UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008.
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-8957
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 91-1292054 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
19300 International Boulevard, Seattle, Washington 98188
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (206) 392-5040
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and small reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x | Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ | |||
(do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes ¨ No x
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
The registrant has 36,208,917 common shares, par value $1.00, outstanding at September 30, 2008.
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 2008
4 | ||||
ITEM 1. |
4 | |||
ITEM 2. |
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
21 | ||
ITEM 3. |
49 | |||
ITEM 4. |
50 | |||
50 | ||||
ITEM 1. |
50 | |||
ITEM 1A. |
51 | |||
ITEM 2. |
51 | |||
ITEM 3. |
51 | |||
ITEM 4. |
51 | |||
ITEM 5. |
51 | |||
ITEM 6. |
51 |
2
As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms Air Group, our, we and the Company refer to Alaska Air Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. Alaska Airlines, Inc. and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. are referred to as Alaska and Horizon, respectively, and together as our airlines.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In addition to historical information, this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are those that predict or describe future events or trends and that do not relate solely to historical matters. You can generally identify forward-looking statements as statements containing the words believe, expect, will, anticipate, intend, estimate, project, assume or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or the Companys present expectations. Some of the things that could cause our actual results to differ from our expectations are:
| general economic conditions, as well as economic conditions in the geographic regions we serve; |
| the competitive environment in our industry; |
| changes in our operating costs, including fuel, which can be volatile; |
| labor disputes and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; |
| the timing of disposal and amounts of potential lease termination payments with lessors for our remaining CRJ-700 and Q200 leased aircraft and related sublease payments from sublessees, if applicable; |
| our significant indebtedness; |
| compliance with our financial covenants; |
| potential downgrades of our credit ratings and the availability of financing; |
| our ability to meet our cost reduction goals; |
| operational disruptions; |
| the concentration of our revenue from a few key markets; |
| actual or threatened terrorist attacks, global instability and potential U.S. military actions or activities; |
| insurance costs; |
| our inability to achieve or maintain profitability; |
| fluctuations in our quarterly results; |
| an aircraft accident or incident; |
| liability and other claims asserted against us; |
| our reliance on automated systems and the risks associated with changes made to those systems; |
| our reliance on third-party vendors and partners; |
| changes in laws and regulations; and |
| increases in government fees and taxes. |
You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements because the matters they describe are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other unpredictable factors, many of which are beyond our control. Our forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to us and speak only as of the date on which this report was filed with the SEC. We expressly disclaim any obligation to issue any updates or revisions to our forward-looking statements, even if subsequent events cause our expectations to change regarding the matters discussed in those statements. Over time, our actual results, performance or achievements will likely differ from the anticipated results, performance or achievements that are expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements, and such differences might be significant and materially adverse to our shareholders. For a discussion of these and other risk factors, see Item 1A: Risk Factors of the Companys annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of those risks as you read this report.
3
Item 1: | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
ASSETS |
||||||
(in millions) |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 | ||||
Current Assets |
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 259.2 | $ | 204.3 | ||
Marketable securities |
808.2 | 618.5 | ||||
Total cash and marketable securities |
1,067.4 | 822.8 | ||||
Securities lending collateral |
101.1 | 111.9 | ||||
Receivables - net |
143.0 | 138.0 | ||||
Inventories and supplies - net |
83.5 | 46.6 | ||||
Deferred income taxes |
130.2 | 84.9 | ||||
Fuel hedge contracts |
68.8 | 100.7 | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
84.7 | 85.4 | ||||
Total Current Assets |
1,678.7 | 1,390.3 | ||||
Property and Equipment |
||||||
Aircraft and other flight equipment |
3,357.8 | 2,981.2 | ||||
Other property and equipment |
603.8 | 574.5 | ||||
Deposits for future flight equipment |
397.1 | 430.0 | ||||
4,358.7 | 3,985.7 | |||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
1,141.2 | 1,023.4 | ||||
Total Property and Equipment - Net |
3,217.5 | 2,962.3 | ||||
Fuel Hedge Contracts |
29.9 | 11.8 | ||||
Other Assets |
139.8 | 126.5 | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 5,065.9 | $ | 4,490.9 | ||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
(in millions except share amounts) |
September 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
||||||
Current Liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 81.1 | $ | 101.5 | ||||
Accrued aircraft rent |
59.0 | 59.1 | ||||||
Accrued wages, vacation and payroll taxes |
100.8 | 112.3 | ||||||
Other accrued liabilities |
482.8 | 448.5 | ||||||
Air traffic liability |
461.2 | 364.5 | ||||||
Securities lending obligation |
101.1 | 111.9 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
254.5 | 175.9 | ||||||
Total Current Liabilities |
1,540.5 | 1,373.7 | ||||||
Long-Term Debt, Net of Current Portion |
1,613.1 | 1,124.6 | ||||||
Other Liabilities and Credits |
||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
151.8 | 131.2 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
407.8 | 413.6 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
427.0 | 422.4 | ||||||
986.6 | 967.2 | |||||||
Commitments and Contingencies |
||||||||
Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $1 par value |
||||||||
Authorized: 5,000,000 shares, none issued or outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock, $1 par value |
||||||||
Authorized: 100,000,000 shares |
||||||||
Issued: 2008 - 43,105,423 shares |
||||||||
2007 - 42,821,986 shares |
43.1 | 42.8 | ||||||
Capital in excess of par value |
911.1 | 899.1 | ||||||
Treasury stock (common), at cost: 2008 - 6,896,506 shares |
||||||||
2007 - 4,771,306 shares |
(161.4 | ) | (112.5 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(135.7 | ) | (133.3 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
268.6 | 329.3 | ||||||
925.7 | 1,025.4 | |||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 5,065.9 | $ | 4,490.9 | ||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
(in millions except per-share amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Operating Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
Passenger |
$ | 952.8 | $ | 920.2 | $ | 2,592.0 | $ | 2,452.2 | ||||||||
Freight and mail |
30.5 | 27.0 | 80.4 | 75.6 | ||||||||||||
Other - net |
39.6 | 41.6 | 120.8 | 124.8 | ||||||||||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms |
42.3 | | 42.3 | | ||||||||||||
Total Operating Revenues |
1,065.2 | 988.8 | 2,835.5 | 2,652.6 | ||||||||||||
Operating Expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Wages and benefits |
232.1 | 241.1 | 711.2 | 715.8 | ||||||||||||
Variable incentive pay |
6.3 | 2.9 | 15.0 | 17.2 | ||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses |
575.6 | 243.1 | 1,039.6 | 655.8 | ||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance |
47.4 | 59.2 | 159.6 | 176.7 | ||||||||||||
Aircraft rent |
40.2 | 45.2 | 126.1 | 133.2 | ||||||||||||
Landing fees and other rentals |
56.8 | 58.1 | 169.7 | 169.3 | ||||||||||||
Contracted services |
40.2 | 40.4 | 128.3 | 118.8 | ||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
41.7 | 42.7 | 120.3 | 122.8 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
52.1 | 46.6 | 152.9 | 132.3 | ||||||||||||
Food and beverage service |
13.5 | 12.9 | 39.2 | 36.9 | ||||||||||||
Other |
52.7 | 55.7 | 171.4 | 167.7 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
3.7 | | 3.7 | | ||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - MD-80 |
21.5 | | 47.5 | | ||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - CRJ-700 |
0.7 | | 6.8 | | ||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - Q200 |
0.7 | 3.9 | 9.7 | 10.6 | ||||||||||||
Total Operating Expenses |
1,185.2 | 851.8 | 2,901.0 | 2,457.1 | ||||||||||||
Operating Income (Loss) |
(120.0 | ) | 137.0 | (65.5 | ) | 195.5 | ||||||||||
Nonoperating Income (Expense) |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
10.7 | 13.8 | 31.5 | 42.0 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(25.9 | ) | (22.8 | ) | (74.3 | ) | (66.3 | ) | ||||||||
Interest capitalized |
5.9 | 7.1 | 18.5 | 20.9 | ||||||||||||
Other - net |
(3.7 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (3.4 | ) | (1.2 | ) | ||||||||
(13.0 | ) | (2.2 | ) | (27.7 | ) | (4.6 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income tax |
(133.0 | ) | 134.8 | (93.2 | ) | 190.9 | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
(46.5 | ) | 53.0 | (32.5 | ) | 74.0 | ||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (86.5 | ) | $ | 81.8 | $ | (60.7 | ) | $ | 116.9 | ||||||
Basic Earnings (Loss) Per Share: |
$ | (2.40 | ) | $ | 2.02 | $ | (1.67 | ) | $ | 2.89 | ||||||
Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share: |
$ | (2.40 | ) | $ | 2.01 | $ | (1.67 | ) | $ | 2.86 | ||||||
Shares used for computation: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
36.069 | 40.483 | 36.383 | 40.433 | ||||||||||||
Diluted |
36.069 | 40.775 | 36.383 | 40.941 |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
(in millions) |
Common Shares Outstanding |
Common Stock |
Capital in Excess of Par Value |
Treasury Stock, at Cost |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |
Retained Earnings |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2007 |
38.051 | $ | 42.8 | $ | 899.1 | $ | (112.5 | ) | $ | (133.3 | ) | $ | 329.3 | $ | 1,025.4 | |||||||||||
Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 |
(60.7 | ) | (60.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Related to marketable securities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value |
(15.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification to earnings |
(1.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax effect |
6.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(10.9 | ) | (10.9 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustments related to employee benefit plans: |
13.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax effect |
(5.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
8.5 | 8.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
(63.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
(2.126 | ) | (48.9 | ) | (48.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
10.8 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued under stock plans |
0.152 | 0.2 | (1.1 | ) | (0.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Treasury stock issued under stock plans |
0.001 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock issued for employee stock purchase plan |
0.131 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at September 30, 2008 |
36.209 | $ | 43.1 | $ | 911.1 | $ | (161.4 | ) | $ | (135.7 | ) | $ | 268.6 | $ | 925.7 | |||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
Nine Months Ended September 30 (in millions) |
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (60.7 | ) | $ | 116.9 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Restructuring charges |
3.7 | | ||||||
Fleet transition costs, including impairment charge |
64.0 | 10.6 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
152.9 | 132.3 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation |
10.8 | 9.6 | ||||||
Changes in fair values of open fuel hedge contracts |
13.8 | (6.5 | ) | |||||
Gain on sale of assets |
(3.3 | ) | (3.9 | ) | ||||
Changes in deferred income taxes |
(26.4 | ) | 73.2 | |||||
Increase in receivables - net |
(5.0 | ) | (22.6 | ) | ||||
Increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(42.1 | ) | (32.0 | ) | ||||
Increase in air traffic liability |
96.7 | 94.0 | ||||||
Decrease in other current liabilities |
(19.8 | ) | (18.8 | ) | ||||
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue and other-net |
(43.6 | ) | 20.6 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
141.0 | 373.4 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||
Property and equipment additions: |
||||||||
Aircraft and aircraft purchase deposits |
(347.3 | ) | (598.8 | ) | ||||
Other flight equipment |
(29.1 | ) | (25.3 | ) | ||||
Other property and equipment |
(34.1 | ) | (35.2 | ) | ||||
Total property and equipment additions |
(410.5 | ) | (659.3 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from disposition of assets |
6.3 | 60.0 | ||||||
Purchases of marketable securities |
(608.4 | ) | (863.2 | ) | ||||
Sales and maturities of marketable securities |
398.7 | 841.4 | ||||||
Restricted deposits and other |
7.1 | (1.7 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(606.8 | ) | (622.8 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net |
786.0 | 196.1 | ||||||
Long-term debt payments |
(218.9 | ) | (97.9 | ) | ||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
(48.9 | ) | (5.0 | ) | ||||
Proceeds and tax benefit from issuance of common stock |
2.6 | 5.8 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
520.8 | 99.0 | ||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
55.0 | (150.4 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
204.3 | 230.7 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 259.3 | $ | 80.3 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash paid (received) during the period for: |
||||||||
Interest (net of amount capitalized) |
$ | 52.3 | $ | 42.3 | ||||
Income taxes |
(0.2 | ) | (5.0 | ) |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
8
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Organization and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Alaska Air Group, Inc. (Air Group or the Company) include the accounts of the parent company, Alaska Air Group, Inc., and its principal subsidiaries, Alaska Airlines, Inc. (Alaska) and Horizon Air Industries, Inc. (Horizon), through which the Company conducts substantially all of its operations. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. In the opinion of management, all adjustments have been made that are necessary to present fairly the Companys financial position as of September 30, 2008, as well as the results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. The adjustments made were of a normal recurring nature.
The Companys condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). In preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Significant estimates made include assumptions used to record liabilities; expenses and revenues associated with the Companys Mileage Plan; amounts paid to lessors upon aircraft lease terminations; the fair market value of surplus or impaired aircraft, engines and parts; assumptions used in the calculations of pension expense in the Companys defined-benefit plans; and the amounts of certain accrued liabilities. Actual results may differ from the Companys estimates.
Reclassifications
The Company has made certain reclassifications to conform the prior years data to the current format.
Securities Lending
The Company lends certain marketable securities to third parties for a period of less than one year. During the period in which these securities are loaned to the third parties, the Company requires cash collateral for 102% of the daily market value of the loaned securities. As of September 30, 2008, the Company had $98.2 million of securities on loan under the program. These affected securities are included as marketable securities under current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Standards (SFAS) No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133. SFAS 161 requires entities that use derivative instruments to provide certain qualitative disclosures about their objectives and strategies for using such instruments, amounts and location of the derivatives in the financial statements, among other disclosures. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. Because of the importance and prominence of the Companys fuel-hedging program, management believes that the current disclosures included in quarterly and annual filings include many of the disclosures required under SFAS 161. Therefore, the Company currently does not anticipate that the adoption of SFAS 161 will have a material impact on the disclosures already provided.
9
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about fair-value measurements required under other accounting pronouncements. SFAS 157 does not change existing guidance as to whether or not an instrument is carried at fair value. The Company partially adopted this standard for financial assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2008. In accordance with FASB Staff Position No. 157-2, the Company has deferred adoption of SFAS 157 as it relates to nonfinancial assets and liabilities until January 1, 2009. In October 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset is Not Active (FSP 157-3), which clarifies the application of SFAS 157 in cases where a market is not active. The Company has considered the guidance provided by FSP 157-3 in its determination of estimated fair values as of September 30, 2008, and determined that there was no impact.
SFAS 157 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. SFAS 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The Company uses the market approach in determining the fair value of its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The securities held by the Company are valued based on observable prices in active markets. Amounts measured at fair value as of September 30, 2008 are as follows:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 196.5 | $ | 62.7 | $ | | $ | 259.2 | ||||
Marketable securities |
73.0 | 735.2 | | 808.2 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 269.5 | $ | 797.9 | $ | | $ | 1,067.4 | ||||
The Companys marketable securities portfolio consists of US government securities, asset-backed obligations and other corporate obligations. As of September 30, 2008, the Company had net unrealized losses of $12.4 million in its $1.1 billion cash and marketable securities balance portfolio, which management believes is not an other-than-temporary impairment as defined by FASB Staff Position FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. However, during the period, the Company did determine that certain corporate debt securities were other-than-temporarily impaired. As such, the Company recorded a $3.5 million loss in other net nonoperating expense during the period representing the difference between the estimated fair market value and the amortized cost of the securities.
10
Note 2. Fleet Transition and Restructuring
Alaska Transition to All-Boeing 737 Fleet
In March 2006, the Companys Board of Directors approved a plan to accelerate the retirement of its MD-80 fleet (15 owned and 11 leased aircraft at the time) and remove those aircraft from service by the end of 2008. At September 30, 2008, all of the Companys MD-80s had been removed from operations.
All but four of the MD-80 aircraft have been returned to the lessor. The four remaining MD-80 aircraft are under long-term lease arrangements. Two of the aircraft were retired during the second quarter and the remaining two were retired during the third quarter. All four have been placed in temporary storage at an aircraft storage facility. As a result, the Company recorded a $26.0 million charge in the second quarter and a $21.5 million charge in the third quarter reflecting the remaining discounted future lease payments and other contract-related costs.
Alaska Restructuring
In the third quarter of 2008, Alaska announced work force reductions among union and non-union employees. The non-union employees that were affected by the reduction were terminated in the third quarter, resulting in a $1.6 million severance charge. For union personnel, the Company offered extended leaves, a voluntary furlough program, and an early-out package with a lump-sum payment based on years of service that will include continuation of medical coverage and travel benefits for a specified period. In addition to the voluntary offers, there will be involuntary furloughs to achieve the planned reduction. Alaska recorded a $2.1 million charge in the third quarter of 2008 representing the minimum contractual obligation for this reduction in force. As the final number of early-out packages is known and other alternatives are selected, management expects to record an incremental charge in the fourth quarter.
Horizon Transition to All-Q400 Fleet
Horizon has an arrangement with another carrier to sublease 16 of its Bombardier Q200 aircraft. As of September 30, 2008, all of the 16 aircraft had been delivered to the other carrier with sublease terms that approximate Horizons lease terms. Each of these subleases resulted in a loss for Horizon representing the difference between the cumulative future lease payments and the expected sublease receipts that was recorded when the specific aircraft was removed from Horizons fleet. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the final five of the 16 Q200 aircraft under the sublease agreement were delivered to the third party carrier, resulting in an $8.7 million loss. During the first nine months of 2007, Horizon had delivered eight of the Q200s to the third party, resulting in a $10.6 million loss.
On April 23, 2007, Horizon announced an order for 15 additional Q400 aircraft, with options to purchase 20 more. These aircraft are currently scheduled for delivery in 2008 and 2009, with the possibility of some deferral into 2010 and 2011. This aircraft order has allowed Horizon to transition out of its Q200 and CRJ-700 fleets.
Horizon has removed all remaining Q200 aircraft from scheduled operations as of the end of October 2008, and has negotiated transactions for all but five that would allow for termination from the underlying lease contracts with minimal expected financial impact. Two and three of these Q200 aircraft were removed from service during the third quarter and the nine-month period, respectively, and the associated leases were terminated resulting in net charges of $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The Company may have losses on the phase-out of the remaining Q200s, depending on market conditions and the structure of the disposal transaction used. However, the nature, timing or amount of any potential loss or gain cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
11
On April 23, 2008, the Companys Board of Directors approved a plan to transition Horizon to an all-Q400 fleet and remove its CRJ-700 fleet from operations within two years, in addition to the Q200 transition described above. As a result of the decision, the Company determined that its two owned CRJ-700s were impaired and recorded an impairment charge on the aircraft and their related spare parts of $5.5 million in the second quarter of 2008 to reduce the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair value. Salvage values and estimated useful lives were also revised to correspond to the shorter period of expected use. The Company also recorded severance charges related to this fleet transition of $0.7 million and $1.3 million in the third quarter and nine-month period, respectively.
Horizon plans to remove all 18 leased CRJ-700 aircraft from operations well before the end of the contractual lease terms. The Company is currently evaluating various alternatives to dispose of these leased aircraft in the most economically feasible way. The nature, timing or amount of any potential gain or loss associated with these transactions cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
Note 3. Fuel Hedge Contracts
The Companys operations are inherently dependent upon the price and availability of aircraft fuel. To manage economic risk associated with fluctuations in aircraft fuel prices, the Company periodically enters into primarily call options for crude oil, among other initiatives.
The Company records derivative instruments, all of which are currently fuel hedge contracts, on the balance sheet at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of these fuel hedge contracts are recorded each period in aircraft fuel expense.
The following table summarizes the components of aircraft fuel expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30 |
Nine Months Ended September 30 |
||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Raw or into-plane fuel cost |
$ | 401.4 | $ | 264.7 | $ | 1,106.7 | $ | 692.1 | |||||||
(Gains) or losses in value and settlement of fuel hedge contracts |
174.2 | (21.6 | ) | (67.1 | ) | (36.3 | ) | ||||||||
Aircraft fuel expense |
$ | 575.6 | $ | 243.1 | $ | 1,039.6 | $ | 655.8 | |||||||
The Company realized gains of $44.0 million and $16.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, on fuel hedge contracts that settled during the period. Gains on the settled hedges were $129.2 million and $24.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The Company uses the market approach in determining the fair value of its hedge portfolio. The Companys fuel hedging contracts consist of over-the-counter contracts, which are not traded on an exchange. The fair value of these contracts is determined based on observable inputs that are readily available in active markets or can be derived from information available in active, quoted markets. Therefore, the Company has categorized these contracts as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy described in SFAS 157.
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Outstanding future fuel hedge positions as of September 30, 2008 are as follows:
Approximate % of Expected Fuel Requirements |
Gallons Hedged (in millions) |
Approximate Crude Oil Price per Barrel | ||||||
Fourth Quarter 2008 |
50 | % | 51.5 | $ | 77 | |||
Remainder of 2008 |
50 | % | 51.5 | $ | 77 | |||
First Quarter 2009 |
50 | % | 42.6 | $ | 108 | |||
Second Quarter 2009 |
50 | % | 44.8 | $ | 108 | |||
Third Quarter 2009 |
45 | % | 43.3 | $ | 106 | |||
Fourth Quarter 2009 |
30 | % | 26.4 | $ | 107 | |||
Full Year 2009 |
44 | % | 157.1 | $ | 107 | |||
First Quarter 2010 |
24 | % | 20.4 | $ | 114 | |||
Second Quarter 2010 |
19 | % | 17.2 | $ | 113 | |||
Third Quarter 2010 |
12 | % | 11.3 | $ | 120 | |||
Fourth Quarter 2010 |
12 | % | 10.3 | $ | 112 | |||
Full Year 2010 |
17 | % | 59.2 | $ | 114 | |||
First Quarter 2011 |
6 | % | 6.0 | $ | 113 | |||
Full Year 2011 |
1 | % | 6.0 | $ | 113 | |||
As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the fair values of the Companys fuel hedge positions were $98.7 million and $112.5 million, respectively, including capitalized premiums of $79.3 million and $30.9 million, respectively, and are presented as both current and non-current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Subsequent to September 30, 2008, the Company increased its positions for 2009 so that 50% of expected fuel consumption is hedged at approximately $83 per barrel.
Note 4. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt obligations were as follows (in millions):
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
Fixed-rate notes payable due through 2022 |
$ | 1,464.9 | $ | 783.9 | ||||
Variable-rate notes payable due through 2019 |
275.3 | 430.8 | ||||||
Pre-delivery payment facility expiring in 2009 |
127.4 | 85.8 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
1,867.6 | 1,300.5 | ||||||
Less current portion |
(254.5 | ) | (175.9 | ) | ||||
$ | 1,613.1 | $ | 1,124.6 | |||||
During the first nine months of 2008, Alaska borrowed $388.6 million using fixed-rate debt secured by flight equipment and another $187.9 million from its pre-delivery payment facility. Alaska made payments of $209.7 million, including $146.3 million on its pre-delivery payment facility. Additionally, Horizon financed 14 of its recently delivered Q400 aircraft using a fixed-rate debt arrangement with proceeds totaling $209.5 million and made scheduled debt payments of $9.2 million.
In September 2008, Alaska entered into an amendment to its existing $185 million line-of-credit facility. The amendment eliminated all previous financial covenants and replaced them with a requirement to maintain a minimum unrestricted cash and marketable securities balance of $500 million. There were no borrowings outstanding on this facility as of September 30, 2008. However, subsequent to the end of the third quarter, Alaska borrowed $75 million under the facility.
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Note 5. Common Stock Repurchase
In September 2007, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $100 million of its common stock. The Company completed the $100 million common stock repurchase program on February 29, 2008. Under that program, the Company repurchased 4,113,782 shares, or 10 percent of the outstanding stock at the start of the program, at an average price of $24.31 per share. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, the Company repurchased 1,520,500 shares for approximately $37.2 million.
In March 2008, the Company announced a new $50 million common stock repurchase program. Through September 30, 2008, the Company had repurchased 605,700 shares of its common stock for approximately $11.7 million under this new program. In April 2008, the Company temporarily ceased further repurchases under this program given the uncertainty in the economic environment. However, if circumstances warrant, the Company may from time to time consider repurchasing shares of its common stock under the existing share repurchase program.
Note 6. Employee Benefit Plans
Pension Plans - Qualified Defined Benefit
Net pension expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 included the following components (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 11.7 | $ | 13.3 | $ | 35.0 | $ | 39.9 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
15.7 | 15.0 | 47.0 | 45.0 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on assets |
(18.0 | ) | (16.3 | ) | (53.9 | ) | (48.9 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
1.1 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
Actuarial loss |
1.4 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 9.0 | ||||||||||||
Net pension expense |
$ | 11.9 | $ | 16.0 | $ | 35.6 | $ | 48.0 | ||||||||
The Company contributed $51.7 million to its qualified defined-benefit plans during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and does not expect to contribute any additional amounts during the remainder of 2008. The Company made $52.5 million in contributions to its qualified defined-benefit pension plans during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Pension Plans - Nonqualified Defined Benefit
Net pension expense for the unfunded, noncontributory defined-benefit plans was $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 and $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
Postretirement Medical Benefits
Net periodic benefit cost for the post-retirement medical plans for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $2.8 million and $2.9 million, respectively. The net periodic benefit cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $8.4 million and $8.7 million, respectively.
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Note 7. Other Assets
Other assets consisted of the following (in millions):
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||
Restricted deposits (primarily restricted investments) |
$ | 79.9 | $ | 90.4 | ||
Deferred costs and other* |
59.9 | 36.1 | ||||
$ | 139.8 | $ | 126.5 | |||
* | Deferred costs and other includes deferred financing costs, long-term prepaid rent, lease deposits and other items. |
Note 8. Mileage Plan
Alaskas Mileage Plan deferrals and liabilities are included under the following balance sheet captions (in millions):
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||
Current Liabilities: |
||||||
Other accrued liabilities |
$ | 284.7 | $ | 239.7 | ||
Other Liabilities and Credits (non-current): |
||||||
Deferred revenue |
380.8 | 387.8 | ||||
Other liabilities |
17.5 | 21.0 | ||||
$ | 683.0 | $ | 648.5 | |||
Alaskas Mileage Plan revenue is included under the following statement of operations captions for the three and nine months ended September 30 (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Passenger revenues |
$ | 39.8 | $ | 35.0 | $ | 100.6 | $ | 95.6 | ||||
Other - net revenues |
25.5 | 27.0 | 76.6 | 80.5 | ||||||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms |
42.3 | | 42.3 | | ||||||||
$ | 107.6 | $ | 62.0 | $ | 219.5 | $ | 176.1 | |||||
During the third quarter of 2008, the Company changed the terms of its Mileage Plan program regarding the expiration of award miles. Beginning in the third quarter, Mileage Plan accounts with no activity for two years are deleted. Under the previous policy, accounts with no activity for three years were deleted. As a result of the deletion of a number of accounts, the Company reduced its liability for future travel awards by $42.3 million, which has been recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Change in Mileage Plan terms.
Note 9. Stock-Based Compensation Plans
The Company accounts for stock-based awards using SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment: An Amendment of SFAS Nos. 123 and 95. All stock-based compensation expense is recorded in wages and benefits in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. See Note 11 for a discussion of an error in prior periods related to stock-based compensation and its impact on the Companys operations and financial position.
The Company has stock awards outstanding under a number of long-term incentive equity plans, one of which continues to provide for the grant of stock awards to directors, officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Compensation expense is recorded over the shorter of the vesting period or the period between the grant date and the date employee becomes retirement-eligible as defined in the applicable plan.
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Stock Options
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company granted 388,111 options with a weighted-average fair value of $11.13 per share. During the same period in the prior year, the Company granted 188,235 options with a weighted-average fair value of $19.66 per share.
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to stock options of $0.7 million ($0.4 million after tax) and $1.0 million ($0.6 million after tax) for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company recorded compensation expense of $4.0 million ($2.5 million after tax) and $3.8 million ($2.4 million after tax) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of September 30, 2008, $4.9 million of compensation cost associated with unvested stock option awards attributable to future service had not yet been recognized. This amount will be recognized as expense over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
As of September 30, 2008, options to purchase 2,692,820 shares of common stock were outstanding with a weighted-average exercise price of $30.39. Of that total, 1,982,338 were exercisable at a weighted-average exercise price of $30.21.
Restricted Stock Awards
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company awarded 312,307 restricted stock units (RSUs) to certain employees, with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $22.17. This amount reflects the value of the RSU awards at the grant date based on the closing price of the Companys common stock. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs of $1.8 million ($1.1 million after tax) and $1.3 million ($0.8 million after tax) for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $5.5 million ($3.4 million after tax) and $4.3 million ($2.7 million after tax) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
As of September 30, 2008, $5.5 million of compensation cost associated with unvested restricted stock awards attributable to future service had not yet been recognized. This amount will be recognized as expense over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.
Performance Stock Awards
During the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, the Company awarded Performance Share Unit awards (PSUs) to certain executives. These award types are similar to restricted stock units (RSUs), but vesting is based on a performance condition tied to the Company achieving a specified pretax margin over a three-year period. The amount credited to compensation expense was $0.4 million ($0.3 million after tax) during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The Company recorded compensation expense associated with the PSUs of $0.5 million ($0.3 million after tax) during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
Deferred Stock Awards
In the second quarter of 2008, the Company awarded 13,976 Deferred Stock Unit awards (DSUs) to members of its Board of Directors as a portion of their retainers. The underlying common shares are issued upon retirement from the Board, but require no future service period. As a result, the entire intrinsic value of the awards on the date of grant was expensed in the second quarter of 2008. The total amount of compensation expense recorded was $0.3 million ($0.2 million after tax).
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Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Compensation expense recognized under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan was $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $1.4 million and $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Summary of Stock-Based Compensation
The table below summarizes the components of total stock-based compensation for the three and nine months ended September 30 (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Stock options |
$ | 0.7 | $ | 1.0 | $ | 4.0 | $ | 3.8 | |||||
Restricted stock units |
1.8 | 1.3 | 5.5 | 4.3 | |||||||||
Performance share units |
| 0.2 | (0.4 | ) | 0.5 | ||||||||
Deferred stock units |
| | 0.3 | | |||||||||
Employee stock purchase plan |
0.3 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 1.0 | |||||||||
$ | 2.8 | $ | 3.1 | $ | 10.8 | $ | 9.6 | ||||||
Note 10. Operating Segment Information
Operating segment information for Alaska and Horizon for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30 was as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Operating revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Alaska mainline (1) |
$ | 856.2 | $ | 786.5 | $ | 2,261.8 | $ | 2,113.1 | ||||||||
Alaska purchased capacity (1) |
85.7 | 81.2 | 233.9 | 209.5 | ||||||||||||
Total Alaska |
941.9 | 867.7 | 2,495.7 | 2,322.6 | ||||||||||||
Horizon |
204.1 | 196.9 | 570.2 | 536.5 | ||||||||||||
Other (2) |
0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Elimination of intercompany revenues |
(81.1 | ) | (76.1 | ) | (231.2 | ) | (207.3 | ) | ||||||||
Consolidated |
$ | 1,065.2 | $ | 988.8 | $ | 2,835.5 | $ | 2,652.6 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income tax: |
||||||||||||||||
Alaska mainline |
$ | (107.5 | ) | $ | 126.8 | $ | (47.0 | ) | $ | 212.4 | ||||||
Alaska purchased capacity |
0.1 | 0.6 | (12.9 | ) | (12.6 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Alaska |
(107.4 | ) | 127.4 | (59.9 | ) | 199.8 | ||||||||||
Horizon |
(25.1 | ) | 8.3 | (30.1 | ) | (5.9 | ) | |||||||||
Other (2) |
(0.5 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (3.0 | ) | ||||||||
Consolidated |
$ | (133.0 | ) | $ | 134.8 | $ | (93.2 | ) | $ | 190.9 | ||||||
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September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
Total assets at end of period: |
||||||||
Alaska |
$ | 4,659.3 | $ | 4,221.0 | ||||
Horizon |
711.2 | 629.0 | ||||||
Other (2) |
1,074.8 | 1,130.3 | ||||||
Elimination of intercompany accounts |
(1,379.4 | ) | (1,489.5 | ) | ||||
Consolidated |
$ | 5,065.9 | $ | 4,490.9 | ||||
(1) | Alaska mainline revenue represents revenue from passengers aboard Alaska jets, freight and mail revenue, and all other revenue. Purchased capacity revenue represents that revenue earned by Alaska on capacity provided by Horizon and a small third-party carrier under a capacity purchase arrangement. |
(2) | Includes the parent company, Alaska Air Group, Inc., including its investments in Alaska and Horizon, which are eliminated in consolidation. |
Note 11. Adjustment to Prior-Period Results
Previously reported results have been adjusted for two errors as described below.
Mileage Plan Adjustment
In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company discovered an error in the calculation of deferred Mileage Plan revenue that existed as of September 30, 2007. The error resulted in a $6.3 million overstatement of passenger revenue in the third quarter of 2007 ($4.0 million, net of tax, or $0.10 per diluted share). The Company concluded that this item was not material, and in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (SAB 108), the Company adjusted the 2007 third quarter and nine-month period financial information accordingly. There was no impact to cash flows or financial position as of December 31, 2007.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense Adjustment
In the third quarter of 2008, the Company discovered an error in its calculation of stock-based compensation expense under SFAS No. 123R for certain awards granted after January 1, 2006. The error related to the time period over which compensation expense was recorded. The Company had been recording compensation expense over the vesting period, which was deemed to be the service period. However, many employees that receive award grants are eligible for retirement or will be eligible for retirement prior to the end of the vesting period. The award plans allow for continued vesting subsequent to retirement. As such the related compensation expense should be recorded over the shorter of the vesting period or the period from the date of grant to the date the employee is eligible for retirement. The error resulted in a $2.3 million understatement of wages and benefits expense in the first quarter of 2008, a $1.1 million understatement of expense in the first quarter of 2007 and a $2.9 million understatement of expense in 2006. The Company has concluded that this item is not material, and in accordance with SAB 108, the Company has adjusted the three and nine-month period ended September 30, 2007 and the nine-months ended September 30, 2008 accordingly. There was no impact to cash flows. See the tables below for further details.
Additionally, the Company will adjust its previously filed financial statements for the impact on the 2006, 2007 and first quarter 2008 information when it is presented in future Exchange Act reports, including the unaudited Selected Quarterly Consolidated Financial Information in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Reconciliation Between Amounts Previously Reported and Corrected Amounts
The impact of each of the corrections on financial statement line items is presented below (in millions):
Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||
As Originally Reported |
Mileage Plan Adjustment |
As Corrected | ||||||||
Passenger Revenue |
$ | 926.5 | $ | (6.3 | ) | $ | 920.2 | |||
Total Operating Revenues |
995.1 | (6.3 | ) | 988.8 | ||||||
Operating Income |
143.3 | (6.3 | ) | 137.0 | ||||||
Income Before Income Taxes |
141.1 | (6.3 | ) | 134.8 | ||||||
Net Income |
$ | 85.8 | $ | (4.0 | ) | $ | 81.8 | |||
Basic Earnings Per Share |
$ | 2.12 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | 2.02 | |||
Diluted Earnings Per Share |
$ | 2.11 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | 2.01 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||
As Originally Reported |
Mileage Plan Adjustment |
Stock-based Compensation Adjustment |
As Corrected | |||||||||||
Passenger Revenue |
$ | 2,458.5 | $ | (6.3 | ) | $ | | $ | 2,452.2 | |||||
Total Operating Revenues |
2,658.9 | (6.3 | ) | | 2,652.6 | |||||||||
Wages and benefits |
714.7 | | 1.1 | 715.8 | ||||||||||
Total Operating Expenses |
2,456.0 | | 1.1 | 2,457.1 | ||||||||||
Operating Income |
202.9 | (6.3 | ) | (1.1 | ) | 195.5 | ||||||||
Income Before Income Taxes |
198.3 | (6.3 | ) | (1.1 | ) | 190.9 | ||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 121.6 | $ | (4.0 | ) | (0.7 | ) | $ | 116.9 | |||||
Basic Earnings Per Share |
$ | 3.01 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | 2.89 | ||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share |
$ | 2.97 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 2.86 |
Consolidated Balance Sheet:
As of December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||
As Originally Reported |
Stock-based Compensation Adjustment |
As Corrected | ||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
$ | 132.6 | $ | (1.4 | ) | $ | 131.2 | |||
Total Other Liabilities and Credits |
968.6 | (1.4 | ) | 967.2 | ||||||
Capital in excess of par value |
895.1 | 4.0 | 899.1 | |||||||
Retained earnings |
331.9 | (2.6 | ) | 329.3 |
Note 12. Contingencies
Grievance with International Association of Machinists
In June 2005, the International Association of Machinists (IAM) filed a grievance under its Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) with Alaska alleging that Alaska violated the CBA by, among other things, subcontracting the ramp service operation in Seattle. The dispute was referred to an arbitrator and hearings on the grievance commenced in January 2007, with a final hearing date in August 2007. In July 2008, the arbitrator issued a final decision in the matter. In that decision, the arbitrator found that Alaska had violated the CBA and instructed
19
Alaska and the IAM to negotiate a remedy. The parties have met, but the matter has not yet been resolved. Management currently does not believe that any final remedy will materially impact our financial position or results of operations.
Other items
The Company is a party to routine litigation matters incidental to its business and with respect to which no material liability is expected.
Management believes the ultimate disposition of the matters discussed above is not likely to materially affect the Companys financial position or results of operations. This statement is based on managements current understanding of the relevant law and facts, and it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of judges and juries.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
OVERVIEW
The following Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) is intended to help the reader understand the Company, our operations and our present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. All statements in the following discussion that are not statements of historical information or descriptions of current accounting policy are forward-looking statements. Please consider our forward-looking statements in light of the risks referred to in this reports introductory cautionary note and the risks mentioned in the Companys filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those listed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. This overview summarizes MD&A, which includes the following sections:
| Third Quarter in Review and Current Events highlights from the third quarter of 2008 outlining some of the major events that happened during the period and how they affected our financial performance. |
| Results of Operations an in-depth analysis of the results of operations of Alaska and Horizon for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. We believe this analysis will help the reader better understand our condensed consolidated statements of operations. This section also contains forward-looking statements regarding our view of the remainder of 2008. |
| Liquidity and Capital Resources an analysis of cash flows, sources and uses of cash, contractual obligations, commitments and off-balance-sheet arrangements, an overview of financial position and the impact of inflation and changing prices. |
Air Groups filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports are accessible free of charge at www.alaskaair.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
THIRD QUARTER IN REVIEW
We reported a consolidated net loss of $86.5 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to net income of $81.8 million in the third quarter of 2007. The largest driver of the decline in results was fuel expense. Our fuel expense increased by $332.5 million over the third quarter of 2007, primarily attributable to the $218.2 million mark-to-market loss recorded in the third quarter of 2008 that resulted from the decline in the value of our fuel hedge portfolio because of rapidly falling oil prices. Even with the benefit of $44.0 million of net cash settlements from our fuel hedge program during the quarter, our economic fuel cost (as defined on page 30) increased $109.5 million, or 44.2%, on a 6.5% decline in fuel gallons consumed. This increase in economic fuel far exceeded the increase in total operating revenues. We also had the following notable items during the third quarter of 2008:
| Revenue of $42.3 million associated with the change in Mileage Plan terms to delete accounts that have had no activity for two or more years. Previously, accounts could remain inactive for three years prior to deletion. |
| Fleet transition costs of $22.9 million compared to $3.9 million in the third quarter of 2007. |
| Severance charges of $3.7 million associated with reductions in work force at Alaska. |
21
Alaska Fleet Transition
Our fleet transition at Alaska is complete as our remaining MD-80 aircraft were removed from operating service in August 2008.
We have four MD-80 aircraft under long-term lease arrangements that were retired prior to the end of their lease terms. Two of these aircraft were removed from service during the third quarter and placed in temporary storage at an aircraft storage facility. As a result, we recorded a $21.5 million charge during the third quarter associated with these aircraft representing the remaining obligation under the existing lease contracts.
Horizon Fleet Transition
On April 23, 2007, we announced an order for 15 additional Q400 aircraft, with options for 20 more. These aircraft are currently scheduled for delivery in 2008 and 2009, with the possibility of some deferral into 2010 and 2011. We have removed all remaining Q200 aircraft from scheduled operations as of the end of October 2008, and we have negotiated transactions for all but five that would allow for our termination from the underlying lease contracts with minimal expected financial impact to us. Two of these Q200 aircraft were removed from service during the third quarter and the associated lease was terminated, resulting in a net $0.7 million charge to Horizon. We may record losses as we phase out the remaining Q200s, depending on market conditions at the time and the structure of the disposal transactions used. The nature, timing or amount of any potential loss or gain cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. However, we do expect to record any remaining impact from these transactions in the fourth quarter of 2008 as Q200s are removed from the fleet.
On April 23, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a plan to transition Horizon to an all-Q400 fleet and remove its CRJ-700 fleet from operations within two years, in addition to the Q200 transition described above. During the third quarter, we recorded a $0.7 million severance charge for Horizon pilots that were related to this fleet transition.
As noted above, Horizon plans to remove all 18 leased CRJ-700 aircraft from operations by the end of 2009, which is well before the end of the contractual lease terms. We are currently evaluating various alternatives to dispose of these leased aircraft in the most economically feasible way. The nature, timing or amount of any potential gain or loss associated with these transactions cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
Fees and Mileage Plan Changes
Like many of our competitors, we have increased existing fees or implemented new fees in an effort to increase our revenues. Examples include:
| increasing the charge for booking through reservations and airport sales agents from $10 to $15, |
| raising the fee for overweight baggage from $25 to $50, |
| increasing the charge for transporting pets in the cabin from $75 to $100 one-way, and |
| raising the unaccompanied minor fee from $30 to $75 for one-way nonstop flights and from $60 to $75 for connecting flights. |
The increases above were effective May 21, 2008. We also began charging $25 for a second checked bag effective July 1, 2008. First class and top-tier Mileage Plan members and customers on flights within the state of Alaska are exempt from the new fee.
22
On July 24, 2008 we announced a $25 fee for booking Mileage Plan award travel on partner airlines. We also announced that our domestic round-trip Coach Saver award will increase to 25,000 miles from 20,000 miles and we have expanded our 15,000-mile Intra-Alaska award levels in coach to an Intra-State award. This award offers travel wholly within one individual state for 15,000 award miles. Other changes include an increase in the award miles needed for Peak awards and the introduction of a three-tier award level structure. All of these changes are effective for awards redeemed on or after November 19, 2008.
Additionally, beginning in August 2008, we reduced the length of time that a Mileage Plan account could be inactive from three years to two years before the account is deleted. As a result of this change in terms, our Mileage Plan liability was reduced by $42.3 million. This benefit is recorded separately in operating revenues as Change in Mileage Plan terms.
Operational Performance
Our core promise to our customers is to get them and their bags to their destinations, safely and on time. Operational performance is one of our top initiatives in 2008 and we believe we have made a lot of progress thus far in 2008. In each month of the nine-month period ended September 30, 2008, Alaska exceeded its prior-year performance in on-time arrivals and in schedule completion rates for eight of the nine months. Similarly, Horizon has exceeded its prior-year performance in both on-time performance and schedule completion rates on a year-to-date basis for the first nine months of 2008 compared to 2007. As a result of the current-year performance, our employees are receiving higher payouts under our operational performance rewards program.
Update on Labor Negotiations
Alaska is currently in negotiations with its pilots and has been since early 2007. The contract with Alaskas pilots became amendable on May 1, 2007. The Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA) at Alaska has requested mediation from the National Mediation Board (NMB) in order to assist with contract negotiations. We have begun meeting with the NMB and hope to reach a negotiated contract that recognizes the important contributions that our pilots make while not harming our competitive position. Factoring in pay rates, productivity measures, pension, and post-retirement medical benefits, we believe our pilot unit costs are among the highest in the industry for the size of aircraft operated.
Horizon currently has three contracts currently in negotiations with the following work groups pilots, flight attendants and dispatchers. Additionally, the contract with Horizons technicians becomes amendable on November 30, 2008.
We do not know what the final outcome of these negotiations will be or when agreements will be reached. However, uncertainty around open contracts could be a distraction to some employees, reduce employee engagement in our business, and prevent us from achieving the operational goals (such as on-time and completion-rate targets) that we have set.
Outlook
In response to the current economic environment, we are reducing planned capacity at both Alaska and Horizon for the fourth quarter and in 2009. Although fuel prices have declined significantly since their record high , the global financial instability has put downward pressure on demand for air travel and results in a great deal of uncertainty as we look into the fourth quarter and into 2009.
23
Oil prices have declined from a record $147 per barrel in July to approximately $70 per barrel recently. That translates to a significant reduction in fuel cost for Air Group, although prices are still above historical levels. In July 2008, our average price of jet fuel per gallon was $4.19 and is currently around $2.20 per gallon. Oil prices continue to be volatile, however, and prices could rise again. We continue to execute our hedging strategy to help remove some of the impact of that volatility on our financial results.
At Alaska and Horizon, passenger unit revenues in the month of September were up 11.9% and 26.9%, respectively, over September 2007. This was the result of a number of actions, including 5% and 17% capacity reductions at Alaska and Horizon, respectively, increases in the average fares and increases in ancillary revenue. However, we do not believe these significant increases in unit revenues are sustainable or will continue due to the uncertainty of the full impact of the economic conditions on the demand for air travel. Load factors in October for mainline Alaska and Horizon were 73.6% and 71.1%, respectively. This represented an increase for mainline Alaska of two points and a 0.9-point decline for Horizon compared to October 2007. Our current advance booked load factors indicate a slight increase in October, a 2.5-point decline in November, and a 4.5-point increase in December when compared to the same months in 2007.
We currently expect Alaska mainline capacity to be relatively flat and Horizon total system capacity to decline by 9% for the full year 2008 compared to 2007. Although capacity is expected to be flat at Alaska, total departures for the full year at Alaska are expected to decline by approximately 7% compared to 2007. We also anticipate 8% to 10% capacity reductions at Alaska and 9% reductions at Horizon in 2009 compared with the full year 2008. We believe the actions we are taking continue to be necessary for our future success.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
COMPARISON OF THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 TO THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
Our consolidated net loss for the third quarter of 2008 was $86.5 million, or $2.40 per share, compared to net income of $81.8 million, or $2.01 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2007. Both periods include adjustments to reflect the timing of gain or loss recognition resulting from mark-to-market fuel hedge accounting. In the third quarter of 2008, we recorded mark-to-market losses of $218.2 million ($136.7 million after tax, or $3.79 per diluted share) due to the loss in value of our fuel hedge contracts since June 30, 2008, compared to gains of $4.8 million ($3.0 million after tax, or $0.08 per share) in the same period of 2007. The third quarter of 2008 also included the following:
| restructuring charges of $3.7 million ($2.3 million after tax, or $0.06 per share) related to the reduction in work force at Alaska; |
| fleet transition charges of $22.2 million ($13.9 million after tax, or $0.38 per share) related to the ongoing transitions out of the MD-80 and CRJ-700 fleets; and |
| a $42.3 million benefit ($26.5 million after tax, or $0.73 per share) related to a change in the terms of our Mileage Plan program. |
We believe disclosure of the impact of these individual charges is useful information to investors and other readers because:
| it is useful to monitor performance without these items as it improves a readers ability to compare our results to those of other airlines; |
24
| our results excluding these adjustments related to fuel hedge accounting and other items is the basis for our various employee incentive plans, thus the information allows investors to better understand the changes in variable incentive pay expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations; |
| our results excluding these items is most often used in internal management and board reporting and decision-making; and |
| we believe it is the basis by which we are evaluated by industry analysts. |
Our consolidated results are primarily driven by the results of our two operating carriers. Alaska reported a third quarter pretax loss of $107.4 million while Horizon reported a pretax loss of $25.1 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, financial and statistical data for Alaska and Horizon are shown on pages 26 and 27, respectively. An in-depth discussion of the results of Alaska and Horizon begins on page 28.
25
Alaska Airlines Financial and Statistical Data (unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Financial Data (in millions): | 2008 | 2007 | % Change |
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
||||||||||||||||
Operating Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger |
$ | 751.2 | $ | 725.2 | 3.6 | $ | 2,041.2 | $ | 1,934.4 | 5.5 | ||||||||||||
Freight and mail |
29.2 | 25.9 | 12.7 | 77.1 | 72.9 | 5.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Other - net |
33.5 | 35.4 | (5.4 | ) | 101.2 | 105.8 | (4.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms |
42.3 | | NM | 42.3 | | NM | ||||||||||||||||
Total mainline operating revenues |
856.2 | 786.5 | 8.9 | 2,261.8 | 2,113.1 | 7.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Passenger - purchased capacity |
85.7 | 81.2 | 5.5 | 233.9 | 209.5 | 11.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Operating Revenues |
941.9 | 867.7 | 8.6 | 2,495.7 | 2,322.6 | 7.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Wages and benefits |
182.5 | 189.0 | (3.4 | ) | 558.9 | 562.9 | (0.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Variable incentive pay |
4.9 | 1.4 | 250.0 | 10.8 | 11.2 | (3.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses |
479.1 | 204.3 | 134.5 | 864.0 | 555.3 | 55.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance |
32.6 | 39.0 | (16.4 | ) | 112.1 | 107.8 | 4.0 | |||||||||||||||
Aircraft rent |
26.3 | 29.1 | (9.6 | ) | 82.4 | 83.3 | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Landing fees and other rentals |
42.3 | 43.3 | (2.3 | ) | 126.9 | 127.3 | (0.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Contracted services |
31.9 | 31.6 | 0.9 | 100.5 | 91.2 | 10.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
33.1 | 34.3 | (3.5 | ) | 95.6 | 99.3 | (3.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
42.8 | 35.1 | 21.9 | 123.2 | 106.1 | 16.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage service |
12.8 | 12.2 | 4.9 | 37.1 | 34.8 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Other |
41.0 | 42.0 | (2.4 | ) | 130.2 | 125.0 | 4.2 | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
3.7 | | NM | 3.7 | | NM | ||||||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - MD-80 |
21.5 | | NM | 47.5 | | NM | ||||||||||||||||
Total mainline operating expenses |
954.5 | 661.3 | 44.3 | 2,292.9 | 1,904.2 | 20.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Purchased capacity costs |
85.6 | 80.6 | 6.2 | 246.8 | 222.1 | 11.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Operating Expenses |
1,040.1 | 741.9 | 40.2 | 2,539.7 | 2,126.3 | 19.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating Income (Loss) |
(98.2 | ) | 125.8 | (44.0 | ) | 196.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
12.8 | 17.2 | 38.2 | 49.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(23.5 | ) | (22.4 | ) | (67.5 | ) | (64.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest capitalized |
4.8 | 6.8 | 16.1 | 19.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other - net |
(3.3 | ) | | (2.7 | ) | (0.4 | ) | |||||||||||||||
(9.2 | ) | 1.6 | (15.9 | ) | 3.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Income Tax |
$ | (107.4 | ) | $ | 127.4 | $ | (59.9 | ) | $ | 199.8 | ||||||||||||
Mainline Operating Statistics: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue passengers (000) |
4,532 | 4,878 | (7.1 | ) | 13,037 | 13,367 | (2.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||
RPMs (000,000) traffic |
5,012 | 5,067 | (1.1 | ) | 14,410 | 13,953 | 3.3 | |||||||||||||||
ASMs (000,000) capacity |
6,306 | 6,354 | (0.8 | ) | 18,628 | 18,188 | 2.4 | |||||||||||||||
Passenger load factor |
79.5 | % | 79.7 | % | (0.2)pts | 77.4 | % | 76.7 | % | 0.7pts | ||||||||||||
Yield per passenger mile |
14.99 | ¢ | 14.31 | ¢ | 4.8 | 14.17 | ¢ | 13.86 | ¢ | 2.2 | ||||||||||||
Operating revenue per ASM (RASM) |
13.58 | ¢ | 12.38 | ¢ | 9.7 | 12.14 | ¢ | 11.62 | ¢ | 4.5 | ||||||||||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms per ASM |
0.67 | ¢ | | NM | 0.23 | ¢ | | NM | ||||||||||||||
Passenger revenue per ASM |
11.91 | ¢ | 11.41 | ¢ | 4.4 | 10.96 | ¢ | 10.64 | ¢ | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses per ASM |
15.14 | ¢ | 10.41 | ¢ | 45.4 | 12.31 | ¢ | 10.47 | ¢ | 17.6 | ||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per ASM |
7.60 | ¢ | 3.22 | ¢ | 136.0 | 4.64 | ¢ | 3.05 | ¢ | 52.1 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges per ASM |
0.06 | ¢ | | NM | 0.02 | ¢ | | NM | ||||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.34 | ¢ | | NM | 0.25 | ¢ | | NM | ||||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 5.57 | $ | 2.20 | 153.2 | $ | 3.34 | $ | 2.08 | 60.6 | ||||||||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.47 | $ | 2.24 | 54.9 | $ | 3.14 | $ | 2.11 | 48.8 | ||||||||||||
Fuel gallons (000,000) |
86.0 | 93.2 | (7.7 | ) | 258.3 | 267.1 | (3.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Average number of full-time equivalent employees |
9,594 | 9,753 | (1.6 | ) | 9,785 | 9,681 | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||
Aircraft utilization (blk hrs/day) |
10.8 | 11.2 | (3.6 | ) | 10.8 | 11.0 | (1.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Average aircraft stage length (miles) |
981 | 925 | 6.1 | 975 | 920 | 6.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating fleet at period-end |
110 | 114 | (4 a/c | ) | 110 | 114 | (4 a/c | ) | ||||||||||||||
Regional Operating Statistics: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
RPMs (000,000) |
304 | 319 | (4.7 | ) | 873 | 812 | 7.5 | |||||||||||||||
ASMs (000,000) |
391 | 399 | (2.0 | ) | 1,153 | 1,067 | 8.1 | |||||||||||||||
Passenger load factor |
77.7 | % | 79.9 | % | (2.2)pts | 75.7 | % | 76.1 | % | (0.4)pts | ||||||||||||
Yield per passenger mile |
28.19 | ¢ | 25.45 | ¢ | 10.7 | 26.79 | ¢ | 25.80 | ¢ | 3.8 | ||||||||||||
Operating revenue per ASM |
21.92 | ¢ | 20.35 | ¢ | 7.7 | 20.29 | ¢ | 19.63 | ¢ | 3.3 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses per ASM |
21.89 | ¢ | 20.20 | ¢ | 8.4 | 21.41 | ¢ | 20.82 | ¢ | 2.8 |
NM = Not Meaningful
26
Horizon Air Financial and Statistical Data (unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Financial Data (in millions): | 2008 | 2007 | % Change |
2008 | 2007 | % Change |
||||||||||||||||
Operating Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger - brand flying |
$ | 120.3 | $ | 108.4 | 11.0 | $ | 330.7 | $ | 292.1 | 13.2 | ||||||||||||
Passenger - capacity purchase arrangements (a) |
81.1 | 86.1 | (5.8 | ) | 231.2 | 237.5 | (2.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total passenger revenue |
$ | 201.4 | $ | 194.5 | 3.5 | $ | 561.9 | $ | 529.6 | 6.1 | ||||||||||||
Freight and mail |
0.8 | 0.7 | 14.3 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 16.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Other - net |
1.9 | 1.7 | 11.8 | 6.2 | 5.1 | 21.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Operating Revenues |
204.1 | 196.9 | 3.7 | 570.2 | 536.5 | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Wages and benefits |
47.9 | 51.0 | (6.1 | ) | 147.2 | 150.2 | (2.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Variable incentive pay |
1.4 | 1.5 | (6.7 | ) | 4.2 | 6.0 | (30.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel, including hedging gains and losses |
96.5 | 38.8 | 148.7 | 175.6 | 100.5 | 74.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance |
14.8 | 20.2 | (26.7 | ) | 47.5 | 68.9 | (31.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Aircraft rent |
13.9 | 16.1 | (13.7 | ) | 43.7 | 49.9 | (12.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Landing fees and other rentals |
14.7 | 15.1 | (2.6 | ) | 43.6 | 42.8 | 1.9 | |||||||||||||||
Contracted services |
7.1 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 22.0 | 19.9 | 10.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
8.6 | 8.4 | 2.4 | 24.7 | 23.5 | 5.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
9.0 | 11.2 | (19.6 | ) | 28.8 | 25.3 | 13.8 | |||||||||||||||
Food and beverage service |
0.7 | 0.7 | | 2.1 | 2.1 | | ||||||||||||||||
Other |
9.7 | 11.2 | (13.4 | ) | 33.7 | 35.7 | (5.6 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - CRJ-700 |
0.7 | | NM | 6.8 | | NM | ||||||||||||||||
Fleet transition costs - Q200 |
0.7 | 3.9 | NM | 9.7 | 10.6 | NM | ||||||||||||||||
Total Operating Expenses |
225.7 | 185.2 | 21.9 | 589.6 | 535.4 | 10.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating Income (Loss) |
(21.6 | ) | 11.7 | NM | (19.4 | ) | 1.1 | NM | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
1.1 | 1.1 | 3.8 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(5.5 | ) | (4.8 | ) | (16.9 | ) | (12.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest capitalized |
1.0 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other - net |
(0.1 | ) | | 0.1 | (0.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
(3.5 | ) | (3.4 | ) | (10.7 | ) | (7.0 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income (Loss) Before Income Tax |
$ | (25.1 | ) | $ | 8.3 | NM | $ | (30.1 | ) | $ | (5.9 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Combined Operating Statistics: (a) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue passengers (000) |
1,989 | 2,104 | (5.5 | ) | 5,754 | 5,622 | 2.3 | |||||||||||||||
RPMs (000,000) traffic |
721 | 837 | (13.9 | ) | 2,074 | 2,195 | (5.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||
ASMs (000,000) capacity |
945 | 1,084 | (12.8 | ) | 2,831 | 2,982 | (5.1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Passenger load factor |
76.3 | % | 77.2 | % | (0.9)pts | 73.3 | % | 73.6 | % | (0.3)pts | ||||||||||||
Yield per passenger mile |
27.93 | ¢ | 23.24 | ¢ | 20.2 | 27.09 | ¢ | 24.13 | ¢ | 12.3 | ||||||||||||
Operating revenue per ASM (RASM) |
21.60 | ¢ | 18.16 | ¢ | 18.9 | 20.14 | ¢ | 17.99 | ¢ | 12.0 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses per ASM |
23.88 | ¢ | 17.08 | ¢ | 39.8 | 20.83 | ¢ | 17.95 | ¢ | 16.0 | ||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per ASM |
10.20 | ¢ | 3.57 | ¢ | 185.7 | 6.21 | ¢ | 3.37 | ¢ | 84.3 | ||||||||||||
CRJ-700 fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.07 | ¢ | | NM | 0.24 | ¢ | | NM | ||||||||||||||
Q200 fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.07 | ¢ | 0.36 | ¢ | NM | 0.34 | ¢ | 0.36 | ¢ | NM | ||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 5.61 | $ | 2.26 | 148.2 | $ | 3.37 | $ | 2.13 | 58.2 | ||||||||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.45 | $ | 2.30 | 50.0 | $ | 3.18 | $ | 2.18 | 45.9 | ||||||||||||
Fuel gallons (000,000) |
17.2 | 17.2 | | 52.1 | 47.2 | 10.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Average number of full-time equivalent employees |
3,687 | 3,963 | (7.0 | ) | 3,777 | 3,882 | (2.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Aircraft utilization (blk hrs/day) |
8.5 | 8.8 | (3.4 | ) | 8.4 | 8.7 | (3.4 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Average aircraft stage length (miles) |
362 | 398 | (9.0 | ) | 360 | 391 | (7.9 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Operating fleet at period-end |
63 | 74 | (11 a/c | ) | 63 | 74 | (11 a/c | ) |
NM = Not Meaningful
(a) | Represents combined information for Horizon flights operated under Capacity Purchase Agreements (CPAs) with Alaska and as Frontier Jet Express (through November 2007). See pages 34 and 42 for additional line of business information. |
27
ALASKA AIRLINES
Alaska reported a pretax loss of $107.4 million during the third quarter of 2008 compared to pretax income of $127.4 million in the same period of 2007. The $234.8 million decline is primarily a result of the $274.8 million increase in aircraft fuel expense compared to the prior period, which is further discussed below.
ALASKA REVENUES
Total operating revenues increased $74.2 million, or 8.6%, during the third quarter of 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The majority of the increase was due to the $42.3 million benefit recorded as a result of the change in certain Mileage Plan terms. The components of Alaskas revenue are summarized in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||
(in millions) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Passenger Revenue - mainline |
$ | 751.2 | $ | 725.2 | 3.6 | ||||
Freight and mail |
29.2 | 25.9 | 12.7 | ||||||
Other - net |
33.5 | 35.4 | (5.4 | ) | |||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms |
42.3 | | NM | ||||||
Total Mainline Revenues |
$ | 856.2 | $ | 786.5 | 8.9 | ||||
Passenger Revenue - purchased capacity |
85.7 | 81.2 | 5.5 | ||||||
Total Operating Revenues |
$ | 941.9 | $ | 867.7 | 8.6 | ||||
Passenger Revenue - Mainline
Mainline passenger revenue increased 3.6% on a 4.4% increase in mainline passenger revenue per available seat mile (PRASM), offset by a 0.8% decrease in available seat miles. The increase in PRASM was the result of a 4.8% increase in yields on relatively flat load factor compared to the prior period. PRASM increased 1.0%, 1.9% and 11.9% for July, August and September, respectively, compared to the same months in 2007. The double-digit increase in September came on a 5% reduction in capacity compared to September 2007. Our advance bookings currently suggest that load factors will be up slightly in the fourth quarter of 2008 compared to the same period in 2007.
Freight and Mail
Freight and mail revenues increased $3.3 million, or 12.7%, over the third quarter of 2007. The increase is due to higher yields for freight and mail, freight fuel surcharges, and increased mail volumes, offset by a decline in freight volumes compared to the prior year.
Change in Mileage Plan Terms
Beginning in August 2008, we reduced the length of time that a Mileage Plan account could be inactive from three years to two years before the account is deleted. As a result of this change in terms, our Mileage Plan liability was reduced by $42.3 million.
Passenger Revenue Purchased Capacity
Passenger revenue purchased capacity increased by $4.5 million, or 5.5%, because of a 7.7% increase in unit revenues, offset by a 2.0% decline in purchased capacity compared to the prior year. Unit revenues increased as a result of a 10.7% increase in ticket yields in the purchased capacity markets offset by the 2.2-point decline in load factor.
28
During the third quarter of 2008, purchased capacity passenger revenue exceeded associated costs by $0.1 million, compared to $0.6 million in the third quarter of 2007. Revenues in these markets are highly seasonal in nature. For example, purchased capacity operating margins by quarter were as follows:
(in millions) |
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||||||||
Purchased capacity margin (2007) |
$ | (10.1 | ) | $ | (3.1 | ) | $ | 0.6 | $ | (8.8 | ) | ||||
Purchased capacity margin (2008) |
$ | (6.3 | ) | $ | (6.7 | ) | $ | 0.1 | NA |
However, the reported results of purchased capacity flying do not reflect the total contribution of these flights to our mainline operation as many of the flights feed traffic from smaller cities.
ALASKA EXPENSES
For the quarter, total operating expenses increased $298.2 million compared to the same period in 2007. The components of Alaskas operating expenses are summarized in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
Operating Expenses (in millions) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||
Mainline operating expenses |
$ | 954.5 | $ | 661.3 | 44.3 | |||
Purchased capacity costs |
85.6 | 80.6 | 6.2 | |||||
Total Operating Expenses |
$ | 1,040.1 | $ | 741.9 | 40.2 | |||
Mainline Operating Expenses
Total mainline operating costs for the third quarter of 2008 increased by $293.2 million or 44.3% compared to the same period in 2007. The largest cause of the increase was the $181.1 million mark-to-market loss on our fuel hedge portfolio that came as a result of the significant decline in the price of crude oil from June 30, 2008 to September 30, 2008 compared to a $4.0 million gain in the third quarter of 2007. Our economic fuel expense increased by $89.7 million as well, resulting in a year-over-year increase in total aircraft fuel expense of $274.8 million. Restructuring charges of $3.7 million and fleet transition costs of $21.5 million during the quarter also contributed to the increase. Excluding fuel and these items, mainline operating costs were lower than the third quarter of 2007 by $6.8 million. Additional line item information is provided below.
Wages and Benefits
Wages and benefits were down $6.5 million, or 3.4%, compared to the third quarter of 2007. The decline is primarily due to a decrease in defined benefit pension expense and a 1.6% decline in the average number of full-time equivalent employees. The reduction in the number of employees was the result of a reduction in non-union workforce during the quarter and a reduction in overtime hours resulting from the improved operational performance. These declines were partially offset by an increase in average wages per employee compared to the same period in 2007. We expect wages and benefits in the fourth quarter to be slightly lower than the same period in 2007, largely as a result of the announced workforce reductions taking effect.
29
Variable Incentive Pay
Incentive pay increased by $3.5 million compared to the third quarter of 2007. The increase is primarily due to higher payouts under our operational performance reward program.
Aircraft Fuel
Aircraft fuel expense includes both raw fuel expense (as defined below) plus the effect of mark-to-market adjustments to our portfolio of hedges that will benefit future periods included in our income statement as the value of that portfolio increases and decreases. Our aircraft fuel expense is very volatile, even between quarters, because it includes these gains or losses in the value of the underlying instruments as crude oil prices increase or decrease. Raw fuel expense is defined as the price that we generally pay at the airport, or the into-plane price, including taxes and fees. Raw fuel prices are impacted by world oil prices and refining costs, which can vary by region in the U.S. Raw fuel expense approximates cash paid to suppliers and does not reflect the effect of our fuel hedges.
Aircraft fuel expense increased $274.8 million, or 134.5%, compared to the same period in 2007. The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
86.0 | 93.2 | (7.7 | ) | ||||||
Raw price per gallon |
$ | 3.89 | $ | 2.39 | 62.8 | |||||
Total raw fuel expense |
$ | 334.5 | $ | 222.4 | 50.4 | |||||
Net impact on fuel expense from changes in value of the fuel hedge portfolio (gain) |
144.6 | (18.1 | ) | NM | ||||||
Aircraft fuel expense, as reported |
$ | 479.1 | $ | 204.3 | 134.5 | |||||
NM = Not meaningful
Fuel gallons consumed declined by 7.7% because of the improved fuel efficiency of our fleet as we completed the transition out of the less efficient MD-80 aircraft to newer, more efficient B737-800 aircraft on relatively flat capacity. Because the B737-800 aircraft are larger than the MD-80s, the flat capacity came on a 3.6% decline in revenue block hours.
The raw fuel price per gallon increased by 62.8% as a result of higher West Coast jet fuel prices driven by record crude oil prices during the quarter and increases in the refinery margin compared to the third quarter of 2007. Crude oil prices have declined dramatically since the record high set in July 2008. Based on the current price of jet fuel, we expect that the raw fuel price per gallon in the fourth quarter will be lower than in the fourth quarter of 2007.
During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded significant mark-to-market losses reflecting a steep decline in the value of our fuel hedge portfolio between June 30, 2008 and September 30, 2008. In the third quarter of 2007, we recorded mark-to-market gains. Our hedge portfolio consists primarily of call options that are based on the price of crude oil.
We also evaluate economic fuel expense, which we define as raw fuel expense less the cash we receive from hedge counterparties for hedges that settle during the period, offset by the premium expense that we recognize. A key
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difference between aircraft fuel expense and economic fuel expense is the timing of gain or loss recognition on our hedge portfolio. When we refer to economic fuel expense, we include gains only when they are realized through a cash receipt from our hedge contract counterparties. We believe this is the best measure of the effect that fuel prices are currently having on our business because it most closely approximates the net cash outflow associated with purchasing fuel for our operation. Accordingly, many industry analysts evaluate our results using this measure, and it is the basis for most internal management reporting and incentive pay plans.
Our economic fuel expense is calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||||
Raw fuel expense |
$ | 334.5 | $ | 222.4 | 50.4 | ||||||
Less: cash received from settled hedges, net of premium expense recognized |
(36.5 | ) | (14.1 | ) | NM | ||||||
Economic fuel expense |
$ | 298.0 | $ | 208.3 | 43.1 | ||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
86.0 | 93.2 | (7.7 | ) | |||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.47 | $ | 2.24 | 54.9 | ||||||
NM = Not meaningful
The total net cash benefit from hedges that settled during the period increased by $22.4 million to $36.5 million compared to the third quarter of 2007. This increase was primarily due to the record high crude oil prices on the settlement dates during the quarter. Based on current jet fuel prices, we expect our economic cost per gallon to be slightly higher during the fourth quarter compared to the fourth quarter of 2007. This is primarily due to higher average exercise prices on our fuel hedge contracts compared to last year, resulting in lower cash settlements.
Aircraft Maintenance
Aircraft maintenance decreased by $6.4 million, or 16.4%, compared to the prior-year quarter largely as a result of a decline in the number of engine events and component costs, offset by higher airframe events. This primarily came on an approximate $7 million reduction of maintenance costs associated with our MD-80 aircraft as we exited that fleet. We currently expect maintenance expense to exceed 2007 levels in the fourth quarter and for the full year, given the expected timing of certain maintenance events.
Aircraft Rent
Aircraft rent declined by $2.8 million, or 9.6%, because of the retirement of all remaining leased MD-80 aircraft during the quarter, offset by one additional leased B737-800 aircraft since the third quarter of 2007. We expect year-over-year declines in the fourth quarter and the full year 2008 as a result of the MD-80 fleet retirement.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased $7.7 million, or 21.9%, compared to the third quarter of 2007. This is primarily due to the additional B737-800 aircraft delivered in the last quarter of 2007 and in the first nine months of 2008. We expect depreciation and amortization in 2008 to exceed the 2007 amount by $23 million to $25 million because of new aircraft deliveries.
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Restructuring Charges and Fleet Transition Costs
In the third quarter of 2008, we announced reductions in work force among union and non-union employees. The non-union employees that were affected by the reduction were terminated in the third quarter, resulting in a $1.6 million severance charge. For union personnel, we have offered extended leaves, a voluntary furlough program, and an early-out package with a lump-sum payment based on years of service that will include continuation of medical coverage and travel benefits for a specified period. In addition to the voluntary offers, there will be involuntary furloughs to achieve the planned reduction. We recorded a $2.1 million charge in the third quarter of 2008 representing the minimum contractual obligation for this reduction in force. As the final number of early-out packages is known and other alternatives are selected, we expect to record an incremental charge of approximately $15 million to $20 million in the fourth quarter.
In the third quarter of 2008, we retired the final two MD-80 aircraft and placed them in temporary storage at an aircraft storage facility. These aircraft, along with two other MD-80s that were retired in the second quarter, are under long-term lease arrangements. The $21.5 million charge in the third quarter represents the remaining discounted future lease payments and our estimate of future maintenance costs to meet return requirements under the terms of the lease contracts.
Mainline Operating Costs per Available Seat Mile (CASM)
Operating costs per ASM (CASM) is an important metric in the industry and we use it to gauge the effectiveness of our cost-reduction efforts. Our effort to reduce unit costs focuses not only on controlling the actual dollars we spend, but also on the ability to increase our capacity without adding a commensurate amount of cost.
Our mainline operating costs per mainline ASM are summarized below:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Total mainline operating expenses per ASM (CASM) |
15.14 | ¢ | 10.41 | ¢ | 45.4 | |||
CASM includes the following components: |
||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per ASM |
7.60 | ¢ | 3.22 | ¢ | 136.0 | |||
Restructuring charges per ASM |
0.06 | ¢ | | NM | ||||
Fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.34 | ¢ | | NM |
NM = Not meaningful
We have separately listed in the above table our fuel costs, restructuring charges and fleet transition costs per ASM. These amounts are included in CASM, but for internal purposes we consistently use unit cost metrics that exclude fuel and certain special items to measure our cost-reduction progress. We believe that such analysis may be important to investors and other readers of these financial statements for the following reasons:
| Mainline cost per ASM excluding fuel and certain special items is one of the most important measures used by managements of both Alaska and Horizon and by the Air Group Board of Directors in assessing quarterly and annual cost performance. For Alaska Airlines, these decision-makers evaluate operating results of the mainline operation, which includes the operation of the B737 fleet branded in Alaska Airlines livery. The revenues and expenses associated with purchased capacity are evaluated separately. |
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| Mainline cost per ASM excluding fuel and fleet transition charges (and other items as specified in our governing documents) is an important metric for the employee incentive plan that covers company management and executives. |
| By eliminating fuel expense and other special items from our unit cost metrics, we believe that we have better visibility into the results of our non-fuel cost-reduction initiatives. Our industry is highly competitive and is characterized by high fixed costs, so even a small reduction in non-fuel operating costs can result in a significant improvement in operating results. In addition, we believe that all domestic carriers are similarly impacted by changes in jet fuel costs over the long run, so it is important for management (and thus investors) to understand the impact of (and trends in) company-specific cost drivers such as labor rates and productivity, airport costs, maintenance costs, etc., which are more controllable by management. |
| Mainline cost per ASM excluding fuel and other special items is a measure commonly used by industry analysts, and we believe it is the basis by which they compare our airlines to others in the industry. The measure is also the subject of frequent questions from investors. |
| Disclosure of the individual impact of certain noted items provides investors the ability to measure and monitor performance both with and without these special items. We believe that disclosing the impact of certain items, such as fleet transition costs and restructuring charges, is important because it provides information on significant items that are not necessarily indicative of future performance. Industry analysts and investors consistently measure our performance without these items for better comparability between periods and among other airlines. |
| Although we disclose our mainline passenger unit revenues for Alaska, we do not (nor are we able to) evaluate mainline unit revenues excluding the impact that rising fuel costs have had on ticket prices. Economic fuel cost represents approximately 35% to 40% of our total mainline operating expenses, excluding fleet transition costs and with fuel stated on an economic basis. Fluctuations in our fuel prices often drive changes in unit revenues in the mid-to-long term. Although we believe it is useful to evaluate non-fuel unit costs for the reasons noted above, we would caution readers of these financial statements not to place undue reliance on unit costs excluding fuel as a measure or predictor of future profitability because of the significant impact of fuel costs on our business. |
We currently forecast our mainline costs per ASM excluding fuel for the fourth quarter and full year 2008 to be up 5% to 6% and up 1%, respectively, compared to 2007. The increase in unit costs is primarily due to the capacity reductions for the fourth quarter.
Purchased Capacity Costs
Purchased capacity costs increased $5.0 million from the third quarter of 2007 to $85.6 million. The increase is primarily due to the increased fuel cost associated with this flying outpacing the 2.0% decline in capacity compared to the prior year.
HORIZON AIR
Horizon reported a pretax loss of $25.1 million during the third quarter of 2008 compared to pretax income of $8.3 million in the same period of 2007. The $33.4 million decrease is primarily due to a $57.7 million increase in aircraft fuel expense resulting from a significant mark-to-market unrealized loss on our fuel hedge portfolio, offset by a $17.2 million decline in non-fuel operating expenses and, to a lesser extent, a $7.2 million increase in operating revenues.
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HORIZON REVENUES
For the third quarter of 2008, operating revenues increased $7.2 million, or 3.7%, compared to 2007. Horizons passenger revenues are summarized in the table below:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Revenues (in millions) and % of ASMs |
Revenues | % ASMs | Revenues | % ASMs | ||||||
Passenger revenue from Horizon brand flying |
$ | 120.3 | 60 | $ | 108.4 | 52 | ||||
Revenue from capacity purchase arrangement (CPA) with Alaska |
81.1 | 40 | 76.2 | 35 | ||||||
Revenue from CPA with Frontier JetExpress |
| | 9.9 | 13 | ||||||
Total Passenger Revenue and % of ASMs |
$ | 201.4 | 100 | $ | 194.5 | 100 | ||||
Line-of-business information is presented in the table below. In the CPAs, Horizon is insulated from market revenue factors and is guaranteed contractual revenue amounts based on operational capacity. As a result, yield and load factor information for the CPAs are not presented.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capacity and Mix | Load Factor | Yield | RASM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 Actual (000,000) |
2007 Actual (000,000) |
Change Y-O-Y |
Actual | Point Change Y-O-Y |
Actual | Change Y-O-Y |
2008 Actual |
2007 Actual |
Change Y-O-Y |
|||||||||||||||||||
Brand Flying |
568 | 562 | 1.1 | % | 75.0 | % | 0.3 | 28.23 | ¢ | 9.5 | % | 21.63 | ¢ | 19.70 | ¢ | 9.8 | % | |||||||||||
Alaska CPA |
377 | 384 | (1.8 | %) | NM | NM | NM | NM | 21.52 | ¢ | 19.84 | ¢ | 8.5 | % | ||||||||||||||
Frontier CPA |
| 138 | (100.0 | %) | | NM | | NM | | 7.17 | ¢ | NM | ||||||||||||||||
System Total |
945 | 1,084 | (12.8 | %) | 76.3 | % | (0.9 | ) | 27.93 | ¢ | 20.2 | % | 21.60 | ¢ | 18.16 | ¢ | 18.9 | % | ||||||||||
NM = Not Meaningful
System-wide, Horizons unit revenues increased 18.9%, largely as a result of the increase in average ticket prices in the brand markets, which drove a 9.5% increase in yields, and the shift in capacity out of Frontier JetExpress flying (which produced relatively low RASM because of the nature of the contract) to higher RASM brand and Alaska CPA flying.
Horizon brand flying includes routes in the Horizon system not covered by the Alaska CPA. Horizon controls all scheduling, routes and pricing for the flights, and has the inventory and revenue risk in those markets. Passenger revenue from Horizon brand flying increased $11.9 million, or 11.0%, on a 1.1% increase in brand capacity combined with a 9.8% increase in unit revenues. The increase in unit revenues was due to a 9.5% increase in yields on a relatively flat load factor in those markets. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2007, Horizon temporarily grounded its entire fleet of Bombardier Q400 turboprops for at least two days in response to a Transport Canada airworthiness directive to inspect the landing gear of the fleet. The directive was ordered in the wake of two landing gear failure incidents in Europe. As a result of the directive, Horizon had to cancel 5% of its planned capacity for the month of September 2007, which resulted in lower-than-expected revenues in last years third quarter.
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Revenue from the CPA with Alaska totaled $81.1 million during the third quarter of 2008, compared to $76.2 million in the third quarter of 2007. The increase is primarily due to increased fuel expenses outpacing the 1.8% decline in capacity. Under the CPA, the fee paid by Alaska is based on Horizons operating costs plus a specified margin. This revenue is eliminated in consolidation.
HORIZON EXPENSES
Total operating expenses increased $40.5 million, or 21.9%, compared to the same period in 2007, primarily driven by the $37.1 million mark-to-market loss on our fuel hedge portfolio. Significant period-over-period changes in the components of operating expenses are as follows:
Wages and Benefits
Wages and benefits decreased $3.1 million, or 6.1%, as a result of a 7.0% decline in full-time equivalent employees and less overtime pay, offset by slightly higher wages per employee. We expect that wages and benefits will be lower for the full year when compared to 2007.
Aircraft Fuel
Aircraft fuel expense increased $57.7 million, or 148.7%, compared to the same period in 2007. The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
17.2 | 17.2 | | ||||||
Raw price per gallon |
$ | 3.89 | $ | 2.46 | 58.1 | ||||
Total raw fuel expense |
$ | 66.9 | $ | 42.3 | 58.2 | ||||
Impact on fuel expense from value changes in the fuel hedge portfolio (gain) |
29.6 | (3.5 | ) | NM | |||||
Aircraft fuel expense |
$ | 96.5 | $ | 38.8 | 148.7 | ||||
NM = Not meaningful
Fuel gallons consumed were flat compared to last year on a 12.8% reduction in capacity. The contributing factors were the elimination of Frontier JetExpress flying, where Horizon did not purchase the fuel, combined with the flat capacity in brand and Alaska CPA flying.
The raw fuel price per gallon increased by 58.1% as a result of higher West Coast jet fuel prices driven by higher crude oil prices and refinery margins. Crude oil prices have declined dramatically since the record high set in July 2008. Based on the current price of jet fuel, we expect that the raw fuel price per gallon in the fourth quarter will be lower than in the fourth quarter of 2007.
During the third quarter of 2008, we recorded significant mark-to-market losses reflecting a steep decline in the value of our fuel hedge portfolio between June 30, 2008 and September 30, 2008. In the third quarter of 2007, we recorded a mark-to-market gain. Our hedge portfolio consists primarily of call options that are based on the prices of crude oil.
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We realized gains of $7.5 million from settled hedge contracts in the third quarter of 2008, compared to $2.7 million in the same period of 2007. Our economic fuel expense is calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||
Raw fuel expense |
$ | 66.9 | $ | 42.3 | 58.2 | |||||
Less: cash received from settled hedges, net of premium expense recognized |
(7.5 | ) | (2.7 | ) | NM | |||||
Economic fuel expense |
$ | 59.4 | $ | 39.6 | 50.0 | |||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
17.2 | 17.2 | | |||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.45 | $ | 2.30 | 50.0 | |||||
NM = Not meaningful
Aircraft Maintenance
Aircraft maintenance expense declined $5.4 million, or 26.7%, generally as a result of fewer maintenance events during the third quarter of the current year compared to 2007. Additionally, we have seen savings from increased efficiencies in our processes, particularly in line maintenance and shops. We expect maintenance expense will be approximately $25 million to $30 million lower for all of 2008 compared to 2007.
Aircraft Rent
Aircraft rent declined $2.2 million, or 13.7%, as a result of the transition of 16 leased Q200 aircraft to a third party over the past 18 months and the retirement of three additional leased Q200s in the first nine months of 2008.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization decreased $2.2 million, or 19.6%, as a result of accelerated depreciation on Q200 spare parts in the prior-year period. This decline was offset by depreciation expense on the new Q400s purchased in late 2007 and 2008.
Fleet Transition Costs
We recorded a $0.7 million charge associated with two Q200 aircraft that were removed from operating service during the third quarter of 2008. In last years third quarter, we recorded a $3.9 million charge associated with the sublease of three Q200 aircraft to a third party.
Additionally, during the third quarter, as a result of our decision to retire the CRJ-700 fleet earlier than expected, we recorded a $0.7 million severance charge related to a reduction in our pilot work force.
Operating Costs per Available Seat Mile (CASM)
As discussed above, operating costs per ASM (CASM) is an important metric in the industry and we use it to gauge the effectiveness of our cost-reduction efforts. As at Alaska, Horizons efforts to reduce unit costs focus not only on controlling the actual dollars we spend, but also on increasing available seat miles without adding a commensurate amount of cost. We have been replacing our Q200 aircraft with larger-gauge Q400 aircraft. However, we have reduced our capacity in 2008 and plan on further reductions in 2009, which will place significant pressure on our unit costs.
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Our operating costs per ASM are summarized below:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Total operating expenses per ASM (CASM) |
23.88 | ¢ | 17.08 | ¢ | 39.8 | |||
CASM includes the following components: |
||||||||
Fuel costs per ASM |
10.20 | ¢ | 3.57 | ¢ | 185.7 | |||
Fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.14 | ¢ | 0.36 | ¢ | NM |
NM = Not meaningful
We currently forecast our costs per ASM excluding fuel and fleet transition costs for the fourth quarter and full year to be up 10% to 12% and 1% to 2%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007.
Consolidated Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net nonoperating expense was $13.0 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to $2.2 million for the same period of 2007. Interest income decreased $3.1 million compared to the third quarter of 2007 as a result of lower average portfolio returns resulting from the current market decline, offset by a higher average cash and marketable securities balance. Interest expense increased $3.1 million primarily as a result of new debt arrangements in the first nine months of 2008, offset by lower interest rates on our variable-rate debt. Other net expense increased by $3.4 million primarily due to the write down of certain securities in our portfolio that we believe are other-than-temporarily impaired. We expect that nonoperating expense will increase for the full year 2008 as we continue to finance new aircraft deliveries, resulting in a higher average debt balance.
Consolidated Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
See discussion below under Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007.
COMPARISON OF NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 TO NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2007
Our consolidated net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $60.7 million, or $1.67 per diluted share, compared to net income in 2007 of $116.9 million, or $2.86 per diluted share. Both periods include adjustments to reflect timing of gain and loss recognition resulting from mark-to-market fuel hedge accounting. For the first nine months of 2008, we recorded mark-to-market losses of $62.1 million ($38.9 million after tax, or $1.07 per diluted share) due to the loss in value of our fuel hedge contracts since December 31, 2007, compared to gains of $11.8 million ($7.4 million after tax, or $0.19 per diluted share) for the first nine months of 2007. In the first nine months of 2008, there were several other items, as noted below, that affect the comparability between the two periods:
| restructuring charges of $3.7 million ($2.3 million after tax, or $0.06 per share) related to the reduction in work force at Alaska; |
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| fleet transition charges of $54.3 million ($34.0 million after tax, or $0.94 per share) related to the ongoing transitions out of the MD-80 and CRJ-700 fleets; and |
| a $42.3 million benefit ($26.5 million after tax, or $0.73 per share) related to a change in the terms of our Mileage Plan program. |
We believe presentation of these special items provides useful information to investors and other readers of the financial statements because of the same reasons provided above in the three-month discussion.
Alaska reported a pretax loss $59.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, while Horizon reported a pretax loss of $30.1 million for the same period. Financial and statistical data for Alaska and Horizon are shown on pages 26 and 27, respectively.
ALASKA AIRLINES
Alaska reported a loss before income taxes of $59.9 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to pretax income of $199.8 million in the same period of 2007. The $259.7 million difference between the periods is primarily the result of a $308.7 million increase in aircraft fuel expense, $47.5 million of fleet transition costs and increases in other operating expenses, partially offset by a $173.1 million increase in operating revenues.
ALASKA REVENUES
Total operating revenues increased $173.1 million, or 7.5%, during the first nine months of 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The changes are summarized in the following table:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||
(in millions) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Passenger Revenue - mainline |
$ | 2,041.2 | $ | 1,934.4 | 5.5 | ||||
Freight and mail |
77.1 | 72.9 | 5.8 | ||||||
Other - net |
101.2 | 105.8 | (4.3 | ) | |||||
Change in Mileage Plan terms |
42.3 | | NM | ||||||
Total Mainline Revenues |
$ | 2,261.8 | $ | 2,113.1 | 7.0 | ||||
Passenger Revenue - purchased capacity |
233.9 | 209.5 | 11.6 | ||||||
Total Operating Revenues |
$ | 2,495.7 | $ | 2,322.6 | 7.5 | ||||
NM = Not meaningful
Passenger Revenue - Mainline
Mainline passenger revenue for the first nine months increased 5.5% on a 2.4% increase in available seat miles and a 3.0% increase in passenger revenues per available seat mile (PRASM). The increase in mainline PRASM was the result of a 2.2% increase in yields and a 0.7-point increase in load factor compared to the prior-year period.
Freight and Mail
Freight and mail revenues increased $4.2 million, or 5.8%, over the first nine months of 2007. The increase is due to increased yields for freight and mail and freight fuel surcharges, offset by a decline in freight volumes compared to the prior year.
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Change in Mileage Plan Terms
Beginning in August 2008, we reduced the length of time that a Mileage Plan account could be inactive from three years to two years before the account is deleted. As a result of this change in terms, our Mileage Plan liability was reduced by $42.3 million. This benefit is recorded separately in operating revenues as Change in Mileage Plan terms.
Passenger Revenue Purchased Capacity
Passenger revenue purchased capacity increased by $24.4 million over the same period in 2007 because of a 7.5% increase in passenger traffic and a 3.3% increase in unit revenues. Unit revenues have increased due to a 3.8% increase in yields, offset by a 0.4-point decline in load factors compared to 2007.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, purchased capacity costs exceeded passenger revenue purchased capacity by $12.9 million. However, the reported results of purchased capacity flying do not reflect the total contribution of these flights to our mainline operation as many of the flights feed traffic from smaller cities.
ALASKA EXPENSES
For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, total operating expenses increased $413.4 million or 19.4% compared to the same period in 2007 as a result of higher mainline operating costs, most notably aircraft fuel expense and fleet transition charges. We believe it is useful to summarize operating expenses as follows, which is consistent with the way expenses are reported internally and evaluated by management:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
Operating Expenses (in millions) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||
Mainline operating expenses |
$ | 2,292.9 | $ | 1,904.2 | 20.4 | |||
Purchased capacity costs |
246.8 | 222.1 | 11.1 | |||||
Total Operating Expenses |
$ | 2,539.7 | $ | 2,126.3 | 19.4 | |||
Mainline Operating Expenses
Total mainline operating costs increased $388.7 million or 20.4% compared to the same period in the last year. The increase was primarily due to the $308.7 million increase in fuel expense and fleet transition charges of $47.5 million. Significant operating expense variances are more fully described below.
Wages and Benefits
Wages and benefits decreased during the first nine months of 2008 by $4.0 million, or 0.7%, primarily as a result of lower defined benefit pension costs and overtime, offset by a 1.1% increase in full-time equivalent employees compared to the same period in 2007.
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Aircraft Fuel
Aircraft fuel expense increased $308.7 million, or 55.6%, compared to the same period in 2007. The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
258.3 | 267.1 | (3.3 | ) | |||||||
Raw price per gallon |
$ | 3.56 | $ | 2.19 | 62.6 | ||||||
Total raw fuel expense |
$ | 918.8 | $ | 585.2 | 57.0 | ||||||
Impact on fuel expense from value changes in the fuel hedge portfolio (gain) |
(54.8 | ) | (29.9 | ) | NM | ||||||
Aircraft fuel expense |
$ | 864.0 | $ | 555.3 | 55.6 | ||||||
NM = Not meaningful
Fuel consumption declined by 3.3% from the prior year on a 2.4% capacity increase because of the improved fuel efficiency of our fleet of newer more fuel-efficient B737-800 aircraft.
The raw fuel cost per gallon increased 62.6% over the prior-year period as a result of higher West Coast jet fuel prices driven by record high crude oil prices and an increase in the refinery margin.
Our economic fuel expense is calculated as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||||
Raw fuel expense |
$ | 918.8 | $ | 585.2 | 57.0 | ||||||
Less: cash received from settled hedges, net of premium expense recognized |
(107.2 | ) | (20.6 | ) | NM | ||||||
Economic fuel expense |
$ | 811.6 | $ | 564.6 | 43.7 | ||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
258.3 | 267.1 | (3.3 | ) | |||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.14 | $ | 2.11 | 48.8 | ||||||
NM = Not meaningful
The total net cash benefit from hedges that settled during the period increased to $107.2 million from $20.6 million in the first nine months of 2007. The increase is primarily due to the dramatic rise in crude oil prices during the period these contracts have settled.
Aircraft Maintenance
Aircraft maintenance increased by $4.3 million, or 4.0%, during the first nine months of 2008, compared to the same period in the prior year, resulting largely from an increase in the number of maintenance events. Offsetting the increases, we also realized an approximate $14 million reduction of maintenance costs associated with our MD-80 aircraft as we exited that fleet.
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Contracted Services
Contracted services increased by $9.3 million, or 10.2%, compared to the first nine months of 2007 as a result of efforts to improve our operational performance.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization increased $17.1 million, or 16.1%, compared to the first nine months of 2007. This is primarily due to new B737-800 aircraft deliveries in the last quarter of 2007 and the first nine months of 2008.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses increased primarily because of higher personnel and crew costs, property taxes, and legal fees, partially offset by a decline in passenger remuneration costs stemming from our improved operational performance.
Restructuring Charges and Fleet Transition Costs
In the third quarter of 2008, we announced work force reductions among union and non-union employees. The affected non-union employees were terminated in the third quarter, resulting in a $1.6 million severance charge. For union personnel, we have offered extended leaves, a voluntary furlough program, and an early-out package with a lump-sum payment based on years of service that will include continuation of medical coverage and travel benefits for a specified period of time. In addition to the voluntary offers, there will be involuntary furloughs to achieve the planned reduction. We recorded a $2.1 million charge in the third quarter of 2008 representing the minimum contractual obligation for this reduction in force.
In the first nine months of 2008, we retired four MD-80 aircraft that were under long-term lease arrangements and placed them in temporary storage at an aircraft storage facility. These aircraft are under long-term lease arrangements. The $47.5 million charge in the period represents the remaining lease payments under the lease contract and our estimate of maintenance costs that will be incurred in the future to meet the minimum return conditions under the lease requirements.
Mainline Operating Costs per Available Seat Mile (CASM)
Our mainline operating expenses per ASM are summarized below:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Total mainline operating expenses per ASM (CASM) |
12.31 | ¢ | 10.47 | ¢ | 17.6 | |||
CASM includes the following components: |
||||||||
Aircraft fuel cost per ASM |
4.64 | ¢ | 3.05 | ¢ | 52.1 | |||
Restructuring charges per ASM |
0.02 | ¢ | | NM | ||||
Fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.25 | ¢ | | NM |
NM = Not Meaningful
Purchased Capacity Costs
Purchased capacity costs increased $24.7 million from the first nine months of 2007 to $246.8 million in 2008. Of the total, $231.2 million was paid to Horizon under the CPA for 1.1 billion ASMs. This expense is eliminated in consolidation.
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HORIZON AIR
Horizon reported a loss before income taxes of $30.1 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to $5.9 million in the same period of 2007. The $24.2 million decline is primarily due to higher fuel costs, offset by lower non-fuel operating costs and higher operating revenues.
HORIZON REVENUES
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, operating revenues increased $33.7 million, or 6.3%, compared to 2007. Horizons passenger revenues are summarized in the table below:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Revenues (in millions) and % of ASMs |
Revenues | % ASMs | Revenues | % ASMs | ||||||
Passenger revenue from Horizon brand flying |
$ | 330.7 | 61 | $ | 292.1 | 51 | ||||
Revenue from CPA with Alaska |
231.2 | 39 | 207.3 | 34 | ||||||
Revenue from CPA with Frontier JetExpress |
| | 30.2 | 15 | ||||||
Total Passenger Revenue and % of ASMs |
$ | 561.9 | 100 | $ | 529.6 | 100 | ||||
Line-of-business information is presented in the table below. In the CPAs, Horizon is insulated from market revenue factors and is guaranteed contractual revenue amounts based on operational capacity. As a result, yield and load factor information is not presented.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capacity and Mix | Load Factor | Yield | RASM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 Actual (000,000) |
2007 Actual (000,000) |
Change Y-O-Y |
Actual | Point Change Y-O-Y |
Actual | Change Y-O-Y |
2008 Actual |
2007 Actual |
Change Y-O-Y |
|||||||||||||||||||
Brand Flying |
1,736 | 1,518 | 14.4 | % | 71.1 | % | (1.2 | ) | 26.80 | ¢ | 0.7 | % | 19.53 | ¢ | 19.70 | ¢ | (0.9 | %) | ||||||||||
Alaska CPA |
1,095 | 1,014 | 8.0 | % | NM | NM | NM | NM | 21.11 | ¢ | 20.44 | ¢ | 3.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
Frontier CPA |
| 450 | (100.0 | %) | | NM | | NM | | 6.70 | ¢ | NM | ||||||||||||||||
System Total |
2,831 | 2,982 | (5.1 | %) | 73.3 | % | (0.3 | ) | 27.09 | ¢ | 12.3 | % | 20.14 | ¢ | 17.99 | ¢ | 12.0 | % | ||||||||||
NM = Not meaningful
System-wide, Horizons operating unit revenues increased 12.0%. However, the increase was largely due to the shift in capacity out of Frontier JetExpress flying (which produced relatively low RASM because of the nature of the contract) to higher RASM brand and Alaska CPA flying.
Horizon brand flying includes routes in the Horizon system not covered by the Alaska CPA. Horizon has the inventory and revenue risk in these markets. Passenger revenue from Horizon brand flying increased $38.6 million, or 13.2%, on a 14.4% increase in brand capacity offset by a decline of 0.9% in unit revenues. The decline in unit revenues was due to a 1.2-point reduction in load factor, offset by 0.77% increase in yield in the brand markets. As noted in the three-month discussion, the Q400 landing gear inspections had a negative impact on third-quarter revenues in 2007.
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Revenue from the CPA with Alaska totaled $231.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to $207.3 million in the same period of 2007. The increase is driven by the 8% increase in capacity. Under the CPA, the fee paid by Alaska is based on Horizons operating costs, plus a specified margin. This revenue is eliminated in consolidation.
HORIZON EXPENSES
Total operating expenses increased $54.2 million, or 10.1%, as compared to the same period in 2007. Significant period-over-period changes in the components of operating expenses are described below.
Aircraft Fuel
Aircraft fuel expense increased $75.1 million, or 74.7%, compared to the same period in 2007. The elements of the change are illustrated in the following table:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
52.1 | 47.2 | 10.4 | |||||||
Raw price per gallon |
$ | 3.61 | $ | 2.26 | 59.7 | |||||
Total raw fuel expense |
$ | 187.9 | $ | 106.9 | 75.8 | |||||
Impact on fuel expense from value changes in the fuel hedge portfolio (gain) |
(12.3 | ) | (6.4 | ) | NM | |||||
Aircraft fuel expense |
$ | 175.6 | $ | 100.5 | 74.7 | |||||
NM = Not meaningful
The 10.4% increase in consumption was driven by the elimination of Frontier JetExpress flying in 2007. As those aircraft were redeployed into the Horizon fleet, Horizon began purchasing the fuel, whereas under the JetExpress arrangement, fuel was purchased by Frontier. Offsetting these increases in fuel consumption is the improved fuel efficiency of our fleet resulting from new Q400 aircraft deliveries. These more fuel-efficient aircraft have helped to improve the overall fuel burn rate per ASM by 1.4% from the first nine months of 2007.
The raw fuel prices per gallon increased by 59.7% as a result of higher West Coast jet fuel prices driven by higher crude oil costs and refinery margins.
During the first nine months of 2008, we recorded mark-to-market losses of $9.7 million reflecting a decline in the value of our fuel hedge portfolio between December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2008, compared to gains of $2.5 million in the same period of 2007.
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Our economic fuel expense is calculated as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
(in millions, except per-gallon amounts) |
2008 | 2007 | % Change | |||||||
Raw fuel expense |
$ | 187.9 | $ | 106.9 | 75.8 | |||||
Less: cash received from settled hedges, net of premium expense recognized |
(22.0 | ) | (3.9 | ) | NM | |||||
Economic fuel expense |
$ | 165.9 | $ | 103.0 | 61.1 | |||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
52.1 | 47.2 | 10.4 | |||||||
Economic fuel cost per gallon |
$ | 3.18 | $ | 2.18 | 45.9 | |||||
NM = Not meaningful
Aircraft Maintenance
Aircraft maintenance expense decreased $21.4 million, or 31.1%, primarily as a result of fewer scheduled maintenance events and cost savings from process improvements.
Aircraft Rent
Aircraft rent decreased $6.2 million, or 12.4%, from the first nine months of 2007 due to the sublease of the Q200 aircraft to a third party.
Fleet Transition Costs
Fleet transition costs associated with the sublease of Q200 aircraft were $8.7 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to $10.6 million in the same period of 2007. All 16 of the Q200 aircraft under the existing sublease arrangement have been delivered. We also recorded a $1.0 million charge associated with three additional Q200s that were removed from operating service in the first nine months of 2008.
During the first nine months of 2008, as a result of the Boards decision to retire the CRJ-700 fleet earlier than expected, we recorded a $5.5 million impairment charge associated with the two owned CRJ-700 aircraft and related spare parts and $1.3 million for severance charges related to a reduction in work force.
Operating Costs per Available Seat Mile (CASM)
Our operating costs per ASM are summarized below:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change | ||||||
Total operating expenses per ASM (CASM) |
20.83 | ¢ | 17.95 | ¢ | 16.0 | |||
CASM includes the following components: |
||||||||
Fuel costs per ASM |
6.21 | ¢ | 3.37 | ¢ | 84.3 | |||
Fleet transition costs per ASM |
0.58 | ¢ | 0.36 | ¢ | NM |
NM = Not meaningful
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Consolidated Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net nonoperating expense was $27.7 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared to $4.6 million in the same period of 2007. The reasons for the changes to the components of nonoperating expense are consistent with those in the three-month discussion.
Consolidated Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
We provide for income taxes each quarter based on either our estimate of the effective tax rate for the full year or the actual year-to-date effective tax rate if it is our best estimate of our annual rate. For the first nine months of 2008, we used the estimated income tax rate based on our current full-year estimate of pretax earnings. Our effective income tax rate on the pretax income or loss for the first nine months of 2008 was 34.9%, compared to 38.8% for the first nine months of 2007. In arriving at this rate, we considered a variety of factors, including our full-year forecasted pretax results, the U.S. federal rate of 35%, estimated full-year nondeductible expenses and estimated state income taxes. The effective rate for the first nine months of 2007 was positively impacted by a $1.7 million credit that resulted from a favorable impact of a state income tax matter. Excluding this benefit, our effective tax rate would have been approximately 39.7% for the 2007 period.
We evaluate our tax rate each quarter and make adjustments when necessary. Our final effective tax rate for the full year is highly dependent on the level of pretax income or loss and the magnitude of any nondeductible expenses in relation to that pretax amount.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
For information on our critical accounting estimates, see Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. For information about the impact of recently released accounting standards, see Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Because of the current tumultuous economic environment and uncertain demand conditions, we continue to have a significant focus on preserving our liquidity position. In addition to the bank line-of-credit and pre-delivery payment facilities described below, other sources of liquidity may include financing other assets such as the 10 unencumbered aircraft in our fleet, aircraft parts, or receivables or a forward sale of mileage credits to our bank partner. We believe that our current cash and marketable securities combined with future cash flows from operations and other sources of liquidity will fund our operations for the foreseeable future.
The table below presents the major indicators of financial condition and liquidity.
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | Change | ||||||||
(in millions, except per-share and debt-to-capital amounts) | ||||||||||
Cash and marketable securities |
$ | 1,067.4 | $ | 822.8 | $ | 244.6 | ||||
Long-term debt, net of current portion |
1,613.1 | 1,124.6 | 488.5 | |||||||
Shareholders equity |
925.7 | 1,025.4 | (99.7 | ) | ||||||
Long-term debt-to-capital assuming aircraft operating leases are capitalized at seven times annualized rent |
75%: 25% | 70%: 30% | NA |
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During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, our cash and marketable securities increased $244.6 million to $1.1 billion. The following discussion summarizes the primary drivers of the increase and our expectation of future cash requirements.
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
During the first nine months of 2008, net cash provided by operating activities was $140.9 million, compared to $373.4 million generated during the same period of 2007. The decline was primarily driven by significantly higher economic fuel costs, which approximates the actual cash paid for fuel during the period. Air Groups total economic fuel expense increased $309.9 million, or 46.4%, compared to the first nine months of 2007. The increase in cash paid for fuel was partially offset by the $182.9 million increase in operating revenues.
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was $606.8 million during the first nine months of 2008, compared to $622.8 million during the same period of 2007. Our capital expenditures were lower as we purchased 10 B737-800s and one Q400 during the first nine months of 2008 compared to 10 B737-800s and 13 Q400s in the first nine months of 2007. Offsetting the decline in capital expenditures, we had net purchases of marketable securities of $209.7 million during the 2008 period compared to $21.8 million in 2007.
We currently expect capital expenditures for 2008 to be as follows (in millions):
Aircraft- related |
Non-aircraft | Total | |||||||
Alaska |
$ | 305 | $ | 60 | $ | 365 | |||
Horizon |
75 | 5 | 80 | ||||||
Total Air Group |
$ | 380 | $ | 65 | $ | 445 | |||
The reduction in expected capital expenditures from our second quarter Form 10Q is attributable to the delayed delivery of six B737-800 aircraft as a result of the machinist strike at Boeing and, to a lesser extent, the deferral of two Q400 aircraft from the fourth quarter into 2009.
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $520.8 million during the first nine months of 2008 compared to $99.0 million during the same period of 2007. We obtained debt financing for 12 B737-800s and 14 Q400s during the nine-month period. We also borrowed $187.9 million on our pre-delivery payment facility during the year. Offsetting the borrowings were $218.9 million of debt payments and the repurchase of $48.9 million of our common stock as part of our common stock repurchase program.
We plan to meet our significant capital and operating commitments through internally generated funds from operations and cash and marketable securities on hand, along with additional debt financing and proceeds from our pre-delivery payment facility.
Bank Line-of-Credit Facility
Alaska has a $185 million variable-rate credit facility that expires in March 2010. At September 30, 2008, there were no outstanding borrowings on this credit facility, although we did draw $75 million from this facility subsequent to September 30, 2008. On September 24, 2008, we entered into the Fourth Amendment to the credit facility that eliminated all previous financial covenants and replaced them with a requirement to maintain a minimum unrestricted cash and marketable securities balance of $500 million.
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Pre-delivery Payment Facility
Alaskas $172 million variable-rate revolving loan facility is available to provide a portion of the pre-delivery funding requirements of Alaskas purchase of new B737-800 aircraft under the current aircraft purchase agreement. The maximum available amount is reduced to $152 million beginning in August 2009. The facility expires on August 31, 2011. The interest rate is based on one-month LIBOR plus a specified margin. Any borrowings will be secured by Alaskas rights under the Boeing purchase agreement. The principal amounts outstanding on the facility relate to specified aircraft and will be repaid at the time that Alaska takes delivery of the aircraft, if not sooner. As of September 30, 2008, $127.4 million was outstanding under this facility, all of which is classified as current on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Approximately $95 million of the outstanding borrowings are expected to be repaid in the fourth quarter of 2008.
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Aircraft Purchase Commitments
At September 30, 2008, we had firm orders for 35 aircraft requiring aggregate payments of approximately $733 million, as set forth below. In addition, Alaska has options to acquire 45 additional B737-800s and Horizon has options to acquire 20 Q400s. Alaska and Horizon expect to finance the firm orders and, to the extent exercised, the option aircraft through long-term debt, operating lease arrangements, or internally generated cash.
During the first nine months of 2008, Alaska took delivery of 10 B737-800 aircraft, all of which were paid for with cash on hand. Five of these aircraft were subsequently financed with fixed-rate debt arrangements. Alaska also financed seven of the pre-2008 deliveries during the first nine months of 2008 with fixed-rate debt arrangements. Additionally, Alaska took delivery of one B737-800 aircraft under an operating lease arrangement. Horizon took delivery of one Q400 aircraft, which was acquired using cash on hand and then subsequently financed. During the first nine months of 2008, Horizon also financed 13 Q400s that were delivered in 2007.
We currently have financing arranged for all of the future expected Q400 deliveries and are in discussions with third parties to finance the B737-800 deliveries. We are also in discussions with potential lessors to enter into sale-leaseback transactions with a number of our B737-800 aircraft. In the current economic environment, we expect that terms of financing arrangements will be less favorable than in recent years. As such, we may choose to pay cash for future deliveries which would result in a reduction in our cash and marketable securities balance.
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The following table summarizes firm aircraft purchase commitments as of September 30, 2008 and payments by year:
Aircraft |
October 1 December 31, 2008 |
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Total | ||||||||||
Boeing 737-800* |
| 11 | 7 | 3 | 21 | ||||||||||
Bombardier Q400** |
1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 14 | ||||||||||
Total |
1 | 16 | 12 | 6 | 35 | ||||||||||
Payments (millions)*** |
$ | 45.9 | $ | 341.6 | $ | 256.8 | $ | 88.8 | $ | 733.1 | |||||
* | Due to the machinist strike at Boeing, Alaska will experience delays in the delivery of some of our 737-800 aircraft. We had six aircraft scheduled for delivery for the remainder of 2008, which will more than likely be pushed into 2009 due to the strike. The table above includes our assumptions of timing of future deliveries and may change depending on the new delivery schedule provided by Boeing in the fourth quarter. |
** | Horizon is in discussions with Bombardier about deferring Q400 aircraft originally scheduled for delivery in the fourth quarter 2008 and in 2009 and retiming them to coincide with the successful remarketing and transition out of the CRJ-700 aircraft. Horizon currently expects to take delivery of one of the three originally scheduled Q400 deliveries in the fourth quarter of this year and shift some of the 2009 deliveries into 2010 and 2011. However, these expectations are subject to change as the CRJ-700 remarketing efforts progress. |
*** | Includes pre-delivery payments to Boeing and Bombardier as well as final aircraft payments. |
Contractual Obligations
The following table provides a summary of our principal payments under current and long-term debt obligations, operating lease commitments, aircraft purchase commitments and other obligations as of September 30, 2008.
(in millions) |
October 1 December 31, 2008 |
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | Beyond 2012 |
Total | ||||||||||||||
Current and long-term debt obligations |
$ | 30.0 | $ | 128.8 | $ | 136.2 | $ | 171.1 | $ | 215.3 | $ | 1,058.8 | $ | 1,740.2 | |||||||
Current and long-term portions of the pre-delivery payment facility |
94.6 | 32.8 | | | | | 127.4 | ||||||||||||||
Operating lease commitments (1) |
30.1 | 226.5 | 208.8 | 176.2 | 174.7 | 526.1 | 1,342.4 | ||||||||||||||
Aircraft purchase commitments |
45.9 | 341.6 | 256.8 | 88.8 | | | 733.1 | ||||||||||||||
Interest obligations (2) |
22.0 | 101.6 | 93.2 | 84.5 | 73.4 | 246.9 | 621.6 | ||||||||||||||
Other purchase obligations (3) (4) |
5.4 | 30.0 | 30.3 | 30.6 | 30.9 | 62.7 | 189.9 | ||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 228.0 | $ | 861.3 | $ | 725.3 | $ | 551.2 | $ | 494.3 | $ | 1,894.5 | $ | 4,754.6 | |||||||
(1) | Operating lease commitments generally include aircraft operating leases, airport property and hangar leases, office space, and other equipment leases. The aircraft operating leases include lease obligations for four leased MD-80 aircraft, two of which we retired in the second quarter and the other two of which were retired in the third quarter. We remain obligated under the existing lease contracts on these aircraft. |
(2) | For variable-rate debt, future obligations are shown above using interest rates in effect as of September 30, 2008. |
(3) | Includes minimum obligations under our long-term power-by-the-hour maintenance agreement for engines on our B737-400 aircraft, but not the power-by-the-hour maintenance agreement for engines on our B737-700 and -900 aircraft signed on July 23, 2008. |
(4) | Excludes $24.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits for which we cannot make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amount and period of payment. |
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Pension Obligations
The table above excludes contributions to our various pension plans, which could be approximately $50 million to $75 million per year through 2012 based on our current funding policy, although there is no minimum contribution required in 2009. In addition, recent market performance has resulted in a decline in the fair value of plan assets. At December 31, 2007, our defined-benefit pension plan was 86.2% funded based on a projected benefit obligation basis. We believe that our current funding percentage is lower and may be in the range of 65% to 70%. We also believe that the 2009 pension expense will be higher than in 2008.
Effect of Inflation
Inflation and price changes other than for aircraft fuel and passenger fares do not have a significant effect on our operating revenues, operating expenses and operating income.
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
There have been no material changes in market risk from the information provided in Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk in our 2007 10-K except as follows:
Market Risk Aircraft Fuel
Currently, our fuel-hedging portfolio consists almost exclusively of crude oil call options. We utilize the contracts in our portfolio as hedges to decrease our exposure to the volatility of jet fuel prices. Call options are designed to effectively cap our cost of the crude oil component of fuel prices, allowing us to limit our exposure to increasing fuel prices. With these call option contracts, we still benefit from the decline in crude oil prices as there is no downward exposure other than the premiums that we pay to enter into the contracts. To a lesser extent, we also use collar structures for fuel hedging purposes. We believe there is risk in not hedging against the possibility of fuel price increases. We estimate that a 10% increase or decrease in crude oil prices as of September 30, 2008 would increase or decrease the fair value of our hedge portfolio by approximately $34.6 million and $30.5 million, respectively.
We have fuel purchase contracts that fix the refining margin we will pay for approximately 50% of our fuel consumption in the fourth quarter of 2008.
Our portfolio of fuel hedge contracts was worth $98.7 million at September 30, 2008, including $79.3 million of capitalized premiums paid to counterparties, compared to a portfolio value of $112.5 million at December 31, 2007.
Please refer to Note 3 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements, for company-specific data on the results of our fuel-hedging program, as well as a summary of hedge positions as of September 30, 2008.
Financial Market Risk
In this current economic environment, significant volatility in market values and interest rates is commonplace. Credit markets are tightening and the availability of debt financing has greatly diminished. We have exposure to market risk associated with changes in interest rates related primarily to our debt obligations and short-term investment portfolio. Our debt obligations include variable-rate instruments, which have exposure to changes in interest rates. This exposure is somewhat mitigated through our variable-rate investment portfolio. We also have investments in marketable securities, which are exposed to market risk associated with changes in interest
49
rates and market values. We do not currently invest in equity securities or auction-rate securities, only government and corporate bond obligations. As of September 30, 2008, the net unrealized loss on our $1.1 billion cash and marketable securities balance was $12.4 million.
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of September 30, 2008, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer (collectively, our certifying officers), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in our periodic reports filed with or submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SECs rules and forms, and includes, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our certifying officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our certifying officers concluded, based on their evaluation, that disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2008.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We made no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
In June 2005, the International Association of Machinists (IAM) filed a grievance under its Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) with Alaska alleging that Alaska violated the CBA by, among other things, subcontracting the ramp service operation in Seattle. The dispute was referred to an arbitrator and hearings on the grievance commenced in January 2007, with a final hearing date in August 2007. In August 2008, the arbitrator issued a ruling in the matter. In that ruling, the arbitrator found that Alaska had violated the CBA and instructed Alaska and the IAM to negotiate a remedy. The parties have met, but the matter has not yet been resolved. Management currently does not believe that any final remedy will materially impact our financial position or results of operations.
Other
The Company is a party to routine litigation matters incidental to its business and with respect to which no material liability is expected.
Management believes the ultimate disposition of the matters discussed above is not likely to materially affect the Companys financial position or results of operations. This forward-looking statement is based on managements current understanding of the relevant law and facts, and it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of judges and juries.
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ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on February 20, 2008, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. There have been no material changes to the risk factors described in that report. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None during the three months ended September 30, 2008.
ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES |
None.
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
None.
ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS |
See Exhibit Index on page 52.
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ALASKA AIR GROUP, INC. | ||
Registrant | ||
Date: November 7, 2008 | ||
By: | /s/ Brandon S. Pedersen | |
Brandon S. Pedersen | ||
Vice President/Finance and Controller | ||
By: | /s/ Bradley D. Tilden | |
Bradley D. Tilden | ||
Executive Vice President/Finance and Planning and Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Pursuant to Item 601(a)(2) of Regulation S-K, this Exhibit Index immediately precedes the exhibits.
The following exhibits are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
Exhibit No. |
Description | |||
10.1 | (1)(2) | Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement | ||
31.1 | (1) | Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | ||
31.2 | (1) | Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | ||
32.1 | (1) | Section 906 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 | ||
32.2 | (1) | Section 906 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 |
(1) | Filed herewith |
(2) | Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.24b-2, confidential information has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a Confidential Treatment Application filed with the Commission. |
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