UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012
OR
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission file number: 000-30931
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| DELAWARE | 52-1483235 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
7255 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-7900
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (240) 497-3000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES ¨ NO x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES ¨ NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, or “smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one).
| Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer x | Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ¨ NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES x NO ¨
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed using the closing sale price of the registrant’s Common Stock on September 30, 2011, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, was approximately $419,602,281. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily conclusive for other purposes.
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on June 4, 2012 was 22,858,368.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2012
Forward Looking Information
This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “should,” and “would” or similar words. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss our future expectations, contain projections of our future results of operations or of our financial position, or state other forward-looking information. We believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our investors. However, there may be events in the future that we are not able to predict accurately or control. The factors listed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Risk Factors,” as well as any cautionary language in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, provide examples of risks, uncertainties, and events that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements. You should also carefully review the risks outlined in other documents that we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q that we will file in fiscal 2013.
The forward-looking statements provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K represent our expectations as of June 8, 2012. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments may cause our expectations to change. However, while we may elect to update this forward-looking information at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so. This forward-looking information should not be relied upon as representing our expectations as of any date subsequent to June 8, 2012.
Fiscal Year Convention
The years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, are referred to as “fiscal 2012,” “fiscal 2011,” and “fiscal 2010,” respectively, in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
| ITEM 1. | BUSINESS |
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or Annual Report, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to OPNET Technologies, Inc. and its wholly-owned and wholly-controlled subsidiaries unless the context otherwise indicates.
OPNET Technologies, Inc. is a provider of application and network performance management solutions. Our software products address application performance management, or APM; network performance management; network engineering, operations, and planning; and network research and development. Our customers include corporate enterprises, government and defense agencies, network service providers, and network equipment manufacturers. Our software products and related services are designed to help our customers make better use of resources, reduce operational problems and improve competitiveness.
In modern business environments, applications that were once largely static for long intervals must now be managed as dynamic systems due to industry trends and technology innovations that have fundamentally changed the way applications operate, and how users interact with them. Dynamic aspects of service delivery include: the network infrastructure, which is shared among all applications and automatically adapts to fluctuations in usage and resources; the computing environment, especially with the deployment of server virtualization and the growth of cloud computing; user mobility; and the business-driven need to rapidly deploy new functionality and “bug fixes” into the code of the application itself.
Within this rapidly evolving, complex environment, traditional approaches to managing the performance of applications and networks are no longer sufficient to empower information technology, or IT, to provide the requisite level of service to the enterprise. These traditional approaches provide the ability to monitor, record, and alert on basic health and status metrics of the individual elements that constitute the service delivery infrastructure. However, traditional approaches fall short for two fundamental reasons: the information that is gathered is insufficiently fine-grained; and there is an absence of the analytical tools needed to combine and correlate the many sources of information to deliver actionable information.
OPNET differentiates itself from other providers of application and network performance management by offering solutions that directly tackle the challenges that have emerged in IT service management. Central to OPNET’s approach is its “High Definition” blueprint for APM, which describes both technology architecture and go-to-market strategy, highlighting differentiating characteristics of OPNET’s approach. OPNET’s High Definition APM offerings embody the critical attributes of an effective APM solution, and are characterized by the following:
| • | Breadth: Applications are implemented across many functional domains in the IT infrastructure. All of these domains affect application performance. An APM solution with breadth provides visibility into all or most of these areas. |
| • | Depth: The nature of the collected data is also a key determinant of APM functional scope. Depth is the “high resolution” part of High Definition. It means that the collected information is rich enough to characterize problems, uncover behavioral patterns, and isolate the root cause of performance issues. OPNET’s APM approach emphasizes a combined analysis of two types of data: performance data and forensic data. Performance data consists of metrics recorded over time; this data is also frequently aggregated over regular time intervals. Forensic data digs deeper into the inner workings of transactions as they proceed through the infrastructure. Forensic information includes code level traces, such as method calls and their parameters; detailed resource tracking, such as memory allocations; and deep packet inspection of network traffic. |
| • | Analytics: Breadth and depth multiply to yield a challenge: vast quantities of data. Putting that data to work to solve problems requires advanced tools. OPNET calls these tools “Analytics”: an array of algorithms and techniques for extracting useful information from data collected by the APM instrumentation. OPNET has been a pioneer in introducing advanced, yet practical, analytics in APM solutions. |
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| • | Integration: To address each of the domains of an application requires specialized tools. These tools, by their nature, have different workflows and manipulate different types of information. However, using the tools in a coordinated fashion delivers support and efficiency to APM users. OPNET’s integrated solution suite provides workflows that transition between domains contextually, as well as true correlation and data fusion. |
| • | Low overhead: All of these capabilities become impractical to deploy if they impose overhead that noticeably degrades application performance. OPNET has specialized in developing zero-overhead passive monitoring and low-overhead agent-based technologies to collect data for its APM solutions. All of OPNET’s APM solutions are designed for production environments. |
We believe our software products appeal to a broad customer base, including corporate enterprises, government and defense agencies, network service providers, and network equipment manufacturers, empowering them to make better use of resources, rapidly troubleshoot operational problems, and improve competitiveness.
We market focused software products for each of our target markets. We sell our products to both Fortune 1000 and mid-size companies. Some examples of our customers include:
| • | Corporate enterprises, such as Amgen, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, BNP Paribas, Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, CIBC World Markets Canada, Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, eBay, GameStop, GlaxoSmithKline, Healthcare Partners, Hyundai Securities, infoUSA, JMC Steel, Jostens, Kuwait International Bank, Major League Baseball, McAfee, National Collegiate Athletic Association, Omnicom Media Group, Philadelphia Stock Exchange, Red Hat, the Salvation Army, Spectra Energy, and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital; |
| • | Government agencies, such as Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), the Belgian Ministry of Justice, Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund, China Customs General Administration, Florida Department of Children and Families, the Federal Communications Commission, the Internal Revenue Service, the Minnesota Department of Transportation, the State of Missouri, Radio France Internationale, the United States Department of Defense, and the United States Department of Homeland Security; |
| • | Service providers, such as Asia Pacific Telecom Group, British Telecom, France Telecom, Cox Communications, NTT, Telus, and WilTel; and |
| • | Network equipment manufacturers, such as Cisco Systems, Ericsson, Research in Motion, Samsung, and Shanghai XinWei Electronic Equipment. |
Industry Background
Growth and Increased Complexity of Networks and Dependence on Applications
Organizations rely on enterprise software applications and networks to successfully execute their strategies. The increasing use of applications, such as enterprise resource planning, business intelligence, corporate intranets, e-mail, web meetings, virtualization, portals, web services, voice over IP, wireless, and streaming multimedia has resulted in significant growth in underlying network and application infrastructures. In addition, the proliferation and widespread adoption of the Internet and web services architectures have expanded the role of networks beyond organizational boundaries.
Enterprises and service providers must now manage the convergence of voice, data, and video traffic over traditional, wireless, and optical architectures by integrating numerous existing and emerging technologies. The complexity is exacerbated by the current corporate regulatory environment, which requires improved management processes and documentation. As a result of these factors, businesses and government entities are forced to confront significant challenges related to the cost, risk, and performance of IT.
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IT infrastructures are sophisticated, dynamic systems that evolve on a daily basis. Applications are typically distributed across many clients, servers, and network segments. New and enhanced business applications are regularly being deployed and re-deployed. The geographic distribution of users relative to IT services shifts due to the consolidation of organizations and resources. Traffic levels exhibit steady growth, necessitating constant evaluation of and improvements to the underlying network infrastructure in order to maintain business and application performance. However, due to the dependencies among network, server, and application configurations, it is very difficult for IT professionals to identify the true root cause of performance problems when they occur. The data required to diagnose problems is often difficult to obtain, and processes for analyzing this data are often manual and time consuming, requiring significant experience and expertise. When an end-user experiences performance problems with an important business application, the challenge facing a typical IT manager is to determine: whether there is enough bandwidth available; whether the database server has enough capacity; whether network routing protocols are tuned properly; whether protocols on the client and server are likewise tuned properly; and whether the application was designed and implemented efficiently with end-user performance in mind.
Within this rapidly evolving, complex environment, traditional approaches to managing the performance of IT services are no longer sufficient to empower IT to provide the requisite level of service to the enterprise. These traditional approaches provide the ability to monitor, record, and alert on basic health and status metrics of the individual elements that constitute the service delivery infrastructure. However, these traditional approaches fall short for two fundamental reasons: the information that is gathered is insufficiently fine-grained; and there is an absence of analytical tools needed to combine and correlate the many sources of information to deliver actionable information.
Without a clear understanding of the source of problems and the specific changes required to solve them, IT managers resort to uninformed decision-making that often results in wasteful spending on unnecessary and ineffective server and network upgrades. IT professionals need software products that enable them to focus their time and resources in the right places when problems occur in distributed enterprise applications, and to maximize the use of existing infrastructure. Further, since modifications to infrastructure have the potential to cause service level degradation or even network failures, there is a growing need to plan and implement network changes in a controlled manner, taking into account the potential consequences of each action.
Market Opportunity for OPNET Software Products
Organizations need application and network management software products that possess the analytics required to overcome the limitations of traditional tools for rapidly detecting and resolving complex problems and proactively preventing problems from occurring. OPNET software products are focused on these areas. Our software products have embedded knowledge and operational understanding of applications, networks, and systems for quickly troubleshooting problems and automatically predicting the impact of changes. We believe business executives and IT professionals require software products like ours to:
| • | ensure fast response times for mission critical applications, including customer-facing web-based applications; |
| • | reduce down time of mission critical applications; |
| • | reduce operating and capital costs; |
| • | increase business productivity; and |
| • | manage risk, enabling faster deployment of critical, IT-dependent strategic business initiatives. |
We believe the value proposition from OPNET software products apply to a broad range of potential customers including:
| • | large and medium-sized enterprises that rely on IT to conduct business; |
| • | government/defense agencies; |
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| • | service providers, including telecommunications carriers, internet service providers, or ISPs, and managed service providers, or MSPs; and |
| • | network equipment manufacturers. |
Enterprises require analytics for more effectively identifying the root causes of application performance problems, ensuring the successful deployment of new applications, auditing device configurations for security and policy compliance, validating changes, and performing critical operational and strategic planning functions.
Government and defense agencies have needs similar to those of enterprises, service providers, and network equipment manufacturers. These agencies also sometimes require specialized services to support large projects that incorporate OPNET’s technology. United States government customers, including the Department of Defense, utilize our software and professional services to take advantage of our extensive expertise and intellectual property in applications, networking, and protocols. For the Department of Defense, our software products and related services are used for both application and network performance management, as well as for analyzing and developing communications technologies for network-centric transformational programs. Our ability to model and simulate end-to-end application and network performance is valuable in determining the impact of tactical or strategic changes to networks, planning for contingencies, and evaluating the impact of new network technologies and protocols. In addition, our software products are scalable and address large, complex military systems and networks, such as mobile networks, with a variety of operationally proven, advanced predictive performance techniques.
Service providers require analytics for optimizing their investments in network infrastructure, more effectively troubleshooting network issues, ensuring network configuration integrity and security, planning for services based on new technologies including wireless and optical, and making better use of network resources to increase competitiveness.
Network equipment manufacturers require advanced modeling and simulation software products for accelerating network research and development, reducing time-to-market for new technologies, developing custom network design and analysis software, and for reducing sales cycles for sophisticated technology products.
OPNET Software Products
Our software products use a variety of advanced technologies to support the analysis of application, network, and server performance under a wide range of current and planned or modeled operating conditions. Many OPNET software products share a significant amount of core software based on an open architecture. Our software architecture enables us to create new software more efficiently, to foster interoperability of our software products, and to provide interfaces to a wide range of external data sources including third party management tools and network topology, traffic, and configuration information. We also deliver extensive cross-product integration, to enable our users to realize added value when products are deployed together.
The following sections summarize the OPNET software product portfolio by target market:
Primary Target Market: Enterprise IT (Corporate and Government/Defense)
| • | AppCapacity Xpert, formerly called IT Guru Systems Planner, was introduced in December 2006. It provides capacity planning for servers, including planning for migration from physical-to-virtual server environments. |
| • | AppInternals Xpert was first introduced in December 2004. AppInternals Xpert delves into the complex software frameworks and operating systems of modern servers to extract large amounts of performance and forensic data to support all aspects of APM from the server perspective. AppInternals Xpert can provide analysis for any type of application, but particularly excels in Java and .NET environments. It continuously monitors thousands of system and application metrics and automatically detects and ranks performance and behavior anomalies. Its patented correlation technology |
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| automatically reveals relationships among metrics, highlighting the corresponding causal connections between components, resources, and code-level behavior in order to perform root cause analysis. It can assemble a complete picture of a transaction’s path across tiers for near real-time and historical analysis. AppInternals Xpert uses patented technology to automatically provide deep instrumentation in application code with very low overhead. |
| • | AppMapper Xpert was introduced in January 2011. AppMapper Xpert automatically produces run-time application maps, identifying the underlying application components and infrastructure components that enable a production application. This dynamic model of the application, captured at the time of execution, is essential for troubleshooting application performance problems. It also provides critical information to improve a host of other operational workflows, such as configuration and change management, and datacenter virtualization and consolidation. AppMapper Xpert provides visibility into the interaction between applications and the underlying infrastructure, enabling IT organizations to effectively assess and respond to events and conditions that affect application service levels. |
| • | AppResponse Xpert, previously called Ace Live, was introduced in December 2007. AppResponse Xpert is an appliance-based solution that continuously monitors and analyzes end-user experience for all users and transactions. The solution also supports in-depth monitoring and analysis of the underlying network, a domain that is vital to comprehensive APM. AppResponse Xpert leverages the central role of the network in transporting transaction data to obtain vital information about relationships among clients and servers, and also among server tiers. This information is useful for performance analysis and troubleshooting in AppResponse Xpert and also for application discovery and dependency mapping functions performed by AppMapper Xpert. On-board analytics extract transactions from application flows and break down application response time, identifying which parts of the infrastructure are contributing most to delays. Add-on modules provide analytics for Citrix-hosted applications, database transactions, voice over IP, or VOIP, and NetFlow. |
| • | AppSQL Xpert was introduced in September 2010. AppSQL Xpert provides deep visibility into database performance through real-time monitoring of a broad range of metrics, with drilldowns to fine-grained forensic database transaction data for troubleshooting. It performs detailed tracking of database usage for trending and performance optimization. It also detects database policy violations, such as unauthorized access and suspicious usage patterns. AppSQL Xpert provides analysis of database performance while offering an agentless approach that imposes zero overhead on database operation. |
| • | AppSensor Xpert was introduced as APM Element Insight in June 2010. AppSensor Xpert uses remote instrumentation interfaces, such as SNMP to capture performance information from infrastructure components which may otherwise be difficult to access, including servers, application components, network devices, and vendor-specific management systems. AppSensor Xpert supplies this data, on both a historical and real-time basis, to the rest of OPNET’s APM solution suite for a more complete picture of end-to-end application performance. |
| • | AppTransaction Xpert, formerly called ACE Analyst, was first introduced in May 2000. AppTransaction Xpert is a powerful tool for detailed analysis of individual transactions. In today’s complex application architectures, a single transaction can involve many tiers and require thousands of messages to traverse the network. This solution, which processes and merges traces taken in the production environment, makes extensive use of visualization and analytics to accelerate troubleshooting in production, as well as pre-deployment testing and prediction. In production, the combination of AppResponse Xpert and AppTransaction Xpert provides a seamless workflow that spans monitoring, alerting, triage, root cause diagnosis, and remediation guidance. In pre-deployment, AppTransaction Xpert is our solution for application network readiness testing. |
| • | IT Guru Network Planner was first introduced in August 1998 as IT Guru. IT Guru Network Planner provides predictive network capacity planning and design optimization, as well as validation of network configuration changes. |
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| • | IT Sentinel was first introduced in August 2004. IT Sentinel provides automatic and continuous network configuration integrity and security auditing, and proactive change validation. |
| • | nCompass for Enterprises was first introduced in September 2003 as NETCOP. It provides enterprises with centralized, real-time visibility of network topology, traffic, and status in a single, integrated view. nCompass for Enterprises provides a unified view to quickly recognize the impact of network events, and assisted troubleshooting to rapidly resolve problems. |
| • | VNE Server was first introduced in June 2002. VNE Server, or Virtual Network Environment Server, automatically maintains a detailed, near real-time data model of the production IT network. VNE Server includes a suite of adapters that obtain topology, traffic, and other information from network devices as well as a broad range of third-party data sources. VNE Server automates the data collection process for other OPNET products, including IT Guru Network Planner and SP Guru Network Planner. VNE Server capabilities are included in IT Sentinel and SP Sentinel. |
Primary Target Market: Network Service Providers (both Commercial and Government/Defense)
| • | SP Guru Network Planner was first introduced in June 2001. SP Guru Network Planner is built on the IT Guru Network Planner product, and contains analytics that are valuable to service providers for planning, network design optimization, and validation of configuration changes. SP Guru Network Planner includes modeling and analysis technologies for IP, MPLS, and ATM networks, and when combined with SP Guru Transport Planner, provides a single environment for network-level and optical transport-level analysis. |
| • | SP Guru Transport Planner, formerly WDM Guru, was first introduced in December 2001. SP Guru Transport Planner is an optical network-planning product for designing resilient, cost-efficient optical networks. SP Guru Transport Planner is also sold to network equipment manufacturers. |
| • | nCompass for Service Providers was first introduced in September 2003 as NETCOP. nCompass for Service Providers provides centralized, real-time visibility of network topology, traffic, and status in a single, integrated view. nCompass for Service Providers provides a unified view to quickly recognize the impact of network events, and assisted troubleshooting to rapidly resolve problems. |
| • | SP Sentinel was first introduced in August 2004. SP Sentinel provides automated and continuous network configuration integrity and security auditing for service providers, and proactive change validation. |
| • | AppResponse Xpert is used by service providers who deliver managed network and data center services to enterprises to ensure application performance. |
Primary Target Market: Network R&D Organizations (Defense and Equipment Manufacturers)
| • | OPNET Modeler was OPNET’s first product, introduced in 1987. OPNET Modeler is a network modeling and simulation product. It enables users to evaluate how networking equipment, communications technologies, systems, and protocols will perform under simulated network conditions. |
| • | Modeler Wireless Suite is based on OPNET Modeler, and incorporates additional functionality germane to wireless network R&D organizations. |
| • | Modeler Wireless Suite for Defense is based on OPNET Modeler, and incorporates additional functionality that supports unique network R&D undertaken by the defense community. |
OPNET Modules
We develop and sell a variety of software modules that provide additional functions to our application and network management software products.
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OPNET Model Libraries
The model libraries are used by OPNET software to simulate and analyze major networking technologies and communication protocols. These libraries provide the building blocks used to generate models of networks. A network model consists of software objects that correspond to the devices, computers, and links that constitute the actual network of interest. The behavior of these objects is controlled by models of devices, computers, applications, communication protocols, and links. IT Guru Network Planner, IT Guru Systems Planner, nCompass for Enterprises, IT Sentinel, SP Guru Network Planner, nCompass for Service Providers, SP Sentinel, and OPNET Modeler include extensive libraries of popular and emerging networking technologies and communication protocols, such as TCP/IP, hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, open shortest path first routing, or OSPF, asynchronous transfer mode, or ATM, frame relay, IP-QoS, 802.11, or Wi-Fi, and 802.16, or WiMAX. Some of our model libraries are included in our base products and others are available for an additional fee as modules.
Our product agreements provide our customers with perpetual and term licenses for use by a specified number of concurrent users or for use by an unlimited number of concurrent users.
Customers
For fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 we generated 23.8%, 25.9%, and 22.5%, respectively, of our total revenue from customers located outside the United States. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011 or 2010. Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements presents information regarding revenue generated in the United States and internationally.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from sales directly or indirectly to United States government agencies. For fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010, revenue from transactions with United States government agencies was approximately 29.5%, 32.5%, and 39.9%, respectively, of our total revenue. Government sales are subject to a variety of risks, including appropriation of funds by the United States Congress, termination for convenience, contract renegotiations/extensions and a decline in government spending.
Sales and Marketing
We sell our software products and related services through our direct sales force, our international subsidiaries, alliances with third parties called the SYNERGY program, third-party distributors, and value-added resellers, or VARs. In North America, our direct sales force accounts for the majority of our sales. As of March 31, 2012, our sales and marketing teams consisted of 202 employees, including 103 quota-carrying and inside salespersons located in our headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland and our domestic offices in Cary, North Carolina; Dallas, Texas; Nashua, New Hampshire; and Santa Clara, California; our overseas subsidiaries in Paris, France; Slough, United Kingdom; Frankfurt, Germany; Ghent, Belgium; Singapore, and Milton Australia; and our branch office in Beijing, China.
Our international sales activities are also supported by 95 VARs that offer our products in Australia, Austria, Brazil, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Our marketing division works internally with our engineering and sales teams to develop customer value propositions and product messages, and externally with various third parties to develop brand awareness and leads for sales. Our external marketing activities are aimed at existing customers, new customer prospects, the media, and industry analysts. These include:
| • | participation in industry tradeshows; |
| • | technology seminars and user group meetings; |
| • | advertisements in trade journals and online; |
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| • | direct mailings; |
| • | product collateral development and maintaining OPNET’s website; |
| • | free software for academic use at universities; |
| • | specialized product sales support; |
| • | specialized sales support with OPNET resellers; |
| • | briefings with industry analysts; and |
| • | a variety of public relations activities. |
For fourteen of the past fifteen years, we have sponsored OPNETWORK, an international technology conference convened in Washington, D.C. that focuses on application and network performance management for professionals in all areas of networking and information technology. OPNETWORK 2011, which was held in August 2011, included approximately 600 hours of classes, labs, and panels led by OPNET employees and outside experts. Not including OPNET employees, more than 1,300 IT and engineering professionals participated in the conference. We did not hold the event in 2009 due to travel restrictions imposed on many of our users in response to the economic climate. We intend to hold OPNETWORK again in August 2012.
Service and Support
Our service and support offerings include:
| • | consulting services; |
| • | product updates, technical support and services, which includes product updates and training services on a when-and-if available basis for customers with current maintenance agreements, and technical support by telephone, e-mail or fax; and |
| • | training for customers without current maintenance agreements, which includes courses that enable our customers to more effectively use our products. |
We offer consulting services to assist our clients, facilitate the adoption of our software products, and to provide installation services for our product offerings. Installation services are performed by our consulting staff, which consists of software development engineers, quality assurance engineers, technical documentation specialists, and project managers. Some customers also choose to engage our consulting services for troubleshooting application performance problems, network planning, network design, communication protocol design and customization services. As of March 31, 2012, our consulting staff consisted of 93 employees.
Our customers may purchase product updates, technical support and services, all of which except technical support are provided on a when-and-if available basis under our maintenance agreement. Payments for product updates, technical support and services, whether on an initial order or on a renewal order, are generally made in advance and are nonrefundable.
Product updates consist of the right to unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis and customers typically purchase this right in connection with the initial product purchase. Product updates, technical support and services may be renewed upon expiration of each contract term purchased, which is generally one year. Customers can purchase product updates separately from technical support and services. Customers purchasing technical support are still required to purchase periodic unspecified product updates.
We provide customer support from our support center at our headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, as well as from support staff in France, the United Kingdom and Singapore. We have designed and implemented a comprehensive information system to ensure that customer inquiries are addressed promptly, tracked until fully
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resolved, and recorded for future reference. Reports on the overall responsiveness of the technical support infrastructure, and the status of pending customer inquiries, are provided regularly to our technical support staff, technical support management, and executive management.
We have a core team of 21 technical support staff supplemented by a limited number of product developers and consultants who perform technical support on a rotational basis. We believe this staffing approach maximizes the access customers have to the best available product expertise, while providing product developers with direct customer feedback, which in turn helps us improve our software products.
We regularly offer training courses to our customers to assist them in maximizing the benefit they receive from using our products. Our training classes cover a broad range of topics. Training classes are offered at our headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, our facilities in Santa Clara, California; Cary, North Carolina; Paris, France; and Slough, United Kingdom; and at our customers’ locations under separate contracts. As of March 31, 2012, our full-time training staff consisted of 6 employees.
Research and Development
We believe that our ability to enhance our current software products and create new software products in response to the needs of our customer base is an important factor for our future success. Accordingly, we intend to continue to commit significant resources to product research and development. We expect to accomplish a large part of our software product improvements and new software product development through internal development efforts. New capabilities may also be integrated into our product lines through the acquisition of technologies or businesses, or the licensing of externally developed technologies.
Our total research and development expense for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was approximately $37.8 million, $34.7 million, and $32.0 million, respectively. Our research and development efforts to date have been conducted at our offices in Bethesda, Maryland; Cary, North Carolina; Nashua, New Hampshire; Santa Clara, California; and Ghent, Belgium. All related costs have been expensed as incurred. As of March 31, 2012, our research and development staff consisted of 228 engineers and technical professionals.
Our research and development efforts are directed at increasing our revenue by expanding the scope of our software products and service offerings to address additional customer requirements. Our existing customers provide a meaningful source of information regarding customer requirements, which we use in order to guide our future research and development activities. In addition, we invest in third-party research and analysis of trends in our industry and our product markets in an effort to proactively reflect these trends in our future software products.
Competition
The market for our software products and related services is evolving rapidly and is highly competitive. We believe that this market is likely to become more competitive as the demand for intelligent application and network management software products continues to increase. Although we believe that none of our competitors offer software products that are identical to ours, we are subject to current and potential competition from:
| • | software and hardware vendors with application and network performance management offerings, such as CA Technologies, Hewlett-Packard, Compuware Corporation, IBM Tivoli, NetScout Systems, and Quest Software; |
| • | consultants who offer advisory services related to application and network performance management; and |
| • | customers who develop their own application and network management capabilities, either internally or through outsourcing. |
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Also, it is possible that other vendors as well as some of our customers or distributors may develop and market competitive products in the future. Many of our current and potential competitors are larger and have substantially greater financial and technical resources than we do. We believe the principal competitive factors affecting the market for our software products and related services are the following:
| • | scope, quality, and cost-effectiveness of application and network management software products; |
| • | industry knowledge and expertise embedded in the software; |
| • | the interoperability of software products with existing network management software products; |
| • | product performance, accuracy, technical features, ease of use, and price; |
| • | customer service and support; |
| • | consultants who offer advisory services related to application and network performance management; and |
| • | customers who develop their own application and network management capabilities, either internally or through outsourcing. |
Intellectual Property
Because of the rapid pace of change in our industry, we believe that intellectual property protection for our products and the knowledge, abilities, and experience of our employees will be significant factors for our future success. Accordingly, we rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, patent, and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements, and contractual provisions to protect our intellectual property. Some of these measures are described in more detail below. Additionally, in certain parts of the world where the laws provide more limited protection than those in the United States, we employ additional risk management strategies to safeguard our intellectual property assets.
We currently hold numerous registered and unregistered trademarks in the United States and abroad. In the United States, we have registered most of our primary marks, including OPNET, OPNETWORK, AppSQL Xpert, IT Guru, IT Sentinel, Netbiz, NetMapper, OPNET Modeler, Quick Predict, SP Guru, SP Sentinel, VNE Server, OPNET Panorama, and OPNET nCompass. Additionally, we have pending applications in the United States for many other marks including AppCapacity Xpert, AppInternals Xpert, AppResponse Xpert, AppTransaction Xpert, AppNetwork Path, AppSensor Xpert, BTM Xpert, AppMapper Xpert, APP911, CX-Tracer and NetOne. Several marks are also registered in various foreign counties. For example, the OPNET mark is registered in Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Peoples Republic of China, Taiwan, Spain and the United Kingdom. We expect to add new marks to our trademark portfolio and maintain our current portfolio commensurate with the continued use of existing registered and unregistered marks, especially our house mark OPNET. Other trademarks or service marks appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the property of their respective holders.
In addition, we have 61 patents granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and these patents will expire at various times between 2018 and 2030. We also have 64 pending United States patent applications that, if granted, would expire approximately 20 years from their respective filing dates. Eight of these are provisional patent applications for which we expect to pursue non-provisional applications within the next year. With regard to foreign patent protection, we have two patents granted by the European Patent Office and seven pending European patent applications. Additionally, we plan on pursuing at least one more European patent application within the next year.
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Executive Officers of the Registrant
Our executive officers, and their ages as of June 8, 2012, are as follows:
| Name |
Age | Position | ||||
| Marc A. Cohen |
48 | Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
| Alain J. Cohen |
45 | President, Chief Technology Officer and Director | ||||
| Mel F. Wesley |
40 | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Set forth below is information regarding the professional experience for each of our executive officers. These executive officers were elected to serve until their successors have been elected. Marc A. Cohen and Alain J. Cohen are brothers. There is no other family relationship between any of our other executive officers or between any of these officers and any of our directors.
Marc A. Cohen, one of our founders, has served as our Chairman of the Board since our inception in 1986 and as our Chief Executive Officer since 1994. From 1986 to 1992, Mr. Cohen was also a consultant with Booz Allen Hamilton Inc., or Booz Allen, an international management and consulting company. Mr. Cohen received a bachelor’s degree in engineering science from Harvard University and a master’s degree in electrical engineering from Stanford University. Mr. Cohen also serves as a Trustee and as a member of the Board of Directors of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts.
Alain J. Cohen, one of our founders, has served as our President and Chief Technology Officer and as a member of our Board of Directors since our inception in 1986. Mr. Cohen received a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or M.I.T.
Mel F. Wesley has served as our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since July 2005 and became a Senior Vice President in November 2011. Mr. Wesley served as our Acting Chief Financial Officer from December 2004 to July 2005 and as our Corporate Controller from June to December 2004. From August 2003 to June 2004, Mr. Wesley served as Corporate Controller for SteelCloud, Inc., a publicly traded corporation that provides design, development and manufacturing of network appliances and infrastructure server products. From October 2000 to August 2003, Mr. Wesley served as an Assistant Controller for Learning Tree International, Inc., a publicly traded corporation that provides training to information technology professionals and managers. Mr. Wesley received a bachelor’s degree in accounting and a master of business administration from George Mason University. Mr. Wesley is also licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in Virginia.
Employees
As of March 31, 2012, we had 618 full-time employees, 552 of whom were located in the United States. The 618 full-time employees included 202 in sales and marketing, 99 in professional services and support, 254 in engineering, research and development, and 63 in general and administrative functions. Our employees are not represented by a collective bargaining agreement and we consider our relations with our employees to be good.
Corporate Information
We are a Delaware corporation that was incorporated in November 1988, our principal executive office is located at 7255 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-7900 and our telephone number is (240) 497-3000. Our website address is www.opnet.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should not be considered to be a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our website address is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as an inactive textual reference only.
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Availability of SEC Reports
Our website address is www.opnet.com. We make available free of charge on our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish such material to, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.
We file our reports with the SEC electronically via the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system, or EDGAR. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding companies that file electronically with the SEC via EDGAR. The address of this website is www.sec.gov.
Any reports, statements or other information that we file with the SEC may be read or copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of these documents can be requested upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1 (800) SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. Upon request, we make available free of charge, electronic or paper copies of any reports, statements or other information that we file with the SEC.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
On May 4, 2004 we adopted a code of business conduct and ethics for all directors, officers, and employees pursuant to Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at www.opnet.com. Suspected violations of this Code may be reported on a confidential or anonymous basis by facsimile or by e-mail to our General Counsel and to the Chairman of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. We intend to disclose any amendment to, and any waiver from, any provision of this Code that applies to any director, the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, or any other executive officer and that relates to any element of this Code enumerated in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K, on Form 8-K.
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| ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
The following important factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. You should consider carefully the following information before making an investment in our securities.
Our reliance on a limited number of vendors for the hardware used to deliver our AppResponse Xpert software product could harm our business by adversely affecting product availability, delivery, reliability and cost.
We maintain a limited number of suppliers for the hardware we sell together with our AppResponse Xpert software product. This hardware is used at the customer site to deliver the software and is a critical component of our customers’ ability to deploy the software. If the supply of these hardware components is delayed or curtailed, we may not be able to sell the AppResponse Xpert product in desired quantities and in a timely manner.
In October 2011, several regions of Thailand experienced severe flooding causing damage to factories that supply hard disk drives, and the damage to these factories has significantly affected the general availability of hard disk drives. AppResponse Xpert utilizes hard disk drives. Shortages of hard disk drives have caused prices on the disk drives to significantly increase and it is possible that continued shortages could have a material negative impact on our cost of revenue and gross margins related to AppResponse Xpert, and our overall cost of revenue, gross margin, and profitability. Shortages may also compromise our ability to meet customer demand for our AppResponse Xpert products, which could hurt our revenue and profitability.
General instability in the economy, including concerns regarding the after-effects of the global recession, or unfavorable economic conditions in a particular region, business or industry sector, may cause our customers to postpone or forego technology investments and could have other impacts, any of which could hurt our business, financial results and cash flow.
Our products are designed to enhance our customers’ ability to manage their applications and networks. However, general instability in the economy, including concerns regarding the after-effects of the global recession, or a general slowdown in the global economy, or in a particular region, or business or industry sector, such as the financial services sector, or tightening of credit markets, could cause our customers to:
| • | have difficulty accessing credit sources; |
| • | delay contractual payments; or |
| • | postpone or forego decisions to purchase our products and services, or maintain them at originally purchased levels. |
The global economy appears to be recovering from a severe recession, which hurt our product and services revenue in fiscal 2011, fiscal 2010, and fiscal 2009. Despite what appears to be a trend toward recovery, we cannot provide any assurance that instability in the global economy will end or not become more severe. The longer this global economic instability persists, the greater the probability that these factors could hurt our business, financial results and cash flow.
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Our operating results may fluctuate significantly as a result of factors outside of our control, including current economic conditions, which could cause the market price of our stock to decline.
Our operating results have fluctuated in the past, and are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future. Our financial results may as a consequence fall short of our expectations and the expectations of public market analysts or investors, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline. Our revenue and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. Factors that could affect our operating results include:
| • | general economic conditions, which can affect our customers’ purchasing decisions, the length of our sales cycle, and our customers’ ability to pay us on time, if at all; |
| • | the timing of large orders; |
| • | changes in the proportion of software arrangements requiring contract accounting; |
| • | changes in the mix of our sales, including the mix between higher margin software products and maintenance and lower margin professional services, and the proportion of our product sales requiring us to make royalty payments; |
| • | the timing and amount of our marketing, sales, and product development expenses; |
| • | the cost and time required to develop new software products; |
| • | the introduction, timing, and market acceptance of new products introduced by us or our competitors; |
| • | changes in network technology or in applications, which could require us to modify our products or develop new products; |
| • | changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors; and |
| • | the timing and size of potential acquisitions by us. |
We expect to make significant expenditures in all areas of our business, particularly sales and marketing and research and development operations, in order to promote future growth. Because the expenses associated with these activities are relatively fixed in the short term, we may be unable to adjust spending quickly enough to offset any unexpected shortfall in revenue growth or any decrease in revenue levels. In addition, our revenue in any quarter depends substantially on orders we receive and ship in that quarter. We typically receive a significant portion of orders in any quarter during the last month of the quarter, and we cannot predict whether those orders will be placed and shipped in that period. If we have lower revenue than we expect, we may not be able to respond quickly enough to reduce our operating expenses. Therefore, any significant shortfall in revenue or delay of customer orders could have an immediate adverse impact on our operating results in that quarter.
For all of these reasons, quarterly comparisons of our financial results are not necessarily meaningful, and you should not rely on them as an indication of our future performance.
If we do not successfully expand our sales force, we may be unable to increase our sales.
We sell our products primarily through our direct sales force, and we must expand the size of our direct sales force to increase revenue. If we are unable to hire or retain qualified sales personnel, if newly hired personnel fail to develop the necessary skills to be productive, or if they reach productivity more slowly than anticipated, our ability to increase our revenue and grow our business could be compromised. Our sales people require a long period of time to become productive, typically three to nine months. The time required to reach productivity, as well as the challenge of attracting, training, and retaining qualified candidates, may make it difficult to expand our direct sales force. Further, we may not generate sufficient sales to offset the increased expense resulting from growing our direct sales force, or we may be unable to manage a larger direct sales force.
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The market for intelligent application and network performance management software is evolving, and if this market does not develop as anticipated, our revenue could decline.
We derive all of our revenue from the sale of products and services that are designed to allow our customers to manage the performance of applications and networks. Accordingly, if the market for intelligent application and network performance management software does not continue to grow, we could face declining revenue, which could ultimately lead to our becoming unprofitable. The market for intelligent application and network performance management software products is evolving. Therefore, we cannot accurately assess the size of the market and may be unable to identify an effective distribution strategy, the competitive environment that will develop, and the appropriate features and prices for products to address the market. If we are to be successful, our current and potential customers must recognize the value of intelligent application and network performance management software products, decide to invest in the management of their applications and networks, and, in particular, adopt and continue to use our software products.
Our customers are primarily in four target groups and our operating results may be adversely affected by changes in one or more of these groups.
Our software products and related services are designed to meet the needs of enterprises, United States government agencies, service providers, and network equipment manufacturers, and we market our software products and related services to those four customer groups. Consequently, our financial results depend, in significant part, upon the economic conditions of enterprises, United States government agencies, service providers, and network equipment manufacturers. An economic downturn or adverse change in the regulatory environment or business prospects for one or more of these customer groups may decrease our revenue or lower our growth rate.
A decline in information technology spending may result in a decrease in our revenue or lower our growth rate.
A decline in the demand for information technology among our current and prospective customers may result in decreased revenue or a lower growth rate for us because our sales depend, in part, on our customers’ budgets for new or additional information technology systems and services. A continued economic downturn may cause our customers to reduce or eliminate information technology spending and force us to lower prices of our software products and related services, which would substantially reduce the number of software products we sell and the average sales price for these products. Accordingly, we cannot be certain that we will be able to increase or maintain our revenue.
Our sales to United States government agencies subject us to special risks that could adversely affect our business.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenue from sales directly or indirectly to United States government agencies. Transactions with United States government agencies accounted for approximately 29.5%, 32.5%, and 39.9% of our total revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Government sales entail a variety of risks including:
| • | Government contracts are subject to the approval of appropriations by the United States Congress to fund the expenditures by the agencies under these contracts. Congress often appropriates funds for government agencies on a yearly basis, even though their contracts may call for performance over a number of years. |
| • | A significant decline in government expenditures generally, or a shift in budget priorities away from agencies or programs that we support, could cause a material decline in our government business. In particular, a decline in government spending on information technology or related services could hurt our government business. |
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| • | A portion of our products and services are included on a General Services Administration, or GSA schedule. We believe that the GSA schedule facilitates our sales to United States government agencies. The loss of the GSA schedule covering our products and services could adversely affect our results of operations. |
| • | We must comply with complex federal procurement laws and regulations in connection with government contracts, which may impose added costs on our business. |
| • | Some of our government business requires that we maintain facility security clearances, and requires some of our employees to maintain individual security clearances. If we were to lose these clearances, our government business might decline. |
| • | The federal government audits and reviews the performance of federal contractors on contracts, pricing practices, cost structure, and compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards. An audit of our work could result in a finding that we overcharged the government, which could result in an adjustment to our previously reported operating results. If a government audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines, and suspension or debarment from doing business with United States federal government agencies. |
| • | Many of our government contracts are firm fixed-price contracts. To the extent that the assumptions we have used in pricing these contracts prove inaccurate, we could incur and accrue losses on contracts, which would adversely affect our operating results. |
| • | A portion of our sales to the United States government are made indirectly as a subcontractor to another government contractor, referred to as the prime contractor, who has the direct relationship with the government. We also team with prime contractors to bid on competitive government opportunities for which we hope to serve as a subcontractor. If prime contractors lose existing business on which we serve as a subcontractor, or fail to win the competitive bids on which we team with them, our government business would be hurt. |
| • | We could face expense and delay if any of our competitors, or competitors of the prime contractors to which we serve as a subcontractor, protest or challenge contract awards made to us or to our prime contractors pursuant to competitive bidding. |
| • | Federal government contracts contain provisions and are subject to laws and regulations that provide government clients with rights and remedies not typically found in commercial contracts. These rights and remedies allow government clients, among other things, to terminate existing contracts, with short notice, for convenience without cause; reduce or modify contracts or subcontracts; and claim rights in products, systems, and technology produced by us. |
Our lengthy and variable sales cycle makes it difficult to predict operating results.
It is difficult for us to forecast the timing and recognition of revenue from sales of our products because prospective customers often take significant time evaluating our products before purchasing them. The period between initial customer contact and a purchase by a customer may vary from one month to more than a year. During the sales process, the customer may decide not to purchase or may reduce proposed orders of our products for various reasons, including changes in budgets and purchasing priorities. Our prospective customers routinely require education regarding the use and benefit of our products. This may also lead to delays in receiving customers’ orders.
Our ability to increase our sales may be impaired if we do not expand and manage our indirect sales channels.
To increase our sales, we must, among other things, further expand and manage our indirect sales channels, which consist of alliances with third parties called the SYNERGY program, third-party distributors, and value-added resellers, or VARs. If we are unable to expand and manage our relationships with our indirect distributors,
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our indirect distributors are unable or unwilling to market and sell our products effectively, or we lose existing indirect distributor relationships, we might not be able to increase our revenue. Our indirect distributors have no obligation to market or purchase our products. In addition, they could partner with our competitors, bundle or resell competitors’ products, or internally develop products that compete with our products.
We may not be able to successfully manage our expanding operations, which could impair our ability to operate profitably.
We may be unable to operate our business profitably if we fail to manage our growth. Our growth has sometimes strained, and may in the future continue to strain, our managerial, administrative, operational, and financial resources and controls. We plan to continue to expand our operations and increase the number of our full-time employees. Our ability to manage growth may depend in part on our ability to continue to enhance our operating, financial, and management information systems. Our personnel, systems, and controls may not be adequate to support our growth. In addition, our revenue may not continue to grow at a sufficient rate to absorb the costs associated with a larger overall employee base.
If we are unable to introduce new and enhanced products on a timely basis that respond effectively to changing technology, our revenue may decline.
Our market is characterized by rapid technological change, changes in customer requirements, frequent new product and service introductions and enhancements, and evolving industry standards. If we fail to develop and introduce new and enhanced products on a timely basis that respond to these changes, our products could become obsolete, demand for our products could decline and our revenue could fall. Advances in application or network performance management technology, software engineering, and simulation technology, or the emergence of new industry standards, could lead to new competitive products that have better performance, more features, or lower prices than our products and could render our products unmarketable.
Our future revenue is substantially dependent upon our existing customers continuing to license additional products, renew maintenance agreements, and purchase additional services.
Our existing customers have traditionally generated additional revenue from consulting services, renewed maintenance agreements, and the purchase of additional software products, which represent the majority of our annual revenue. The maintenance agreements are generally renewable at the option of the customers and there are no mandatory payment obligations or obligations to license additional software. In addition, customers may decide not to purchase additional products or services. If our existing customers fail to renew their maintenance agreements or fail to purchase additional products or services, our revenue could decrease.
Increases in professional services revenue as a percentage of total revenue could decrease overall margin.
We realize significantly lower margin on professional service revenue than we do on other types of revenue. As a result, if professional services revenue increases as a proportion of total revenue, our gross margin will be lower. Although professional services revenue has been declining as a percentage of revenue, accounting for 14.2%, 15.0%, and 21.2% of our total revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, this trend may not continue.
If we fail to retain our key personnel and attract and retain additional qualified personnel, we might not be able to maintain our current level of revenue.
Our future success and our ability to maintain our current level of revenue depend upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key sales and research and development personnel. The loss of any of our key employees, in particular Marc A. Cohen, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, who is
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also our principal sales executive, and Alain J. Cohen, our President and Chief Technology Officer, could also compromise our ability to pursue our growth strategy. We do not have employment agreements or any other agreements that obligate any of our officers or key employees to remain with us.
We must also continue to hire highly qualified individuals, particularly software engineers and sales and marketing personnel. Our failure to attract and retain technical personnel for our product development, consulting services, and technical support teams may limit our ability to develop new products or product enhancements. Competition for these individuals is intense, and we may not be able to attract and retain additional highly qualified personnel in the future. In addition, limitations imposed by federal immigration laws and the availability of visas could impair our ability to recruit and employ skilled technical professionals from other countries to work in the United States.
Our international operations subject our business to additional risks, which could cause our sales or profitability to decline.
In fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, we generated 23.8%, 25.9%, and 22.5% of our revenue from customers outside the United States. We plan to increase our international sales activities, but these plans are subject to a number of risks that could cause our sales to decline or could otherwise cause a decline in profitability. These risks include:
| • | difficulty in attracting distributors that will market and support our software products effectively; |
| • | greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection and longer collection periods; |
| • | the need to comply with varying employment policies and regulations that could make it more difficult and expensive to manage our employees if we need to establish more direct sales or support staff outside the United States; |
| • | potentially adverse tax consequences; |
| • | the effects of currency fluctuations; and |
| • | political and economic instability. |
We expect to face increased competition, which could cause us to lose sales, resulting in lower profitability.
Increasing competition in our market could cause us to lose sales and become unprofitable. We believe that the market for intelligent application and network performance management software is likely to become more competitive as it evolves and the demand for intelligent application and network performance management software products continues to increase. At least one of our current competitors and many of our potential competitors are larger and have substantially greater financial and technical resources than we do. In addition, it is possible that other vendors as well as some of our customers or distributors may develop and market software products that compete with our software products in the future.
If our products contain errors and we are unable to correct those errors, our reputation could be harmed and our customers could demand refunds from us or assert claims for damages against us.
Our software products could contain significant errors or bugs that may result in:
| • | the loss of or delay in market acceptance and sales of our products; |
| • | the delay in introduction of new products or updates to existing products; |
| • | diversion of our resources; |
| • | injury to our reputation; and |
| • | increased support costs. |
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Bugs may be discovered at any point in a product’s life cycle. We expect that errors in our products may be found in the future, particularly in new product offerings and new releases of our current products.
Because our customers use our products to manage networks that are critical to their business operations, any failure of our products could expose us to product liability claims. In addition, errors in our products could cause our customers’ networks and systems to fail or compromise their data, which could also result in liability to us. Product liability claims brought against us could divert the attention of management and key personnel, could be expensive to defend, and may result in adverse settlements and judgments.
Our software products rely on our intellectual property, and any failure to protect our intellectual property could enable our competitors to market products with similar features that may reduce our revenue and could allow the use of our products by users who have not paid the required license fee.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our competitors could use our intellectual property to market products similar to our products, which could reduce our revenue. In addition, we may be unable to prevent the use of our products by persons who have not paid the required license fee, which could reduce our revenue. Our success and ability to compete depends substantially upon the internally-developed technology that is incorporated in our products. Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult, and we may not be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as those in the United States. Others may circumvent the patents, copyrights, and trade secrets we own. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into a combination of confidentiality, non-competition, and non-disclosure agreements with our employees.
These measures afford only limited protection and may be inadequate, especially because our employees are highly sought after and may leave our employ with significant knowledge of our proprietary information. In addition, any confidentiality, non-competition and non-disclosure agreements we enter into may be found to be unenforceable, or our copy protection mechanisms embedded in our software products could fail or could be circumvented.
Our products employ technology that may infringe on the proprietary rights of others, and, as a result, we could become liable for significant damages.
We expect that our software products may be increasingly subject to third-party infringement claims as the number of competitors in our industry segment grows and the functionalities of products in different industry segments overlap.
Regardless of whether these claims have any merit, they could:
| • | be time-consuming to defend; |
| • | result in costly litigation; |
| • | divert our management’s attention and resources; |
| • | cause us to delay or cease product shipments; or |
| • | require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. |
These royalty or licensing agreements may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. A successful claim of product infringement against us or our failure or inability to license the infringed or similar technology could adversely affect our business because we would not be able to sell the affected product without redeveloping it or incurring significant additional expense.
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As with other software vendors, we may be required to delay revenue recognition into future periods, which could adversely affect our operating results.
We have in the past had to, and in the future may have to, defer recognition of product revenue due to several factors, including whether:
| • | product arrangements include undelivered elements for which we do not have vendor specific evidence of fair value; |
| • | we must deliver services for significant customization, enhancements and modifications of our products; |
| • | the transaction involves material acceptance criteria or there are other identified product-related issues; |
| • | the transaction involves contingent payment terms or fees; or |
| • | we are required to accept extended payment terms. |
Because of the factors listed above and other specific requirements under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for software revenue recognition, we must have very precise terms in our product arrangements in order to recognize revenue when we initially deliver products or perform services. Negotiation of mutually acceptable terms and conditions can extend the sales cycle, and sometimes we do not obtain terms and conditions that permit revenue recognition at the time of delivery.
If we undertake acquisitions, they may be expensive and disruptive to our business and could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
We have historically pursued acquisitions as a key part of our business strategy. We may continue to acquire or make investments in companies, products or technologies if opportunities arise. Any acquisition could be expensive, disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and employees, and adversely affect our financial results and the market price of our common stock. We may not be able to identify suitable acquisition or investment candidates, and if we do identify suitable candidates, we may not be able to make these acquisitions or investments on commercially acceptable terms or at all. If we make an acquisition, we could have difficulty integrating the acquired technology, employees, or operations. In addition, the key personnel of the acquired company may decide not to work for us.
We also expect that we would incur substantial expenses if we acquire other businesses or technologies. We might use cash on hand, incur debt, or issue equity securities to pay for any future acquisitions. If we issue additional equity securities, our stockholders could experience dilution and the market price of our stock may decline.
Our products are subject to changing computing environments, including operating system software and hardware platforms, which could render our products obsolete.
The evolution of existing computing environments and the introduction of new popular computing environments may require us to redesign our products or develop new products. Computing environments, including operating system software and hardware platforms, are complex and change rapidly. Our products are designed to operate in currently popular computing environments. Due to the long development and testing periods required to adapt our products to new or modified computing environments, our research and development efforts could be distracted and we could experience significant delays in product releases or shipments, which could result in lost revenue and significant additional expense.
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The impairment of a significant amount of goodwill on our balance sheet could result in a decrease in earnings and, as a result, our stock price could decline.
In the course of our operating history, we have acquired assets and businesses. Some of our acquisitions have resulted in the recording of a significant amount of goodwill on our financial statements. We had approximately $15.4 million of goodwill recorded on our balance sheet as of March 31, 2012. The goodwill reflects the fact that the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired in past acquisitions was less than the purchase price. We may not realize the full value of the goodwill. We evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events and circumstances suggest that the asset may be impaired. If goodwill is determined to be impaired, we will write off the unrecoverable portion as a charge to our earnings. If we acquire new assets and businesses in the future, we may record additional goodwill. The possible write-off of the associated goodwill could negatively impact our future earnings and, as a result, the market price of our common stock could decline.
The price of our common stock may decrease due to market volatility.
The market price of our common stock has historically been volatile and has fluctuated significantly. The market price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate in response to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. Trading activity of our stock has historically been relatively thin, in part as a result of officers and directors and institutional stockholders holding a significant percentage of our stock. In addition, the market price of securities of technology companies have been volatile and have experienced fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Also, broad market fluctuations could adversely impact the market price of our common stock, which in turn could cause impairment of goodwill that could materially and adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
It is not uncommon when the market price of a stock has been volatile for holders of that stock to institute securities class action litigation against the company that issues that stock. If any of our stockholders brought such a lawsuit against us, even if the lawsuit is without merit, we could incur substantial costs defending the lawsuit beyond any insurance coverage which we may have for such risks. Such a lawsuit could also divert the time and attention of our management.
The Board may decide that future dividends will be in amounts that are different than the amounts we have historically paid or may decide to suspend or discontinue the payment of cash dividends altogether.
The declaration of cash dividends in the future is subject to final determination each quarter by the Board based on a number of factors, including our financial performance and available cash resources, our cash requirements and alternative uses of cash that the Board may conclude would represent an opportunity to generate a greater return on investment for us.
| ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
Not applicable.
| ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES |
Our corporate office and principal facilities are located in Bethesda, Maryland and consist of approximately 82,000 square feet of office space held under two leases. The lease for 60,000 square feet expires on January 31, 2021, exclusive of renewal options, and the lease for 22,000 square feet expires on January 31, 2016, exclusive of renewal options. We also lease office space in the following locations: Cary, North Carolina; Dallas, Texas; Santa Clara, California; Nashua, New Hampshire; Colorado Springs, Colorado; Ghent, Belgium; Paris, France; Slough, United Kingdom; Singapore; Beijing China; and Mainz, Germany.
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| ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
We are involved in various claims and legal proceedings arising from our normal operations. We do not regard any of those matters to be material.
| ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES |
Not applicable.
22
| ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Market for Common Stock
Our common stock began trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market on August 2, 2000, under the symbol “OPNT.” The following table sets forth, on a per share basis, for the indicated periods, the intra-day high and low sale prices of our common stock as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market.
| Quarter ended |
High | Low | ||||||
| June 30, 2010 |
$ | 17.12 | $ | 14.46 | ||||
| September 30, 2010 |
19.60 | 13.01 | ||||||
| December 31, 2010 |
27.28 | 16.80 | ||||||
| March 31, 2011 |
39.00 | 24.38 | ||||||
| June 30, 2011 |
41.43 | 35.76 | ||||||
| September 30, 2011 |
41.14 | 29.55 | ||||||
| December 31, 2011 |
47.74 | 33.40 | ||||||
| March 31, 2012 |
38.22 | 28.50 | ||||||
Number of Stockholders of Record
As of June 4, 2012, we had approximately 135 holders of record of common stock. Because many of these shares are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders represented by these holders of record.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table provides information regarding our current equity compensation plans as of March 31, 2012.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
| Plan Category |
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options (a) |
Weighted- average exercise price of outstanding options |
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
|||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
807,765 | $ | 9.44 | 2,785,585 | (1)(2) | |||||||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |
— | — | — | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
807,765 | $ | 9.44 | 2,785,585 | ||||||||
| (1) | In addition to being available for future issuance upon exercise of options that may be granted after March 31, 2012, all of the remaining 2,177,358 shares under our Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, or the 2010 Plan, may instead be issued in the form of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights or other stock-based awards. |
| (2) | Includes 608,227 shares issuable under our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, including shares issuable in connection with the current offering period which ends on July 31, 2012. Also includes 2,177,358 shares issuable under the 2010 Plan. Under the 2010 Plan, beginning with the 2011 calendar year, the number of shares available for issuance automatically increases on the first trading day of each calendar year by an |
23
| amount equal to the lesser of (i) 3% of the shares of common stock outstanding on the last trading day of the preceding calendar year, or (ii) an amount determined by the Board of Directors, or the Board, in either case not to exceed an annual increase of 1,000,000 shares. See Note 2, “Stock-Based Compensation,” in the accompanying notes to our consolidated financial statements for more information. |
Dividends
The following table summarizes our quarterly cash dividend payments for fiscal 2012 and 2011 and our special dividend payments in November 2010 and December 2011:
| Declaration Date |
Stockholder Record Date |
Payment Date |
Amount per Share | |||
| May 5, 2010 |
June 15, 2010 |
June 30, 2010 |
$0.10 | |||
| August 4, 2010 |
September 14, 2010 |
September 29, 2010 |
$0.10 | |||
| October 27, 2010 |
November 14, 2010 |
November 30, 2010 |
$0.75 | |||
| October 27, 2010 |
December 7, 2010 |
December 21, 2010 |
$0.10 | |||
| January 26, 2011 |
March 16, 2011 |
March 30, 2011 |
$0.10 | |||
| May 4, 2011 |
June 15, 2011 |
June 29, 2011 |
$0.12 | |||
| July 27, 2011 |
September 15, 2011 |
September 29, 2011 |
$0.12 | |||
| October 26, 2011 |
December 1, 2011 |
December 15, 2011 |
$0.85 | |||
| October 26, 2011 |
December 14, 2011 |
December 28, 2011 |
$0.12 | |||
| January 25, 2012 |
March 14, 2012 |
March 28, 2012 |
$0.12 |
The declaration of cash dividends in the future is subject to final determination each quarter by the Board based on a number of factors, including our financial performance and available cash resources, our cash requirements and alternative uses of cash that the Board may conclude would represent an opportunity to generate a greater return on investment for us. The Board may decide that future dividends will be in amounts that are different than the amount described above or may decide to suspend or discontinue the payment of cash dividends altogether.
Stock Repurchase Plan
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
| Period |
Total Number of Shares Purchased |
Average Price Paid per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) |
Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
||||||||||||
| January 1– 31, 2012 |
— | — | — | 456,124 | ||||||||||||
| February 1– 29, 2012 |
6,875 | $ | 38.22 | 6,875 | 449,249 | |||||||||||
| March 1 – 31, 2012 |
313 | $ | 30.06 | 313 | 448,936 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Total |
7,188 | $ | 37.89 | 7,188 | 448,936 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| (1) | On January 31, 2005, we announced a stock repurchase program pursuant to which we are authorized to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. This program does not have a specified termination date. On February 4, 2008, we announced that our Board approved an increase of an additional 1,000,000 shares under our stock repurchase program. Any repurchased shares will be available for use in connection with our stock plans or other corporate purchases. As of March 31, 2012, we had repurchased 1,551,064 shares of common stock. In addition to shares repurchased under the stock repurchase program, we also include restricted stock shares withheld from employees to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding obligations with respect to the income recognized by these employees upon the vesting of their restricted stock shares in the total repurchased. |
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| ITEM 6. | SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA |
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The statement of operations data for the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, and the balance sheet data as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report. The balance sheet data as of March 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and the statement of operations data for the years ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 are derived from our consolidated financial statements that are not included in this Annual Report. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future period.
| Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Product |
$ | 85,820 | $ | 72,392 | $ | 52,252 | $ | 51,211 | $ | 38,838 | ||||||||||
| Product updates, technical support and services |
62,299 | 53,392 | 47,264 | 43,067 | 34,787 | |||||||||||||||
| Professional services |
24,599 | 22,202 | 26,831 | 28,601 | 27,721 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Total revenue |
172,718 | 147,986 | 126,347 | 122,879 | 101,346 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Cost of revenue: |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Product |
14,177 | 9,293 | 5,983 | 3,536 | 1,035 | |||||||||||||||
| Product updates, technical support and services |
5,922 | 5,260 | 4,859 | 4,665 | 4,514 | |||||||||||||||
| Professional services |
16,407 | 16,183 | 19,328 | 20,911 | 19,154 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquired technology |
2,159 | 2,050 | 1,835 | 2,172 | 1,486 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue |
38,665 | 32,786 | 32,005 | 31,284 | 26,189 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Gross profit |
134,053 | 115,200 | 94,342 | 91,595 | 75,157 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development |
37,781 | 34,718 | 32,043 | 30,791 | 27,471 | |||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing |
55,413 | 48,733 | 43,181 | 42,533 | 39,357 | |||||||||||||||
| General and administrative |
12,948 | 12,947 | 11,011 | 11,857 | 11,747 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Total operating expenses |
106,142 | 96,398 | 86,235 | 85,181 | 78,575 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations |
27,911 | 18,802 | 8,107 | 6,414 | (3,418 | ) | ||||||||||||||
| Interest and other (expense) income, net |
(87 | ) | (151 | ) | (70 | ) | 1,246 | 3,579 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes |
27,824 | 18,651 | 8,037 | 7,660 | 161 | |||||||||||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
9,491 | 6,250 | 2,214 | 2,928 | (372 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,823 | $ | 4,732 | $ | 533 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Basic net income per common share |
$ | 0.81 | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.28 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.03 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Diluted net income per common share |
$ | 0.80 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.28 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.03 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Basic weighted average shares outstanding |
22,220 | 21,429 | 20,529 | 20,296 | 20,342 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |
22,675 | 22,130 | 20,790 | 20,533 | 20,596 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Data (end of period): |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities |
$ | 111,332 | $ | 114,728 | $ | 104,681 | $ | 91,989 | $ | 85,829 | ||||||||||
| Total assets |
$ | 198,265 | $ | 191,823 | $ | 178,352 | $ | 166,064 | $ | 153,538 | ||||||||||
| Dividends declared per common share (a) |
$ | 1.33 | $ | 1.15 | $ | 0.36 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity |
$ | 119,994 | $ | 124,823 | $ | 118,676 | $ | 116,505 | $ | 110,645 | ||||||||||
| (a) | Includes special dividend of $0.85 and $0.75 per share in fiscal 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
25
| ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
OPNET Technologies, Inc. is a provider of application performance management, or APM, and network performance management solutions. Our software products address application performance management, network operations, capacity management, and network research and development. Our customers include corporate enterprises, government and defense agencies, network service providers, and network equipment manufacturers. Our software products and related services are designed to help our customers make better use of resources, reduce operational problems and improve competitiveness.
We operate in one reportable industry segment, the development and sale of computer software products and related services. Our operations are principally in the United States, and we have subsidiaries in Belgium, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Singapore, China and Australia. We primarily depend upon our direct sales force to generate revenue in the United States. Sales outside the United States are made through our international sales team as well as third-party distributors and value-added resellers, who generally are responsible for providing technical support and service to customers within their territory.
Our revenue is derived from three primary sources: (1) product revenue, (2) product updates, technical support and services revenue, and (3) professional services revenue, which include consulting and training services for customers without current maintenance agreements. Product revenue represents all fees earned from granting customers licenses to use our software and fees associated with hardware necessary to run our software, and excludes revenue derived from product updates, which are included in product updates, technical support, and services revenue. Our software master license agreement provides our customers with the right to use our software either perpetually, which we refer to as perpetual licenses, or during a defined term, generally for one to four years, which we refer to as term licenses. For the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, perpetual licenses represented approximately 96%, 91%, and 92% of product revenue, respectively. Substantially all of our product arrangements include both product licenses and product updates, technical support, and services. Product updates, technical support, and services revenue represent fees associated with the sale of unspecified product updates, technical support and when-and-if available training under our maintenance agreements. We offer professional services, under both time-and-material and fixed-price agreements, primarily to facilitate the adoption of our software products.
We consider our consulting services to be an integral part of our business model as they are centered on our software product offerings. Because our consulting services facilitate the adoption of our software product offerings, we believe that they ultimately generate additional sales of product licenses.
The key strategies of our business plan include increasing sales to existing customers, increasing deal size by selling modules and introducing new software products, improving our sales and marketing execution, establishing alliances to extend our market reach, increasing our international presence and increasing profitability. We have focused our sales, marketing, and other efforts on corporate enterprise and United States government opportunities, and to a much lesser extent, service provider and network equipment manufacturer opportunities. Our focus and strategies are designed to increase revenue and profitability. Because of the uncertainty surrounding the amount and timing of revenue growth, we expect to need to closely control the increases in our total expenses as we implement these strategies.
26
In March 2008, we launched an initiative to extend our domestic market reach by establishing sales alliances with third parties called the Synergy program. The Synergy program is designed to increase the penetration of our software products, particularly into mid-sized organizations. The Synergy program’s primary focus is on selling our application performance management software products domestically, including AppResponse Xpert, a product that provides end-user experience monitoring and real-time application performance analytics, as we believe these software products are particularly well-suited for indirect channel distribution. As of March 31, 2012, there were 215 third parties participating in our Synergy program.
Summary of Our Fiscal 2012 Financial Performance
The following table summarizes information on some of our key financial and operating metrics.
| Fiscal 2012 |
Fiscal 2011 |
Amount Change |
Percentage Change |
|||||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
| Financial Data: |
||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue |
$ | 172,718 | $ | 147,986 | $ | 24,732 | 16.7 | % | ||||||||
| Total cost of revenue |
$ | 38,665 | $ | 32,786 | $ | 5,879 | 17.9 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit |
$ | 134,053 | $ | 115,200 | $ | 18,853 | 16.4 | % | ||||||||
| Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue |
77.6 | % | 77.8 | % | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses |
$ | 106,142 | $ | 96,398 | $ | 9,744 | 10.1 | % | ||||||||
| Income from operations |
$ | 27,911 | $ | 18,802 | $ | 9,109 | 48.4 | % | ||||||||
| Income from operations as a percentage of total revenue (operating margin) |
16.2 | % | 12.7 | % | ||||||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,932 | 47.8 | % | ||||||||
| Diluted net income per common share |
$ | 0.80 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.25 | 45.5 | % | ||||||||
| Other Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||
| Total employees (period end) |
618 | 578 | 40 | 6.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Total average employees |
601 | 567 | 34 | 6.0 | % | |||||||||||
| Total consultants (period end) |
93 | 86 | 7 | 8.1 | % | |||||||||||
| Total period end quota-carrying sales persons (excluding directors and inside sales representatives) |
86 | 73 | 13 | 17.8 | % | |||||||||||
| Financial Condition and Liquidity Data: |
||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities |
$ | 111,332 | $ | 114,728 | $ | (3,396 | ) | (3.0 | )% | |||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities |
$ | 27,152 | $ | 26,675 | $ | 477 | 1.8 | % | ||||||||
| Total deferred revenue (period end) |
$ | 54,859 | $ | 47,497 | $ | 7,362 | 15.5 | % | ||||||||
We achieved growth in product revenue, product updates, technical support and services revenue, and professional services revenue during fiscal 2012, as compared to fiscal 2011. Product revenue increased by $13.4 million, or 18.5%, product updates, technical support and services revenue increased by $8.9 million, or 16.7%, and professional services revenue increased by $2.4 million, or 10.8%. The increase in product revenue was principally the result of growth in sales of our APM products to corporate enterprise customers, and to a lesser extent, United States government customers. The increase in revenue from product updates, technical support and services revenue reflects growth in the overall customer installed base. Increases in the overall customer installed base increase the demand for annual renewals of maintenance contracts. The increase in professional services revenue for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was principally the result of an increase in average hourly billing rates for our consultants. The increase in average hourly billing rates was due to an increase in the percentage of our revenue being derived from commercial customers as compared to United States government customers during fiscal 2012 as compared to the prior fiscal year. Average hourly billing rates for consulting services are generally higher for commercial customers than for United States government customers. The
27
increase in the percentage of professional services revenue derived from commercial customers for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was principally due to the growing proportion of product sales and related implementation services to corporate enterprise and service provider customers relative to United States government customers. Although professional services revenue generated from sales to United States government customers decreased as compared to professional services revenue from commercial customers during fiscal 2012, total revenue from United States government customers increased by $2.9 million during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. The percentage of total revenue derived from United States government customers decreased to 29.5% in fiscal 2012 from 32.5% in fiscal 2011. The increase in revenue from United States government customers was due principally due to an increase in revenue from APM product sales, partially offset by a decrease in revenue from professional services.
Our international revenue increased 7.6% to $41.2 million, or 23.8% of total revenue, for fiscal 2012. We expect revenue from sales outside the United States to continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue in the future. The increase in international revenue was primarily the result of growth in sales of our APM products to corporate enterprises. International revenue in fiscal 2012 also benefited from a more experienced direct sales force, an increased number of VARs, and our increased focus on sales to corporate enterprises. Sales to corporate enterprises accounted for the largest portion of our international revenue during fiscal 2012. We believe that continued growth and profitability will require further expansion of our sales, marketing and customer service functions in international markets.
During fiscal 2012, gross profit increased 16.4% to $134.1 million. The increase in our gross profit was primarily due to an increase in product revenue of $13.4 million and an increase in our product updates, technical support and services revenue of $8.9 million during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. Our gross margin decreased to 77.6% for fiscal 2012 from 77.8% in fiscal 2011 and our gross margin on product revenue during fiscal 2012 was 83.5% compared to 87.2% in fiscal 2011. The decrease in our gross margin and our gross margin on product revenue was due to an increase in costs related to hardware platforms used to deliver our AppResponse Xpert software products and other hardware used in connection with our AppResponse Xpert software products. The increase in costs was principally due to an increase in the proportion of AppResponse Xpert products sales during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011. Our AppResponse Xpert products are generally the only products we sell that are delivered on hardware platforms.
During fiscal 2012, operating income increased to $27.9 million from $18.8 million during fiscal 2011. The increase in operating income was largely the result of an increase in revenue of 16.7%, while increasing our operating expense by only 10.1%.
At the end of fiscal 2012, our deferred revenue was $54.9 million, an increase of $7.4 million compared to deferred revenue of $47.5 million at the end of fiscal 2011. The increase in deferred revenue was principally due to strong sales of new and renewal software maintenance contracts during the year.
Seasonality
Our product revenue tends to be seasonal. Product revenue from corporate enterprise customers, which represents the largest portion of our product revenue, has historically been the highest in the quarter ending December 31, our third fiscal quarter. Corporate enterprise customers typically operate on a calendar year end. As a result, it has been our experience that they often spend the remaining portion of their budgets in the December quarter.
In addition, European buying patterns have historically resulted in a decline in product sales in the summer months followed by increased product sales in our third fiscal quarter, reflecting European vacation practices and the resulting delay in product purchase activities until the conclusion of the summer vacation season.
28
Product revenue from United States government customers has historically been highest in the quarter ending September 30, which coincides with the United States government fiscal year-end, and reflects higher demand for product purchases prior to the end of their fiscal year. United States government product purchases typically decline in the quarter ending December 31. The increase in product revenue from corporate enterprise customers and European customers in the quarter ending December 31 has historically more than offset the sequential decline in product sales to the United States government during the same quarter.
While we expect these historical trends to continue, they could be affected by a number of factors, including the relative proportions of our business conducted with government compared to commercial customers and domestic compared to European customers, a decline in general economic conditions, changes in the timing or amounts of United States government spending resulting from budget constraints or other factors, and our continued expansion into international markets.
Trends that May Affect Our Business and Future Results
We anticipate the following trends and patterns over the next several quarters:
Total Revenue. We believe the current overall economic environment is showing signs of improvement but parts of the world economy, including countries comprising the European Union, appear to be declining. Our ability to generate increased revenue domestically and internationally will depend largely upon continued improvement in overall economic conditions. We expect future growth opportunities in product revenue and product updates, technical support and services revenue to come from sales to corporate enterprise customers and the United States government, as we believe our products offer competitive advantages in these markets. Our ability to generate increased revenue from United States government customers will be impacted by the length and severity of budget constraints. We expect product revenue and product updates, technical support and services revenue from sales to service providers and network equipment manufacturers to fluctuate from quarter to quarter with the potential for periods of declining revenue. Our ability to increase professional services revenue will depend in part on our ability to attract and retain additional qualified consultants, including those with security clearances. We believe that continued increases in the proportion of sales of our APM products, as compared to our other products, could cause the percentage of our total revenue attributable to professional services revenue to decline and might also cause an absolute decline in professional services revenue because our APM products generally require less consulting time to implement. As a result of these factors, we believe that we will likely experience fluctuations in quarterly revenue.
Gross Profit Margin. Our overall gross profit margin will continue to be affected by the proportion of total revenue generated from products and product updates, technical support and services, as revenue from these sources has substantially higher gross margins than the gross margin on revenue from professional services. Our overall gross profit margin will also be affected by the proportion of our product revenue that is derived from products delivered on hardware platforms, the amount of fees paid to indirect channel partners and the profitability of individual consulting engagements. Amortization of technology associated with acquisitions of technology that we may make in future periods may also affect our gross profit margin.
Research and Development Expense. We believe that continued investment in research and development will be required to maintain our competitive position and broaden our software product lines, as well as enhance the features and functionality of our current software products, especially our APM products. We believe there is more competition in the markets served by our APM products as compared to the markets for our other products. We made personnel investments in research and development during fiscal 2011 and 2012, and we plan to continue making investments in additional personnel during the next several quarters. We expect that the absolute dollar amount of these expenses will grow in fiscal 2013 as compared to fiscal 2012.
Sales and Marketing Expense. We depend upon our direct sales model to generate revenue and believe that increasing the size of our quota-carrying sales team is essential for long-term growth. During fiscal 2012, we focused on improving the productivity of our existing sales force and made investments in additional direct sales
29
personnel. We plan to continue to increase the number of quota-carrying salespeople in order to address what we believe is a large and growing market for our products. We also plan to increase expenditures in areas we believe will enhance the visibility of our products in the marketplace, especially our APM products. We expect that the absolute dollar amount of sales and marketing expense will increase in fiscal 2013 as compared to fiscal 2012.
General and Administrative Expense. We expect the dollar amount of general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to expand our operations but generally decrease as a percentage of total revenue in future periods.
Operating Margin. Our operating margin increased to 16.2% during fiscal 2012 from 12.7% during fiscal 2011. Since a significant portion of our product arrangements close in the latter part of each quarter, we may not be able to adjust our cost structure in the short-term to respond to lower than expected revenue, which would adversely impact our operating margin and earnings. We remain committed to increasing profitability and generating long-term growth. As the economy improves, we plan to strategically increase research and development and sales and marketing expenditures in order to maintain our products’ competitive advantages and increase market share. While we intend to strategically increase expenditures in certain areas to grow revenue, we intend to closely monitor and control overall operating expense in order to maximize our operating margin.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
The accompanying discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our audited consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires that we make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from the estimates made by management with respect to these and other items that require management’s estimates.
We have identified the accounting policies that are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies affect the reported amounts of revenue and the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates. These critical accounting policies relate to revenue recognition and deferred revenue, stock based compensation, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of long-lived assets, including intangible assets and impairment review of goodwill, software development costs, and income taxes. These policies, and our procedures related to these policies, are described in detail below. In addition, please refer to Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of our accounting policies.
Revenue Recognition. We derive revenue from three primary sources: (1) product revenue, (2) product updates, technical support and services revenue, which include product updates, certain training provided and offered on a when-and-if available basis to customers, and technical support, and (3) professional services revenue, which include consulting and custom training services for customers without a current maintenance agreement. We recognize revenue based on the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 605-985 Revenue Recognition—Software, or ASC 605-985.
30
Product Revenue
Product revenue represents all fees earned from granting customers perpetual and term licenses to use our software as well as the hardware that we use to deliver our AppResponse Xpert software products. It excludes revenue derived from product updates, which is included in product updates, technical support and services revenue. For the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, perpetual licenses represented approximately 96%, 91%, and 92% of product revenue, respectively. Product revenue is recognized when the following four criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery of the product has occurred, (iii) the product fee is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectibility is probable. We analyze each of these four criteria as follows:
| • | Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. For license arrangements with end-users, it is our customary practice to have a written software license agreement, which is signed by both the end user and us, and a purchase order or equivalent. A written contract can be executed based on the customer-specific format or on the standard “shrink wrap” software master license agreement. For those end users who have previously negotiated a software license agreement with us, the initial software license agreement is used as evidence of a written contract. Sales to distributors, resellers, and value-added resellers, which we collectively refer to as resellers, are evidenced by a master reseller agreement governing the relationship, which is signed by both the reseller and us, together with a purchase order on a transaction-by-transaction basis. To further evidence an arrangement, our master reseller agreement requires that the reseller provide us copies of the end user’s executed software master license agreements. |
| • | Delivery has occurred. Physical delivery of our software products to end users or resellers, which are collectively referred to as customers, is generally considered to have occurred upon the transfer of media containing our software products to a common carrier, usually FOB shipping point based on standard agreement terms. Software licenses may also be delivered electronically to end users. Electronic delivery is deemed to occur after end users have been provided with access codes that allow them to take immediate possession of the software. If a software arrangement includes undelivered software products or services that are essential to the functionality of delivered software products, delivery is not considered to have occurred until these software products or services are delivered. |
| • | The fee is fixed or determinable. It is our policy to not provide customers the right to any adjustments or refund of any portion of their license fees paid, acceptance provisions, cancellation privileges, or rights of return. Our normal payment terms for our software products and services currently range from net 30 days to net 90 days and primarily vary based on the country in which an agreement is executed. Payments that extend beyond our normal payment terms from the contract date but that are due within six months have generally been deemed to be fixed or determinable based on our successful collection history on such arrangements, and thereby satisfy the required criteria for revenue recognition. Arrangements with payment terms extending beyond six months are recognized as payments become due and payable, as the Company is unable to demonstrate a history of collecting under similar payment terms with similar arrangements. |
| • | Collectibility is probable. Collectibility is assessed on a customer-by-customer basis. We typically sell to customers for whom there is a history of successful collection. New customers are subject to a credit review process that evaluates the customer’s ability to pay. If we determine from the outset of an arrangement that collectibility is not probable, revenue is recognized as cash is collected. |
In instances when any of the four criteria are not met, we defer recognition of product revenue until the criteria are met. When the sale of the software product requires us to make significant enhancements, customization or modifications to the software that are essential to its functionality, product revenue and consulting fees are recognized using contract accounting under ASC 605-35, Revenue Recognition –Construction-Type and Production. We estimate the percentage-of-completion, under ASC 605-35, based on our estimate of total hours to complete the project as a percentage of total hours incurred and the estimated hours to complete as we have a history of accurately estimating project hours.
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All fees billed to clients for shipping and handling are classified as product revenue. All costs associated with shipping and handling are classified as cost of product revenue.
Product Updates, Technical Support and Services Revenue
Product updates, technical support and services revenue represents fees associated with the sale of product updates, training, and technical support, all except technical support provided on a when-and-if-available basis under our maintenance agreement. Payments for product updates, technical support and services on initial order or on renewal are generally made in advance and are nonrefundable. Product updates consist of the right to unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis and are typically entered into in connection with the initial product purchase. Product updates, technical support and services may be renewed upon expiration of the term. Customers can purchase product updates separately from technical support and services. Revenue from product updates, technical support and services is deferred and recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance agreement.
We allocate revenue under multiple-element arrangements, which typically include product, consulting services, training and maintenance agreements sold together, to each element in the arrangement primarily using the residual method based upon the fair value of the undelivered elements, which is specific to our vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value, or VSOE. This means that we defer revenue from the arrangement fee equivalent to the fair value of the undelivered elements. We apply discounts, if any, to the delivered elements, usually product, under the residual method. For periodic unspecified product updates and technical support agreements, VSOE is based upon either the renewal rate specified in each contract or the price charged when sold separately. For consulting services and training for customers without a current maintenance agreement, VSOE is based upon the rates charged for these services when sold separately.
If we are unable to establish VSOE for an undelivered post contract support, or PCS, element, for example, in a two-year term license where the license term and PCS are coterminous and no PCS renewal period exists, all revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period. For income statement classification purposes, our allocation methodology is based on VSOE of fair value for our professional services which is determined by the price charged when sold separately, and the contractually stated renewal rates for our PCS, generally 18% to 21% of the license fee paid on perpetual licenses. We use the residual method to allocate any remaining arrangement fee to product revenue.
Professional Services Revenue
Professional services revenue consists of fees from consulting services and training for customers without a current maintenance agreement and is recognized as the services are performed. Although not typical, if we enter into consulting service arrangements that include significant modifications to the software that are essential to the customer’s use and the arrangement is bundled with software, we recognize revenue under the entire arrangement under the percentage-of-completion method. For income statement classification purposes, we have developed a revenue allocation methodology for these arrangements that is consistent with the residual method used, and described under ASC 605-985, when services are not essential to the functionality of the software. In these circumstances, we allocate revenue to the various elements of the arrangement based on our VSOE of fair value and the residual amount is allocated to product revenue.
We sell product, product updates, technical support and services agreements to distributors at predetermined prices. Sales to distributors are not contingent upon resale of the software to the end user. In most cases, we provide product updates, technical support and services agreements directly to distributors and the distributors provide support to the end customer. We record revenue from sales to distributors at the amounts charged to the distributor and in the same manner as product, product updates, technical support and services sales sold through our direct sales force. We classify amounts received in advance of revenue recognition as deferred revenue.
Sales taxes and other taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis and, as such, are excluded from revenues.
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Income Taxes. We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. The income tax provision includes income taxes currently payable plus the net change during the year in deferred tax assets or liabilities. Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the differences between the carrying value under GAAP and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the period in which the differences are expected to reverse. Judgments and estimates are required in the calculation of the deferred tax assets, valuation allowance, research and development tax credits, and foreign tax credits.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not, and a measurement attribute for all tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, in order for these positions to be recognized in the financial statements. We continually review tax laws, regulations and guidance in order to properly record any uncertain tax positions. At March 31, 2012, the gross unrecognized benefit related to uncertain tax benefits was $820,000, $813,000 of which would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods. The total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions as of April 1, 2011 was $691,000. Of this total, $669,000 represented the amount of unrecognized tax benefits, net of federal benefit on state issues that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in any future periods. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Beginning balance |
$ | 691 | $ | 786 | $ | 804 | ||||||
| Gross decreases – prior period tax positions |
(41 | ) | — | 45 | ||||||||
| Gross increases – current period tax positions |
152 | 154 | 150 | |||||||||
| Gross increase – prior period tax positions |
18 | 60 | — | |||||||||
| Settlements |
— | (106 | ) | (19 | ) | |||||||
| Lapse of statute of limitations |
— | (203 | ) | (197 | ) | |||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— | — | 3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Ending balance |
$ | 820 | $ | 691 | $ | 786 | ||||||
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|
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The following table summarizes the tax years that are either currently under audit or remain open under the statute of limitations and are subject to examination by the tax authorities in the most significant jurisdictions that we operate:
| Australia |
FY08 – FY09 | |
| Belgium |
FY09 – FY11 | |
| Germany |
FY08 – FY10 | |
| Singapore |
FY08 – FY10 | |
| United Kingdom |
FY10 – FY11 | |
| United States |
FY09 – FY11 | |
| Maryland |
FY07 – FY11 |
Our continuing practice is to recognize interest, if any, related to income tax matters in interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations and penalties as part of general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations. During fiscal 2012 and 2011, we recognized $18,000 and $9,000, respectively, in potential interest expense associated with uncertain tax positions. The total accrued interest and accrued penalties related to uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2012 was $34,000 and $164,000, respectively.
In the aggregate, we believe there will be no significant changes in the liability for uncertain tax positions in the next twelve months.
Stock-Based Compensation. ASC 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation requires an entity to recognize an expense within its income statement for all share-based payment arrangements, which include employee stock option plans, restricted stock grants, and employee stock purchase plans. We have elected to use straight-line
33
amortization of stock-based compensation expense for the entire award over the service period since the awards have only service conditions and graded vesting. Our stock options and nonvested stock do not contain performance conditions. There have been no modifications to awards in 2012 or 2011.
Our stock option grants are accounted for as equity awards. The expense is based on the grant-date fair value of the options granted, which we recognize over the requisite service period.
To estimate the grant-date fair value of our stock options, we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model estimates the per share fair value of an option on its date of grant based on the following: the option’s exercise price; the price of the underlying stock on the date of grant; the estimated dividend yield; a “risk-free” interest rate; the estimated option term; and the expected volatility. For the “risk-free” interest rate, we used a U.S. Treasury bond due in a number of years equal to the option’s expected term. To estimate expected volatility, we analyzed the historic volatility of our common stock. We did not grant any stock options during fiscal 2012. As of March 31, 2012, nonvested stock-based deferred compensation associated with the stock options totaled $504,000, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 2 years.
We recognize compensation cost for stock option grants on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award from the date of grant through the period of the last separately vesting portion of the grant. We recognize compensation cost within the income statement in the same expense line as the cash compensation paid to the respective employees. ASC 718 also requires us to estimate forfeitures in calculating the expense related to stock-based compensation. We have concluded that our historical forfeiture rate is the best measure to estimate future forfeitures of granted stock options. We will recognize the impact on compensation cost due to changes in the expected forfeiture rate of 10% in the period that they become known. We do not apply a forfeiture rate to the options granted to certain key executives or directors. We have concluded that historically certain key executives and directors will perform the requisite service to vest in the award.
We account for our restricted stock grants as equity awards. The expense is based on the price of our common stock, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The restricted stock agreements do not contain any post-vesting restrictions. We have concluded that our historical forfeiture rate is the best measure to estimate future forfeitures of granted restricted stock. We will recognize the impact on compensation cost due to changes in the expected forfeiture rate of 10% in the period that they become known. We do not apply a forfeiture rate to the restricted stock granted to certain key executives or directors. As of March 31, 2012, nonvested stock-based deferred compensation associated with restricted stock totaled $3.4 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 1 year.
Our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, provides for all eligible employees to collectively purchase up to a total of 3,070,000 shares of our common stock. An employee may authorize a payroll deduction up to a maximum of 10% of his or her compensation during the plan period. The purchase price for each share purchased is the lesser of 85% of the closing price of the common stock on the first or last day of the plan period. The plan period for the ESPP ends on the last day of January and July of each year. To estimate the fair value of shares issued under our ESPP, we use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model estimates the per share fair value of an ESPP share at the beginning of the plan period based on the following: the price of the underlying stock on the first day of the plan period; the estimated dividend yield; a “risk-free” interest rate; the term of the plan period, which is six months; and the expected volatility. For the “risk-free” interest rate, we use a U.S. Treasury Bond due in six months. To determine expected volatility, we analyze the historical volatility of our stock over the 6 months prior to the first day of the plan period. We calculate the expense based on the difference between the fair market value of the shares purchased at the close of each plan period and the discounted price paid by the employee, and we recognize that expense on a straight-line basis over the plan period. As of March 31, 2012, nonvested stock-based deferred compensation associated with the ESPP totaled $324,000, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 4 months.
34
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities. We measure our cash and cash equivalents using the fair value measurement principles of ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820, which requires that fair value be based on the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability. ASC 820 requires disclosures regarding the manner in which fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a three-tiered value hierarchy into which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based upon significant levels of inputs as follows:
| • | Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
| • | Level 2 – Observable inputs, other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable inputs. |
| • | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. |
The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy. We view money market funds as Level 1 assets.
The following table summarizes the composition of our marketable securities at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| March 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification on Balance Sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gain |
Gross Unrealized Loss |
Market Value |
Short-Term Investments |
Long-Term Investments |
|||||||||||||||||||
| United States government obligations |
$ | 38,986 | $ | — | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 38,975 | $ | 38,975 | $ | — | |||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Total marketable securities |
$ | 38,986 | $ | — | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 38,975 | $ | 38,975 | $ | — | |||||||||||
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| March 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification on Balance Sheet |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gain |
Gross Unrealized Loss |
Market Value |
Short-Term Investments |
Long-Term Investments |
|||||||||||||||||||
| United States government obligations |
$ | 31,428 | $ | 4 | $ | — | $ | 31,432 | $ | 31,432 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|||||||||||||
| Total marketable securities |
$ | 31,428 | $ | 4 | $ | — | $ | 31,432 | $ | 31,432 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
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The following table details the fair value measurements within the three levels of fair value hierarchy of our financial assets, consisting of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| Total Fair Value |
Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2012 Using |
|||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 62,146 | $ | 62,146 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
| Money market funds |
10,211 | 10,211 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in marketable securities |
38,975 | 38,975 | — | — | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
$ | 111,332 | $ | 111,332 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
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|
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35
| Total Fair Value |
Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2011 Using |
|||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 30,821 | $ | 30,821 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
| Money market funds |
48,976 | 48,976 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in cash & cash equivalents |
3,499 | 3,499 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in marketable securities |
31,432 | 31,432 | — | — | ||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
$ | 114,728 | $ | 114,728 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
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At March 31, 2012 and 2011, we valued money market funds and United States government obligations using a Level 1 valuation because market prices in active markets for identical assets were readily available. The per-share net asset value of our money market funds has remained at a constant amount of $1.00 per share. Also, as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no withdrawal limits on redemptions for any of the money market funds that we hold. We did not group any financial assets using Level 2 or Level 3 valuations at March 31, 2012 or 2011.
Valuation of Intangible Assets and Goodwill. We account for our goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations and ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other. Our intangible assets consist of acquired technology related to our acquisitions of a software product for modeling voice communications in December 2003, Altaworks in October 2004, technology we purchased from RadView Software, Ltd. in December 2005, SQMworks, Inc. in April 2006, Network Physics, Inc. in October 2007, and substantially all of the assets of Embarcadero Technologies, Inc. in August 2010. Our intangible assets also consist of customer relationships and acquired workforce assets we purchased from Network Physics, Inc. related to the purchase of specified assets of Network Physics in October 2007 and trade names, trademark, customer relationships, and non-compete agreements we acquired from Embarcadero, Inc. related to the acquisition of substantially all the assets associated with the DSAuditor product line in August 2010. The acquired and purchased technologies are stated at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives of three to five years. We amortize our customer relationship and workforce intangible assets we purchased from Network Physics, Inc. on an accelerated depreciation basis over their expected useful lives of four and one half years and five years, respectively. We amortize our trade names, trademark, customer relationships, and non-compete agreements we acquired from Embarcadero, Inc. on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives. The trade names, trademark and customer relationships have useful lives of five years. The non-compete agreements have a useful life of one year.
We use the projected discounted cash flow method in valuing our acquired technology and purchased customer relationships using certain assumptions including revenue growth, cost levels, present value discount rate, and working capital requirements. We use the lower of the amount of cash paid or the present value of projected discounted cash flows to value purchased technology. We valued the workforce asset associated with the purchase of specified assets of Network Physics, Inc. on a replacement cost basis. We valued the developed technology (now our DSAuditor product line) associated with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Embarcadero, Inc. using an income approach known as the Relief-From-Royalty Method. While we believe the assumptions used to value our acquired technology and developed technology related to acquisitions are reasonable, actual results will likely differ from those assumptions. Future cash flows are subject to change for a variety of internal and external factors. We will periodically review the value of acquired technology, developed technology, and purchased intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. If changes in our assumptions at the time of future periodic reviews indicate that the carrying value of our acquired technology and purchased intangible assets exceeds their fair value and we determine that carrying amounts cannot be recovered, it would result in impairment losses. As of March 31, 2012 and 2011,
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intangible assets totaled $3.0 million and $4.5 million, net of accumulated amortization of $14.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively. We have not recorded any impairment losses to date.
We record goodwill when the consideration paid for acquisitions exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized. We perform an annual review in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if conditions dictate, to identify any facts or circumstances that indicate the carrying value of goodwill is impaired. The review is based on various analyses including cash flow and profitability projections and the market capitalization of our common stock. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount of goodwill over its fair value. We performed our annual impairment test of goodwill as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 and concluded that the fair value substantially exceeded the carrying value; therefore, we did not record any impairment. As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, goodwill was $15.4 million, respectively. No impairment losses have been recorded to date.
Accounting for Software Development Costs. We expense costs incurred in the research and development of new software products as incurred until technological feasibility is established. Development costs are capitalized beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when the product is available for general release to our customers. Technological feasibility is reached when the product reaches the working model stage. To date, products and enhancements have generally reached technological feasibility and have been released for sale at substantially the same time, thus all research and development costs have been expensed. Consequently, we did not capitalize any research and development costs in fiscal 2012, 2011 or 2010.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth items from our consolidated statements of operations expressed as a percentage of total revenue for the periods indicated:
| Fiscal 2012 |
Fiscal 2011 |
Fiscal 2010 |
||||||||||
| Revenue: |
||||||||||||
| Product |
49.7 | % | 48.9 | % | 41.4 | % | ||||||
| Product updates, technical support and services |
36.1 | 36.1 | 37.4 | |||||||||
| Professional services |
14.2 | 15.0 | 21.2 | |||||||||
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|
|||||||
| Total revenue |
100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
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| Cost of revenue: |
||||||||||||
| Product |
8.2 | 6.3 | 4.7 | |||||||||
| Product updates, technical support, and services |
3.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | |||||||||
| Professional services |
9.5 | 10.9 | 15.3 | |||||||||
| Amortization of acquired technology |
1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | |||||||||
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| Total cost of revenue |
22.4 | 22.2 | 25.3 | |||||||||
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| Gross profit |
77.6 | 77.8 | 74.7 | |||||||||
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| Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
| Research and development |
21.8 | 23.5 | 25.4 | |||||||||
| Sales and marketing |
32.1 | 32.9 | 34.2 | |||||||||
| General and administrative |
7.5 | 8.7 | 8.7 | |||||||||
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| Total operating expenses |
61.4 | 65.1 | 68.3 | |||||||||
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|
|||||||
| Income from operations |
16.2 | 12.7 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| Interest and other (expense) income, net |
(0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | 0.0 | |||||||
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| Income before provision for income taxes |
16.1 | 12.6 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes |
5.5 | 4.2 | 1.8 | |||||||||
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| Net income |
10.6 | % | 8.4 | % | 4.6 | % | ||||||
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37
Revenue
Product Revenue. Product revenue was $85.8 million, $72.4 million, and $52.3 million, in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, representing an increase of 18.5% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 and an increase of 38.5% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010. For fiscal 2012, the increase in product revenue was principally the result of growth in sales of our APM products to corporate enterprise customers, and to a lesser extent, growth in sales to United States government customers. For fiscal 2011, the increase in product revenue was principally due to an increase in sales of our APM products to corporate enterprise customers.
Product Updates, Technical Support and Services Revenue. Product updates, technical support and services revenue was $62.3 million, $53.4 million, and $47.3 million, in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, representing increases of 16.7% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 and 13.0% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010. Product updates, technical support and services revenue growth rates are affected by the overall product revenue growth rates, as well as the renewal rate of annual maintenance contracts by existing customers. The increase in product updates, technical support and services revenue in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 primarily reflected increases in the overall customer installed base as compared to the prior fiscal year. Increases in the overall customer installed base increase the demand for annual renewals of maintenance contracts.
The dollar amount of our deferred revenue under our maintenance contracts at the end of each year is a key factor in determining the near-term growth of our product updates, technical support and services revenue. The balance of deferred revenue under our maintenance contracts generally increases when we sell product licenses and when we sell renewals of annual maintenance contracts. The amount of deferred revenue under our maintenance contracts was $49.7 million, $41.1 million, and $35.5 million at March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The amount of deferred revenue under our maintenance contracts will generally be recognized as product updates, technical support and services revenue over the life of each individually purchased maintenance contract, which is typically a twelve-month period.
Professional Services Revenue. The components of professional services revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 were as follows:
| Fiscal 2012 |
Fiscal 2011 |
Fiscal 2010 |
||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Consulting services |
$ | 23,895 | $ | 21,788 | $ | 26,399 | ||||||
| Training and other revenue |
704 | 414 | 432 | |||||||||
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| Professional services |
$ | 24,599 | $ | 22,202 | $ | 26,831 | ||||||
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Professional services revenue was $24.6 million, $22.2 million, and $26.8 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, representing increase of 10.8% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011, and a decrease of 17.3% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010. Consulting services revenue accounted for 97.1%, 98.1%, and 98.4%, of professional services revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. For fiscal 2012, the increase in professional services revenue was largely the result of an increase in average hourly billing rates for our consultants that provide consulting services. The increase in average hourly billing rates was due to an increase in the percentage of our revenue being derived from commercial customers as compared to United States government customers during fiscal 2012 as compared to the prior fiscal year. The increase in the percentage of professional services revenue derived from commercial customers for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was principally due to the growing proportion of product sales and related implementation services to corporate enterprise and service provider customers relative to United States government customers. Average hourly billing rates for consulting services are generally higher for commercial customers than for United States government customers.
For fiscal 2011, the decrease in professional services revenue was largely the result of a decrease in billable hours worked on projects for United States government customers. We believe the decrease in billable hours worked on projects for United States government customers was principally related to federal budget constraints.
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We believe the decrease in revenue from professional services was also due to an increase in the proportion of sales of our APM products as compared to our other products, as our APM products generally require less consulting services to implement. The percentage of total consulting revenue from United States government customers for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was 52.4%, 66.5%, and 70.4%, respectively, representing a decrease of 13.7% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011, and a decrease of 22.0% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010.
Training and other revenue was $704,000, $414,000, and $432,000 in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The increase in training and other revenue in fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was principally due to deferred and prepaid training being recorded as revenue following the expiration of customers’ contractual training rights.
International Revenue. International revenue was $41.2 million, $38.3 million, and $28.4 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, representing increases of 7.6% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 and 35.0% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 20110. International revenue was 23.8%, 25.9%, and 22.5% of total revenue in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The increase in international revenue in fiscal 2012 was primarily the result of an increase in sales of our APM products to corporate enterprise customers and international government customers, which was partially offset by a decrease in sales to service providers. We believe the growth of international revenue during fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was moderated by the economic decline impacting countries comprising the European Union. The increase in international revenue in fiscal 2011 was primarily the result of an increase in sales to corporate enterprise customers of our APM products, which was partially offset by a decrease in sales to service providers. Our international revenue is primarily generated in Europe and Asia. Our goal is to increase international sales to corporate enterprise customers. International revenue from corporate enterprise customers comprised the largest portion of international revenue for fiscal 2012 and 2011. During each of fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, we expanded our operations outside the United States through the hiring of additional direct sales persons in our foreign subsidiaries.
Cost of Revenue
The following table sets forth, for each component of revenue, the cost of the revenue as a percentage of the related revenue for the periods indicated:
| Fiscal 2012 |
Fiscal 2011 |
Fiscal 2010 |
||||||||||
| Cost of product |
16.5 | % | 12.8 | % | 11.5 | % | ||||||
| Cost of product updates, technical support, and services |
9.5 | 9.9 | 10.3 | |||||||||
| Cost of professional services |
66.7 | 72.9 | 72.0 | |||||||||
Cost of product revenue consists primarily of the cost of hardware platforms associated with the delivery of some software products, royalties, fees paid to indirect channel partners and, to a lesser extent, media, manuals, and distribution costs. Cost of product updates, technical support and services revenue consists of personnel-related costs necessary to provide technical support and training to customers with active maintenance contracts on a when-and-if-available basis, royalties, media, and distribution costs. Cost of professional services revenue consists primarily of personnel-related costs necessary to provide consulting and training to customers without active maintenance contracts. Gross margins on product revenue and product updates, technical support and services revenue are substantially higher than gross margin on professional services revenue, due to the low cost of delivering product revenue and providing technical support and maintenance compared with the relatively high personnel costs associated with providing consulting services and customer training.
Cost of Product Revenue. Cost of product revenue was $14.2 million, $9.3 million, and $6.0 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The increases in costs of 52.6% from fiscal 2011 to fiscal 2012 and 55.3% from fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011 were primarily the result of increases in costs related to hardware platforms used to deliver our AppResponse Xpert software products and other hardware used in conjunction with our AppResponse Xpert
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software products. The increase in hardware costs reflects growth in sales of our AppResponse Xpert products. Total hardware platform costs for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 were $12.3 million, $7.7 million, and $5.1 million respectively. Gross margin on product revenue was 83.5%, 87.2%, and 88.6%, for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The decrease in gross margin for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was due to a higher proportion of product revenue being generated from sales of our AppResponse Xpert product, which is typically delivered using a hardware platform and therefore has a higher cost of revenue as compared to other software products we sell. The higher proportion of AppResponse Xpert product revenue was principally due to an increase in the quantities of AppResponse Xpert products sold to existing customers, as existing customers typically purchase larger quantities of our AppResponse Xpert products as compared to new customers.
Cost of Product Updates, Technical Support and Services Revenue. Cost of product updates, technical support and services revenue was $5.9 million, $5.3 million, and $4.9 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Gross margin on product updates, technical support and services revenue was 90.5%, 90.2%, and 89.7%, for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The 12.6% increase in cost of product updates, technical support and services revenue for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was primarily the result of a $466,000 increase in personnel costs necessary to provide technical support and when-and-if-available training under our maintenance contracts and a $49,000 increase in depreciation expense on hardware necessary to provide customer support. The 8.3% increase in cost of product updates, technical support and services revenue for fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010 was primarily the result of a $272,000 increase in personnel costs necessary to provide technical support and a $67,000 increase in depreciation expense on hardware necessary to provide customer support. The increases in gross margin on product updates, technical support and services revenue for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2011 as compared to fiscal 2010 were primarily the result of a 16.7% and 13.0% increase, respectively, in product license updates, technical support and services revenue. Stock-based compensation expense included in cost of product updates, technical support and services was $42,000, $20,000, and $17,000 for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Cost of Professional Services Revenue. Cost of professional services revenue was $16.4 million, $16.2 million, and $19.3 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The increase of 1.4% in cost of professional services revenue in fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was primarily the result of a $340,000 increase in compensation expense related to annual raises and discretionary compensation, and a $314,000 increase in travel expense, which was partially offset by a $325,000 decrease in facility costs. Gross margin on professional services revenue increased to 33.3% for fiscal 2012 from 27.1% in fiscal 2011. The increase in the gross margin on professional service revenue for fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 was due to a larger percentage of our professional services revenue being derived from commercial customers and the resulting higher average billing rates. Gross margin on professional services revenue decreased to 27.1% for fiscal 2011 from 28.0% in fiscal 2010. The decrease of 16.3% in cost of professional service revenue from fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011 was largely due to a $2.5 million decrease in direct labor expense in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010. The decrease in direct labor expense was attributable to decreased staffing levels in response to weaker demand for our consulting services. The decrease in gross margin on professional services in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was primarily due to a decrease in the number of high margin fixed priced projects. We expect the cost of professional services revenue as a percentage of professional services revenue to vary based primarily on the profitability of individual consulting engagements. Stock-based compensation expense included in cost of professional services was $75,000, $72,000, and $83,000 for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development. Research and development expense was $37.8 million, $34.7 million, and $32.0 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, representing increases of 8.8% in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 and 8.3% in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010. The increase in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 were principally due to a $2.7 million increase and a $2.6 million increase, respectively, in compensation expense as a result of increased staffing levels required for developing new products as well as sustaining and upgrading existing products. We do not capitalize research and development costs since we release our products to the market at the
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same time that technological feasibility is reached. Stock-based compensation expense included in research and development was $1.3 million, $929,000, and $676,000 for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses were $55.4 million, $48.7 million, and $43.2 million in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The 13.7% increase in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 was largely due to a $5.0 million increase in compensation and sales commissions resulting from sales growth, a $766,000 increase in travel expense, and a $360,000 increase in conference and trade show expenses resulting from increased sales activities and marketing expenditures follow the global economic downturn. The 12.9% increase in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was due to a $2.5 million increase in sales commissions resulting from sales growth, and a $2.2 million increase in conference and trade show expenses resulting from more normalized marketing expenditures following the economic recession. Stock-based compensation expense included in sales and marketing was $600,000, $468,000, and $343,000 for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expense was $12.9 million in both fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011 and $11.0 million in fiscal 2010. The general and administrative expense remained flat in fiscal 2012 as compared to fiscal 2011 primarily due to a $1.3 million decrease in executive performance-based compensation expense and a $419,000 decrease in bad debt expense, which were offset by a $629,000 increase in compensation expense, a $514,000 increase in facility costs, a $378,000 increase in accounting and tax services, and an $81,000 increase non-capitalized hardware and software costs. The 17.6% increase in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was largely due to a $1.3 million increase in executive performance-based compensation expense, a $288,000 increase in accounting and tax services, and a $274,000 increase in bad debt expense. The increase in accounting and tax services included costs associated with outside tax advisors working to address the audit of our fiscal 2007 federal tax returns, which was completed by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, in July 2010. Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative was $634,000, $495,000, and $440,000 for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.
Interest and Other (Expense) Income, net. Interest and other (expense) income, net was an expense of $87,000, an expense of $151,000, and an expense of $70,000 for fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, respectively. The 42.4% decrease in expense in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 was primarily the result of realized foreign currency gains, partially offset by a decrease in interest income. The 115.7% increase in expense in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was primarily the result of realized foreign currency losses, which were partially offset by an increase in interest income.
Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate was 34.1%, 33.5%, and 27.5%, for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. For fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, the effective tax rate differed from the statutory tax rate principally due to state income taxes, the difference between the U.S. and foreign tax rates, research and development credits, the domestic production activities deduction, and compensation expense booked under our ESPP which is not deductible for tax purposes. The increase in our effective tax rate in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 and in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was primarily due to a decrease in tax credits as a percentage of pre-tax net income. Future provisions for taxes will depend on, among other things, the mix and amount of worldwide income, the tax rates in effect for various tax jurisdictions and the amount of research and development tax credits, foreign tax credits and other items for which we are eligible.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities totaling $111.3 million and $114.7 million, respectively.
Cash provided by operating activities was $27.2 million, $26.7 million, and $21.8 million for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities is primarily derived from net income, as adjusted for non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization expense, tax benefits from the exercise of employee stock options, and changes in operating assets and liabilities. The increase in cash provided by
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operating activities in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 was primarily attributable to increases in net income and deferred revenue, which was partially offset by increase in accounts receivable and inventory. The increase in cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was primarily attributable to increases in net income, deferred revenue and accrued liabilities.
Net cash used in investing activities was $13.2 million, $37.1 million and $2.6 million in fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010, respectively. Investing activities include the purchase, sale or maturity of marketable securities, acquisition of property and equipment, and net expenditures for business combinations and technology acquisitions. For fiscal 2012, we used funds of $61.5 million to purchase short-term marketable securities, and funds of $5.5 million to purchase property and equipment. We received proceeds of $53.9 million from the maturity of investments. For fiscal 2011, we used funds of $50.6 million to purchase short-term marketable securities, funds of $3.4 million to purchase property and equipment, and funds of $2.2 million to acquire substantially all the assets associated with the DSAuditor product line from Embarcadero Technologies, Inc., a privately held software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. For fiscal 2010, we used funds of $3.1 million to purchase property and equipment, and funds of $433,000 to acquire technology. We received proceeds of $1.0 million from the maturity of investments.
Cash used in financing activities was $24.6 million, $11.3 million, $5.7 million in fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, respectively. We used $29.9 million during fiscal 2012 to pay a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12 per share to stockholders of record on June 15, 2011, September 15, 2011, December 14, 2011, and March 14, 2012, and a special dividend of $0.85 per share to stockholders of record on December 1, 2011. We used $25.0 million during fiscal 2011 to pay a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share to stockholders of record on June 15, 2010, September 14, 2010, December 7, 2010, and March 16, 2011, and a special dividend of $0.75 per share to stockholders of record on November 14, 2010. We used $7.5 million during fiscal 2010 to pay a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share to stockholders of record on June 15, 2009, September 15, 2009, December 15, 2009, and March 15, 2010. We used cash of $1.1 million, $3.6 million, and $2.3 million to acquire 29,704, 223,399, and 186,550 shares of our common stock pursuant to our stock repurchase program during fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, respectively. During fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, 16,643, 27,261 and 26,352 shares, respectively, were withheld from employees to satisfy the minimum statutory tax withholding obligations with respect to the income recognized by these employees upon the vesting of their restricted stock shares during the applicable period, during fiscal 2012, 13,061 shares were withheld in connection with net settlements of exercised stock options, and the remainder were purchased under our ongoing stock repurchase plan. Cash provided by financing activities reflects the proceeds received from the exercise of stock options and the sale of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan. During fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, we received proceeds of approximately $1.6 million, $14.2 million, and $2.7 million, respectively, and issued 190,732, 1,250,735, and 277,110 shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to employee and director exercises of stock options. During fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, we received proceeds of approximately $1.9 million, $1.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and issued 70,761, 132,933, and 170,271 shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan. Excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options are presented as a cash flow from financing activities. For fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options were $2.9 million, $1.5 million, and $51,000, respectively.
We have commitments under contractual arrangements to make future payments for goods and services. These contractual arrangements secure the rights to various assets and services to be used in future periods in the normal course of business. For example, we are contractually committed to make minimum lease payments for the use of property under operating lease agreements. In accordance with current accounting rules, the future rights and related obligations pertaining to such contractual arrangements are not reported as assets or liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Our liability for unrecognized tax benefits under ASC 740 is reported on our consolidated balance sheets. We expect to fund these contractual arrangements with our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as well as cash generated from operations in the normal course of business.
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The following table summarizes our contractual operating lease arrangements and our liability for unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2012, and the timing and effect that such commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods.
| Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contractual Obligations and Unrecognized Tax |
Total | Fiscal 2013 | Fiscal 2014 – Fiscal 2015 |
Fiscal 2016 – Fiscal 2017 |
After Fiscal 2017 |
Other(1) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Facilities Operating Lease Obligations |
$ | 42,344 | $ | 5,238 | $ | 9,673 | $ | 8,661 | $ | 18,772 | $ | — | ||||||||||||
| Other Operating Lease Obligations |
69 | 30 | 39 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Unrecognized Tax Benefits |
820 | 22 | — | — | — | 798 | ||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
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|
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| Total |
$ | 43,233 | $ | 5,290 | $ | 9,712 | $ | 8,661 | $ | 18,772 | $ | 798 | ||||||||||||
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| (1) | We are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the timing of payments in individual years in connection with these tax liabilities. |
See Notes 10 and 11 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our operating leases. As of March 31, 2012, we had no capital lease obligations.
Effective June 10, 2002, we entered into a credit facility with a commercial bank. The credit facility permitted the use of funds for general corporate purposes and the issuance of letters of credit up to a maximum of $10.0 million in the aggregate. As of March 31, 2012, the lender under our credit facility had issued letters of credit in favor of the beneficiaries under a number of our operating leases in the aggregate amount of $598,000. Upon a default, as defined in the respective office lease agreement, the applicable landlord has the right to draw upon its letter of credit in whole or in part. Interest under this facility, including interest on any amounts drawn under the letters of credit, is payable monthly at an annual rate of 1.25%. The credit facility is collateralized by our accounts receivable.
We expect working capital needs to increase in the foreseeable future in order for us to execute our business plan and growth strategies. We anticipate that operating activities, as well as expected capital expenditures incurred in the normal course of business, will constitute a material use of our cash resources. In addition, we may utilize cash resources to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses, technologies or products as well as repurchase our common stock in accordance with our stock repurchase program authorized by our Board in January 2005, and the payment of dividends to our stockholders.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for working capital, capital expenditures, and dividends through fiscal 2013 and the foreseeable future.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or related parties and, accordingly, there are no off-balance sheet risks to our liquidity and capital resources from unconsolidated entities.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, “Disclosure of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations (as codified in ASC 805 “Business Combinations”). The objective of ASU 2010-29 is to address diversity in practice about the interpretation of the pro forma revenue and earnings disclosure requirements for business combinations. The amendments in this update specify that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The amendments also expand the supplemental pro forma disclosures under Topic 805 “Business Combinations” to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the
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reported pro forma revenue and earnings. ASU 2010-29 was effective for us prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after April 1, 2011. We will be impacted by ASU 2010-29 if it makes an acquisition that is accounted for as a business combination.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement: Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”. ASU 2011-04 is mainly the result of the joint efforts by the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board to develop a single, converged fair value framework on how to measure fair value and common disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 amends various fair value guidance, such as specifying that the concept of highest and best use and the concept of valuation premise in a fair value measurement are relevant only when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets. This guidance also prohibits the use of blockage factors and control premiums when measuring fair value. In addition, ASU 2011-04 expands disclosure requirements particularly for Level 3 inputs and requires disclosure of the level in the fair value hierarchy of items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but whose fair value must be disclosed. For many of the requirements, the FASB does not intend for the amendments in this Update to result in a change in the application of the requirements in ASC 820-10. Certain amendments change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 is effective prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of ASU 2011-04 did not impact our results of operations or financial condition.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05: Presentation of Comprehensive Income (ASU 2011-05). ASU 2011-05 amends current presentation guidance by eliminating the option for an entity to present the components of comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholder’s equity and requires presentation of comprehensive income in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. The amendments in ASU 2011-05 do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU 2011-05, to defer the effective date of the specific requirement to present items that are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income to net income alongside their respective components of net income and other comprehensive income. All other provisions of this update are effective for first annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2011, which will be the reporting period beginning April 1, 2012 for us. We will adopt ASU 2011-05 in our first quarter fiscal 2013 financials. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-05 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, but we do expect the adoption to change our presentation of other comprehensive income in the financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment”, which allows, but does not require, an entity when performing its annual goodwill impairment test the option to first do an initial assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount for purposes of determining whether it is even necessary to perform the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. Accordingly, based on the option created in ASU 2011-08 the calculation of a reporting unit’s fair value is not required unless, as a result of the qualitative assessment, it is more likely than not that fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In this case, the quantitative impairment test is required. ASU 2011-08 also provides for new qualitative indicators to replace those currently used. Prior to ASU 2011-08, entities were required to test goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis, by first comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount (Step 1). If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the second step of the test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2011-08 will not impact our results of operations or financial condition.
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| ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents, and those with maturities greater than three months are considered to be marketable securities. Our cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities consist primarily of United States backed money market funds, United States Treasury bills, and United States Treasury notes with original maturities greater than three months and less than one year. We currently do not hedge interest rate exposure, but do not believe that an increase in interest rates would have a material effect on the value of our cash equivalents or marketable securities.
At March 31, 2012, we had $111.3 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. As of March 31, 2011, we had $114.7 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. Based on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of March 31, 2012, a one percentage point increase or decrease in interest rates would increase or decrease our annual interest income and cash flows by approximately $1.1 million.
At March 31, 2012, $10.2 million of our $72.4 million in cash and cash equivalents was held in money market funds. The money market funds are predominately backed by United States government securities. The per-share net asset value of our money market funds has remained at a constant amount of $1.00 per share. Also, as of March 31, 2012, there were no withdrawal limits on redemptions for any of the money market funds that we hold.
Our consolidated financial statements are denominated in United States dollars and, accordingly, changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the United States dollar will affect the translation of our subsidiaries’ financial results into United States dollars for purposes of reporting our consolidated financial results. The accumulated currency translation adjustment, recorded as a separate component of stockholder’s equity, was a loss of $995,000 and a loss of $649,000 at March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. A majority of our revenue transactions outside the United States are denominated in local currencies and the majority of operating expenses associated with our foreign subsidiaries are denominated in local currencies; therefore, our results of operations and financial condition are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the British pound and the European Union euro. We currently do not hedge foreign exchange rate risk. Approximately 23.8%, 25.9%, and 22.5% of our total revenue for fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, respectively, was generated from outside of the United States. Due to the limited nature of our foreign operations, we do not believe that a 10% change in exchange rates would have a material effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Based on our revenue and operating expenses denominated in foreign currencies during fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011, and fiscal 2010, a 10% increase or decrease in exchange rates would increase or decrease our consolidated net income by approximately $272,000, $43,000, and $56,000, respectively.
At March 31, 2012, we had cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries, for which no United States income or foreign withholding taxes have been recorded, of approximately $7.1 million, which have been reinvested indefinitely. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability with respect to such earnings is not practicable. The additional taxes on the earnings of foreign subsidiaries, if remitted, would be partially offset by United States tax credits for foreign taxes already paid.
| ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
Our financial statements together with the related notes and the report of Deloitte & Touche LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, are set forth in the Index to Financial Statements at Item 15 of this Form 10-K.
| ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES |
None.
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| ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Our management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2012. The “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2012, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Managements’ report on our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) and the independent registered public accounting firm’s related audit report on internal control over financial reporting are included in this Item 9A of this Form 10-K.
No change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of OPNET Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorization of management and directors of the Company; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2012. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on our assessment and those criteria, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2012.
Deloitte & Touche LLP has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2012. This report is included in the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm herein.
OPNET Technologies, Inc.
June 7, 2012
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Audit Committee and Stockholders of OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Bethesda, Maryland
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of OPNET Technologies, Inc., and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2012, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2012, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended March 31, 2012, of the Company and our report dated June 7, 2012, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
McLean, Virginia
June 7, 2012
48
| ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
Not applicable.
49
Certain information required by Part III is omitted from this Annual Report as we intend to file our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report, and certain information included in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
| ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
The information in the section entitled “Executive Officers of the Registrant” in Part I hereof is incorporated herein by reference. The information in the sections entitled “Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and “Code of Business Conduct and Ethics” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
| ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
The information in the sections entitled “Summary Compensation Table,” “Compensation of Directors,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
| ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
The information in the section entitled “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in Part I hereof is incorporated by reference. The information in the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
| ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
The information in the section entitled “Transactions with Related Persons” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
| ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES |
The information in the section entitled “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees and Other Matters” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
50
| ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
| (a) | The following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K: |
| 1. | Financial Statements. The following financial statements of OPNET Technologies, Inc. are filed as part of this Form 10-K on the pages indicated: |
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| (b) | Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the exhibits index immediately preceding such exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
| (c) | Financial Statement Schedules. Financial statement schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the financial statements or related notes in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
51
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 8th day of June, 2012.
| OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC. | ||
| By: |
/s/ MARC A. COHEN | |
| Marc A. Cohen Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the 8th day of June, 2012.
| Signature |
Title | |
| /s/ MARC A. COHEN Marc A. Cohen |
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |
|
Alain J. Cohen |
President, Chief Technology Officer and Director | |
| /s/ MEL F. WESLEY Mel F. Wesley |
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |
| /s/ STEVEN G. FINN Steven G. Finn, ScD |
Director | |
| /s/ RONALD W. KAISER Ronald W. Kaiser |
Director | |
| /s/ WILLIAM F. STASIOR William F. Stasior |
Director | |
52
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Audit Committee and Stockholders of OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Bethesda, Maryland
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of OPNET Technologies, Inc., and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2012. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of OPNET Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2012, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2012, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 7, 2012, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
McLean, Virginia
June 7, 2012
53
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(in thousands, except share data)
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets: |
||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 72,357 | $ | 83,296 | ||||
| Marketable securities |
38,975 | 31,432 | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net of $443 and $346 in allowance for doubtful accounts at March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively |
40,787 | 32,597 | ||||||
| Unbilled accounts receivable |
1,864 | 1,915 | ||||||
| Inventory |
1,704 | 666 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
5,084 | 4,289 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current assets |
160,771 | 154,195 | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net |
13,936 | 12,701 | ||||||
| Intangible assets, net |
2,970 | 4,507 | ||||||
| Goodwill |
15,406 | 15,406 | ||||||
| Deferred income taxes and other assets |
5,182 | 5,014 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total assets |
$ | 198,265 | $ | 191,823 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Current liabilities: |
||||||||
| Accounts payable |
$ | 1,175 | $ | 1,247 | ||||
| Accrued liabilities |
17,717 | 14,698 | ||||||
| Deferred and accrued income taxes |
754 | 186 | ||||||
| Deferred rent |
222 | 182 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue |
47,909 | 42,282 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total current liabilities |
67,777 | 58,595 | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
9 | 107 | ||||||
| Deferred rent |
2,745 | 2,422 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue |
6,950 | 5,215 | ||||||
| Other income tax |
790 | 661 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities |
78,271 | 67,000 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) |
||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: |
||||||||
| Common stock—par value $0.001; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 30,284,291 and 29,883,409 shares issued at March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively; 22,599,682 and 22,228,504 shares outstanding at March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively |
30 | 30 | ||||||
| Additional paid-in capital |
129,439 | 121,230 | ||||||
| Retained earnings |
13,748 | 25,348 | ||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(995 | ) | (649 | ) | ||||
| Treasury stock – 7,684,609 and 7,654,905 shares at March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, at cost |
(22,228 | ) | (21,136 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total stockholders’ equity |
119,994 | 124,823 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
$ | 198,265 | $ | 191,823 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
54
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Revenue: |
||||||||||||
| Product |
$ | 85,820 | $ | 72,392 | $ | 52,252 | ||||||
| Product updates, technical support and services |
62,299 | 53,392 | 47,264 | |||||||||
| Professional services |
24,599 | 22,202 | 26,831 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total revenue |
172,718 | 147,986 | 126,347 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cost of revenue: |
||||||||||||
| Product |
14,177 | 9,293 | 5,983 | |||||||||
| Product updates, technical support and services |
5,922 | 5,260 | 4,859 | |||||||||
| Professional services |
16,407 | 16,183 | 19,328 | |||||||||
| Amortization of acquired technology |
2,159 | 2,050 | 1,835 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total cost of revenue |
38,665 | 32,786 | 32,005 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Gross profit |
134,053 | 115,200 | 94,342 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
| Research and development |
37,781 | 34,718 | 32,043 | |||||||||
| Sales and marketing |
55,413 | 48,733 | 43,181 | |||||||||
| General and administrative |
12,948 | 12,947 | 11,011 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total operating expenses |
106,142 | 96,398 | 86,235 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Income from operations |
27,911 | 18,802 | 8,107 | |||||||||
| Interest and other (expense) income, net |
(87 | ) | (151 | ) | (70 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes |
27,824 | 18,651 | 8,037 | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes |
9,491 | 6,250 | 2,214 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net income |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,823 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Basic net income per common share |
$ | 0.81 | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.28 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Diluted net income per common share |
$ | 0.80 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.28 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |
22,220 | 21,429 | 20,529 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |
22,675 | 22,130 | 20,790 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
55
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid in Capital |
Treasury Stock | Retained Earnings |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Stockholders’ Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Issued |
Shares Outstanding |
Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, April 1, 2009 |
27,904 | 20,658 | $ | 28 | $ | 93,292 | 7,245 | $ | (15,214 | ) | $ | 39,570 | $ | (1,171 | ) | $ | 116,505 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income |
5,823 | 5,823 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation |
172 | 172 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income |
5,995 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of options |
277 | 277 | 2,720 | 2,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
170 | 170 | 1,307 | 1,307 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and lapse of restricted stock |
351 | 351 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures |
36 | 36 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury shares |
(186 | ) | 186 | (2,288 | ) | (2,288 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation expense |
1,559 | 1,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared ($0.36 per share) |
(7,473 | ) | (7,473 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2010 |
28,387 | 20,955 | 28 | 99,229 | 7,431 | (17,502 | ) | 37,920 | (999 | ) | 118,676 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income |
12,401 | 12,401 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation |
346 | 346 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on marketable securities |
4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income |
12,751 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of options |
1,251 | 1,251 | 2 | 14,240 | 14,242 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
133 | 133 | 1,547 | 1,547 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and lapse of restricted stock |
4,225 | 4,225 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures |
113 | 113 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury shares |
(223 | ) | 223 | (3,634 | ) | (3,634 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation expense |
1,989 | 1,989 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared ($1.15 per share) (a) |
(24,974 | ) | (24,974 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
(1 | ) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2011 |
29,883 | 22,229 | 30 | 121,230 | 7,655 | (21,136 | ) | 25,348 | (649 | ) | 124,823 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income |
18,333 | 18,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation |
(335 | ) | (335 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on marketable securities |
(11 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income |
17,987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercise of options |
191 | 191 | 1,617 | 1,617 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net settlement of exercised options, net of shares withheld for minimum tax withholding |
57 | 57 | (1,427 | ) | (1,427 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee stock purchase plan |
71 | 71 | 1,945 | 1,945 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and lapse of restricted stock |
3,386 | 3,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock issuance, net of forfeitures |
82 | 82 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of treasury shares |
(30 | ) | 30 | (1,093 | ) | (1,093 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation expense |
2,688 | 2,688 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared ($1.33 per share) (a) |
(29,933 | ) | (29,933 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other |
1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2012 |
30,284 | 22,600 | $ | 30 | $ | 129,439 | 7,685 | $ | (22,228 | ) | $ | 13,748 | $ | (995 | ) | $ | 119,994 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| (a) | Includes special dividend of $0.85 and $0.75 per share in fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011, respectively. |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
56
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,823 | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization |
6,341 | 5,793 | 5,340 | |||||||||
| Loss on disposition of fixed assets |
55 | 51 | 45 | |||||||||
| Provision for losses on accounts receivable |
152 | 571 | 297 | |||||||||
| Deferred income taxes |
(1,113 | ) | (997 | ) | (328 | ) | ||||||
| Non-cash stock-based compensation expense |
2,688 | 1,989 | 1,559 | |||||||||
| Non-cash accretion of market discount on marketable securities |
69 | 45 | (1 | ) | ||||||||
| Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options |
(2,894 | ) | (1,471 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired: |
||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable |
(8,319 | ) | (2,332 | ) | (3,518 | ) | ||||||
| Inventory |
(2,840 | ) | 718 | 197 | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(399 | ) | (348 | ) | (364 | ) | ||||||
| Other assets |
(31 | ) | (714 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||||
| Accounts payable |
(100 | ) | (159 | ) | 874 | |||||||
| Accrued liabilities |
3,424 | 3,473 | 158 | |||||||||
| Accrued income taxes |
4,061 | 3,575 | 1,913 | |||||||||
| Deferred rent |
363 | 34 | (365 | ) | ||||||||
| Deferred revenue |
7,362 | 4,046 | 10,238 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
27,152 | 26,675 | 21,777 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||||||
| Acquisition of business |
— | (2,225 | ) | — | ||||||||
| Acquired technology |
(120 | ) | — | (433 | ) | |||||||
| Purchase of property and equipment |
(5,476 | ) | (3,407 | ) | (3,148 | ) | ||||||
| Purchase of investments |
(61,517 | ) | (50,554 | ) | — | |||||||
| Proceeds from sale/maturity of investments |
53,890 | 19,083 | 1,000 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities |
(13,223 | ) | (37,103 | ) | (2,581 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||||||
| Acquisition of treasury stock |
(1,093 | ) | (3,634 | ) | (2,288 | ) | ||||||
| Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options |
2,894 | 1,471 | 51 | |||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
1,617 | 14,241 | 2,720 | |||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan |
1,945 | 1,547 | 1,307 | |||||||||
| Payment of dividend to stockholders |
(29,933 | ) | (24,974 | ) | (7,473 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities |
(24,570 | ) | (11,349 | ) | (5,683 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
(298 | ) | 392 | 178 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(10,939 | ) | (21,385 | ) | 13,691 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year |
83,296 | 104,681 | 90,990 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of year |
$ | 72,357 | $ | 83,296 | $ | 104,681 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
57
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies
Organization. OPNET Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries, (hereafter, the Company or OPNET), provides application and network performance management solutions. The Company’s software products address application performance management, network planning, engineering and operations, and network research and development. The Company sells products to corporate enterprises, government and defense agencies, network service providers, and network equipment manufacturers. The Company markets software products and related services in North America primarily through a direct sales force and, to a lesser extent, several resellers and original equipment manufacturers. Internationally, the Company conducts research and development through a wholly-controlled subsidiary in Ghent, Belgium and markets software products and related services through (1) wholly-owned subsidiaries in Paris, France; Frankfurt, Germany; Slough, United Kingdom; Singapore; and Milton Australia (2) a registered office in Beijing, China (3) third-party distributors; and (4) value-added resellers. The Company is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland and has domestic offices in Cary, North Carolina; Dallas, Texas; Santa Clara, California; Nashua, New Hampshire; and Colorado Spring, Colorado.
Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the results of OPNET Technologies, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiaries: OPNET Technologies Societe par Actions Simplifiee; OPNET Technologies Limited; OPNET Analysis, Inc.; OPNET Technologies, GmbH; OPNET Technologies Asia, Pte. Ltd., and OPNET Technologies Pty Ltd, its wholly-controlled subsidiary OPNET Technologies b.v.b.a, and its registered office in Beijing China. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates, judgments, and assumptions include revenue recognition, the carrying amount and useful lives of long-lived assets, valuation allowances for deferred tax assets, research and development tax credits, determination of uncertain tax position benefits under ASC 740 Income Taxes, or ASC 740, software development costs, valuation of acquired intangible assets, valuation of stock based compensation, and loss contingencies, such as litigation, claims and assessments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of deposits in banks and all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased.
Marketable Securities. The Company has determined that its investments in marketable securities are to be classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets under the caption “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization, realized gains and losses, and interest and dividends are included in the “Interest and other (expense) income, net” line item on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
Supplemental Cash Flow Information.
| Year ended March 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Cash paid (received) during the fiscal year for: |
||||||||||||
| Income taxes |
$ | 6,388 | $ | 3,558 | $ | 527 | ||||||
| Interest |
$ | 5 | $ | (14 | ) | $ | 5 | |||||
| Non-cash financing and investing activities: |
||||||||||||
| Unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities |
$ | (11 | ) | $ | 4 | $ | — | |||||
| Restricted stock issued |
$ | 2,827 | $ | 2,413 | $ | 622 | ||||||
| Accrued liability for the purchase of property and equipment |
$ | 556 | $ | 149 | $ | 11 | ||||||
| Net settlement of stock options |
$ | 1,355 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Advertising Expense. Advertising costs are expensed when incurred. Advertising expense for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $752,000, $556,000, and $497,000, respectively.
Concentration of Credit Risk. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. The Company generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable, as the majority of its customers are large, well-established companies or government entities.
The Company maintains its cash balances at several financial institutions. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation fully insures the non-interest bearing bank accounts and interest bearing accounts up to $250,000. Although the Company’s interest bearing balances exceed $250,000, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk related to cash.
The Company’s cash equivalents and short-term marketable securities consist primarily of United States backed money market funds and securities with short-term maturities. The per-share net asset value of the Company’s money market funds has remained at a constant amount of $1.00 per share. Also, as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no withdrawal limits on redemptions for any of the money market funds that the Company held. Accordingly, the Company has no quantitative information concerning the market risks and believes that the risk is minimal.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The fair value of the Company’s accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximates their respective carrying amounts.
The Company measures its cash equivalents and marketable securities using the fair value measurement principles of ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820, which requires that fair value be based on the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability.
ASC 820 requires disclosures regarding the manner in which fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a three-tiered fair value hierarchy into which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based upon significant levels of inputs as follows:
| • | Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
| • | Level 2 – Observable inputs, other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable inputs. |
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
| • | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. |
The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.
Software Development Costs. Development costs incurred in the research and development of new software products and enhancements to existing software products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. The Company considers technological feasibility to be established when all planning, designing, coding, and testing has been completed according to design specifications. After technological feasibility has been established, any additional costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985 Software, or ASC 985. Through March 31, 2012, software development has been substantially completed concurrently with the establishment of technological feasibility and, accordingly, no costs have been capitalized to date.
Property and Equipment. Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation on property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, of five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the assets, the non-cancelable term of the related lease, or the non-cancelable lease term plus all periods for which executive management believes that the failure to renew the lease imposes a penalty in an amount such that the renewal appears, at the inception of the lease, to be reasonably assured. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Intangible Assets. The Company accounts for its goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with ASC 805 Business Combinations, or ASC 805, and ASC 350 Intangibles – Goodwill and Other, or ASC 350. The acquired and purchased technology are stated at the lower of unamortized cost or net realizable value and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives of three to five years. The Company’s customer relationship and workforce intangible assets are amortized on an accelerated basis over their expected useful lives of four and one-half years and five years, respectively. The Company uses the projected discounted cash flow method in valuing its acquired technology and purchased customer relationships using certain assumptions including revenue growth, cost levels, present value discount rate, and working capital requirements. The Company uses the lower of the amount of cash paid or the present value of projected discounted cash flows to value purchased technology. The workforce asset was valued on a replacement cost basis. While the Company believes the assumptions used to value its acquired technology related to acquisitions are reasonable, actual results will likely differ from those assumptions. Future cash flows are subject to change for a variety of internal and external factors. The Company periodically reviews the value of acquired technology and purchased intangible assets for impairment in accordance with ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment, or ASC 360. If changes in the Company’s assumptions at the time of future periodic reviews indicate that the carrying value of its acquired technology and purchased intangible assets exceeds their fair value and it determines that carrying amounts cannot be recovered, it would result in impairment losses. As of March 31, 2012 and 2011, intangible assets totaled $3.0 million and $4.5 million, net of accumulated amortization of $14.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively. There has been no impairment as of March 31, 2012 or 2011.
Goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually during the Company’s fourth quarter and whenever events and circumstances occur indicating that the asset might be impaired. The Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 and concluded that the fair value exceeded the carrying value; therefore, it did not record any impairment. The Company has not recorded a goodwill impairment since it first recorded goodwill in fiscal 2001.
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets. In accordance with ASC 360, the Company reviews its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the asset. There has been no impairment as of March 31, 2012 or 2011.
Revenue Recognition. The Company derives revenue from three primary sources: (1) product revenue, (2) product updates, technical support and services revenue, which include product updates, training services on a when-and-if-available basis, and technical support, and (3) professional services revenue, which include consulting and custom training services for customers without a current maintenance agreement. The Company recognizes revenue based on the provisions of ASC 605-985 Software Revenue Recognition, or ASC 605-985.
Product Revenue
Product revenue represents all fees earned from granting customers perpetual and term licenses to use the Company’s software as well as the hardware that it uses to deliver its AppResponse Xpert software products. It excludes revenue derived from product updates, which are included in product updates, technical support and services revenue. For the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, perpetual licenses represented approximately 96%, 91%, and 92% of product revenue, respectively. Product revenue is recognized when the following four criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery of the software has occurred, (iii) the product fee is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectibility is probable. The Company defines each of these four criteria as follows:
| • | Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. For license arrangements with end-users, it is the Company’s customary practice to have a written software license agreement, which is signed by both the end user and the Company, and a purchase order or equivalent. A written contract can be executed based on the customer-specific format or on the standard “shrink wrap” software master license agreement. For those end users who have previously negotiated a software license agreement with the Company, the initial software license agreement is used as evidence of a written contract. Sales to distributors, resellers, and value-added resellers, which the Company collectively refers to as resellers, are evidenced by a master reseller agreement governing the relationship, which is signed by both the reseller and the Company, together with a purchase order on a transaction-by-transaction basis. To further evidence an arrangement, the Company’s master reseller agreement requires that the reseller provide the Company copies of the end user’s executed software master license agreements. |
| • | Delivery has occurred. Physical delivery of the Company’s software products to end users or resellers, which are collectively referred to as customers, is generally considered to have occurred upon the transfer of media containing the Company’s software products to a common carrier (usually FOB shipping point based on standard agreement terms). Software licenses may also be delivered electronically to end users. Electronic delivery is deemed to occur after end users have been provided with access codes that allow them to take immediate possession of the software. If a software arrangement includes undelivered software products or services that are essential to the functionality of delivered software products, delivery is not considered to have occurred until these software products or services are delivered. |
| • | The fee is fixed or determinable. It is the Company’s policy to not provide customers the right to any adjustments or refund of any portion of their license fees paid, acceptance provisions, cancellation privileges, or rights of return. The Company’s normal payment terms for its software products and services currently range from net 30 days to net 90 days and primarily vary based on the country in |
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
| which an agreement is executed. Payments that extend beyond the Company’s normal payment terms from the contract date but that are due within six months have generally been deemed to be fixed or determinable based on the Company’s successful collection history on such arrangements, and thereby satisfy the required criteria for revenue recognition. Arrangements with payment terms extending beyond six months are recognized as payments become due and payable, as the Company is unable to demonstrate a history of collecting under similar payment terms with similar arrangements. |
| • | Collectibility is probable. Collectibility is assessed on a customer-by-customer basis. The Company typically sells to customers for whom there is a history of successful collection. New customers are subject to a credit review process that evaluates the customer’s ability to pay. If the Company determines from the outset of an arrangement that collectibility is not probable, revenue is recognized as cash is collected. |
In instances when any of the four criteria are not met, the Company defers recognition of product revenue until the criteria are met. When the sale of the software product requires the Company to make significant enhancements, customization or modifications to the software that are essential to its functionality, product revenue and consulting fees are recognized using contract accounting under ASC 605-35 Revenue Recognition – Construction-Type and Production, or ASC 605-35. The Company estimates the percentage-of-completion, under ASC 605-35, based on its estimate of total hours to complete the project as a percentage of total hours incurred and the estimated hours to complete as the Company has a history of accurately estimating project hours.
All fees billed to clients for shipping and handling are classified as product revenue. All costs associated with shipping and handling are classified as cost of product revenue.
Product Update, Technical Support, and Services Revenue
Product updates, technical support and services revenue represents fees associated with the sale of product updates, training, and technical support, all provided on a when-and-if-available basis (except for technical support) under the Company’s maintenance agreement. Payments for product updates, technical support and services on initial order or on renewal are generally made in advance and are nonrefundable. Product updates consist of the right to unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis and are typically entered into in connection with the initial software product purchase. Product updates, technical support and services may be renewed upon expiration of the term. Customers can purchase product updates separately from technical support and services. Revenue from product updates, technical support and services is deferred and recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance agreement.
Revenue under multiple-element arrangements, which typically include product, consulting services, training and maintenance agreements sold together, are allocated to each element in the arrangement primarily using the residual method based upon the fair value of the undelivered elements, which is specific to the Company vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value, or VSOE. This means that the Company defers revenue from the arrangement fee equivalent to the fair value of the undelivered elements. Discounts, if any, are applied to the delivered elements, usually product, under the residual method. For periodic unspecified product updates and technical support agreements, VSOE is based upon either the renewal rate specified in each contract or the price charged when sold separately. For consulting services and training for customers without a current maintenance agreement, VSOE is based upon the rates charged for these services when sold separately.
If the Company is unable to establish VSOE for an undelivered post-contract customer support, or PCS, element, for example, in a two-year term license where the license term and PCS are coterminous and no PCS renewal period exists, all revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period. For income statement
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
classification purposes, the Company’s allocation methodology is based on VSOE of fair value for its professional services which is determined by the price charged when sold separately, and the contractually stated renewal rates for its PCS, generally 18% to 21% of the license fee paid, on perpetual licenses. The Company uses the residual method to allocate any remaining arrangement fee to product revenue.
Professional Services Revenue
Professional services revenue consists of fees from consulting services and training for customers without a current maintenance agreement and is recognized as the services are performed. Although not typical, if the Company enters into consulting service arrangements that include significant modifications to the software that are essential to the customer’s use and the arrangement is bundled with software, revenue under the entire arrangement is recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. For income statement classification purposes, the Company has developed a revenue allocation methodology for these arrangements that is consistent with the residual method used, and described under ASC 605-985, when services are not essential to the functionality of the software. In these circumstances, revenue is allocated to the various elements of the arrangement based on the Company’s VSOE of fair value and the residual amount is allocated to product revenue.
The Company sells product, product updates, technical support and services agreements to distributors at predetermined prices. Sales to distributors are not contingent upon resale of the software to the end user. In most cases, the Company provides product updates, technical support and services agreements directly to distributors and the distributors provide support to the end customer. Revenue from sales to distributors is recorded at the amounts charged to the distributor and in the same manner as product, product updates, technical support and services sales sold through the Company’s direct sales force. Amounts received in advance of revenue recognition are classified as deferred revenue.
Sales taxes and other taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are presented on a net basis, and as such, are excluded from revenues.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments and for the limited circumstances when the customer disputes the amounts due the Company. The Company’s methodology for determining this allowance requires significant estimates. In estimating the allowance, the Company considers the age of the receivable, the creditworthiness of the customer, the economic conditions of the customer’s industry and general economic conditions.
Income Taxes. Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 740. The income tax provision includes income taxes currently payable plus the net change during the year in deferred tax assets or liabilities. Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the differences between the carrying value under GAAP and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the period in which the differences are expected to reverse. Judgments and estimates are required in the calculation of the deferred tax assets, valuation allowance, research and development tax credits, and foreign tax credits.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not, and a measurement attribute for all tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, in order for these positions to be recognized in the financial statements. The Company continually reviews tax laws, regulations and guidance in order to properly record any uncertain tax positions.
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
Foreign Currency Transactions. Gains or losses on foreign exchange transactions are reported in the consolidated statements of operations.
Foreign Currency Translation. The results of operations for the Company’s international subsidiaries are translated from the designated functional currencies into United States dollars using average exchange rates during each period. Assets and liabilities are translated using exchange rates at the end of each period. Translation gains and losses are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity.
Comprehensive Income. Certain revenues, expenses, gains and losses are recognized in comprehensive income but excluded from net income. Comprehensive income includes net income, foreign currency translation adjustments, and unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities.
Earnings per Share. The Company accounts for earnings per share, or EPS, in accordance with ASC 260 Earnings per Share, or ASC 260. ASC 260 states that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. FSP EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions are Participating Securities” (as codified in ASC 260) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company applied the provisions of FSP EITF 03-6-1 in fiscal 2010. The Company’s participating securities include nonvested restricted stock.
Stock-Based Compensation. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation given to employees in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation, or ASC 718. ASC 718 requires all share-based payments and nonvested shares (restricted stock) issued to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be valued at fair value on the date of grant, and to be expensed over the applicable vesting period.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU 2010-29, “Disclosure of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations. The objective of ASU 2010-29 is to address diversity in practice about the interpretation of the pro forma revenue and earnings disclosure requirements for business combinations. The amendments in this update specify that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The amendments also expand the supplemental pro forma disclosures under Topic 805 “Business Combinations” to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. ASU 2010-29 was effective for the company prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after April 1, 2011. The Company will be impacted by ASU 2010-29 if it makes an acquisition that is accounted for as a business combination.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income”. ASU 2011-05 amends current presentation guidance by eliminating the option for an entity to present the components of comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholder’s equity and requires presentation of comprehensive income in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. The amendments in ASU 2011-05 do not change the items that must be reported in other
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU 2011-05, to defer the effective date of the specific requirement to present items that are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income to net income alongside their respective components of net income and other comprehensive income. All other provisions of this update are effective for first annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company will adopt ASU 2011-05 in its first quarter fiscal 2013 financials. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-05 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements, but does expect the adoption to change the Company’s presentation of other comprehensive income in the financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment”, which allows, but does not require, an entity when performing its annual goodwill impairment test the option to first do an initial assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount for purposes of determining whether it is even necessary to perform the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. Accordingly, based on the option created in ASU 2011-08 the calculation of a reporting unit’s fair value is not required unless, as a result of the qualitative assessment, it is more likely than not that fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In this case, the quantitative impairment test is required. ASU 2011-08 also provides for new qualitative indicators to replace those currently used. Prior to ASU 2011-08, entities were required to test goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis, by first comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount (Step 1). If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the second step of the test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2011-08 will not impact the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2009, the FASB, issued ASU 2009-14, “Certain Revenue Arrangement That Include Software Elements,” and ASU 2009-13, “Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements,” which amends Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 08-1, “Revenue Arrangements With Multiple Deliverables”. ASU 2009-14 amends the scoping guidance for software arrangements to exclude tangible products that contain software elements and nonsoftware elements that function together to interdependently deliver the product’s essential functionality. ASU 2009-13 amends the current guidance on arrangements with multiple elements to (1) eliminate the separation criterion that requires entities to establish objective and reliable evidence of fair value for undelivered elements, (2) establish a selling price hierarchy to help entities allocate arrangement consideration to the separate units of account, (3) require the relative selling price allocation method for all arrangements (i.e., eliminate the residual method), and (4) significantly expand required disclosures. ASU 2009-14 and ASU 2009-13 were effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after June 15, 2010, and the Company adopted both standards on April 1, 2011. The adoption of ASU 2009-14 and ASU 2009-13 did not have a material impact on its results of operations or financial condition.
In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-06, “Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements”, which requires new disclosures concerning transfers into and out of Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy and a roll forward of the activity of assets and liabilities measured in Level 3 of the hierarchy. In addition, ASU 2010-06 clarifies existing disclosure requirements to require fair value measurement disclosures for each class of assets and liabilities and disclosure regarding the valuation techniques and inputs
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
used to measure Level 2 or Level 3 fair value measurements on a recurring and nonrecurring basis. ASU 2010-06 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009 except for the roll forward of activity for Level 3 fair value measurements, which was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-28, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): When to Perform Step 2 of the Goodwill Impairment Test for Reporting Units with Zero or Negative Carrying Amounts”, which addresses how to apply Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test when a reporting unit has a zero or negative carrying amount. ASU 2010-28 requires for those reporting units with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform Step 2 of the impairment test if qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment of goodwill exists. ASU 2010-28 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-28 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement: Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”. ASU 2011-04 is mainly the result of the joint efforts by the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board to develop a single, converged fair value framework on how to measure fair value and common disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 amends various fair value guidance, such as specifying that the concept of highest and best use and the concept of valuation premise in a fair value measurement are relevant only when measuring the fair value of nonfinancial assets. This guidance also prohibits the use of blockage factors and control premiums when measuring fair value. In addition, ASU 2011-04 expands disclosure requirements particularly for Level 3 inputs and requires disclosure of the level in the fair value hierarchy of items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but whose fair value must be disclosed. For many of the requirements, the FASB does not intend for the amendments in this Update to result in a change in the application of the requirements in ASC 820-10. Certain amendments change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 is effective prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of ASU 2011-04 did not impact the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
2. Stock-Based Compensation
In September 2009, the Company’s stockholders approved the adoption of the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, or the 2010 Plan, in response to the pending expiration of the Company’s Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, or the 2000 Plan. The 2010 Plan provides for the granting of stock options, restricted stock and other stock-based awards to employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors. Subject to specified adjustments, the number of shares initially set aside and reserved for issuance under the 2010 Plan was 2,150,000 shares, which approximated the number of shares available for issuance under the 2000 Plan as of January 1, 2010, the effective date of the 2010 Plan. The Board approved a resolution to make no further grants for options or stock awards under the 2000 Plan upon approval of the 2010 Plan.
The number of shares available for issuance under the 2010 Plan will automatically increase from time to time by a number equal to (i) in the event any outstanding stock option granted under the 2000 Plan should for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without having been exercised in full, the number of shares that are not acquired under such stock option and (ii) in the event stock that has been issued to a participant under the 2000 Plan pursuant to restricted or unrestricted stock awards is subsequently forfeited or
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
acquired by the Company as a result of a failure to vest or satisfy any other contingency, the number of such shares. The maximum aggregate number of additional shares that may become available for issuance in these situations is 2,000,000 shares, subject to specified adjustments.
The number of shares available for issuance under the 2010 Plan will automatically increase on the first trading day of each calendar year, beginning with 2011 and continuing through the term of the 2010 Plan, by an amount equal to the lesser of (i) three percent (3%) of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding on the last trading day of the preceding calendar year, or (ii) an amount determined by the Board; provided, however, that in no event shall any such annual increase exceed 1,000,000 shares. This provision, commonly referred to as an “evergreen” provision, is similar to the provision in the 2000 Plan.
Options granted pursuant to the 2010 Plan will be exercisable at such times and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board may specify in the applicable option agreement, but no option may be granted for a term in excess of 10 years. The terms and conditions of any restricted stock awards granted under the 2010 Plan, including the conditions for repurchase or forfeiture and the issue price, if any, will be determined by the Board. The Board also has the right to grant other stock awards pursuant to the 2010 Plan having such terms and conditions as the Board may determine, including the grant of fully vested shares, the grant of securities convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock and the grant of stock appreciation rights.
ASC 718 requires an entity to recognize an expense within its income statement for all share-based payment arrangements, which includes employee stock option plans, restricted stock grants, and employee stock purchase plans. The Company has elected to use straight-line amortization of stock-based compensation expense for the entire award over the service period since the awards have only service conditions and graded vesting.
Compensation cost for option grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award (from the date of grant through the period of the last separately vesting portion of the grant). Compensation cost is recognized within the income statement in the same expense line as the cash compensation paid to the respective employees. ASC 718 also requires the Company to estimate forfeitures in calculating the expense related to stock-based compensation. The impact on compensation cost due to changes in the expected forfeiture rate will be recognized in the period that they become known. The Company has concluded that its historical forfeiture rate is the best measure to estimate future forfeitures of granted stock options. The impact on compensation cost due to changes in the expected forfeiture rate of 10% will be recognized in the period that they become known. The Company does not apply a forfeiture rate to the options granted to certain key executives or directors. The Company has concluded that historically certain key executives and directors will perform the requisite service to vest in the award.
Excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options are presented as a cash flow from financing activity. For fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options were $2.9 million, $1.5 million, and $51,000, respectively.
67
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
A summary of the total stock-based compensation expense for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 is as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Restricted stock |
$ | 1,787 | $ | 1,316 | $ | 941 | ||||||
| ESPP shares |
648 | 467 | 490 | |||||||||
| Stock options |
253 | 206 | 128 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total stock-based compensation |
$ | 2,688 | $ | 1,989 | $ | 1,559 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
A summary of the total nonvested stock-based deferred compensation at March 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||
| Restricted stock |
$ | 3,449 | $ | 2,336 | ||||
| Stock options |
504 | 710 | ||||||
| ESPP shares |
324 | 197 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total nonvested stock-based deferred compensation |
$ | 4,277 | $ | 3,243 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
The deferred compensation at March 31, 2012 related to nonvested restricted stock, stock options, and the Company’s 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, shares is expected to be recognized over the following weighted average periods:
| Period | ||||
| Restricted stock |
1 year | |||
| Stock options |
2 years | |||
| Employee stock purchase plan shares |
4 months | |||
Stock Options
The Company’s stock option grants are accounted for as equity awards. The expense is based on the grant-date fair value of the options granted, and is recognized over the requisite service period.
68
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
A summary of the option transactions for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 is as follows:
| 2012 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Weighted Average Remaining Contract Life (Years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at beginning of period |
1,131,997 | $ | 9.42 | — | $ | 22,165 | $ | 5.70 | ||||||||||||
| Granted |
— | $ | — | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||
| Exercised |
(317,232 | ) | $ | 9.37 | — | $ | 9,190 | $ | 6.48 | |||||||||||
| Forfeited or expired |
(7,000 | ) | $ | 8.95 | — | $ | 140 | $ | 6.19 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at end of period |
807,765 | $ | 9.44 | 3.38 | $ | 15,797 | $ | 5.38 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at end of period |
532,765 | $ | 9.26 | 1.28 | $ | 10,515 | $ | 6.01 | ||||||||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
275,000 | $ | 9.79 | 7.44 | $ | 5,283 | $ | 4.17 | ||||||||||||
| Nonvested expected to be exercised |
247,500 | $ | 9.79 | 7.44 | $ | 4,754 | $ | 4.17 | ||||||||||||
| 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Weighted Average Remaining Contract Life (Years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at beginning of period |
2,494,082 | $ | 10.86 | — | $ | 68,797 | $ | 7.31 | ||||||||||||
| Granted |
— | $ | — | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||
| Exercised |
(1,250,735 | ) | $ | 11.39 | — | $ | 10,443 | $ | 8.24 | |||||||||||
| Forfeited or expired |
(111,350 | ) | $ | 19.50 | — | $ | 2,109 | $ | 13.30 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at end of period |
1,131,997 | $ | 9.42 | 3.39 | $ | 32,851 | $ | 5.70 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at end of period |
856,997 | $ | 9.30 | 1.77 | $ | 24,972 | $ | 6.19 | ||||||||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
275,000 | $ | 9.79 | 8.44 | $ | 7,879 | $ | 4.17 | ||||||||||||
| 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Weighted Average Remaining Contract Life (Years) |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at beginning of period |
2,556,723 | $ | 10.89 | — | $ | 13,569 | $ | 7.62 | ||||||||||||
| Granted |
275,000 | $ | 9.79 | — | $ | 1,719 | $ | 4.17 | ||||||||||||
| Exercised |
(277,110 | ) | $ | 9.82 | — | $ | 1,112 | $ | 6.80 | |||||||||||
| Forfeited or expired |
(60,531 | ) | $ | 12.11 | — | $ | 248 | $ | 8.53 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at end of period |
2,494,082 | $ | 10.86 | 2.82 | $ | 13,314 | $ | 7.31 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable at end of period |
2,219,082 | $ | 10.99 | 2.00 | $ | 11,596 | $ | 7.70 | ||||||||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
275,000 | $ | 9.79 | 9.44 | $ | 1,719 | $ | 4.17 | ||||||||||||
To estimate the grant-date fair value of its stock options, the Company used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model estimates the per share fair value of an option on its date of grant based on the following; the option’s exercise price; the price of the underlying stock on the date of grant; the estimated dividend yield; a “risk-free” interest rate; the estimated option term; and the expected volatility. For the “risk-free” interest rate, the Company used a United States Treasury Bond due in the number of years equal to the
69
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
option’s expected term. The estimated option term was calculated based upon the simplified method set out in ASC 718. The Company used the simplified method to determine the estimated option term because it lacked sufficient historical share option exercise data at the time the options were granted. To determine expected volatility, the Company analyzed the historical volatility of its stock over the expected term of the option.
The Company granted 275,000 stock options during fiscal 2010. The Company did not grant any stock options during fiscal 2012 or fiscal 2011. No stock options vested during fiscal 2012, fiscal 2011 or 2010. The weighted average assumptions used to determine the grant-date fair value for stock options for fiscal 2010 are as follows:
| 2010 | ||||
| Risk-free interest rate |
3.07 | % | ||
| Expected dividend yield |
3.68 | % | ||
| Expected life |
7 years | |||
| Volatility factor |
58 | % | ||
During fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, the Company received proceeds of approximately $1.6 million, $14.2 million, and $2.7 million, respectively, and issued 190,732, 1,250,735, and 277,110 shares of common stock, respectively, pursuant to employee exercises of stock options. In addition during fiscal 2012, 57,463 commons shares were issued in net settlement of exercised options. The 57,463 common shares are net of 69,037 shares withheld for minimum tax withholding.
Restricted Stock
The Company’s restricted stock grants are accounted for as equity awards. The expense is based on the price of the Company’s common stock on the date the restricted stock award is granted, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company’s restricted stock agreements do not contain any post-vesting restrictions.
A summary of the restricted stock grants is as follows:
| 2012 | ||||||||
| Restricted Stock Grants |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||||
| Nonvested at beginning of period |
190,613 | $ | 17.48 | |||||
| Granted |
87,902 | $ | 35.19 | |||||
| Vested |
(77,359 | ) | $ | 13.20 | ||||
| Forfeited |
(5,640 | ) | $ | 15.96 | ||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
195,516 | $ | 27.15 | |||||
| Nonvested expected to vest |
177,715 | $ | 27.13 | |||||
70
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
| 2011 | ||||||||
| Restricted Stock Grants |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||||
| Nonvested at beginning of period |
183,797 | $ | 10.87 | |||||
| Granted |
114,340 | $ | 22.97 | |||||
| Vested |
(105,967 | ) | $ | 12.05 | ||||
| Forfeited |
(1,557 | ) | $ | 13.44 | ||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
190,613 | $ | 17.45 | |||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| 2010 | ||||||||
| Restricted Stock Grants |
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||||
| Nonvested at beginning of period |
235,562 | $ | 10.66 | |||||
| Granted |
55,856 | $ | 12.01 | |||||
| Vested |
(87,872 | ) | $ | 11.31 | ||||
| Forfeited |
(19,749 | ) | $ | 9.64 | ||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| Nonvested at end of period |
183,797 | $ | 10.87 | |||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company’s ESPP provides for all eligible employees to collectively purchase up to a total of 3,070,000 shares of its common stock. An employee may authorize a payroll deduction up to a maximum of 10% of his or her compensation during the plan period. The purchase price for each share purchased is the lesser of 85% of the closing price of the common stock on the first or last day of the plan period. The plan period for the ESPP ends on the last day of January and July of each year.
To estimate the fair value of shares issued under its ESPP, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes model estimates the per share fair value of an ESPP share at the beginning of the plan period based on the following: the price of the underlying stock on the first day of the plan period; the estimated dividend yield; a “risk-free” interest rate; the term of the plan period (six months); and the expected volatility. For the “risk-free” interest rate, the Company uses a United States Treasury Bond due in six months. To determine expected volatility, the Company analyzes the historical volatility of its stock over the 6 months prior to the first day of the plan period.
A total of 70,761, 132,933, and 170,271 shares of the Company’s common stock were issued under the ESPP in fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The issuance of the common stock resulted in proceeds to the Company of $1.9 million, $1.5 million, and $1.3 million, respectively.
71
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
The weighted average assumptions to determine the value for ESPP shares for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 are as follows:
| Plan Period Starting February 2012 |
Plan Period Starting August 2011 |
Plan Period Starting February 2011 |
Plan Period Starting August 2010 |
Plan Period Starting February 2010 |
Plan Period Starting August 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rate |
0.09 | % | 0.16 | % | 0.18 | % | 0.20 | % | 0.17 | % | 0.28 | % | ||||||||||||
| Expected dividend yield |
1.30 | % | 1.36 | % | 1.35 | % | 2.60 | % | 2.95 | % | 3.70 | % | ||||||||||||
| Expected life |
0.5 years | 0.5 years | 0.5 years | 0.5 years | 0.5 years | 0.5 years | ||||||||||||||||||
| Volatility factor |
68 | % | 38 | % | 51 | % | 40 | % | 41 | % | 70 | % | ||||||||||||
3. Acquisition of DSAuditor from Embarcadero Technologies, Inc.
On August 25, 2010, the Company acquired substantially all the assets associated with the DSAuditor product line from Embarcadero Technologies, Inc., or Embarcadero, a privately held software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. The Company paid approximately $2.3 million cash to Embarcadero to acquire such assets. An initial payment of $25,000 was made in September 2009, and the remaining purchase price of $2.25 million was made in August 2010. DSAuditor is a software product that provides visibility into database activity and performance. The acquisition contributed key capabilities to the Company’s product portfolio for application performance management.
The DSAuditor product line acquisition was accounted for as a business combination in accordance with the guidance outlined in ASC Topic 805. The acquisition date fair value of the total consideration transferred was approximately $2.3 million.
The following table summarizes the fair values of the DSAuditor product line acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date:
| At August 25, 2010 | Amortization Method |
Useful Life | ||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||
| Property and equipment, net |
$ | 14 | Straight-line | 1 month-3 years | ||||
| Deferred revenue |
(79 | ) | ||||||
| Identifiable intangible assets: |
||||||||
| Developed technology – DS Auditor |
1,458 | Straight-line | 5 years | |||||
| Trade names and trademark |
47 | Straight-line | 5 years | |||||
| Customer relationships |
27 | Straight-line | 5 years | |||||
| Non-compete agreements |
16 | Straight-line | 1 year | |||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total identifiable assets |
1,483 | |||||||
| Goodwill |
767 | |||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net assets acquired |
$ | 2,250 | ||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist primarily of the developed technology associated with the DSAuditor product acquired. The Company determined that estimated acquisition date fair value of the DSAuditor developed technology was approximately $1.5 million. The Company utilized an income approach known as the Relief-From-Royalty Method to value the acquired developed technology assets.
72
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
Goodwill
The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was $767,000, which represents the goodwill resulting from the acquisition. The goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or sooner if impairment indicators are noted. As of March 31, 2012, there were no changes in the recognized amount of goodwill resulting from the acquisition of the DSAuditor product line.
4. Marketable Securities
At March 31, 2012 and 2011, marketable securities consisted of United States Treasury bills and United States Treasury notes with original maturities greater than three months and less than one year.
The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable securities at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| March 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Market Value |
||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations |
$ | 38,986 | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 38,975 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
$ | 38,986 | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 38,975 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| March 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Market Value |
||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations |
$ | 31,428 | $ | 4 | $ | 31,432 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
$ | 31,428 | $ | 4 | $ | 31,432 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
5. Fair Value
The following table details the fair value measurements within the three levels of fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial assets, consisting of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| Total Fair Value |
Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2012 Using |
|||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 62,146 | $ | 62,146 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
| Money market funds |
10,211 | 10,211 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in marketable securities |
38,975 | 38,975 | — | — | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
$ | 111,332 | $ | 111,332 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
73
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
| Total Fair Value |
Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2011 Using |
|||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash |
$ | 30,821 | $ | 30,821 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
| Money market funds |
48,976 | 48,976 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in cash & cash equivalents |
3,499 | 3,499 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| United States government obligations included in marketable securities |
31,432 | 31,432 | — | — | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
| Total |
$ | 114,728 | $ | 114,728 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
At March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company valued money market funds and United States government obligations using a Level 1 valuation because market prices in active markets for identical assets were readily available. The per-share net asset value of the Company’s money market funds has remained at a constant amount of $1.00 per share. Also, as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no withdrawal limits on redemptions for any of the money market funds that the Company holds. The Company did not value any financial assets using Level 2 or Level 3 valuations at March 31, 2012 or 2011.
6. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Intangible assets consisted of the following:
| March 31, 2012 | ||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Intangible Asset |
Carrying Value | Accumulated Amortization |
Net Value | |||||||||
| Acquired and purchased technology |
$ | 15,545 | $ | 12,625 | $ | 2,920 | ||||||
| Customer relationships |
724 | 724 | — | |||||||||
| Acquired workforce asset |
838 | 788 | 50 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
$ | 17,107 | $ | 14,137 | $ | 2,970 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| March 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Intangible Asset |
Carrying Value | Accumulated Amortization |
Net Value | |||||||||
| Acquired and purchased technology |
$ | 14,823 | $ | 10,556 | $ | 4,267 | ||||||
| Customer relationships |
724 | 635 | 89 | |||||||||
| Acquired workforce asset |
838 | 687 | 151 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total |
$ | 16,385 | $ | 11,878 | $ | 4,507 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Acquired and purchased intangible assets resulted in amortization expense for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 of $2.3 million, $2.2 million, and $2.0 million, respectively. Amortization expense from acquired and purchased technology and customer relationships is included in cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. Amortization expense from the acquired workforce asset is included in research and development expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company amortizes acquired and purchased technology on a straight-
74
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
line basis over their expected useful lives of three to five years. The customer relationships and workforce assets that the Company purchased from Network Physics are amortized on an accelerated basis over their expected useful lives of four and one-half years and five years, respectively. The Company currently expects future amortization expense attributable to these intangible assets of $1.5 million in fiscal 2013, $631,000 in fiscal 2014, $496,000 in fiscal 2015, $247,000 in fiscal 2016, and $132,000 in fiscal 2017.
Goodwill is primarily derived from the Company’s acquisitions of DS Auditor in August 2010, Altaworks in October 2004, WDM NetDesign in January 2002, and NetMaker in March 2001. The Company has made no impairment adjustment to goodwill since recording goodwill in fiscal 2001.
7. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||
| Computer equipment |
$ | 17,442 | $ | 13,499 | ||||
| Leasehold improvements |
10,393 | 10,150 | ||||||
| Construction in progress |
180 | 71 | ||||||
| Purchased software |
4,750 | 4,428 | ||||||
| Office furniture and equipment |
1,831 | 1,776 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total |
34,596 | 29,924 | ||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(20,660 | ) | (17,223 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Property and equipment, net |
$ | 13,936 | $ | 12,701 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $4.1 million, $3.6 million, and $3.4 million, respectively.
8. Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at March 31, 2012 and 2011:
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||
| Accrued compensation and bonuses |
$ | 8,664 | $ | 9,361 | ||||
| Accrued inventory |
3,354 | 990 | ||||||
| Accrued sales tax/VAT |
868 | 1,222 | ||||||
| Accrued royalties |
997 | 595 | ||||||
| Other |
3,834 | 2,530 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total |
$ | 17,717 | $ | 14,698 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
75
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
9. Income Taxes
The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, were as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Current provision: |
||||||||||||
| Federal |
$ | 8,203 | $ | 5,390 | $ | 1,832 | ||||||
| State |
1,617 | 1,501 | 544 | |||||||||
| Foreign |
784 | 356 | 166 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total current provision |
10,604 | 7,247 | 2,542 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Deferred benefit: |
||||||||||||
| Federal |
(943 | ) | (804 | ) | (339 | ) | ||||||
| State |
(153 | ) | (179 | ) | (58 | ) | ||||||
| Foreign |
(17 | ) | (14 | ) | 69 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total deferred benefit |
(1,113 | ) | (997 | ) | (328 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total provision for income taxes |
$ | 9,491 | $ | 6,250 | $ | 2,214 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
At March 31, 2012 and 2011, the components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||
| Deferred tax assets: |
||||||||
| Accrued expenses |
$ | 2,107 | $ | 1,587 | ||||
| Deferred revenue |
1,746 | 1,232 | ||||||
| In-process research and development |
80 | 99 | ||||||
| Deferred rent |
1,132 | 991 | ||||||
| Research and development tax credit carryforward |
1,284 | 1,252 | ||||||
| Acquired technology |
3,021 | 2,496 | ||||||
| Bad debt reserve |
173 | 133 | ||||||
| Federal net operating loss carryforward |
13,154 | 12,833 | ||||||
| Foreign net operating loss carryforward |
15 | — | ||||||
| Deferred stock based compensation |
1,138 | 784 | ||||||
| Other temporary differences |
21 | 22 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Gross deferred tax assets |
23,871 | 21,429 | ||||||
| Less: valuation allowance |
(13,645 | ) | (13,289 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total deferred tax asset |
10,226 | 8,140 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: |
||||||||
| Goodwill |
(3,155 | ) | (2,815 | ) | ||||
| Property and equipment |
(1,000 | ) | (450 | ) | ||||
| Unbilled accounts receivable |
(214 | ) | (131 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities |
(4,369 | ) | (3,396 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Net deferred tax asset |
$ | 5,857 | $ | 4,744 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
76
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
ASC 740 requires that the Company assess the realizability of deferred tax assets at the end of each reporting period. These assessments generally consider several factors including the reversal of existing deferred tax asset and liability temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and historical and future book income adjusted for permanent book to tax differences. As part of the Altaworks Corporation acquisition, the Company acquired a federal net operating loss carryforward of approximately $38.8 million and a research and development credit carryforward of approximately $1.2 million. The related deferred tax assets at March 31, 2012 total $14.4 million and will expire between 2019 and 2024. These tax assets are subject to an annual limitation under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Because of the limitation imposed, management believes it is more likely than not that a portion of the assets will not be realized and has placed a valuation allowance of $13.6 million against that portion. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the remaining net deferred tax asset of $5.9 million will be realized, based upon its history of profitability, estimates of future taxable income, and the period over which the tax benefits can be realized.
The provision for income taxes for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory United States Federal income tax rate to income before taxes as a result of the following:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Statutory United States Federal rate |
35.0 | % | 34.0 | % | 34.0 | % | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: |
||||||||||||
| State income taxes—net of Federal benefit |
3.6 | 4.5 | 4.8 | |||||||||
| Nondeductible meals and entertainment |
0.3 | 0.4 | 0.7 | |||||||||
| Nondeductible fines and penalties |
0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | |||||||||
| Nondeductible stock compensation |
0.5 | 0.4 | 2.1 | |||||||||
| Section 199 deduction |
(2.1 | ) | (1.9 | ) | (2.2 | ) | ||||||
| Tax credits |
(2.9 | ) | (5.4 | ) | (10.7 | ) | ||||||
| Foreign tax expense |
1.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 | |||||||||
| Changes in carrying rate of deferreds |
(0.2 | ) | — | 0.2 | ||||||||
| Other |
(1.2 | ) | 1.3 | (1.4 | ) | |||||||
| Uncertain tax positions |
0.5 | (0.1 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||||||
| Foreign tax rate differential |
(1.1 | ) | (0.7 | ) | (0.9 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Effective tax rate |
34.1 | % | 33.5 | % | 27.5 | % | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The increase in the Company’s effective tax rate in fiscal 2012 from fiscal 2011 was primarily due to a decrease in tax credits as a percentage of pre-tax net income. The increase in the Company’s effective tax rate in fiscal 2011 from fiscal 2010 was primarily due to a decrease in tax credits as a percentage of pre-tax net income.
At March 31, 2012, the Company had cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries, for which no United States income or foreign withholding taxes have been recorded, of approximately $7.1 million, which have been reinvested indefinitely. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability with respect to such earnings is not practicable. The additional taxes on the earnings of foreign subsidiaries, if remitted, would be partially offset by United States tax credits for foreign taxes already paid.
ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold of more-likely-than-not, and a measurement attribute for all tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, in order for these positions to be recognized in the financial statements. The Company continually reviews tax laws, regulations and guidance in order to properly record any uncertain tax positions. At March 31, 2012, the gross unrecognized benefit related to uncertain tax positions was $820,000, $813,000 of which would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future
77
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
periods. The total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax benefits as of April 1, 2011 was $691,000. Of this total, $669,000 represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits (net of federal benefit on state issues) that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in any future periods. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Beginning balance |
$ | 691 | $ | 786 | $ | 804 | ||||||
| Gross decreases—prior period tax positions |
(41 | ) | — | 45 | ||||||||
| Gross increases—current period tax positions |
152 | 154 | 150 | |||||||||
| Gross increases—prior period tax positions |
18 | 60 | — | |||||||||
| Settlements |
— | (106 | ) | (19 | ) | |||||||
| Lapse of statute of limitations |
— | (203 | ) | (197 | ) | |||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment |
— | — | 3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Ending balance |
$ | 820 | $ | 691 | $ | 786 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
The following table summarizes the tax years that are either currently under audit or remain open under the statute of limitations and are subject to examination by the tax authorities in the most significant jurisdictions that the Company operates:
| Australia |
FY08 – FY09 | |||
| Belgium |
FY09 – FY11 | |||
| Germany |
FY08 – FY10 | |||
| Singapore |
FY08 – FY10 | |||
| United Kingdom |
FY10 – FY11 | |||
| United States |
FY09 – FY11 | |||
| Maryland |
FY07 – FY11 |
The Company’s continuing practice is to recognize interest, if any, related to income tax matters in interest expense in its consolidated statements of operations and penalties as part of general and administrative expense in its consolidated statements of operations. During fiscal 2012, the Company recognized $18,000 in potential interest expense associated with uncertain tax positions. During fiscal 2011, the Company recognized $9,000 in potential interest expense associated with uncertain tax positions. During fiscal 2010, the Company recognized $6,000 in potential interest expense associated with uncertain tax positions and reversed $13,000 associated with potential claims barred by the statute of limitations. The total accrued interest and accrued penalties related to uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2012 was $34,000 and $164,000, respectively.
In the aggregate, the Company believes there will be no significant changes in the liability for uncertain tax positions in the next twelve months.
10. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company’s corporate office and principal facilities are located in Bethesda, Maryland and consist of approximately 82,000 square feet of office space held under two leases. The lease for 60,000 square feet expires on January 31, 2021, exclusive of renewal options, and the lease for 22,000 square feet expires on January 31, 2016, exclusive of renewal options. The lease for 60,000 square feet provides for one renewal option (at the option of the landlord) for not less than three and one half years and not more than ten years. The lease also
78
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
provides for a short-term extension at January 31, 2021 (at the option of the tenant) of three months. The monthly rent for the first lease year is $201,000, and is subject to escalation of 3.75% each year. The lease also requires the Company to maintain a security deposit of approximately $471,000 in the form of a bank letter of credit.
In addition, the Company leases additional office space under non-cancelable operating leases. The leases for office space contain escalation clauses that provide for increased rentals based primarily on increases in real estate taxes, operating expenses, or the consumer price index. Total rent expense under all leases for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $5.5 million, $5.2 million, and $5.1 million, respectively. At March 31, 2012, future minimum lease payments required under non-cancelable leases were as follows (in thousands):
| Year ending March 31, |
||||
| 2013 |
$ | 5,238 | ||
| 2014 |
4,835 | |||
| 2015 |
4,838 | |||
| 2016 |
4,790 | |||
| 2017 |
3,871 | |||
| Thereafter |
18,772 | |||
|
|
|
|||
| Total minimum lease payments |
$ | 42,344 | ||
|
|
|
The Company accounts for guarantees in accordance with ASC 460 Guarantees, or ASC 460. ASC 460 elaborates on the disclosures required in financial statements concerning obligations under certain guarantees. It also clarifies the requirements related to the recognition of liabilities by a guarantor at the inception of certain guarantees. The provisions related to recognizing a liability at inception of the guarantee do not apply to product warranties or indemnification provisions in the Company’s software license agreements.
Under the terms of substantially all of the Company’s license agreements, it has agreed to defend and pay any final judgment against its customers arising from claims against such customers that the Company’s software products infringe the intellectual property rights of a third party. To date: i) the Company has not received any notice that any customer is subject to an infringement claim arising from the use of its software products, ii) the Company has not received any request to defend any customers from infringement claims arising from the use of its software products, and iii) the Company has not paid any final judgment on behalf of any customer related to an infringement claim arising from the use of its software products. Because the outcome of infringement disputes are related to the specific facts in each case, and given the lack of previous or current indemnification claims, the Company cannot estimate the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related to its indemnification provisions. However, the Company reasonably believes these indemnification provisions will not have a material adverse effect on its operating performance or financial condition. As of March 31, 2012, the Company has not recorded any liabilities related to these indemnifications.
The Company’s standard license agreement includes a warranty provision for software products. The Company generally warrants for the first ninety days after delivery that the software shall operate substantially as stated in the then current documentation provided that the software is used in a supported computer system. The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties based on specific warranty claims, provided that it is probable that a liability exists and provided the amount can be reasonably estimated. To date, the Company has not had any material costs associated with these warranties.
The Company is involved in other claims and legal proceedings arising from its normal operations. The Company does not expect these matters, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
79
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
11. Credit Agreements and Notes Payable
Effective June 10, 2002, the Company entered into a credit facility with a commercial bank. The credit facility permitted the use of funds for general corporate purposes and the issuance of letters of credit up to a maximum of $10.0 million in the aggregate. As of March 31, 2012, the lender under our credit facility had issued letters of credit in favor of the beneficiaries under a number of our operating leases in the aggregate amount of $598,000. Upon a default, as defined in the respective office lease agreement, the applicable landlord has the right to draw upon its letter of credit in whole or in part. Interest under this facility, including interest on any amounts drawn under the letters of credit, is payable monthly at an annual rate of 1.25%. The credit facility is collateralized by the Company’s accounts receivable.
12. Employee Benefit Plan
Effective August 1, 1993, the Company established a 401(k) retirement plan, or the Plan, covering all eligible employees, as defined. Eligible employees who are at least 21 years old may participate. Under the terms of the Plan, participants may defer a portion of their salaries as employee contributions. The Company makes matching contributions and may make discretionary contributions. Employee contributions and discretionary contributions made by the Company are 100% vested immediately. In general, the Company’s matching and discretionary contributions vest ratably over a five-year period. The Company’s expense under this Plan for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $1.4 million, $1.3 million, and $1.1 million, respectively.
13. Earnings per Share
The Company accounts for awards granted in share-based transactions as participating securities prior to vesting and therefore the awards need to be included in the earning allocation in computing earnings per share using the two-class method under ASC 260 Earnings per Share, or ASC 260. ASC 260 requires nonvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents to be treated as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The Company’s participating securities include nonvested restricted stock.
The following is a reconciliation of the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted net income per common share for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||
| Net income (numerator): |
||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net income attributable to common stockholders |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,823 | ||||||
| Dividends paid on nonvested restricted stock |
(249 | ) | (183 | ) | (72 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net income available to common stockholders excluding nonvested restricted stock |
$ | 18,084 | $ | 12,218 | $ | 5,751 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Shares (denominator): |
||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic |
22,219,558 | 21,428,618 | 20,529,036 | |||||||||
| Effect of other dilutive securities – options |
455,165 | 701,040 | 261,438 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding |
22,674,723 | 22,129,658 | 20,790,474 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Net income per common share: |
||||||||||||
| Basic |
$ | 0.81 | $ | 0.57 | $ | 0.28 | ||||||
| Diluted |
$ | 0.80 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.28 | ||||||
80
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
The weighted average diluted shares outstanding during any period does not include shares issuable upon exercise of any stock option where the exercise price of the stock option is greater than the average market price because including them would be anti-dilutive. There were no options with an anti-dilutive effect during fiscal 2012 or 2011. Options for the purchase of 1,036,800 common shares were excluded from the weighted average diluted shares outstanding for fiscal 2010 because their effect was anti-dilutive.
14. Stockholders’ Equity
Treasury Stock
On January 31, 2005, the Company announced that the Board had authorized the repurchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. On February 4, 2008, the Company announced that the Board had authorized the repurchase of an additional 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock under the stock repurchase program. This stock repurchase program does not have a specified termination date. Any repurchased shares will be available for use in connection with the Company’s stock plans or other corporate purposes. The Company expended $1.1 million, $3.6 million, and $2.3 million to purchase 29,704, 223,399, and 186,550 shares during fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, at an average price of $36.79, $16.26, and $12.27.
Restricted stock shares withheld from employees to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding obligations with respect to the income recognized by these employees upon the vesting of their restricted stock shares are included in these totals.
As of March 31, 2012, the Company had repurchased 1,551,064 shares of common stock under the stock repurchase program. Stock repurchased under the stock repurchase program, restricted stock shares withheld from employees to satisfy the minimum statutory withholding obligations with respect to the income recognized by these employees upon the vesting of their restricted stock shares, and net settlements of exercised stock options are included in the total repurchased.
Dividend
The following table summarizes the Company’s quarterly cash dividend payments for fiscal 2012, 2011 and 2010 and the one-time special dividend payments in November 2011 and 2010:
| Declaration Date |
Stockholder Record Date |
Payment Date |
Amount per | |||
| May 13, 2009 |
June 15, 2009 | June 29, 2009 | $0.09 | |||
| July 30, 2009 |
September 15, 2009 | September 29, 2009 | $0.09 | |||
| October 28, 2009 |
December 15, 2009 | December 30, 2009 | $0.09 | |||
| January 27, 2010 |
March 15, 2010 | March 30, 2010 | $0.09 | |||
| May 5, 2010 |
June 15, 2010 | June 30, 2010 | $0.10 | |||
| August 4, 2010 |
September 14, 2010 | September 29, 2010 | $0.10 | |||
| October 27, 2010 |
November 14, 2010 | November 30, 2010 | $0.75 | |||
| October 27, 2010 |
December 7, 2010 | December 21, 2010 | $0.10 | |||
| January 26, 2011 |
March 16, 2011 | March 30, 2011 | $0.10 | |||
| May 4, 2011 |
June 15, 2011 | June 29, 2011 | $0.12 | |||
| July 27, 2011 |
September 15, 2011 | September 29, 2011 | $0.12 | |||
| October 26, 2011 |
December 1, 2011 | December 15, 2011 | $0.85 | |||
| October 26, 2011 |
December 14, 2011 | December 28, 2011 | $0.12 | |||
| January 25, 2012 |
March 14, 2012 | March 28, 2012 | $0.12 |
81
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
The declaration of cash dividends in the future is subject to final determination each quarter by the Board based on a number of factors, including the Company’s financial performance and available cash resources, its cash requirements and alternative uses of cash that the Board may conclude would represent an opportunity to generate a greater return on investment for the Company. The Board may decide that future dividends will be in amounts that are different than the amount described above or may decide to suspend or discontinue the payment of cash dividends altogether. See Note 20 for additional information regarding the Company’s plans for future cash dividends.
15. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income includes net income, foreign currency translation adjustments, and net unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities. The components of comprehensive income for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010, net of tax, are as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| Net income |
$ | 18,333 | $ | 12,401 | $ | 5,823 | ||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(335 | ) | 346 | 172 | ||||||||
| Net unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities |
(11 | ) | 4 | — | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Total comprehensive income |
$ | 17,987 | $ | 12,751 | $ | 5,995 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss includes foreign currency translation adjustments and net unrealized (losses)/gains on marketable securities. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2012 and 2011, net of tax, are as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | |||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments |
$ | (984 | ) | $ | (653 | ) | ||
| Net unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities |
(11 | ) | 4 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Total accumulated other comprehensive loss |
$ | (995 | ) | $ | (649 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
16. Business Segment and Geographic Area Information
The Company operates in one industry segment, the development and sale of computer software programs and related services. The chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of the Company using one industry segment. For the years ended March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, revenue from transactions with United States government agencies was approximately 29.5%, 32.5%, and 39.9% of total revenue, respectively. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, or 2010. In addition, there was no country, with the exception of the United States, where aggregate sales accounted for 10% or more of total revenue. The Company’s assets were primarily held in the United States for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010.
82
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
Revenue by geographic destination and as a percentage of total revenue for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 is as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Geographic Area by Destination |
||||||||||||
| United States |
$ | 131,529 | $ | 109,689 | $ | 97,955 | ||||||
| International |
41,189 | 38,297 | 28,392 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| $ | 172,718 | $ | 147,986 | $ | 126,347 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Geographic Area by Destination |
||||||||||||
| United States |
76.2 | % | 74.1 | % | 77.5 | % | ||||||
| International |
23.8 | 25.9 | 22.5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
17. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
The following table sets forth activity in the Company’s valuation accounts:
| Balance at Beginning of Period |
Charges to Expenses |
Deductions(1) | Balance at End of Period |
|||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable reserve account: |
||||||||||||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2012 |
$ | 346 | $ | 152 | $ | (55 | ) | $ | 443 | |||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2011 |
$ | 336 | $ | 571 | $ | (561 | ) | $ | 346 | |||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2010 |
$ | 713 | $ | 297 | $ | (674 | ) | $ | 336 | |||||||
| Deferred tax valuation account: |
||||||||||||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2012 |
$ | 13,289 | $ | 356 | $ | — | $ | 13,645 | ||||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2011 |
$ | 13,289 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 13,289 | ||||||||
| Year ended March 31, 2010 |
$ | 13,289 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 13,289 | ||||||||
| (1) | Deductions represent write-offs of accounts receivable previously reserved and adjustments to reflect accounts receivable at net realizable value. |
18. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
| Year Ended March 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
| First Quarter |
Second Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Fourth Quarter |
|||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue |
$ | 40,247 | $ | 41,921 | $ | 45,987 | $ | 44,563 | ||||||||
| Gross profit |
31,924 | 32,325 | 35,568 | 34,236 | ||||||||||||
| Income from operations |
6,294 | 7,262 | 8,292 | 6,063 | ||||||||||||
| Net income |
4,189 | 4,786 | 5,323 | 4,035 | ||||||||||||
| Basic net income per common share |
$ | 0.19 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.18 | ||||||||
| Diluted net income per common share |
$ | 0.18 | $ | 0.21 | $ | 0.23 | $ | 0.18 | ||||||||
| Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |
22,090 | 22,240 | 22,304 | 22,347 | ||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |
22,637 | 22,687 | 22,736 | 22,741 | ||||||||||||
83
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010
| Year Ended March 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
| First Quarter |
Second Quarter |
Third Quarter |
Fourth Quarter |
|||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
| Revenue |
$ | 31,085 | $ | 36,118 | $ | 39,678 | $ | 41,105 | ||||||||
| Gross profit |
23,744 | 27,667 | 31,274 | 32,515 | ||||||||||||
| Income from operations |
2,308 | 4,652 | 5,603 | 6,239 | ||||||||||||
| Net income |
1,339 | 2,916 | 4,324 | 3,822 | ||||||||||||
| Basic net income per common share |
$ | 0.06 | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.19 | $ | 0.18 | ||||||||
| Diluted net income per common share |
$ | 0.06 | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.19 | $ | 0.17 | ||||||||
| Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |
20,926 | 21,251 | 21,608 | 21,929 | ||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |
21,562 | 21,788 | 22,230 | 22,507 | ||||||||||||
19. Interest and Other (Expense) Income, Net
The components of interest and other (expense) income, net, for fiscal 2012, 2011, and 2010 were as follows:
| 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Interest income |
$ | 50 | $ | 90 | $ | 52 | ||||||
| Interest expense |
(20 | ) | (31 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||
| Other expense |
(117 | ) | (210 | ) | (118 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Interest and other expense, net |
$ | (87 | ) | $ | (151 | ) | $ | (70 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
20. Subsequent Event
Dividends
On May 2, 2012, the Board approved a quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.15 per share, which will be paid on June 28, 2012 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 14, 2012. The declaration of cash dividends in the future is subject to final determination each quarter by the Board based on a number of factors, including the Company’s financial performance and available cash resources, its cash requirements and alternative uses of cash that the Board may conclude would represent an opportunity to generate a greater return on investment for the Company. The Board may decide that future dividends will be in amounts that are different than the amount described above or may decide to suspend or discontinue the payment of cash dividends altogether.
Acquisition of Clarus Systems, Inc.
On May 24, 2012, the Company acquired Clarus Systems, Inc., or Clarus, a privately held software company headquartered in Redwood City, California. The Company paid approximately $11.7 million in cash to Clarus in the acquisition. Clarus produces a software product that provides performance monitoring and management for Voice over IP (VoIP), Unified Communications, and TelePresence video. The acquisition contributed key capabilities to the Company’s product portfolio for application performance management.
The initial accounting for the business combination in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 805 is incomplete at this time. As a result, we are unable to provide amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for major classes of assets and liabilities acquired and resulting from the transaction, including the information required for identified intangible assets and goodwill.
84
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
| Exhibit Number |
Description |
Source | ||
| 3.1 | Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 3.2 | Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, as amended | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on June 11, 2007. | ||
| 4.1 | Specimen common stock certificate | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 4.2 | See Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 for provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Registrant defining the rights of holders of common stock | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 10.1+ | 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as Restated | Incorporated by reference from exhibit B to the Registrant’s Schedule 14A as filed with the SEC on July 29, 2009. | ||
| 10.2+ | Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2001, by and among the Registrant, Summit Ventures IV, L.P., Summit Investors III, L.P., Alain J. Cohen, Marc A. Cohen and Make Systems, Inc. | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2001 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2001. | ||
| 10.3+ | Amended and Restated 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 10.4+ | 2000 Director Stock Option Plan | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 10.5+ | Non-competition Agreement, dated as of December 31, 1997, between the Registrant and Marc A. Cohen | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 10.6+ | Non-competition Agreement, dated as of December 31, 1997, between the Registrant and Alain J. Cohen | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-32588). | ||
| 10.7 | Office Lease Agreement, dated January 2011, between the Registrant and Street Retail, Inc. | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2011 as filed with the SEC on June 3, 2011. | ||
| 10.8 | Loan Agreement, dated June 10, 2000, between the Registrant and Bank of America, N.A. | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.22 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2002. | ||
| 10.9 | Office Lease Agreement, dated December 2006 between the Registrant and Street Retail, Inc. | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2008 as filed with the SEC on June 9, 2008. | ||
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| Exhibit Number |
Description |
Source | ||
| 10.10+ | Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2001 as filed with the SEC on November 14, 2001. | ||
| 10.11 | Loan Modification Agreement, dated June 4, 2008, between the Registrant and Bank of America, N.A. | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2008 as filed with the SEC on June 9, 2008. | ||
| 10.12+ | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on February 1, 2010. | ||
| 10.13+ | Form of Stock Option Agreement | Incorporated by reference from exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on December 23, 2004. | ||
| 10.14+ | 2010 Stock Incentive Plan | Incorporated by reference from exhibit A to the Registrant’s Schedule 14A as filed with the SEC on July 29, 2009. | ||
| 10.15+ | FY2013 Executive Incentive Bonus Program | Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 9, 2012. | ||
| 21* | Subsidiaries of the Registrant | Exhibit 21 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 23* | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP | Exhibit 23 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 31.1* | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended | Exhibit 31.1 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 31.2* | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended | Exhibit 31.2 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 32.1* | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | Exhibit 32.1 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 32.2* | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | Exhibit 32.2 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| 101.INS** | XBRL Instance Document. | |||
| 101.SCH** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |||
| 101.CAL** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||
86
| Exhibit Number |
Description |
Source | ||
| 101.LAB** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||
| 101.PRE** | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||
| * | Filed herewith. |
| ** | Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or otherwise subject to liability of that Section, and shall not be part of any registration statement of other document filed under the Securities Act of the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing. |
| + | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan. |
87