or penalty in accordance with the 2013 Senior Credit Facility. Mandatory prepayments are required relating to certain asset sales, insurance recovery and incurrence of certain other debt and commencing in 2015 in certain circumstances relating to excess cash flow (as defined) for the prior fiscal year, as described below, in excess of certain expenditures. Pursuant to the terms of the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, the Company is required to apply net proceeds in excess of $30.0 million from sales of assets in any fiscal year towards mandatory prepayments of outstanding borrowings.

In addition, the 2013 Senior Credit Facility contains provisions that require excess cash flow payments, as defined therein, to be applied against outstanding 2013 Term Loan Facility balances. The excess cash flow is calculated annually for each fiscal year ending December 31 and paid 95 days after the fiscal year end. The applicable excess cash flow repayment percentage is applied to the excess cash flow when determining the excess cash flow payment. Earnings, changes in working capital and capital expenditure levels all impact the determination of any excess cash flow. The applicable excess cash flow repayment percentage is 50% when the total leverage ratio, as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, exceeds or is equal to 2.50:1.00; 25% when the total leverage ratio is greater than or equal to 2.00:1.00 but less than 2.50:1.00 and 0% when the total leverage ratio is less than 2.00:1.00. TSI LLC may pay dividends in the amount of cumulative retained excess cash flow to TSI Holdings as long as at the time the dividend is made, and immediately after, TSI LLC is in compliance on a pro forma basis with a total leverage ratio of less than 4.00:1.00. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company had $36.3 million of excess cash flow, as defined in the 2013 Senior Credit Facility, resulting in a principal payment of $18.1 million paid in April 2019. This principal payment amount was included in Current portion of long-term debt on the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019.

As of March 31, 2019, the 2013 Term Loan Facility has a gross principal balance of $197.3 million and a balance of $195.1 million net of unamortized debt discount of $1.7 million and unamortized debt issuance costs of $549,000. As of March 31, 2019, both the unamortized balance of debt issuance costs and unamortized debt discount are recorded as a contra-liability and netted with long-term debt on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet and are being amortized as interest expense using the effective interest method.
Mortgage and Term Loan
On August 3, 2018, TSI - Donald Ross Realty LLC, a subsidiary of TSI Group, entered into a mortgage note for $3.2 million with BankUnited, N.A. (the “Lender”). This mortgage note bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% and is payable in 120 monthly payments of principal and interest based on a 25 year amortization period. The first payment was due and paid on September 3, 2018. The entire principal balance of this mortgage note is due and payable in full on its maturity date of August 3, 2028. As of March 31, 2019, this mortgage note had an outstanding principal balance of $3.1 million, net of principal payments of $36,000.
On April 24, 2018, Dixie Highway Realty, LLC, a subsidiary of TSI Group, entered into promissory notes for $1.9 million (the “Mortgage Note”) and $500,000 (the “Term Note”) with the Lender. The Mortgage Note bears interest at a fixed rate of

34

Table of Contents

5.46% and is payable in 120 monthly payments of principal and interest based on a 25 year amortization period. The first payment was due and paid on May 24, 2018. The entire principal balance of the Mortgage Note is due and payable in full on its maturity date of April 24, 2028. 
The Term Note bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.30% and is payable in 60 payments of principal and interest. The first payment was due and paid on May 24, 2018 and the final payment will be due to the Lender on the maturity date of April 24, 2023 for all principal and accrued interest not yet paid. In connection with the above mortgage and term loan notes, TSI Group or TSI Holdings must maintain a minimum relationship liquidity balance with the Lender of $500,000 in the form of an operating account. As of March 31, 2019, the Mortgage Note and Term Note had an outstanding principal balance of $1.8 million and $418,000, respectively, reflecting net of principal payments of $33,000 for the Mortgage Note and $82,000 for the Term Note.
The carrying amount of the mortgage notes and Term Note approximates fair value based on Level 2 inputs. Level 2 is based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
Recent Changes in or Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies
Other than as disclosed below, management believes there have been no other material changes during the period covered by this Quarterly Report to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.
Fixed and intangible assets. Fixed assets are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are 30 years for building and improvements, five years for club equipment, furniture, fixtures and computer equipment and three to five years for computer software. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining period of the related lease. Payroll costs directly related to the construction or expansion of the Company’s locations are capitalized with leasehold improvements. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold, is removed from the respective accounts and any gain or loss is recognized in operations. The costs related to developing web applications, developing web pages and installing or enhancing developed applications on the web servers are capitalized and classified as computer software. Website hosting fees and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Fixed assets are evaluated for impairment periodically whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that related carrying amounts may not be recoverable from undiscounted cash flows in accordance with the FASB guidance. The Company’s long-lived assets and liabilities are grouped at the individual club level, which is the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows. To the extent that estimated future undiscounted net cash flows attributable to the assets are less than the carrying amount, an impairment charge equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and their fair values is recognized.
Goodwill was allocated to reporting units that closely reflect the regions served by the Company: New York, Boston, Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, Florida, California, Puerto Rico and Switzerland. The Company has acquired several clubs in 2018 and the first quarter of 2019 and has recorded goodwill as applicable to the appropriate regions. For more information on these acquisitions, refer to Note 12 - Acquisitions. Goodwill for all acquisitions was recorded at fair value at the time of such acquisitions and may have changes to the balances up to one year after acquisition. As of March 31, 2019, the New York, Boston, California, Florida, Puerto Rico and Switzerland regions have a goodwill balance.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2018, the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test is performed on August 1, or more frequently, should circumstances change which would indicate the fair value of goodwill is below its carrying amount. The Company has historically performed its goodwill impairment test annually as of the last day of February.
As of February 28, 2018, the Company performed a goodwill impairment test on the Switzerland region in line with the historical policy. As of August 1, 2018, the Company performed a goodwill impairment test on the New York, Boston, California and Switzerland regions, which was within 12 months of the related acquisitions. For the Florida and Puerto Rico regions, the acquired goodwill was related to the acquisitions of clubs after the annual testing date. As such, these intangible

35

Table of Contents

assets were recorded at fair value at the time of acquisitions. The next goodwill impairment test for all reporting units will be August 1, 2019, which is within 12 months of the acquisitions.
The Company’s annual goodwill impairment tests as of August 1, 2018 and February 28, 2018 were performed by comparing the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit with its carrying amount and then recognizing an impairment charge, as necessary, for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The estimated fair value was determined by using an income approach. The income approach was based on discounted future cash flows and required significant assumptions, including estimates regarding revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and future economic and market conditions. The August 1, 2018 and February 28, 2018 annual impairment tests supported the goodwill balance and as such, no impairment of goodwill was required.
Business Combinations. In connection with an acquisition of a business, the Company records all assets acquired and liabilities assumed, if any, of the acquired business at their acquisition date fair value, including the recognition of contingent consideration at fair value on the acquisition date. These fair value determinations require judgment and may involve the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives, and market multiples, among other items. We may utilize independent third-party valuation firms to assist in making these fair value determinations.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without limitation, statements regarding future financial results and performance, potential sales revenue, potential club closures, results of cost-savings initiatives, legal contingencies and tax benefits and contingencies, future declarations and payments of dividends, and the existence of adverse litigation and other risks, uncertainties and factors set forth under Item 1A, entitled “Risk Factors,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 and in our other reports and documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “outlook,” “believes,” “expects,” “potential,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “target,” “could,” or the negative version of these words or other comparable words. These statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, including, among others, the level of market demand for our services, economic conditions affecting our business, the success of our pricing model, the geographic concentration of our clubs, competitive pressure, the ability to achieve reductions in operating costs and to continue to integrate acquisitions, outsourcing of certain aspects of our business, environmental matters, the application of federal and state tax laws and regulations, any security and privacy breaches involving customer data, the levels and terms of the Company’s indebtedness, and other specific factors discussed herein and in other SEC filings made by us. We believe that all forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions when made; however, we caution that it is impossible to predict actual results or outcomes or the effects of risks, uncertainties or other factors on anticipated results or outcomes and that, accordingly, one should not place undue reliance on these statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date when made and we undertake no obligation to update these statements in light of subsequent events or developments. Actual results may differ materially from anticipated results or outcomes discussed in any forward-looking statement.

36

Table of Contents

Item  3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Not applicable.
Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures: We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports filed or submitted by us under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired controls.
As of March 31, 2019, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures defined above. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting: We concluded that except for the implementation of certain internal controls related to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leasing (“Topic 842”), there were no changes to internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. The adoption of Topic 842 required implementation of new accounting processes and business applications which changed internal controls over financial reporting.

37

Table of Contents

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.         Legal Proceedings
On February 7, 2007, in an action styled White Plains Plaza Realty, LLC v. TSI LLC et al., the landlord of one of TSI LLC’s former health and fitness clubs filed a lawsuit in the Appellate Division, Second Department of the Supreme Court of the State of New York against it and two of its health club subsidiaries alleging, among other things, breach of lease in connection with the decision to close the club located in a building owned by the plaintiff and leased to a subsidiary of TSI LLC, the tenant, and take additional space in a nearby facility leased by another subsidiary of TSI LLC. Following a determination of an initial award, which TSI LLC and the tenant have paid in full, the landlord appealed the trial court’s award of damages, and on August 29, 2011, an additional award (amounting to approximately $900,000) (the “Additional Award”), was entered against the tenant, which has recorded a liability. Separately, TSI LLC is party to an agreement with a third-party developer, which by its terms provides indemnification for the full amount of any liability of any nature arising out of the lease described above, including attorneys’ fees incurred to enforce the indemnity. As a result, the developer reimbursed TSI LLC and the tenant the amount of the initial award in installments over time and also agreed to be responsible for the payment of the Additional Award, and the tenant has recorded a receivable related to the indemnification for the Additional Award. The developer and the landlord are currently litigating the payment of the Additional Award and judgment was entered against the developer on June 5, 2013, in the amount of approximately $1.0 million, plus interest, which judgment was upheld by the appellate court on April 29, 2015. TSI LLC does not believe it is probable that TSI LLC will be required to pay for any amount of the Additional Award.
In addition to the litigation discussed above, the Company is involved in various other lawsuits, claims and proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of business, including personal injury, landlord tenant disputes, construction matters, employee and member relations, and Telephone Consumer Protection Act claims (a number of which purport to represent a class and one of which was brought by the Washington, D.C. Attorney General’s Office). The results of litigation are inherently unpredictable. Any claims against the Company, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time and result in diversion of significant resources. The results of these other lawsuits, claims and proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. The Company establishes accruals for loss contingencies when it has determined that a loss is probable and that the amount of loss, or range of loss, can be reasonably estimated. Any such accruals are adjusted thereafter as appropriate to reflect changes in circumstances. We currently believe that the ultimate outcome of such lawsuits, claims and proceedings will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. However, depending on the amount and timing, an unfavorable resolution of some or all of these matters could materially affect our future results of operations in a particular period.
ITEM 1A.    Risk Factors
There have not been any material changes to the information related to the ITEM 1A. “Risk Factors” disclosure in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018.
ITEM 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
ITEM 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
ITEM 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.    Other Information
None.

38

Table of Contents

ITEM 6.    Exhibits

Exhibit
No.
  
Description of Exhibit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
101.INS
  
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 
 
 
101.CAL
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
 
101.DEF
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
 
101.LAB
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
 
101.PRE
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
From time to time the Company may use its website as a channel of distribution of material company information. Financial and other material information regarding the Company is routinely posted on and accessible at https://www.townsportsinternational.com. In addition, you may automatically receive email alerts and other information about the Company by enrolling through the “Email Alerts” section at https://www.townsportsinternational.com.
The foregoing information regarding the Company website and its content is for convenience only. The content of its website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference into this report nor should it be deemed to have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

39

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
 
TOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL
HOLDINGS, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
DATE:
April 25, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
/s/ Carolyn Spatafora
 
 
 
 
Carolyn Spatafora
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer)






40