As filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 2011


UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

_______________

 

FORM 20-F

 

[ ] REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010

OR

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

[ ] SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file number 001-15264

 

logo

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

(Translation of Registrant's name into English)

 

_______________

 

People's Republic of China

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

_______________

 

No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing
People's Republic of China (100082)

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

_______________

 

Xiong Weiping

No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing
People's Republic of China (100082)

(86) 10 8229 8103

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

 

_______________

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.

 

Title of each class

Name of each exchange on which registered



American Depositary Shares*

New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

Class H Ordinary Shares**

 

*

Evidenced by American Depositary Receipts. Each American Depositary Share represents 25 H Shares.

**

Not for trading, but only in connection with the listing of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

 


 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2010:

 

Domestic Shares, par value RMB1.00 per share

9,580,521,924

 

 

H Shares, par value RMB1.00 per share

3,943,965,968

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

Yes [X] No [ ]

 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Yes [ ] No [X]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

Yes [X] No [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 

Yes [ ] No [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer [X] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ]

 

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP [ ] International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board [X] Other [ ]

 

If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

 

Item 17 [ ] Item 18 [ ]

 

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 

Yes [ ] No [X]

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

Pages

 

 

Forward-Looking Statements

1

Certain Terms and Conventions

2

PART I

 

 

Item 1.

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers

6

Item 2.

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

6

Item 3.

Key Information

6

Item 4.

Information on the Company

15

Item 4A.

Unresolved Staff Comments

43

Item 5.

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

43

Item 6.

Directors, Senior Management and Employees

63

Item 7.

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

71

Item 8.

Financial Information

79

Item 9.

The Offer and Listing

80

Item 10.

Additional Information

80

Item 11.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

92

Item 12.

Description of Securities other than Equity Securities

94

PART II

 

 

Item 13.

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

95

Item 14.

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

95

Item 15.

Controls and Procedures

95

Item 16A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

96

Item 16B.

Code of Ethics

96

Item 16C.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

96

Item 16D.

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

96

Item 16E.

Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

97

PART III

 

 

Item 17.

Financial Statements

97

Item 18

Financial Statements

97

Item 19.

Exhibits

97


 


 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Certain information contained in this annual report, which does not relate to historical financial information, may be deemed to constitute forward-looking statements. The words or phrases "will likely result", "are expected to", "will continue", "is anticipated", "estimate", "project", "believe" or similar expressions are intended to identify "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results and those presently anticipated or projected. You should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to:

 

*

future general economic conditions;

 

 

*

future conditions in the international and China capital markets;

 

 

*

future conditions in the financial and credit markets;

 

 

*

future prices and demand for our products;

 

 

*

future PRC tariff levels for alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products;

 

 

*

sales of our products;

 

 

*

the extent and nature of, and potential for, future development;

 

 

*

production, consumption and demand forecasts of bauxite, alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products;

 

 

*

expansion, consolidation or other trends in the primary aluminum industry;

 

 

*

the effectiveness of our cost-saving measures;

 

 

*

future expansion plans and capital expenditures;

 

 

*

competition;

 

 

*

changes in legislation, regulations and policies;

 

 

*

estimates of proven and probable bauxite reserves;

 

 

*

our research and development plans; and

 

 

*

our dividend policy.

 

 

These statements are based on assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of historical trends, current conditions and future developments, as well as other factors we believe are appropriate in particular circumstances. However, whether actual results and developments will meet our expectations and predictions depends on a number of risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. These risks are more fully described in the section headed "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors".

 

Consequently, all of the forward-looking statements made in this annual report are qualified by these cautionary statements. We cannot assure you that the actual results or developments anticipated by us will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected effect on us or our business or operations.

 

1


 

Certain Terms and Conventions

 

"Chalco", "the Company", "the Group", "our company", "we", "our" and "us" refer to Aluminum Corporation of China Limited and its subsidiaries and, where appropriate, to its predecessors;

 

"A Shares" and "domestic shares" refer to our domestic ordinary shares, with a par value of RMB1.00 each, which are listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange;

 

"alumina-to-silica ratio" refers to the ratio of alumina to silica in bauxite by weight;

 

"aluminum fabrication" refers to the process of converting primary aluminum or recycled aluminum materials into plates, strips, bars, tubes and other fabricated products;

 

"AUD" or "Australian dollars" refers to the lawful currency of the Commonwealth of Australia;

 

"Baotou Aluminum" refers to Baotou Aluminum Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under PRC Law;

 

"Baotou Group" refers to Baotou Aluminum (Group) Co., Ltd., one of our shareholders;

 

"bauxite" refers to a mineral ore that is principally composed of aluminum;

 

"Bayer process" refers to a refining process that employs a strong solution of caustic soda at an elevated temperature to extract alumina from ground bauxite;

 

"Board" refers to our board of directors;

 

"Chalco Hong Kong" refers to Chalco Hong Kong Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under Hong Kong Law;

 

"Chalco Mining" refers to Chalco Mining Co., Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary established under PRC law;

 

"Chalco Nanhai" refers to Chalco Nanhai Alloy Company, our subsidiary established under PRC law;

 

"Chalco Qingdao" refers to Chalco Qingdao Light Metal Company Limited, our subsidiary established under PRC Law;

 

"Chalco Ruimin" refers to Chalco Ruimin Company Limited, 92.18% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Chalco Southwest Aluminum" refers to Chalco Southwest Aluminum Company Limited, 60% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling" refers to Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under PRC Law;

 

"Chalco Xing Xian" refers to the construction of Bayer process production system and ancillary facilities at Xing Xian, Lvliang City of Shanxi Province with designed capacity of 800,000 tonnes of metallurgical grade alumina per year;

 

"China" and the "PRC" refers to the People's Republic of China, excluding for purposes of this annual report, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan;

 

"China Nonferrous Metals Technology" refers to China Nonferrous Metals Processing Technology Co., Ltd.;

 

"Chinalco" and "Chinalco Group" refer to our controlling shareholder, Aluminum Corporation of China and its subsidiaries (other than Chalco and its subsidiaries) and, where appropriate, to its predecessors;

 

"CICL" refers to China Aluminum International Construction Limited, 5% of the equity interest of which was owned by CIT and 95% of the equity interest of which was owned by Chinalco before December 20, 2010, and which has become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco since December 20, 2010;

 

"Chalco Trading" or "CIT" refers to China Aluminum International Trading Co., Ltd., 90.5% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"CSRC" refers to China Securities Regulatory Commission;

 

2


 

"Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals" refer to the energy-saving and emission reduction goals set out in China's 11th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development laid out in 2006, by which China expects to cut its per unit GDP energy consumption by 20 percent compared with the 2005 level by the end of 2010;

 

"Exchange Act" refers to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;

 

"Euros" or "EUR" refers to the lawful currency of the Euro zone;

 

"Fushun Aluminum" refers to Fushun Aluminum Company Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary established under PRC law;

 

"Gansu Hualu" refers to Gansu Hualu Aluminum Company Limited, 51% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Guan Lv" refers to Shanxi Guan Lv Company Limited;

 

"Guangxi Huayin" refers to Guangxi Huayin Aluminum Company Limited, 33% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Guangxi Investment" refers to Guangxi Investment (Group) Co., Ltd., formerly known as Guangxi Development and Investment Co., Ltd., a PRC state-owned enterprise and one of our promoters and shareholders;

 

"Guizhou Development" refers to Guizhou Provincial Materials Development and Investment Corporation, a PRC state-owned enterprise and one of our promoters and shareholders;

 

"H Shares" refers to overseas listed foreign shares with a par value RMB1.00 each, which are listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange;

 

"Henan Aluminum" refers to Chinalco Henan Aluminum Company Limited, 90.03% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"HK$" and "HK dollars" refers to Hong Kong dollars, the lawful currency of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC;

 

"Hong Kong Stock Exchange" refers to The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited;

 

"Hongrui Chemical" refers to Jiaozuo Hongrui Chemical Company Limited, which we acquired in October 2009 and subsequently ceased its existence as an independent legal person and became part of our Zhongzhou branch;

 

"Huasheng Jiangquan" refers to Huasheng Jiangquan Group Co., Ltd.;

 

"Huaxi Aluminum" refers to Huaxi Aluminum Company Limited, 56.86% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"series Bayer-sintering process", "parallel Bayer-sintering process" and "hybrid Bayer-sintering process" refer to the three methods of refining process developed in China which involve the combined application of the Bayer process and the sintering process to extract alumina from bauxite;

 

"Japanese Yen" refers to the lawful currency of Japan;

 

"Jiaozuo Wanfang" refers to Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 24.002% of the equity interest of which is owned by us as of December 31, 2010. Jiaozuo Wanfang has been our subsidiary since January 1, 2008 after we established de facto control over it;

 

"Ka" refers to kiloamperes, a unit for measuring the strength of an electric current, with one kiloampere equalling to 1,000 amperes;

 

"kWh" refers to kilowatt hours, a unit of electrical power, meaning one kilowatt of power for one hour;

 

"Lanzhou Aluminum" refers to Lanzhou Aluminum Co., Ltd.;

 

"Liancheng branch" refers to our wholly-owned branch, which was formerly known as Lanzhou Liancheng Longxing Aluminum Company Limited, before we acquired 100% of its equity interest;

 

"Listing Rules" and "Hong Kong Listing Rules" refers to the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, as amended;

 

"LME" refers to the London Metal Exchange Limited;

 

"Longmen Aluminum" refers to Shanxi Longmen Aluminum Co., Ltd., 55% of its equity interests is owned by us;

 

3


 

"Luxin Company" refers to Jiexiu Luxin Coal Gasification Company Limited;

 

"Nanping Aluminum" refers to Fujian Nanping Aluminum Company Limited;

 

"NDRC" refers to China National Development and Reform Commission;

 

"Northwest Aluminum" refers to Northwest Aluminum Fabrication Plant, our wholly-owned branch;

 

"NYSE" or "New York Stock Exchange" refers to the New York Stock Exchange Inc.;

 

"ore-dressing Bayer process" refers to a refining process we developed to increase the alumina-to-silica ratio of bauxite;

 

"Pingguo Aluminum" refers to Pingguo Aluminum Company;

 

"refining" refers to the chemical process used to produce alumina from bauxite;

 

"Research Institute" refers to Zhengzhou Research Institute, our wholly-owned branch mainly providing research and development services;

 

"Rio Tinto" refers to Rio Tinto plc, a company incorporated in England and Wales, the shares of which are listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange;

 

"Rio Tinto Atlantic" refers to Rio Tinto Ore Atlantic Limited, a limited company incorporated in England and Wales and an affiliate of Rio Tinto;

 

"RMB" or "Renminbi" refers to the lawful currency of the PRC;

 

"SASAC" refers to State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council of China;

 

"SEC" refers to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;

 

"Securities Act" refers to the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

 

"Shandong Aluminum" refers to Shandong Aluminum Industry Co., Limited;

 

"Shanxi Jiexiu" refers to Shanxi Jiexiu Xinyugou Coal Industry (Group) Corporation;

 

"Shanxi Huasheng" refers to Shanxi Huasheng Aluminum Company Limited, 51% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shandong Huayu" refers to Shandong Huayu Aluminum and Power Company Limited, 55% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Huaze" refers to Shanxi Huaze Aluminum and Power Co., Limited, 60% of the equity interest of which is owned by us;

 

"Shanxi Other Mines" refers to the seven of our jointly-operated mines in Shanxi Province that became our new own mines in 2010;

 

"SHFE" refers to the Shanghai Futures Exchange;

 

"Simandou Project" refers to the project to develop and operate the Simandou iron ore mine located in Guinea in west Africa as further described in the Simandou joint development agreement dated July 29, 2010 entered into amongst Rio Tinto, Rio Tinto Atlantic and us for the purpose of development of the Simandou Project;

 

"sintering process" refers to a refining process employed to extract alumina from bauxite by mixing ground bauxite with supplemental materials and burning the mixture in a coal-fired kiln;

 

"smelting" refers to the electrolytic process used to produce molten aluminum from alumina;

 

"tonne" refers to the metric ton, a unit of weight, that is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds;

 

"US$","dollars" or "U.S. dollars" refers to the legal currency of the United States;

 

"Xinan Aluminum" refers to Xinan Aluminum (Group) Company Limited;

 

4


 

"Xincheng" refers to Henan Xincheng Construction Supervisory Services Company Limited, a subsidiary that we acquired in October 2009;

 

"Yichuan Power" refers to Yichuan Power Industries Group Company;

 

"Zhangze Electric Power" refers to Shanxi Zhangze Electric Power Co., Ltd.;

 

"Zhongzhou Aluminum" refers to Henan Zhongzhou Aluminum Construction Company Limited, a subsidiary that we acquired in October 2009;

 

"Zunyi Alumina" refers to Chalco Zunyi Alumina Co., Ltd, 67% of the equity interest of which is owned by us; and

 

"Zunyi Aluminum" refers to Zunyi Aluminum Co., Ltd., our subsidiary established under PRC law.

 

Translations of amounts in this annual report from Renminbi to U.S. dollars and vice versa have been made at the rate of RMB6.6000 to US$1.00, the exchange rate as set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board for December 31, 2010. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. See "Item 3. Key Information - Selected Financial Data - Exchange Rate Information" for historical exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar.

 

Any discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding.

 

5


 

PART I

 

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

 

A. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

Historical Financial Information

 

The following tables present selected comprehensive income data and cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and selected statement of financial position data as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 that were prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, which includes all International Accounting Standards and Interpretations, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or the IASB. The selected financial information has been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the audited consolidated financial statements and their notes included elsewhere in this annual report. Financial information presented in the following tables as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 has been prepared in accordance with Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards, or HKFRS, and has not been restated. The selected financial data also includes certain items for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP.

 

Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 included in this annual report on Form 20-F have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. We make an explicit and unreserved statement of compliance with IFRS with respect to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 included in this annual report. PricewaterhouseCoopers, our independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an unqualified auditor's report on these consolidated financial statements.

 

On October 29, 2009, we acquired the entire equity interest of Zhongzhou Aluminum, Hongrui Chemical, Xincheng and a limestone mining business from two subsidiaries of Chinalco. On May 30, 2008, we acquired six companies from Chinalco and China Nonferrous Metals Technology, an entity controlled by Chinalco. On October 1, 2008, we acquired an aluminum alloy business from Pingguo Aluminum, another entity controlled by Chinalco. As our Company and all the foregoing companies and businesses were under the common control of Chinalco immediately before and after the acquisitions, these transactions were accounted for as business combinations under common control using the merger accounting method as if the acquisition had been consummated since the inception of common control.

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

2010

 

 





 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

 

(in thousands, except per share and per ADS data)

 

 

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME DATA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

76,728,147

70,268,005

120,994,847

18,332,553

Cost of sales

 

(70,960,668)

(69,079,446)

(113,349,941)

(17,174,234)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

 

5,767,479

1,188,559

7,644,906

1,158,319

Selling and distribution expenses

 

(1,562,841)

(1,264,920)

(1,573,301)

(238,379)

General and administrative expenses

 

(2,507,011)

(2,956,506)

(2,623,740)

(397,536)

Research and development expenses

 

(177,507)

(177,756)

(164,235)

(24,884)

Impairment charge/write-off of

 

 

 

 

 

   property, plant and equipment

 

(1,334)

(623,791)

(701,781)

(106,331)

Other income

 

100,781

151,142

328,853

49,826

Other gains, net

 

212,840

403,836

491,024

74,398

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

 

1,832,407

(3,279,436)

3,401,726

515,413

Finance costs, net

 

(1,709,667)

(2,137,825)

(2,495,184)

(378,059)

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

 

 

 

 

 

   after finance costs

 

122,740

(5,417,261)

906,542

137,354

Share of profit/(loss) of

 

 

 

 

 

   jointly-controlled entities

 

1,672

(50,392)

233,784

35,422

 

 

 

 

 

 

6


 

Share of profit of associates

 

10,045

77,056

240,028

36,368

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

 

134,457

(5,390,597)

1,380,354

209,144

Income tax benefit/(expense)

 

34,172

711,003

(411,216)

(62,305)

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the year

 

168,629

(4,679,594)

969,138

146,839

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the Company

 

19,485

(4,642,894)

778,008

117,880

Non-controlling interests

 

149,144

(36,700)

191,130

28,959

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

168,629

(4,679,594)

969,138

146,839

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings/(losses) per share for

 

 

 

 

 

   profit/(loss) attributable to

 

 

 

 

 

   the equity holders of the Company

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net

 

 

 

 

 

   earnings/(losses) per share

 

0.0014

(0.34)

0.06

0.01

Basic and diluted net

 

 

 

 

 

   earnings/(losses) per ADS

 

0.035

(8.58)

1.44

0.22

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends

 

 

 

 

 

Interim dividends per share

 

0.05

-

-

-

Interim dividends per ADS

 

1.30

-

-

-

Special dividends per share

 

-

-

-

-

Special dividends per ADS

 

-

-

-

-

Final dividends per share

 

-

-

-

-

Final dividends per ADS

 

-

-

-

-

Proposed dividends per share

 

-

-

0.01

0.002

Proposed dividends per ADS

 

-

-

0.29

0.04

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

2010

 

 





 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

 

(in thousands)

 


 

 

 

 

 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current assets

 

42,556,995

36,333,877

41,324,547

6,261,295

Total non-current assets

 

93,055,157

97,641,312

99,997,492

15,151,135

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

135,612,152

133,975,189

141,322,039

21,412,430

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

38,622,098

40,029,861

55,733,547

8,444,477

Total non-current liabilities

 

36,808,624

38,364,171

28,401,637

4,303,278

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities

 

75,430,722

78,394,032

84,135,184

12,747,755

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets

 

60,181,430

55,581,157

57,186,855

8,664,675

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

2010

 

 





 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

 

(in thousands)

 


 

 

 

 

 

OTHER FINANCIAL DATA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash generated from/(used in)

 

 

 

 

 

   operating activities

 

5,023,984

(705,954)

7,103,859

1,076,342

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(22,207,473)

(9,477,193)

(8,260,317)

(1,251,562)

Net cash generated from/(used in)

 

 

 

 

 

   financing activities

 

24,370,350

1,576,713

2,717,553

411,750

Net increase/(decrease) in cash

 

 

 

 

 

   and cash equivalents

 

7,186,861

(8,606,434)

1,561,095

236,530

 

 

 

 

 

 

7


 

Years Ended December 31,

 


 

2006(1)

2007(1)

 



 

RMB

RMB

 

(in thousands, except per share and per ADS data)

   

HKFRS

   
     

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME DATA

   
     

Revenue

74,287,003

85,198,835

Cost of sales

(52,358,293)

(64,936,133)

 



     

Gross profit

21,928,710

20,262,702

Selling and distribution expenses

(1,185,088)

(1,355,534)

General and administrative expenses

(2,808,934)

(3,029,114)

Research and development expenses

(126,294)

(229,803)

Impairment charge/write-off of property, plant and equipment

(16,924)

(13,249)

Other income

59,832

47,067

Other gains, net

313,229

111,846

 



     

Operating profit

18,164,531

15,793,915

Finance costs, net

(795,918)

(1,040,171)

 



     

Operating profit after finance costs

17,368,613

14,753,744

Share of loss of jointly-controlled entities

(11,419)

(3,381)

Share of profit of associates

105,177

241,945

 



     

Profit before income tax

17,462,371

14,992,308

Income tax expense

(4,465,282)

(2,869,210)

 



     

Profit for the year

12,997,089

12,123,098

 



     

Attributable to:

   

Equity holders of the Company

12,093,143

10,753,042

Non-controlling interests

903,946

1,370,056

 



     
 

12,997,089

12,123,098

     

Earnings per share for profit

   

    attributable to the equity holders of the Company

   

Basic and diluted net earnings per share

1.03

0.84

Basic and diluted net earnings per ADS

25.81

21.02

 



     

Dividends

   

Interim dividends per share

0.19

0.14

Interim dividends per ADS

4.70

3.43

Special dividends per share

-

0.01

Special dividends per ADS

-

0.33

Final dividends per share

-

0.12

Final dividends per ADS

-

2.88

Proposed dividends per share

-

0.05

Proposed dividends per ADS

-

1.33

     

As of December 31,

 


 

2006(1)

2007

 



 

RMB

RMB

 

(in thousands)

   

HKFRS

   
     

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

   
     

Total current assets

30,498,598

30,331,947

Total non-current assets

61,156,252

75,594,525

 



     

Total assets

91,654,850

105,926,472

 



     

Total current liabilities

27,914,945

23,646,302

Total non-current liabilities

11,449,324

17,812,612

 



     

Total liabilities

39,364,269

41,458,914

 



     

Net assets (excluding non-controlling interests share)

46,931,525

60,662,414

     

Note:

 
   

(1)

Statement of comprehensive income data for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 and statement of financial position data as of December 31, 2006 have not been restated for the business combinations under common control which occurred during 2009, because such selected financial data cannot be provided on a restated basis without unreasonable effort.

   

Years Ended December 31,

 


 

2006

2007

 



 

RMB

RMB

 

(in thousands, except per share and per ADS data)

   

U.S. GAAP

   
     

INCOME STATEMENT DATA

   
     

Operating income

17,270,379

14,203,729

Net income

11,726,471

9,899,628

Basic and diluted earnings per share

1.03

0.79

Basic and diluted earnings per ADS

25.63

19.78

     

As of December 31,

 


 

2006

2007

 



BALANCE SHEET DATA

RMB

RMB

 

(in thousands)

   

Total current assets

25,727,910

26,243,677

     

Total non-current assets

50,277,026

78,534,806

 



     

Total assets

76,004,936

104,778,483

 



     

Total current liabilities

21,560,584

18,832,342

     

Total non-current liabilities

8,677,806

14,489,200

 



     

Total liabilities

30,238,390

33,321,542

 



     
     

Net assets (excluding non-controlling interests share)

42,283,082

68,447,456

Number of shares('000)

11,649,876

13,524,488

     

8


 

Exchange Rate Information

 

The following table sets forth information concerning exchange rates between the Chinese Renminbi and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this annual report or will use in the preparation of our periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you. The source of these rates is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for the periods through December 2008 and the Federal Reserve H.10 Statistical Release for the periods beginning on or after January 1, 2009. On April 8, 2011, the exchange rate for Renminbi was US$ 1.00 = RMB6.5350.

 

Period

 

Period End

Average(1)

Low

High

 

 

(RMB per US$1.00)

 

 

 

2006

 

7.8041

7.9579

8.0702

7.8041

2007

 

7.2946

7.5806

7.8127

7.2946

2008

 

6.8225

6.9192

7.2946

6.7800

2009

 

6.8259

6.8307

6.8470

6.8176

2010

 

6.6000

6.7603

6.8330

6.6000

   October

 

6.6707

6.6678

6.6912

6.6397

   November

 

6.6670

6.6538

6.6892

6.6330

   December

 

6.6000

6.6497

6.6745

6.6000

2011

 

 

 

 

 

   January

 

6.6017

6.5964

6.6364

6.5809

   February

 

6.5713

6.5761

6.5965

6.5520

   March

 

6.5483

6.5645

6.5483

6.5743

   April (through April 8)

 

6.5350

6.5410

6.5350

6.5477

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Annual average are calculated by averaging the rates on the last business day of each month during the annual period. Monthly averages are calculated by averaging the rates on each business day during the month.

 

 

B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

 

Not applicable.

 

C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Not applicable.

 

D. RISK FACTORS

 

Our business, financial condition and results of operations are subject to various changing business, competitive, economic, political and social conditions in China and worldwide. In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this annual report, the following are some of the important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements.

 

Demand for our products is sensitive to cyclical fluctuations and general economic conditions, and a reduction in demand could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Demand for our products is sensitive to cyclical fluctuations and significantly affected by general economic conditions. From the fourth quarter of 2008 through the second quarter of 2009, demand for our products decreased significantly due to the global financial crisis, which resulted in a significant downturn in a number of our end-user markets. The performance of each of our business segments was in turn materially and adversely affected during that period. The global economy has been recovering since the second half of 2009 and continued to gain its momentum in 2010, and our production and sales volumes increased significantly in 2010. However, there is no assurance that there will not be a renewed decline in the global market for our products or general economy. Uncertainty about future economic conditions makes it challenging for us to forecast our results of operations, make business decisions and identify risks that may affect our business. If we are not able to timely and appropriately adapt to changes resulting from the difficult macroeconomic environment, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 

9


 

Volatility in alumina, primary aluminum and other non-ferrous metal prices may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The prices of our key products have been historically volatile and fluctuate in response to general economic conditions, supply and demand and the level of global inventories. We price our alumina and primary aluminum products by reference to international and domestic market prices, and domestic supply and demand, each of which may fluctuate beyond our control. From the fourth quarter of 2008 through early 2009, the demand for alumina and primary aluminum decreased significantly as a result of the global financial crisis, and our average selling price of alumina and primary aluminum decreased by 28.4% and 19.7%, respectively, in 2009 from 2008. As the global economy started to recover in the second half of 2009, the demand for alumina and primary aluminum gradually increased. In 2010, the international spot prices of alumina and primary aluminum on the LME reached a high of US$390 per tonne and US$2,447 per tonne, respectively, representing a year-on-year increase of 12.4% and 8.0 %, respectively. Our average selling price of alumina and primary aluminum increased by 21.9% and 14.4%, respectively, in 2010 from 2009. Because most of our costs are fixed, we may not be able to respond promptly to a sudden decrease in alumina or primary aluminum prices, see "- Failure to maintain optimal utilization of our production facilities will adversely affect our gross and operating margins."

 

As a result of the implementation of our operational structural adjustment exercise, our trading business was established as a new operating segment. The trading segment engages in the trading of alumina, aluminium ingots and other non-ferrous metal products. These products are sourced under spot contracts and long-term contracts signed with our international and domestic alumina suppliers, and mainly sold to aluminium smelters and other traders in the PRC. Sales of products manufactured by our manufacturing business are also included in trading segment (see further discussion in Note 6 to our audited financial statements). The profits of our trading business may be negatively affected by fluctuations in the price of the non-ferrous metal products we trade.

 

As the profit margin of trading is based on price fluctuation in a short term, we need to make the correct prediction of the price fluctuation of the non-ferrous metal products on the markets to ensure the profit margin. If the price fluctuation on the market does not match our prediction, we may incur substantial losses. As a result, any significant fluctuation in international market prices could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our business requires substantial capital investments that we may be unable to fulfill.

 

Our plans to upgrade and expand our production capacity will require capital expenditures of approximately RMB22.6 billion (US$3.4 billion) in 2011. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - D. Property, Plants and Equipment - Our Expansion". We may also need additional funding for debt servicing, working capital, other investments, potential acquisitions and joint ventures and other corporate requirements. We may seek external financing to satisfy our capital needs if cash generated from our operations is insufficient to fund our capital expenditures or if our actual capital expenditures and investments exceed our plans. Our ability to obtain external financing at reasonable costs and on acceptable terms is subject to a variety of uncertainties. Failure to obtain sufficient funding for our development plans could adversely affect our business and prospects.

 

Our failure to successfully manage our business expansion would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and prospects.

 

We may not be able to adequately manage our business growth, which we have achieved through organic growth, acquisitions and joint ventures. Our expansion has created, and will continue to place, substantial demand on our resources. Managing our growth and integrating the acquired businesses will require, among other things:

 

*

complying with the laws, regulations and policies that are applicable to the acquired businesses;

 

 

*

gaining market acceptance for new products and services and establishing relationships with new customers and suppliers;

 

 

*

achieving sufficient utilization of new production facilities to recover costs;

 

 

*

obtaining timely approval for the construction or expansion of alumina refineries, primary aluminum smelters and mining projects as required under PRC law;

 

 

*

managing relationships with employees, customers and business partners during the course of our business expansion and integration of new businesses;

 

 

*

attracting, training and motivating members of our management and workforce;

 

 

*

accessing our debt, equity or other capital resources to fund our business expansion, which may divert financial resources otherwise available for other purposes;

 

 

*

diverting significant management attention and resources from our other businesses; and

 

 

*

strengthening our operational, financial and management controls, particularly those of our newly acquired subsidiaries, to maintain the reliability of our reporting processes.

 

 

Any difficulty meeting the foregoing or similar requirements could significantly delay or otherwise constrain our ability to undertake our expansion plans, which in turn would limit our ability to increase operational efficiency, reduce marginal manufacturing costs or otherwise strengthen our market position. If we are not able to manage our growth successfully, our business and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

 

Risks associated with entering into new areas of business.

 

10


 

During 2010, we expanded our business activities into the areas of coal mining and iron ore production through the joint venture agreements with Luxin Company, Shanxi Aluminum Plant and natural person shareholders, and with Rio Tinto and Rio Tinto Atlantic we entered into respectively in 2010. We may not achieve our business objectives due to the lack of experience in these new areas. In addition, we will have a significant but not a controlling interest in the iron ore production joint venture to be established pursuant to the joint venture agreement we entered into. Under the governing documents for the joint venture to be established, certain key matters such as the approval of business plans and decisions as to the timing and amount of cash distributions may require the consent of our partners. Although we have not been materially constrained by the nature of our ownership interests, no assurance can be given that our partners will not exercise their power of veto or their controlling influence in any of our ventures in a way that will hinder our corporate objectives and reduce any anticipated cost savings or revenue enhancement resulting from these ventures.

 

Failure to maintain optimal utilization of our production facilities will adversely affect our gross and operating margins.

 

During 2010, on one hand, we experienced an expansion in production capacity at a number of our production facilities due to the completion of construction of new alumina production facilities. On the other hand, the administrative policies and orders carried out by the local governments to fulfill China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals adversely affected the output of our primary aluminum products. We also increased our external purchases of alumina and primary aluminum for trading purposes to capitalize on fluctuating market prices in 2010 and to enhance resource planning to achieve cost savings in our production. The increase in our external purchases has reduced our utilization of certain production facilities, but has not resulted in a proportionate decrease in fixed costs such as leases and depreciation of plant, property and equipment. Given our high proportion of fixed costs, failure to maintain historical utilization rates may adversely affect our gross and operating margins.

 

Furthermore, we expect our production capacity expansion in recent years to increase our costs of sales, in particular, depreciation and amortization costs. If we are able to maintain satisfactory facility utilization rates and increase our production output, our production capacity expansion will enable us to reduce our unit costs through economies of scale, as fixed costs will be spread over a higher volume of output units. Conversely, underutilization of our existing and newly acquired or construction production facilities may increase our marginal production costs and prevent us from realizing the intended economic benefits of our expansion.

 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of energy, and our profitability may decline if energy costs rise or if our energy supplies are interrupted.

 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of energy. Although we generally expect to meet the energy requirements for our alumina refineries and primary aluminum smelters from a combination of internal and external sources, our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected by the following:

 

*

significant increases in electricity costs; or

 

 

*

curtailment of the operation of one or more refineries or smelters due to our inability to extend energy supply contracts upon their expiration.

 

 

Electricity is the principal production cost in our primary aluminum operations. During 2010, our average cost per kilowatt-hour, or kWh, of electricity increased by 12.3% from the prior year primarily due to the increase in the price of coal and the electricity price adjustment under state policy. We expect the PRC economy to continue its strong growth and as a result, we expect demand for and prices of electricity to increase accordingly. If we are unable to pass on increases in energy costs to our customers, our operating margin, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

Losses caused by disruptions in the supply of power could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

The production of primary aluminum requires a substantial and continuous supply of electricity. Interruptions in the supply of power can result in costly production shutdowns, increased costs associated with restarting production and the waste of production in progress. A sudden loss of power, if prolonged, can cause damage to or the destruction of production equipment and facilities. In such an event, we may need to expend significant capital and resources to repair or replace the affected production equipment to restore our production capacity. Various regions across China have experienced shortages and disruptions in electrical power, especially during peak demand in the summer or during severe weather conditions. Our operations in Guizhou Province were disrupted due to power blackouts resulting from severe winter conditions in early 2008, and these disruptions damaged some production equipment and temporarily reduced our production capacity.

 

Our operations consume substantial amounts of coal, and our operations may be adversely affected if we are not able to procure sufficient coal or if coal prices rise significantly.

 

We rely heavily on coal as our energy and fuel source in our production of alumina. As we increase our refining capacity, our consumption of coal will increase accordingly. If our coal suppliers are not able to supply the amount of coal needed for our production due to a shortage of coal, constraints on coal transportation or any other reason, we may be forced to reduce our production output or suspend our refining operations, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Although our average price of coal per unit tonne increased by 21.1% from 2009 to 2010, we expect the price of coal to increase as the PRC economy continues its rapid growth. If we are unable to pass on increases in coal prices to our customers or offset price increases through productivity improvements, our operating margin, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

11


 

We may be unable to continue competing successfully in the markets in which we operate.

 

We face competition from both domestic and international primary aluminum producers. Our principal competitors are domestic smelters, some of which are consolidating and expanding their production capacities. These smelters compete with our primary aluminum operations on the basis of cost, quality and pricing. We also face increasing competition from international alumina and primary aluminum suppliers since the elimination of tariffs on imports of primary aluminum and alumina into China. Increasing competition in our markets may reduce our selling prices or sales volumes, which will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we are unable to price our products competitively, maintain or increase our current share of China's alumina and primary aluminum markets or otherwise maintain our competitiveness, our financial condition, results of operations and profitability could be materially and adversely affected.

 

Our overseas expansion exposes us to political and economic risks, commercial instability and events beyond our control in the countries in which we plan to operate.

 

We are currently undertaking a number of overseas projects, including our aluminium and power joint venture project in Saudi Arabia, the aluminium plant project in Malaysia, the iron ore mining joint venture project in Guinea in West Africa and Aurukun Project in Australia, which require significant capital investment. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - A. History and Development of the Company- Overseas Development". As we are new to these overseas markets, we cannot assure you that our overseas expansion or investments will be successful or that we will not suffer foreign exchange losses in connection with our overseas investment. In addition, our overseas business is subject to the risk of political and economic instability associated with these countries.

 

Our profitability and operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain a steady supply of raw materials at competitive prices.

 

Historically, the price for bauxite, our most important raw material for alumina production, has been volatile. We obtain bauxite for our operations from three major sources, including mines that we own or jointly operate and external suppliers. See "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Raw Materials - Alumina - Supply". The extent to which we procure bauxite from each of these sources affect the security of our supply or cost of bauxite. Our results of operations will be affected by increases in the cost of other raw materials and other key inputs such as energy. If we cannot obtain a steady supply of key raw materials at competitive prices, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

Transportation interruptions may affect our shipment of raw material and delivery of products.

 

Our operations require the reliable transportation of raw materials and supplies to our refining, smelting and fabrication sites and the delivery of finished products to our customers. Our alumina products are mainly transported by rail or truck, and our primary aluminum products are delivered to our customers primarily by rail. In 2008, our deliveries were affected by a snow storm in the first quarter and severe earthquakes in Sichuan Province in May. If we are unable to make timely deliveries due to logistical and transportation disruptions, our production, reputation and results of operations may be adversely affected.

 

We may not successfully develop and implement new methods and processes.

 

A main objective of our research and development is to develop new methods and processes to improve the efficiency of our alumina refineries to production increase yield from bauxite with low alumina-to-silica ratio. If the supply of high quality bauxite with a high alumina-to-silica ratio in China declines, our failure to develop such methods and processes and incorporate them into our production could impede our efforts to reduce unit costs and diminish our competiveness.

 

The bauxite reserve data in this annual report are only estimates, which may prove to be inaccurate.

 

The bauxite reserve data on which we base our production, revenue and expenditure plans are estimates that we have developed internally and may prove inaccurate. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of reserves, including many factors beyond our control. If these estimates are inaccurate or the indicated tonnages are not recovered, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 

Our significant indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We require a significant amount of cash to meet our capital requirements, including the expansion and upgrade of our production capacity, as well as to fund our existing operations. As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately RMB41.7 billion (US$6.3 billion) in outstanding short-term bonds and short-term bank borrowings (including the current portion of long-term bank and other borrowings) and RMB27.7 billion (US$4.2 billion) in outstanding long and medium-term bonds and long-term bank and other borrowings (excluding the current portion of these borrowings). This level of debt could have significant consequences on our operations, including:

 

*

making it more difficult for us to fulfill payment and other obligations under our outstanding debt, including repayment of our debt and credit facilities should we be unable to obtain extensions for any such debt or credit facilities before they mature. In March 2010 and June 2010, we issued first and second tranche of the short-term bonds totalling RMB10 billion (US$1.5 billion) with one-year term. In 2008, we issued medium-term notes totaling RMB10.0 billion (US$1.5 billion) with RMB5.0 billion (US$0.8 billion) in principal amount maturing in 2011 and 2013 respectively. In 2007, we issued RMB2 billion (US$0.3 billion) of long-term bonds, which will mature in 2017;

 

 

12


 

*

reducing the availability of cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

 

 

*

exposing us to interest rates fluctuations on our borrowings and the risk of being unable to rollover, extend or refinance our borrowings as necessary;

 

 

*

potentially increasing the cost of additional financing and making it more difficult for us to conduct equity financings in the capital markets or obtain government approvals to seek additional financing; and

 

 

*

putting pressure on our ADS price due to concerns of our ability to repay our debt.

 

 

Our ability to meet our payment and other obligations under our outstanding debt depends on our ability to generate cash flow in the future or to refinance such debt. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to satisfy our obligations under our outstanding debt and to fund other liquidity needs. If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet such obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, reduce or delay capital investments, or seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to our ADS holders. A shortage of financing could in turn impose limitations on our ability to plan for, or react effectively to, changing market conditions or to expand through organic and acquisitive growth, thereby reducing our competitiveness. We cannot assure you that future financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

 

We may not realize the economic benefits of our expansion and vertical integration plans.

 

Cost savings and other economic benefits expected from our expansion and vertical integration plans may not materialize as a result of project delays, cost overruns, or changes in market conditions. Failure to obtain the intended economic benefits from these projects could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may also experience mixed results from our expansion and vertical integration plans in the short term. In 2008, we acquired five aluminum fabrication plants, which significantly increased our annual aluminum fabrication production capacity and increased our total revenues. However, the change in our product mix resulted in a decrease in our average profit margin as the profit margins of aluminum fabrication products are generally lower than those of our other products.

 

The interests of our controlling shareholder, who exerts significant influence over us, may conflict with ours.

 

Our largest shareholder, Chinalco, directly owned 38.56% of our issued share capital and indirectly owned an additional 3.26% of our issued share capital through its controlled entities. The interests of Chinalco may conflict or even compete with our interests and those of our public shareholders. Chinalco may take actions that are in the interest of its subsidiaries, associates and other related entities to our detriment. For example, Chinalco may seek to influence our decision as to the amount of dividends we declare and distribute. Any increase in our dividend payout would reduce funds otherwise available for reinvestment in our businesses and thus may adversely affect our future prospects and financial condition.

 

In addition, Chinalco and a number of its subsidiaries and associates provide a range of services to us, including engineering and construction services, social services, land and property leasing as well as the supply of raw and supplemental materials. It would be difficult to find an alternative source for some services, such as educational and medical care services, that we receive from Chinalco. Our cost of operations may increase if Chinalco, its subsidiaries and associates are unable to continue providing such services to us.

 

We are subject to, and incur costs to comply with, environmental laws and regulations.

 

Because we produce air emissions, discharge waste water, and handle hazardous substances at our bauxite mines, alumina smelters, aluminum smelters and fabrication plants we are subject to, and incur costs to comply with, environmental laws and regulations. Each of our production plants has implemented a system to control emissions and ensure compliance with PRC environmental regulations. We may incur significant additional costs if relevant laws and regulations change or enforcement of existing laws and regulations become more rigorous. Further, although all of our overseas expansion projects are at the early stage of preparing feasibility report and have not started operation, these projects are subject to foreign environmental laws and regulations that may materially adversely affect our future operations. Failure to comply with environmental laws and regulations may trigger a variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, including the assessment of monetary penalties, the imposition of remedial requirements and the issuance of orders enjoining future operations, all of which may affect our business operations.

 

We are subject to administrative policies and orders relating to China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals that could adversely affect our production capacity and output.

 

We are subject to administrative energy-saving and emission reduction policies and orders carried out by the central and provincial governments in accordance with China's Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals. In the second half of 2010, some of our primary aluminum production facilities were subject to power rationing carried out by some provincial governments to fulfill the Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals, which reduced our primary aluminum production by approximately 1.65%. Although power rationing only slightly reduced our primary aluminum production and the PRC central government has denounced it as an improper means to fulfill the Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Goals, some or all of our primary aluminum production facilities may be subject to power rationing or other similar policies and orders from time to time in the future, which may adversely affect our production capacity and output.

 

13


 

Our business is subject to unplanned business interruptions that may adversely affect our performance.

 

We may experience accidents in the course of our operations, which may cause significant property damage and personal injuries. Significant accidents and natural disasters may cause interruptions to our operations or result in property or environmental damage, an increase in operating expenses or loss of revenues. The occurrence of accidents, natural disasters and the resulting consequences may not be covered adequately, or at all, by the insurance policies we carry. In accordance with customary practice in China, we do not carry any business interruption insurance or third-party liability insurance for personal injury or environmental damage arising from accidents on our property or relating to our operations other than for our automobiles. Losses or payments incurred by us as a result of major accidents or natural disasters may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations if such losses or payments are not fully insured.

 

We are operating a number of mines without a valid permit.

 

Our permits to mine bauxite in some of our bauxite mines have expired and lapsed. While we are seeking to renew those expired licenses, we may be subject to administrative fines for operating mines without a valid license, or we may be ordered to cease our mining operations at such mines until we obtain the renewed licenses. The failure to renew those expired mining licenses may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 

We may be subject to product liability claims.

 

Some of the products we sell or manufacture may expose us to product liability claims relating to property damage or personal injury. The successful assertion of product liability claims against us could result in significant damage payments and harm to our reputation. A successful product liability claim or series of claims brought against us could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our H Shares may not be able to maintain its status as a constituent stock of the Hang Seng Index.

 

Our H Shares is a constituent stock of the Hang Seng Index and, as a result, may attract the interest of tracker funds that maintain investment portfolios that track the performance of the Hang Seng Index. We have no control over the selection of the Hang Seng Index constituent stocks and may not be able to maintain our H Shares as a constituent stock. If our H Shares are removed from the Hang Seng Index, tracker funds may cease investing in our H Shares and our share price may decline.

 

The interests of the shareholders of Jiaozuo Wanfang may conflict with our interests.

 

The interests of non-controlling shareholders of Jiaozuo Wanfang, whose A Shares are listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, may be inconsistent with our interests in certain circumstances. Jiaozuo Wanfang must comply with a number of PRC regulations designed to protect the interests of non-controlling shareholders. According to the relevant PRC laws, when shareholders of Jiaozuo Wanfang vote by poll on connected transactions, connected parties such as us must abstain from voting. If we are unable to obtain approval of connected transactions from the non-controlling shareholders of Jiaozuo Wanfang, such transactions cannot be implemented, which may affect our overall operational efficiency. Furthermore, we may be subject to legal proceedings initiated by the non-controlling shareholders of Jiaozuo Wanfang challenging our actions as its controlling shareholder. Such legal proceedings could result in significant damage awards payable by us and disruption to our businesses, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

 

Our operations are affected by a number of risks relating to conducting business in the PRC.

 

As a significant majority of our assets and operations are located in the PRC, we are subject to a number of risks relating to conducting business in the PRC, including the following:

 

*

The central and local PRC government continues to exercise a substantial degree of control and influence over the aluminum industry in China and shape the structure and development of the industry through the imposition of industry policies governing major project approvals, preferential tax treatment and safety, environmental and quality regulations. If the PRC government changes its current policies or the interpretation of those policies that are currently beneficial to us, we may face pressure on profit margins and significant constraints on our ability to expand our business operations.

 

 

*

Although China has been transitioning from a planned economy to a market-oriented economy, a substantial portion of productive assets in China are still owned by the PRC government. It also exercises significant control over China's economic growth through the allocation of resources, control of payments of obligations denominated in foreign currencies and monetary and tax policies. Some of these measures benefit the overall economy of China, but may have a materially adverse impact on us.

 

 

*

In 2005, China adopted a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of the Renminbi to fluctuate within a regulated band based on supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. Since then the exchange rate between U.S. dollar and Renminbi has fluctuated and become more unpredictable following the international financial crisis with increasing pressure on the Renminbi to appreciate. Any appreciation of the Renminbi will increase the prices of our export sales denominated in foreign currencies and reduce the Renminbi equivalent value of our trade and notes receivable denominated in foreign currencies, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our financial condition and operating performance may also be affected by changes in the value of currencies other than Renminbi in which our earnings and obligations are denominated.

 

 

14


 

*

Although the promulgation of laws and regulations covering general economic matters has increased since 1979, China has not developed an adequately comprehensive legal system and recently enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China. In particular, because these laws and regulations are relatively new, and because of the limited volume of published decisions and their non-binding nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve uncertainties. The system of laws and the enforcement of existing laws in the PRC may not be as certain in implementation and interpretation as in the United States. The PRC judiciary is relatively inexperienced in enforcing corporate and commercial law, leading to a higher than usual degree of uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation. The inability to enforce or obtain a remedy under any of our present or future agreements could result in a significant loss of business, business opportunities or capital.

 

 

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

 

A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

 

We were incorporated as a joint stock limited company under the Company Law of the PRC on September 10, 2001 under the corporate name Aluminum Corporation of China Limited. Our principal executive and registered office is located in the People's Republic of China at No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China 100082, and our telephone number is (86) 10 8229 8103.

 

Pursuant to a reorganization agreement entered into among Chinalco, Guangxi Investment and Guizhou Development in 2001, substantially all of Chinalco's alumina and primary aluminum production operations, as well as a research institute and other related assets and liabilities, were transferred to us upon our formation. We acquired our bauxite mining operations and associated mining rights from Chinalco in a separate mining rights agreement.

 

We are a vertically integrated aluminum producer with operations in bauxite mining, alumina refining, primary aluminum smelting and aluminum fabrication. We also produce ancillary products and services derived from or related to our aluminum operations. In addition, we are engaged in trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, other non-ferrous metal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk domestically and internationally. In 2010, we expanded our business activities into the areas of iron ore mining and coal mining.

 

We have substantially increased the size and scope of our operations through organic growth as well as selective acquisitions and joint ventures. Our key operating assets include three subsidiaries mainly engaged in bauxite mining; four integrated alumina and primary aluminum production plants; six stand-alone alumina refineries, including our jointly-controlled entity, Guangxi Huayin, and one research institute; thirteen stand-alone primary aluminum smelters, including our research institute; eight aluminum fabrication plants; and one carbon production plant. In addition, as of December 31, 2010, we were constructing a bauxite mining facility, one alumina refinery and two aluminum smelters. All of our production facilities are operated in accordance with ISO14001 standards.

 

Acquisitions and Joint Ventures

 

In May 2008, we acquired five aluminum fabrication plants and a primary aluminum smelter from Chinalco and China Nonferrous Metals Technology for a total consideration of RMB4, 181.0 million (US$633.5 million) to achieve greater vertical integration. These acquisitions significantly increased our aluminum fabrication production capacity and enhanced our offering of aluminum fabrication products. In October 2008, we also acquired the aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum for RMB69.0 million (US$10.5 million).

 

In October 2009, we acquired Zhongzhou Aluminum, Hongrui Chemical, Xincheng and the limestone mining business of Zhongzhou Aluminum Fengying Company Ltd. from two wholly-owned subsidiaries of Chinalco for a total cash consideration of RMB35.0 million (US$5.3 million), which was subsequently adjusted to RMB37.0 million (US$5.6 million) pursuant to a valuation adjustment provision in the equity transfer agreement for these acquisitions. Zhongzhou Aluminum and Hongrui Chemical are principally engaged in the provision of construction and engineering services and supply of chemical products and accessory supplies, respectively, for the mining industry. Xincheng is principally engaged in the provision of supervisory services for construction projects.

 

In October 2010, we entered into a joint venture contract with Luxin Company, Shanxi Aluminum Plant, a subsidiary of Chinalco, and natural person shareholders, for the establishment of Shanxi Jiexiu. We and Shanxi Aluminum Plant hold approximately 34% and 16% of the equity interest of Shanxi Jiexiu, respectively. The remaining equity interest is held by Luxin Company and the other investors, who are independent of and not related to us. Shanxi Jiexiu engages in integration of coal resources in Shanxi Province by investing in and reorganizing five coal mining companies in the Jiexiu area, Shanxi Province, with total retained reserves of approximately 300 million tonnes. As of the date of this annual report, Shanxi Jiexiu is in construction in progress.

 

15


 

Construction Projects

 

In December 2009, we completed the construction of production facilities at Chalco Nanhai, which increased our annual aluminum fabrication capacity by approximately 110,000 tonnes.

 

We invested approximately RMB8.5 billion (US$1.3 billion) on infrastructure construction and facility upgrades in 2010 and expect to increase our capital expenditure for the foregoing purposes to RMB15.8 billion (US$2.4 billion) in 2011. As of the date of this annual report, we have undertaken a number of facility expansion projects in China, each of which is expected to be completed in 2011. See "- D. Property, Plants and Equipment - Our Expansion".

 

Overseas Development

 

On March 23, 2007, we entered into a development agreement with the Queensland State Government of Australia (Queensland Government) to develop a bauxite and alumina project, the Aurukun Project. We were issued a bauxite exploration permit in September 2007 by the Queensland Government. However, the market conditions of global aluminum industries incurred substantial negative changes after we executed the development agreement and the Aurukun Project could no longer continue under the original framework. We engaged in active negotiations with the Queensland Government on this and both parties agreed that the development agreement would not be renewed after its term expired on June 30, 2010. However, subsequent to the termination, we have engaged a new round of discussions with the Queensland State Government. In December 2010, the Queensland State Government offered a revised development agreement to us for further discussion. Refer to Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for details.

 

On November 24, 2007, we entered into a framework agreement to jointly construct a one million tonne primary aluminum plant in Saudi Arabia with Malaysia Mining Company ("MMC") and Saudi Arabia Binladin Group ("SBG") and received the permit for the project from the Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority. On May 9, 2008, we entered into a joint venture arrangement with MMC and SBG, which provides for the establishment of a joint venture that will develop and operate the primary aluminum plant with an annual capacity of approximately one million tonnes, as well as an adjoining power plant. We have finished the initial draft of the feasibility report for this project.

 

On February 9, 2010, we entered into a framework agreement with GIIG Holding Sdn Bhd ("GIIG") to develop, own and operate a primary aluminum plant in Sarawak, Malaysia with an annual capacity of approximately 330,000 tonnes. Smelter Asia Sdn Bhd, a wholly-owned subsidiary of GIIG will be reorganized as a joint venture to oversee the development and operation of the primary aluminum plant project. The total investment of this project is estimated to be US$1.0 billion, and we will contribute between US$350 million and US$400 million for 35% to 40% of the equity interests in the joint venture. We are currently preparing the feasibility report for this project.

 

On July 29, 2010, we entered into a joint development agreement with Rio Tinto and Rio Tinto Atlantic, an affiliate of Rio Tinto for the development and operation of the Simandou Project, a premium open-pit iron ore mine located in Guinea, West Africa. Pursuant to the agreement, we (via our subsidiary) will acquire by stages up to a 47% equity interest in a joint-venture company to be incorporated by Rio Tinto, to which Rio Tinto will transfer its entire 95% equity interest in the Simandou Project. The total consideration of US$1.35 billion (equivalent to approximately RMB9.17 billion) for the acquisition will be paid in instalments by us fulfilling the sole funding obligation for the development of the Simandou Project over a period of approximately 3 to 5 years. The joint development agreement shall become effective upon prior satisfaction or prior waiver of each of (i) the condition that the approval of the transaction by the competent authorities of the PRC is obtained and (ii) certain competition law conditions. Such project is in active progress.

 

Proposed non-public Offering of A Shares

 

On June 30, 2009, we passed the resolutions of proposed non-public offering of A Shares to no more than ten target subscribers. According to the resolutions, not more than RMB10.0 billion (US$1.5 billion) denominated ordinary shares (A Shares) would be issued. The issue price of A Shares to be offered would be not less than 90% of the average trading price of our A Shares in twenty trading days immediately preceding the pricing determination date. We intended to apply proceeds from this non-public offering to finance part of the 800,000 tonne alumina project at our Chongqing branch and Zunyi Aluminum and to supplement our working capital. The implementation of the proposal was approved by our shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting held on August 24, 2009. The period of validity of the resolutions was 12 months from the date of the resolutions passed at the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting. The non-public offering of A Shares was also approved by CSRC on April 12, 2010, with a valid period of six months starting from the approval date. On August 23, 2010, the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting passed a special resolution to approve the extension of the period of validity of the resolutions in respect of the non-public offering of A Shares by us and the related authorizations for a 12-month period to expire on August 23, 2011. Except for the period of validity, the original plan and the authorization scope for issuance of A Shares remained unchanged.

 

As approvals of CSRC and the relevant government authorities for such A Share issue have expired and as a result of changes in our capital requirements which require changes to be made to the use of proceeds and the proposed adjustments in the issue price, our Board approved a new issue plan on January 30, 2011. Under the new plan, we will issue up to one billion A Shares, with a nominal value of RMB1.00 each, by way of non-public issuance for expected proceeds not exceeding RMB9 billion (US$1.4 billion). The authorization given by the resolutions are valid for 12 months from the date of passage. We will issue the A Shares to no more than ten specific target subscribers within six months from obtaining the approval of CSRC. We intend to apply proceeds from this private placement to finance Chalco Xing Xian alumina project, Chalco Zhonghzhou Ore-dressing Bayer Process expansion construction project, and to supplement working capital. On April 14, 2011, the extraordinary general meeting, A Share class meeting and H Share class meeting passed special resolutions in relation to the new plan of issue of A Shares. We will apply to CSRC for approval upon passing the special resolutions.

 

Proposed Issuance of H Shares

 

On June 22, 2010, the shareholders of the 2009 annual general meeting passed special resolutions, which are valid until the earliest of the end of 12 months from the date of passage, the conclusion of our next annual general meeting or the date on which the authority set out in these resolutions or varied by a special resolution in a general meeting. The resolutions authorize us to issue up to 20% of the total nominal value of H Shares in issue as of the resolution date. Our Board is authorized to determine the use of the proceeds. The proposed issuance is subject to the approval by the CSRC and/or other relevant PRC government authorities.

 

16


 

B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW

 

Our Principal Products

 

Chalco is China's largest producer of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products in terms of production volume. We have benefited from the strong growth of the PRC aluminum market, one of the world's fastest growing major aluminum markets. Based on 2010 production volume, we were the world's second largest producer of alumina and third largest producer of primary aluminum. Our aluminum operations span the aluminum market value and industry chain from bauxite mining to aluminum fabrication. Bauxite is refined into alumina, which is then smelted into primary aluminum. Primary aluminum, in turn, is a widely used metal and the key raw material in aluminum fabrication. Aluminum fabrication products have applications in the construction, transportation, power generation, automobile, packaging, machinery and durable goods industries. In addition to alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products, we also produce and sell a comparatively small amount of alumina chemical products (alumina hydrate and alumina-based industrial chemical products), carbon products (carbon anodes and cathodes) and gallium. We organize and manage our operations according to our three principal products: alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products. Revenues attributable to our alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication segments accounted for approximately 1.8%, 21.8% and 8.5%, respectively, of our total revenues in 2010. We also engage in the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, relevant metal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk both manufactured by us and sourced from external suppliers domestically and abroad. Revenues attributed to our trading segment accounted for approximately 67.8% of our total revenues in 2010. The remainder of our revenues were derived from research and development activities and other products and services.

 

Our alumina segment includes the mining and purchasing of bauxite and other raw materials, and production and sale of alumina as well as alumina-related products, such as alumina hydrate, alumina-based chemical products and gallium. Alumina accounted for approximately 93.1% of the total production volume for this segment in 2010. Alumina chemical products are used in the production of chemical, pharmaceutical, ceramic and construction materials. In the process of refining bauxite into alumina, we produce a small amount of gallium as a by-product. Gallium is a rare, high value metal with applications in the electronics and telecommunication industries.

 

Our primary aluminum segment includes the production and sale of primary aluminum and aluminum-related products, such as carbon products. Our principal primary aluminum product is ingots, which accounted for approximately 85% of our total production volume for this segment in 2010. Our standard 20 kilogram remelt ingots are used for general aluminum fabrication in the construction, power generation, automobile, packaging, machinery and durable goods industries. We internally produce substantially all the carbon products used at our smelters and sell a portion of our remaining carbon products to external customers.

 

Our aluminum fabrication segment includes the production and sale of aluminum fabrication products, including casts, planks, screens, extrusions, forges, powder and die castings, which are widely used in the construction, power generation, automobile, packaging, machinery and durable goods industries. We use recycled aluminum materials at Chalco Qingdao and Chalco Nanhai, two of our aluminum fabrication plants, to produce aluminum fabrication products.

 

Our trading segment includes sales of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, relevant metal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk both manufactured by us and sourced from external suppliers domestically and abroad. We established our trading business as a separate segment in July 2010, as a result of the implementation of our operational structural exercise.

 

Our Production Capacity

 

Our alumina production capacity has increased rapidly in the past few years, from approximately 5.4 million tonnes in 2002 to approximately 12.9 million tonnes in 2010. During the same period, our annual primary aluminum production capacity increased from approximately 750,000 tonnes to approximately 4.0 million tonnes. Our alumina and primary aluminum represented approximately 35.0% and 24.5%, respectively, of China's production in 2010. Since 2008, we have significantly expanded our aluminum fabrication operations. Our annual aluminum fabrication production capacity increased from approximately 1.3 million tonnes as of December 31, 2009 to approximately 1.7 million tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Our aluminium fabrication represented approximately 3% of China's production in 2010.

 

The following table sets forth the production capacity of each of our principal production facilities by business segment as of the indicated date:

 

17


 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

 

 


 

 

 

 

Aluminum Fabrication

Plant

 

Alumina

Primary Aluminum

Products

 

 




 

 

(in thousand tonnes) (1)

 

 

 

Guangxi branch

 

1,730.0

139.5

-

Zhongzhou branch

 

2,030.0

-

-

Qinghai branch

 

-

367.0

-

Shanxi branch

 

2,217.0

-

-

Guizhou branch

 

1,200.0

403.7

-

Henan branch

 

2,050.0

56.0

-

Shandong branch

 

1,500.0

75.0

-

Zunyi Alumina

 

800.0

-

-

Chongqing branch

 

800.0

-

-

Shanxi Huaze

 

-

350.0

-

Lanzhou branch

 

-

388.0

-

Shanxi Huasheng

 

-

220.0

-

Fushun Aluminum

 

-

240.0

-

Jiaozuo Wanfang(2)

 

-

412.0

-

Zunyi Aluminum

 

-

235.0

-

Shandong Huayu

 

-

200.0

-

Gansu Hualu

 

-

230.0

-

Baotou Aluminum

 

-

388.0

-

Guangxi Huayin(3)

 

530.0

-

-

Research Institute

 

20.0

18.0

-

Liancheng branch

 

-

225.0

-

Longmen Aluminum

 

-

17.0

-

Northwest Aluminum

 

-

-

100.0

Chalco Qingdao

 

-

-

120.0

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

 

-

-

350.0

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling

 

-

-

250.0

Chalco Ruimin

 

-

-

370.0

Henan Aluminum

 

-

-

355.0

Huaxi Aluminum

 

-

-

22.0

Chalco Nanhai

 

-

-

110.0

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

12,877.0

3,964.2

1,677.0

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Production capacity is calculated based on designed capacity, which accounts for various assumptions including downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs, the ore grade of bauxite feedstock and subsequent capacity modifications.

 

 

(2)

We have de facto control over Jiaozuo Wanfang although we hold 24.002% of its equity interest. As it is a consolidated subsidiary, the indicated production capacity represents Jiaozuo Wanfang's entire production capacity.

 

 

(3)

As of December 31, 2010, we held 33% of the equity interest in Guangxi Huayin as its second largest equity holder. The indicated production capacity represents our pro rata share of Guangxi Huayin's production capacity.

 

 

The following table sets forth a breakdown of our production volume by product segment for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 


Production Volume by Product

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

(in thousand tonnes, except Gallium)

 

 

 

Alumina segment

 

 

 

 

   Alumina

 

9,020.4

7,776.8

10,131.4

   Alumina chemical products

 

1,038.1

1,034.3

1,173.7

   Gallium (in tonnes)

 

39.6

20.9

20.2

Primary aluminum segment

 

 

 

 

   Primary aluminum (1) (2)

 

3,253.3

3,444.4

3,835.1

   Carbon

 

1,601.3

1,626.0

1,812.0

Aluminum fabrication

 

 

 

 

   Aluminum fabrication products (2)

 

353.1

412.6

588.0

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Including ingots and other primary aluminum products.

 

 

18


 

(2)

The production volumes of Huaxi Aluminum, Chalco Ruimin, Chalco Southwest Aluminum, Henan Aluminum and Liancheng branch were included as of the date of their acquisition on May 30, 2008. For accounting purpose, merger accounting was applied to account for the acquisition of these four aluminum fabrication plants and primary aluminum plant. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to include their results of operations for the periods presented, including the periods before the acquisitions. For information on common control business combinations in accordance with IFRS, see Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

 

Production Process

 

Alumina

 

Alumina is refined from bauxite, an aluminum-bearing ore, through a chemical refining process. The refining process applied is determined by the mineral composition of the bauxite used in production. Our refineries may employ the Bayer process, the series Bayer-sintering process, the parallel Bay-sintering process, the hybrid Bayer-sintering process, or the ore-dressing Bayer process. Most of the bauxite reserves in China contain diasporic bauxite, which contains high alumina content and relatively high silica content, resulting in bauxite reserves with low alumina-to-silica ratio. The Bayer process cannot efficiently refine diasporic bauxite that has not undergone processing to increase its alumina-to-silica ratio. The sintering process or the hybrid Bayer-sintering process is suitable for refining low alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite. We have developed and improved these processes to increase our refining yield. When we refine alumina using the Bayer process, we produce gallium as a by-product, which undergoes further processing before sale.

 

Primary Aluminum

 

We smelt alumina into primary aluminum through electrolytic reduction. The electrolytic process takes place in a reduction cell, or pot, a steel shell lined with carbon cathodes and refractory materials. Powerful electric currents are passed through the pot to produce molten aluminum. The molten aluminum is transferred to holding furnaces and then poured directly into molds to produce foundry ingots, or further refined to form fabricating ingots, which may be used directly in the aluminum fabrication process. Most of the primary aluminum we produce is in the form of ingots.

 

All of our primary aluminum capacity uses pre-bake anode reduction pot-lines, which have been adopted by most modern aluminum production facilities. In the pre-bake reduction process, the anodes are pre-formed in a separate facility where pollutants can be contained. The cells themselves are enclosed with removable panels so that waste gas produced during the process can be extracted using large exhaust fans. Our waste gas is treated and purified to reduce dust and fluoride emissions to acceptable levels set by state environmental protection agencies.

 

Aluminum Fabrication Products

 

Aluminum fabrication products are formed from primary aluminum. Our aluminum fabrication plants, Chalco Qingdao and Chalco Nanhai, use recycled aluminum materials to produce aluminum fabrication products. We produce seven major categories of aluminum fabrication products, namely, casts, planks, screens, extrusions, forges, powder and die castings.

 

Production Facilities

 

Alumina

 

We currently operate nine alumina production facilities and one research institute with a total designed annual production capacity of approximately 12.9 million tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Four of our refineries are integrated with primary aluminum smelters. As demand for primary aluminum has increased since the second half of 2009, our overall utilization rate has increased to 90.89% for 2010 from 78.1% in 2009. In 2010, we produced approximately 10.1 million tonnes of alumina, approximately 1.2 million tonnes of alumina chemical products and approximately 20.2 tonnes of gallium. In 2010, we supplied approximately 8.8 million tonnes, or 74% of our total production, of alumina to our own smelters and sold the remaining alumina to other domestic smelters. All of the alumina chemical products that we produced in 2010 were sold directly to external customers in China or overseas or internally to Chalco Trading for subsequent external trading. In 2010, our Chongqing branch and Zunyi Alumina completed the refinery construction projects, which increased our total annual production capacity of alumina by 1.6 million tonnes to 12.9 million tonnes. Some refineries of our Shandong branch are currently undergoing remoulding, which we expect will be completed by the end of 2011 and will increase our total alumina production capacity by 270,000 tonnes.

 

The following table sets forth the annual production capacity, output of alumina and alumina chemical products, utilization rate of and production process applied in each of our alumina refineries and our Research Institute.

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2010

For the year ended December 31, 2010

 

 



 

 

 

 

Alumina

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

Alumina

Chemical

 

 

 

 

 

Production

Production

Products

Utilization

 

 

 

 

Capacity (1)

Output

Output

Rate (2)

 

Production Process

 

 





 


 

 

 

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

 

 

 

 

Shanxi branch

 

2,217.0

1,775.1

19.8

89.85%

 

Hybrid Bayer-sintering

 

19


 

Henan branch

 

2,050.0

1,921.5

32.9

79.63%

 

Hybrid Bayer-sintering

Shandong branch

 

1,500.0

1,599.2

682.5

93.18%

 

Parallel Bayer-sintering

Guizhou branch

 

1,200.0

1,078.3

69.6

100%

 

Hybrid Bayer-sintering

Zhongzhou branch

 

2,030.0

1,692.8

266.7

85.02%

 

Parallel Bayer-sintering

Guangxi branch

 

1,730.0

1,990.2

102.2

100%

 

Bayer

Zunyi Alumina

 

800.0

74.3

-

75%

 

Bayer

Chongqing branch

 

800.0

-

-

-

 

Series Bayer-sintering

Guangxi Huayin(3)

 

530.0

-

-

100%

 

Bayer

Research Institute(4)

 

20.0

-

-

-

 

Bayer

 

 





 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

12,877.0

10,131.4

1,173.7

90.89%

 

 

 

 





 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Production capacity is calculated based on designed capacity, which accounts for various assumptions including downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs, the ore grade of bauxite feedstock and subsequent capacity modifications.

 

 

(2)

Capacity utilization rates represent the sum of (i) the output of alumina chemical products multiplied by a quotient based on the alumina content of the respective alumina chemical product and (ii) the output of alumina divided by production capacity of a particular plant. Utilization rates may exceed 100% if the ore grade of bauxite feedstock used is higher than expected in the calculation of design capacity.

 

 

(3)

Guangxi Huayin's designed capacity represents our pro rata share of this jointly-controlled entity. Guangxi Huayin's production volume was not included in our production volume for 2010.

 

 

(4)

The alumina chemical products produced at our Research Institute are sold commercially, and such sales are included in our total revenues.

 

 

Primary Aluminum

 

We operate 17 primary aluminum production facilities located across nine provinces in China, including our Research Institute, which produces a limited amount of primary aluminum in connection with its research and development activities. Our smelters had an aggregate annual production capacity of approximately 3.96 million tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Four of our smelters are integrated with alumina refineries and do not need to source alumina externally.

 

We produced approximately 3.8 million tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010, and the average utilization rate for our smelters was 96.7% for the year, improved from 86.6% in 2009. In 2010, the annual production capacity of Gansu Hualu increased by 70,000 tonnes due to the completion of construction of new smelters. The annual production capacity of Liancheng branch and Lanzhou branch decreased by a total amount of 85,000 tonnes because we ceased the operation of some obsolete smelters in compliance with the energy-saving and emission reduction policy carried out by local governments in the fourth quarter of 2010. Our Liancheng branch is currently constructing its smelters. We expect the construction to be completed and the smelters to be put into operation by the end of 2011, which will increase our total production capacity by 388,000 tonnes.

 

The following table sets forth the annual production capacity, aluminum output, utilization rate and smelting equipment used in each of our aluminum smelters and our Research Institute.

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2010

For the year ended December 31, 2010

 

 



 

 

Annual

 

 

 

 

 

 

Production

Aluminum

Utilization

 

 

Plant

 

Capacity(1)

Output

Rate(2)

 

Smelting Equipment

 

 




 


 

 

 

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

 

 

 

 

Baotou Aluminum

 

388.0

412.0

106.2%

 

200kA and 240kA pre-bake

Fushun Aluminum

 

240.0

205.8

85.8%

 

200kA pre-bake

Gansu Hualu

 

230.0

165.0

71.7%

 

160kA and 210kA pre-bake

Guangxi branch

 

139.5

114.6

82.2%

 

160kA and 320kA pre-bake

Guizhou branch

 

403.7

432.3

107.1%

 

160kA, 186kA and 230kA pre-bake

Henan branch

 

56.0

-

-

 

85kA pre-bake

Jiaozuo Wanfang

 

412.0

408.9

99.2%

 

280kA pre-bake

Lanzhou branch

 

388.0

429.3

110.6%

 

75kA, 200kA and 350kA pre-bake

Qinghai branch

 

367.0

384.3

104.7%

 

160kA and 200kA pre-bake

Research Institute(3)

 

18.0

11.2

62.2%

 

150kA and 300kA pre-bake

Shandong Huayu

 

200.0

215.7

107.9%

 

240kA pre-bake

Shandong branch

 

75.0

58.3

77.7%

 

80kA & 200kA pre-bake

Shanxi Huasheng

 

220.0

223.2

101.5%

 

300kA pre-bake

Shanxi Huaze

 

350.0

341.5

97.6%

 

300kA pre-bake

Zunyi Aluminum

 

235.0

190.8

81.2%

 

200kA & 350kA pre-bake

Liancheng branch

 

225.0

230.4

102.4%

 

90kA & 200kA pre-bake

Longmen Aluminum

 

17.0

11.8

69.4%

 

75kA pre-bake

 

 




 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

3,964.2(4)

3,835.1

96.7%

 

 

 

 




 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Production capacity takes into account designed capacity, downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs and subsequent capacity modifications.

 

 

20


 

(2)

Capacity utilization rate is determined by dividing the production output by production capacity. Utilization rate of some primary aluminum facilities exceeded 100% primarily due to the increased use of electricity in enhancing production efficiency.

 

 

(3)

The primary aluminum produced at our Research Institute is sold commercially, and such sales are included in our total revenues.

 

 

(4)

Not including the aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum.

 

 

Aluminum Fabrication Products

 

We currently operate eight aluminum fabrication facilities in China, among which, five facilities were acquired in 2008. We completed the construction and expansion of the facilities of Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling and Chalco Ruimin in 2010, which increased our annual aluminum fabrication capacity by approximately 350,000 tonnes to approximately 1.7 million tonnes as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, we produced approximately 588,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products. Northwest Aluminum is constructing new facilities and expanding its existing facilities, which we expect will increase its fabrication capacity by a total of 35,000 tonnes to approximately 135,000 tonnes by the end of 2011.

 

The following table sets forth the annual production capacity, output of aluminum fabrication products, principal products and utilization rate of each of our aluminum fabrication plants.

 

 

 

As of

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2010

For the year ended December 31, 2010

 

 



 

 

Annual

Aluminum

 

 

 

 

 

Production

Fabrication

Utilization

 

 

Plant

 

Capacity(1)

Product Output

Rate(2)

 

Principal Products

 

 




 


 

 

 

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

 

 

 

 

Northwest Aluminum

 

100

62

62.0%

 

planks, screens, wires,

 

 

 

 

 

 

   tubes and profiles

Chalco Ruimin

 

370.00

131

35.4%

 

planks and screens

Huaxi Aluminum

 

22.0

25

113.6%

 

strips and screens

Chalco Southwest

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Aluminum

 

350.0

234

66.9%

 

strips and screens

Chalco Southwest

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Aluminum

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Cold Rolling

 

250

-

-

 

planks and screens

Henan Aluminum

 

355.0

111

31.3%

 

planks, strips and screens

Chalco Qingdao

 

120.0

25

20.8%

 

ingots

Chalco Nanhai

 

110.0

-

-

 

-

 

 




 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

1,677.0

588

35.1%

 

-

 

 




 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Production capacity takes into account designed capacity, downtime for ordinary maintenance and repairs and subsequent capacity modifications.

 

 

(2)

Capacity utilization rate is determined by dividing the production output by production capacity.

 

 

Raw Materials

 

Alumina

 

Bauxite is the principal raw material in alumina production. Most of the bauxite in China is AL2O3.H2O mineral. Bauxite deposits have been discovered across a broad area of central China and are especially abundant in the southern and northern parts of central China. The largest bauxite deposit in China lies in Shanxi Province.

 

Rock Formation and Mineralization. The bauxite deposits of our mines, except those of Guangxi Pingguo mine which is an accumulation deposit due to original erosion, usually have similar stratigraphical sequences. Primary bauxite deposit, as a type of sedimentary AL2O3.H2O of Carboniferous or Permian age, is contained in clay rock, limestone or coal seams. A zonary red shale is usually located at the bottom of the bauxite and the red seam distributes over the irregular "karst-type" erosion face on the top of Ordovician limestone. Aluminum deposits in northern China are usually covered with a very thick Quaternary weathering.

 

The thickness and quality of deposits vary with our mine locations. Quality is usually consistent in smooth sections but changes sharply in karst "billabong" terrain. The level of hardness of minerals also varies. A sequence that includes a seam of hard bauxite of fine quality in the middle and soft bauxite of inferior quality on the bottom and top seams is common in deposits.

 

Generally, deposits are horizontal or with an obliquity of 0 to 8 degrees, but there are also steep deposits at an angle of 75 degrees, such as the Guizhou No. 2 mine. Most of the original mineralization is not influenced by folds and faults, and some fractures of a low obliquity and folds emerge in certain deposits, which is evident in the Guizhou No. 2 mine area where the underground mining method must be used due to the obliquity of its bauxite body reaching 70 degrees with the influence of folds and several meters of dislocation arising from partial faults.

 

21


 

Economic Significance. Our bauxite deposits are divided into three groups. They are primarily distinguished by drill hole spacing and the composition of the deposit, which can encompass rock formations such as intercalated clays, bauxite, footwall iron clay or Ordovician limestone. Bauxite deposit groups vary in the thickness and mineral quality of its reserves.

 

We use the Chinese bauxite deposit estimation method, which is calculated using cutoff grades and thickness to outline continuous areas within the limits defined by samples of marginal grade. We utilize actual limiting sample points that are joined to create a polygonal outline, and grades are then calculated using a length weighted arithmetic average. The Chinese program of systematic and accurate method of test boring, inspection pit, trial trench, density, tonnage analysis and calculation applied to the geological work of bauxite in China is an appropriate method to analyze these types of deposits.

 

Supply. To support the growth of our alumina production, we continuously seek opportunities to streamline and optimize our bauxite procurement, including the ongoing restructuring of our joint mining operators. Except for our Shandong branch, all of our refineries are located in the four provinces where over 90% of China's potentially mineable bauxite has been found. We generally source our bauxite from mines close to our refineries to control transportation costs. Historically, we have procured our bauxite supply principally from three sources:

 

*

our own bauxite mining operations;

 

 

*

jointly-operated mines; and

 

 

*

other suppliers, which principally include small independent mines in China and, to a lesser extent, international suppliers.

 

 

On average, our refineries consume approximately 2.2 tonnes of bauxite to produce one tonne of alumina in 2010. We used approximately 18.4 million tonnes, 17.7 million tonnes and 24.2 million tonnes of bauxite in our alumina production in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. The combined production of our own mines and jointly-operated mines was 12.8 million tonnes in 2010, representing an increase of 15.3% from 2009. The production of our own mines reached 12.7 million tonnes in 2010, representing an increase of 18.7% from 2009. The production volume of our jointly-operated mine was 40,000 tonnes in 2010, representing a decrease of 90.9% from 2009, primarily because seven of our joint-operated mines in Shanxi Province became mining areas of our new own mine, Shanxi Other Mines. We purchase bauxite from a number of suppliers and are not dependent on any supplier for our bauxite requirements. In 2010, bauxite secured from other suppliers accounted for 50.5% of our total bauxite supply, primarily because our demand for bauxite exceeds the production volume of our own mines and our joint-operated mines. Our own mines increased from 14 in 2009 to 15 in 2010 and we continue to explore new bauxite reserves to replenish our reserves.

 

The following table sets forth the volumes and percentages of bauxite supplied by our own mines, jointly-operated mines and other suppliers for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

 

Percentage of

 

Percentage of

 

Percentage of

 

 

Bauxite

Bauxite

Bauxite

Bauxite

Bauxite

Bauxite

 

 

Supply

Supply

Supply

Supply

Supply

Supply

 

 







 

 

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

 







 

 

(in thousand tonnes, except percentages)

 

 

 

Own mines

 

6,885.0

30.9

10,656.8

61.3

12,729.9

49.4

Jointly-operated mines

 

1,403.5

6.3

439.5

2.5

40.0

0.2

Other suppliers

 

13,992.4

62.8

6,293.3

36.2

13,005.0

50.5

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

22,280.9

100.0

17,389.6

100.0

25,774.9

100.0

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Own Mines. As of December 31, 2010, we owned and operated 15 mines that had approximately 241.2 million tonnes of aggregate bauxite reserves. As none of our mines produce bauxite for external sales, we have full access to the bauxite produced by our own mines. For the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, we extracted 6.9 million tonnes, 10.7 million tonnes and 12.7 million tonnes of bauxite from our own mines, representing 30.9%, 61.3% and 49.4% of our alumina production requirements, respectively. In order to retain the title to our mines, or obtain the title to new mines, we are required to comply with mining qualifications approved by the relevant PRC authorities and pay an annual fee equivalent to RMB1,000 (US$151.5) per km2 for our mines.

 

Our reported bauxite reserves for our own mines do not exceed the quantities that we estimate could be extracted economically if future prices were at similar levels to average historical prices for traded metals for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, or the three year historical contracted prices for bulk commodities. However, we do not use the three year historical bauxite or aluminum price to determine bauxite reserves, nor did we utilize any currency conversion factors or pricing related mechanisms. Instead, the primary criteria are the specifications required by our aluminum refineries, as well as certain modifying factors that are dependent on reserve quality.

 

In 2010, our own mines increased to 15 from 14 in 2009 and seven of our joint-operated mines in Shanxi Province became mining areas of our new own mine, Shanxi Other Mines.

 

22


 

Each one of our mines is accessible by motor vehicles via public roads, highways or both. All of our own mines are powered by diesel fuel or generators and have access to water from local rivers, lakes or underground sources. The following table sets forth information for our own mines as of December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

Nature of

 

Permit

Present Condition/

 

Bauxite

Mine

Location

ownership(1)

Mining Method

Renewal(1)

Current State of Exploration

Capacity(2)

Production

 

 

 

 

 

 

(in thousand

(in thousand

 

 

 

 

 

 

tonnes)

tonnes)









 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pingguo mine

Guangxi Zhuang

100% owned and

Open pit

September 2031

Fully developed and operational

4,080.0

4,738.0

 

Autonomous Zone

operated by Chalco

 

 

 

 

 

Guizhou mine(3)

Guizhou Province

100% owned and

Open pit / underground

September 2016 -

Fully developed and operational

900.0

824.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

December 2038

 

 

 

Zunyi mine

Guizhou Province

100% owned and

Open pit

February 2020

Not operational

-

-

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

 

 

 

 

Xiaoyi mine

Shanxi Province

100% owned and

Open pit

October 2010 -

Fully developed and operational

2,750.0

2,531.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

September 2031

 

 

 

Shanxi Other Mines

Shanxi Province

100% owned and

Open pit/ underground

August 2008 -

Fully developed and operational or

1,300

495.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

April 2015

under construction(5)

 

 

Mianchi mine

Henan Province

100% owned and

Open pit / underground

December 2010 -

One stope is currently

300.0

741.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

October 2031

under development

 

 

Luoyang mine

Henan Province

100% owned and

Open pit/ underground

December 2013 -

Fully developed and operational

700.0

950.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

October 2031

 

 

 

Xiaoguan mine

Henan Province

100% owned and

Open pit / underground

January 2011 -

Fully developed and operational

180.0

1,190.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

October 2031

 

 

 

Sanmenxia mine

Henan Province

100% owned and

Underground

April 2015 -

Under construction

-

42.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

August 2023

 

 

 

Xuchang mine (4)

Henan Province

100% owned by

Open pit / underground

March 2011 -

Third-party operator

-

28.0

 

 

Chalco

 

August 2013

 

 

 

Jiaozuo mine

Henan Province

100% owned and

Open pit/ underground

April 2011 -

Fully developed and operational

-

383.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

September 2016

 

 

 

Pingdingshan mine

Henan province

100% owned and

Open pit / underground

April 2011 -

Fully developed and operational

-

523.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

February 2018

 

 

 

Yangquan mine

Shanxi Province

100% owned and

Open pit

September 2026 -

Fully developed and operational

150.0

168.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

September 2031

 

 

 

Nanchuan mine

Chongqing City

100% owned and

Underground

November 2016 -

Fully developed and operational

1,650.0

117.0

 

 

operated by Chalco

 

November 2026

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

All conditions to retain our properties or leases have been fulfilled as of December 31, 2010. Each mine may be covered by one or more mining permits and the range of permit renewal dates is set forth above.

 

 

(2)

The annual production capacity of our own mines was 12.0 million tonnes of bauxite as of December 31, 2010.

 

 

(3)

Including Guizhou No. 1 mine and Guizhou No. 2 mine.

 

 

(4)

Yuzhong mine was renamed Xuchang mine in 2009.

 

 

(5)

Three mining areas of Shanxi Other Mines are under construction and four mining areas are fully developed and operational.

 

 

The respective terms of the mining rights permit are the shorter of the estimated working life of the mine and 30 years beginning 2001. We are required to obtain mining rights permits to operate mining services. Under PRC laws and regulations, a mine owner must prepare and submit exploration reports for a mine to the local government to obtain a mining rights permit for a mine. If an applicant for the mining rights permit is not the owner of a mine, the applicant must first enter into a lease agreement with the mine owner before submitting an application. The development license is subject to renewal on a regular basis. Furthermore, we are required to obtain land use rights on the land in order to operate these mines. We lease the land use rights relating to foregoing mines from Chinalco pursuant to a land use rights lease agreement that became effective upon our formation. Chinalco's land use rights relating to over 90% of our mining properties are for 50-year terms beginning on July 1, 2001. The remaining land use rights relating to the mines we own and operate are for shorter terms, some as short as one year. All of our land use rights lease agreements end on the expiry date of the mining rights or the end of the working life of the mine, whichever is earlier. Both the land use rights and land use rights lease agreements are renewable.

 

The following table sets forth certain estimated details of the reserves for our own mines as of December 31, 2010.

 

 

 

 

Total

            Average Grade (%)

Ratio of

Mine

 

Area (km2)

Reserves(1)(2)

Al2O3

SiO2

Average A/S(3)

 

 

 

(million tonnes)

 

 

 


 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pingguo mine

 

136.04

86.44

55.44

5.35

10.37

Guizhou No. 1 mine

 

6.40

2.17

63.19

13.31

4.75

Guizhou No. 2 mine

 

26.50

15.00

62.30

9.44

6.60

Zunyi mine

 

2.48

2.83

55.32

8.80

6.29

Xiaoyi mine

 

11.56

24.93

62.57

13.14

4.76

Shanxi Other Mines

 

17.80

8.44

57.70

9.65

5.98

Mianchi mine

 

11.20

2.54

63.04

12.03

5.24

Luoyang mine

 

7.13

1.69

63.70

12.35

5.16

Xiaoguan mine

 

42.08

26.73

63.93

13.98

4.57

Sanmenxia mine

 

15.68

27.31

64.72

11.48

5.64

Xuchang mine

 

8.07

0.25

62.90

15.66

4.02

Jiaozuo mine

 

17.45

1.50

59.52

13.77

4.32

Pingdingshan mine

 

11.51

1.14

60.14

12.71

4.73

23


 

Yangquan mine

 

2.36

6.72

59.75

11.87

5.03

Nanchuan mine

 

20.96

33.48

61.17

13.69

4.47

Total (average)

 

337.22

241.17

59.85

9.88

6.06

By reserve type

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Proven reserve

 

 

77.64

60.91

9.67

6.30

   Probable reserve

 

 

163.53

59.35

9.98

5.95

Total (average)

 

 

 

 

 

 

   reserves

 

 

241.17

59.85

9.88

6.06

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Our reserves take into consideration mining dilution and loss factors, which generally vary from 5% to 10% and are based on the planned mining method and selected drill data for each site.

 

 

(2)

Our metallurgical recovery factors are calculated in accordance with the relevant PRC mining standards and vary from mine to mine.

 

 

(3)

Refers to the ratio of average grade of Al2O3 to the average grade of SiO2 of the reserves.

 

 

Jointly-Operated Mines. Jointly-operated mines are generally operated pursuant to long-term contractual arrangements in which we typically contribute resources such as funding, equipment, labor and management, and the other parties contribute land and/or mining rights and certain personnel resources. The other parties are also typically responsible for obtaining all relevant certificates or approvals in respect of the lands. Generally, we are able to control the mining operations of our jointly-operated mines, including determination of production schedules as well as the amounts and grades of bauxite produced. To optimize our resources and reduce costs, we currently manage our jointly-operated mines using one of the following three methods: (i) establishing joint ventures with other companies to invest in and share resources; (ii) providing mining technology or other resources to companies with local mines in return for exclusive purchase rights to the bauxite ores; or (iii) contracting with local companies for their mining services to operate mines owned by us.

 

In the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, our jointly-operated mines produced bauxite of 1,403,500 tonnes, 439,500 tonnes and 40,000 tonnes, representing 6.3%, 2.5% and 0.2 % of the demand from our alumina production, respectively.

 

Our jointly-operated mines decreased from 17 in 2009 to three in 2010, among which, seven of our jointly-operated mines in Shanxi Province became mining areas of Shanxi Other Mines, our new own mine; Wenquan Town mine and Shanchuan mine became mining areas of our existing own mines. We also lost five jointly-operated mines, including Yuanping mine, Yangpo mine, Shaping mine, Goujiang mine and Zhijin mine. We had two new jointly-operated mines in 2010, including Xiataohua mine and Xinzhuang mine. As of December 31, 2010, Maige mine had nil bauxite reserve and therefore is not included in the jointly-operated mines. As of December 31, 2010, Tuanxi mine was in the process of being transferred to Zunyi mine and did not have joint-operating agreement therefore is not included in the jointly-operated mines.

 

Each one of our jointly-operated mines is accessible by motor vehicles via public roads, highways or both. Our jointly-operated mines are powered by diesel fuel or generators and have access to water from local rivers, lakes or underground sources. The following table sets forth information on our jointly-operated mines as of December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Present Condition/

 

 

 

Name of Joint

 

Permit

Current State of

 

Mine

Province

Operator

Mining Method

Renewal(2)

Exploration

Material Terms of Operating Agreements








 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dayu mine

Shandong

n/a(1)

Open pit

December 2009

under development

We are the sole owner of these mines and are conducting research on the development plan of these mines. We are searching for operators for future development.

Xiataohua mine

Shandong

n/a(1)

Open pit

December 2010

undergoing exploration

We are the sole owner of these mines and are conducting research on the development plan of these mines. We are searching for operators for future development.

Xinzhuang mine

Shandong

n/a(1)

Open pit

December 2010

undergoing exploration

We are the sole owner of these mines and are conducting research on the development plan of these mines. We are searching for operators for future development.


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

We have decided to cooperate with other parties to undertake the mining operations in these mines. However, as of December 31, 2010, we had not confirmed any party as our partner.

 

 

(2)

All conditions to retain jointly-owned properties or jointly-held leases have been fulfilled as of December 31, 2010.

 

 

The following table sets forth the specific details of our jointly-operated mines as of December 31, 2010.

 

 

 

 

Total

            Average Grade (%)

Ratio of

Mine

 

Area (km2)

Reserves(1)(2)

Al2O3

SiO2

Average A/S(3)

 

 

 

(million tonnes)

 

 

 


 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dayu mine

 

0.99

0.76

65.63

10.98

5.98

Xiataohua mine

 

2.50

2.76

60.96

13.65

4.47

Xinzhuang mine

 

1.50

2.64

61.60

13.08

4.71

Total (average)

 

4.99

6.16

61.81

13.08

4.73

By reserve type

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Proven reserve

 

 

5.40

61.28

13.37

4.58

   Probable reserve

 

 

0.76

65.63

10.98

5.98

Total (average)

 

 

 

 

 

 

   reserves

 

 

6.16

61.81

13.08

4.73

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

24


 

(1)

Our reserves take into consideration mining dilution and loss factors, which generally vary from 5% to 10% and are based on the planning mining method and selected drill data for each site.

 

 

(2)

Our metallurgical recovery factors are calculated in accordance with the relevant PRC mining standards and vary from mine to mine.

 

 

(3)

Refers to the ratio of average grade of Al2O3 to the average grade of SiO2 of the reserves.

 

 

We are in the process of restructuring our joint mining operations to increase operational efficiency and better align our mining operations with our long-term business strategy. Since the end of 2009, we have initiated discussions to modify or terminated the arrangements governing the operations of a number of mines that were jointly operated as of the end of 2009. We plan to assume the operations of the mines for which we own mining rights and cease procuring bauxite from selected mines. We believe that we will maintain a sufficient supply of bauxite from available sources throughout the course of and following the restructuring.

 

Other Suppliers. In addition to our own mines and our jointly-operated mines, we also source bauxite from other suppliers. A majority of other suppliers are small independent mines. Small independent mines are not affiliated with us and generally have annual bauxite production capacities not exceeding 200,000 tonnes. These mines have historically been an important source of bauxite for our operations. We purchase bauxite directly from small independent mines or through local distributors that procure bauxite from these mines. In addition, we also secure a portion of bauxite overseas. Bauxite secured from other suppliers accounted for 50.5% of our total bauxite supply in 2010.

 

Bauxite Procurement. The corporate management department at our headquarters is responsible for the oversight and coordination of our supply of bauxite. To determine how our bauxite requirement will be allocated among our principal sources each year, we first estimate our total bauxite needs for the year. Based on market conditions, production costs and other factors, we decide on the amount of bauxite that we wish to source from our own mines, and allocate the remaining requirements among the jointly-operated mines and other suppliers. Our management or operational control of our own mines and jointly-operated mines generally allows us to adjust procurement from these sources during the course of the year to accommodate changes in our plans or market conditions.

 

Alumina-to-Silica Ratio. The production method for alumina refining is determined by the mineral composition of the bauxite and, in particular, its alumina-to-silica ratio. Most of the bauxite reserves in China are diasporic with low alumina-to-silica ratios. Based on our current technology, an efficient application of the Bayer process requires bauxite with an alumina-to-silica ratio of 10:1 or higher, while the sintering process can refine bauxite with an alumina-to-silica ratio as low as 4:1. The average alumina-to-silica ratio of the proven and probable reserves of our mines ranges from 4:1 to 14:1.

 

Prices. There is neither governmental regulation on bauxite prices nor an official trading market for bauxite in China. We negotiate bauxite prices with our suppliers, based on ore quality, mining costs, market conditions, transportation costs and various governmental taxes or levies, including a resource tax imposed by local governments. As we procure bauxite from three different sources, our total bauxite cost is influenced by the following factors:

 

*

the cost of our mining operations;

 

 

*

the terms of our operational arrangements with respect to our jointly-operated mines; and

 

 

*

the market conditions relating to purchases from small independent mines.

 

 

The average purchase price of bauxite per tonne from our joint operations and other suppliers in 2008, 2009 and 2010 was RMB383.9, RMB289.2 and RMB386.7 (US$58.6), respectively. The average cost of bauxite from our own mines per tonne in 2008, 2009 and 2010 was RMB217.3, RMB174.0 and RMB202.4 (US$30.7), respectively.

 

We purchase a substantial amount of bauxite to protect the resources at the mines that we have already acquired despite having unutilized capacity at these mines. Additionally, to fully utilize the bauxite from our mines, we refine all bauxite that meets the minimum technical requirements for our production of alumina. We also purchase higher grade ore from other suppliers and blend the ore of various grades to meet the technical requirements for our alumina production. This practice allows for flexibility and the inclusion of lower grade bauxite to optimize the use of bauxite deposits available to us. We do not use these prices or any other historical index to estimate our bauxite reserves.

 

The following table sets forth our capital expenditures for our mines for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

 

 






 

 

(RMB in thousands)

 

 

 

Capital Expenditures

 

 

 

 

 

 

Infrastructure construction

 

550,237.5

450,084.6

468,770.6

489,553.6

417,235.9

Facility upgrade

 

64,971.4

60,633.4

498,335.2

11,167.5

135,321.3

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

615,208.9

510,718.0

967,105.8

500,721.1

552,557.2

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25


 

Primary Aluminum

 

An average of approximately 1.9 tonnes of alumina and 14,033 kWh of electricity are required to produce one tonne of primary aluminum in 2010. Alumina and electricity, the two principal components of costs in the smelting process, accounted for approximately 37.0 % and 42.0 %, respectively, of our unit primary aluminum production costs in 2010. Apart from alumina and electricity, we also require carbon anodes, carbon cathodes and sodium fluoride for our smelting operations.

 

Alumina is the main raw material in the production of primary aluminum. Our Shandong, Henan, Guizhou and Guangxi branches have historically sourced all or substantially all of the alumina required for their primary aluminum production from their respective integrated refineries. Our plants that do not have integrated alumina refining operations onsite obtain alumina internally from our alumina refineries located elsewhere or externally on the market.

 

We own 17 primary aluminum smelters, including a research institute in the PRC, four of which are among the ten largest smelters in China. We have enhanced our competitiveness in line with the development of the primary aluminum industry. In 2010, our smelters consumed approximately 7.5 million tonnes of alumina to produce approximately 3.8 million tonnes of primary aluminum. Our primary aluminum output accounted for 9.1 % of global output and 24.2% of the production of China in 2010.

 

Aluminum Fabrication Products

 

The main raw material for our aluminum fabrication operations is primary aluminum, but we use other metal raw materials in aluminum fabrication depending on the type of products. We meet the primary aluminum requirements of our aluminum fabrication segment with primary aluminum supplied by our own aluminum smelters. In addition, Chalco Qingdao uses recycled aluminum materials to produce aluminum fabrication products. In 2008, we acquired five aluminum fabrication plants from Chinalco and China Nonferrous Metals Technology, which increased our annual aluminum fabrication capacity to 982,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2008. Our annual aluminum fabrication capacity further increased to approximately 1.3 million tonnes and 1.7 million tonnes as of December 31, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Supplemental Materials, Electricity and Fuel

 

The procurement department at our headquarters coordinates and manages our supply chain for all our major raw materials in conjunction with the distribution center at each production facility, which manages the logistics and inventory of raw materials locally. We are able to purchase diesel, the main fuel used by our mining and manufacturing equipment, from the public markets, and we source our water from local rivers, lakes or underground sources.

 

Alumina

 

Electricity, coal, alkali (caustic soda or soda ash) and heavy oil are the principal materials used in our alumina production. Electricity is one of the principal cost components in our refining process. We generate electricity at a number of production facilities and purchase our remaining electric power requirement from regional power grids at government-mandated rates. Most of our power supply plans are one to three year renewable plans. Power prices in China can vary, sometimes substantially, from one region to another, based on demand and power production costs in the region. Power costs for our various alumina refineries vary accordingly.

 

Large quantities of coal is used as a reducing agent and fuel to produce steam and gas in the alumina refining process. Alkali is used as a supplemental material in alumina refining. The sintering process and the hybrid Bayer-sintering process require soda ash while caustic soda is used in the Bayer process. Fuel is required to refine alumina, and our refineries use heavy oil, natural gas and coal gas. There is no governmental regulation on the prices of coal, alkali or fuel. We purchase these raw materials from external suppliers under negotiated supply contracts, which we believe are competitively priced. We have not experienced difficulty in obtaining these materials in sufficient quantity and at acceptable prices.

 

Primary Aluminum

 

Smelting primary aluminum requires a substantial and continuous supply of electricity. In 2010, we consumed 56 billion kWh of electricity for our primary aluminum production. The availability and price of electricity are key factors in our primary aluminum production. Electricity costs have fluctuated in recent years due to periodic shortages of electricity in China, cyclical demand and government policies to regulate key industries. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A. Operating Results - Overview - Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations - Manufacturing Costs".

 

Except for two of our smelters that that have entered into direct purchase agreements with power generation enterprises, we purchase electricity from the regional power grids at prices set by the government. Industrial users within each region are generally subject to a common electricity tariff schedule, but prices vary, sometimes substantially, across regions. We believe our power supply from regional grids is generally not reliant upon any particular generation facility supplying the grid. Electricity purchased from different power grids is subject to different tariff levels in 2010. The average electricity cost of our smelters was RMB0.429/kWh in 2010.

 

26


 

Carbon anodes and cathodes are key raw materials in the smelting process. Each of our smelters is able to produce carbon products necessary for its operations other than carbon cathodes. Most of our carbon cathodes are supplied by our Guizhou branch, which operates our only carbon cathode production facility and sells carbon cathodes to external smelters in China.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We coordinate substantially all of our sales and marketing activities of our alumina products and most of our sales and marketing activities of our primary aluminum products through Chalco Trading. Our subsidiaries and branches also conduct a small portion of sales and marketing activities of our primary aluminum products by themselves. We sell most of our aluminum fabrication products to external customers directly through our aluminum fabrication factories and the rest of our aluminum fabrication products internally to Chalco Trading for subsequent external export trading. We sell our alumina chemical products directly to external customers or indirectly to external customers through Chalco Trading that charges our subsidiaries or branches a commission fee for the external trading. For all of our products that are sold either through Chalco Trading for subsequent external sale or directly to external customers, our subsidiaries and branches play an important role in providing after-sales services and strengthening our presence in the marketplace.

 

Since late 2009, we also have been engaged substantially in the trading of external non-ferrous metal products through Chalco Trading, including alumina, primary aluminum, cooper and other non-ferrous metal products.

 

Alumina

 

We sell our alumina to customers primarily through Chalco Trading, giving priority to customers with whom we have long-standing relationships and who have established a strong credit history, after reserving sufficient alumina for our forecasted primary aluminum production. In 2010, we used approximately 7.4 million tonnes of alumina produced at our refineries, which represented approximately 72.5% of our total alumina production, and sold the remainder to our customers through Chalco Trading.

 

The sales prices of alumina that we sell internally to Chalco Trading are determined at a percentage of the monthly average price of the primary aluminum on SHFE. Chalco Trading coordinates the external sales of our alumina products. In the fourth quarter of each year, Chalco Trading hosts a national sales conference for our primary aluminum smelter customers in China with the presence of the representatives from our subsidiaries and branches with alumina operations. At the sales conference, Chalco Trading enters into most of our external sales contracts for alumina.

 

Chalco Trading sells our alumina products to smelters throughout China. All of our major customers in the past three years have been domestic smelters. Since 2004, we have gradually entered into a number of domestic three to five-year long-term alumina sales contracts for most of our alumina products, under which the sales price is set as a percentage of the three-month primary aluminum prices on the SHFE. As a result, fluctuations of primary aluminum prices on the SHFE affect alumina prices under our long-term contracts.

 

Our other alumina contracts for a term of one year or less than one year. We set, and adjust as necessary, uniform sale prices for our alumina products that Chalco Trading sells on the spot market under a term of one year or less than one year. In 2010, our highest and lowest spot price of domestic alumina was RMB3, 000 (US$454.5) per tonne and RMB2, 750 (US$416.7) per tonne, respectively. We set the price for the external sales of alumina products by reference to alumina prices at reference markets and taking into account the following considerations:

 

*

alumina imports into China, CIF Chinese ports;

 

 

*

international and domestic transportation costs;

 

 

*

our short-term and mid-term projections for alumina;

 

 

*

the 17% value-added tax applicable to our products;

 

 

*

import related fees; and

 

 

*

domestic supply and demand.

 

 

Primary Aluminum

 

In 2010, we sell 45.6% of our primary aluminum output internally to Chalco Trading for subsequent external trading and 54.4% directly to external customers, and consume the remaining portion at our own aluminum fabrication plants. In 2010, we sold approximately 3.64 million tonnes of primary aluminum.

 

We sell the majority of our primary aluminum output internally to Chalco Trading according to the prices of primary aluminum on SHFE. Chalco Trading then coordinates the external sales of primary aluminum. We also sell a small portion of our primary aluminum output directly to external customers. Our subsidiaries and branches and Chalco Trading sell our primary aluminum products to external customers through the following two channels:

 

27


 

*

Contract sales. Most of our primary aluminum sales are made pursuant to contracts entered into directly with our long-standing customers.

 

 

*

Sales on the SHFE. As part of our effort to manage market risk, we sell a portion of our primary aluminum products on the SHFE through futures contracts of one to twelve month terms to hedge against declines in primary aluminum prices. According to our policy, the total quantity of primary aluminum which can be hedged using these financial instruments is limited to 50% of the annual quantity produced by us.

 

 

We hold an annual regional primary aluminum sales conference through Chalco Trading with the presence of representatives from our subsidiaries and branches in the fourth quarter of each year to procure sales and plan production for the following year.

 

To improve the efficiency of our distribution, we divide our China market into several regions as follows:

 

*

southern China (including Guangdong and Fujian Provinces);

 

 

*

eastern China (including Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces and Shanghai Municipality);

 

 

*

southwestern China (including Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality);

 

 

*

the Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu area; and

 

 

*

northeastern China (including Heilongjiang Province).

 

 

We sell substantially all of our primary aluminum to domestic customers. We expect China to remain our key market for primary aluminum for the foreseeable future. Although we have conducted export sales in the past, substantially all of our external sales of primary aluminum in 2010 were domestic sales. Customers of our primary aluminum products principally consist of aluminum fabricators and distributors that resell our primary aluminum products to aluminum fabricators or other purchasers.

 

We establish pricing guidelines for Chalco Trading to conduct external domestic sales of our own primary aluminum products, taking into account three main factors: the primary aluminum spot prices on the SHFE; our production costs and expected profit margins; and supply and demand. As part of our efforts to coordinate and centralize sales, we also set minimum prices for primary aluminum products that are sold directly to external consumers by our subsidiaries and branches with respect to each region in China where our primary aluminum is sold. These minimum prices are determined by reference to the SHFE spot price for primary aluminum, exclusive of transportation costs. The smelters filling a particular order from a external customer is generally responsible for negotiating the pricing and delivery terms and must comply with the minimum pricing guidelines unless it obtains prior approval from our headquarters. In general, we satisfy each purchase order with products from our nearest smelter to minimize transportation costs.

 

Aluminum Fabrication Products

 

We produce aluminum fabrication products based on market demand. We sell 98.5% of our aluminum fabrication products directly to external customers and 1.5% internally to Chalco Trading for subsequent external export trading in 2010. Since the fourth quarter of 2010, we sold almost all of our aluminum fabrication products directly to external customers. In 2010, we sold approximately 561,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products.

 

In 2010, we sold most of our aluminum fabrication products domestically and a small portion overseas. In 2010, we derived 87% of our aluminum fabrication products revenues from sales in China. We extend credit terms for sales of aluminum fabrication products, requiring payment within a short period after delivery. The prices for our aluminum fabrication products are set by agreement with our customers.

 

Alumina Chemical Products and Gallium

 

Alumina chemical products and gallium are derived from our alumina production. We adjust our production of these products based on market demand, We sell our alumina chemical products directly to external customers or indirectly to external customers through Chalco Trading who charges a commission fee for the external trading.

 

We sell our alumina chemical products and gallium mostly in China but also internationally. Prices for our alumina chemical products and gallium are set according to market demand or by agreement with our customers. Our total sales of gallium in 2008, 2009 and 2010 amounted to RMB197.8 million, RMB58.1 million and RMB67.0 million (US$10.2 million), respectively.

 

Trading of Outsourced Non-ferrous Metal Products

 

Since late 2009, we have been substantially engaged in the trading of non-ferrous metal products, including alumina, primary aluminum, cooper and other non-ferrous metal products that we have sourced externally through Chalco Trading. We trade our outsourced non-ferrous metal products either by spot sales or by sales under futures and option contracts in a short term. Chalco Trading has a team with trading expertise to conduct research on the non-ferrous metal market.

 

28


 

Delivery

 

We rely on rail shipping and trucking for the delivery of products within China. Our alumina is transported by rail or truck, and transportation costs are generally borne by the customer and excluded from our sales price. For long-distance deliveries, we maintain spur lines connecting our plants to the national railway routes. The price of rail shipping on the PRC national railway system is fixed by the government.

 

Most of our primary aluminum products are transported by rail. In view of the substantial distance between our smelters and aluminum fabrication plants, most of which are concentrated in southern and eastern China, we maintain subsidiaries (often with warehousing capacity leased from third parties) in major cities in eastern and southern China to facilitate and coordinate deliveries.

 

Our customers are generally responsible for arranging and bear the associated costs with transporting aluminum fabrication products from our production facilities.

 

Principal Facilities

 

Our principal facilities include 27 principal production plants and our Research Institute. Set forth below is a description of our principal production plants. Our production is organized and managed according to our three business segments: alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication.

 

Guangxi Branch

 

The Guangxi branch commenced operations in 1994 and is located in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southwestern China, an area rich in bauxite reserves. The Guangxi branch receives bauxite delivered via highway from the Pingguo mine, one of our wholly-owned mines, located less than 17 kilometers from the Guangxi branch.

 

The Pingguo mine contains large, easily exploitable bauxite reserves with high alumina-to-silica ratios. The Guangxi branch is our only principal refinery that uses the Bayer process exclusively. With technology and production equipment imported from Europe, the Guangxi refinery features a high level of automation and energy efficiency. Since its inception, we have continually increased the designed production capacity at this branch by removing production bottlenecks and investing in capacity expansions. As of December 31, 2010, the Guangxi branch had an annual production capacity of 1,730,000 tonnes of alumina. In 2010, the Guangxi branch produced approximately 1,990,200 tonnes of alumina, exceeding its production capacity due to the high quality bauxite ore in its proximity, along with approximately 102,200 tonnes of alumina chemical products. Most of the alumina output at the Guangxi branch is used in the primary aluminum smelter at the same branch and the remainder is sold to third-party smelters.

 

Our Guangxi branch also uses advanced 160 kA and 320 kA pre-bake reduction pot-lines developed by us in its smelting operations. As of December 31, 2010, the branch's primary aluminum production capacity reached 139,500 tonnes per annum. In 2010, our Guangxi branch produced approximately 114,600 tonnes of primary aluminum.

 

Guizhou Branch

 

The Guizhou branch commenced its smelting operations in 1966 and was subsequently expanded to include a refining operations in 1978. Our refinery at this branch is one of the most advanced alumina refineries in China, having imported many of its key technologies and equipment. The Guizhou refinery uses the hybrid Bayer-sintering process to refine bauxite supplied from our own mines as well as external suppliers into alumina. Bauxite from our own mines is delivered by trucks and train. The alumina produced at the Guizhou branch is mostly used in the smelting operations at the same plant and the remainder is sold to third-party smelters. Our Guizhou branch uses 160 kA, 186kA and 230 kA pre-bake reduction pot-lines in its primary aluminum production. As a result of technological innovations and overhauls since its inception, our Guizhou smelter is among the most technologically advanced smelters in China. As of December 31, 2010, the annual production capacity for alumina at our Guizhou branch was approximately 1,200,000 tonnes of alumina and 403,700 tonnes for primary aluminum. In 2010, our Guizhou branch produced approximately 1,078,300 tonnes of alumina, 69,600 tonnes of alumina chemical products and 432,300 tonnes of primary aluminum.

 

Our Guizhou branch also contains a modern carbon production facility, which produces carbon cathodes in addition to carbon anodes. As the Guizhou branch is our only facility that produces carbon cathodes, it supplies carbon cathodes to seven of our facilities and our Research Institute. Its carbon cathodes are also sold to external customers throughout China.

 

Henan Branch

 

The Henan branch commenced its refining and smelting operations in 1966 and 1967, respectively, in Henan Province, a province rich in bauxite reserves. Bauxite is delivered to our Henan branch via railway and highway from the following mines: Xiaoguan mine located in Zhengzhou, Luoyang mine in Luoyang, Mianchi mine in Mianchi, Xuchang mine in Zhengzhou, Sanmenxia mine in Sanmenxia and Jiaozuo mine in Jiaozuo. Our Henan branch was the first refinery in China to develop the hybrid Bayer-sintering process. We also have alumina production line that uses the ore-dressing Bayer process, which we developed to refine low alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite. Since its inception, the Henan branch's production facilities have undergone substantial technological upgrades, based on equipment imported from Germany and Denmark. The refinery has also benefited from its access to high alumina-to-silica ratio bauxite from our own mines and through purchases on the market. Its alumina output is first used to satisfy its primary aluminum production, and the remainder is sold to our other smelters and external customers. The designed annual production capacity of alumina of our Henan branch was 2,050,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, our Henan branch produced approximately 1,921,500 tonnes of alumina and 32,900 tonnes of alumina chemical products.

 

29


 

We have upgraded a portion of the primary aluminum facilities at this branch, which now utilizes 85 kA pre-bake reduction pot-lines. Its carbon plant produces high quality carbon products for sales to external customers in China as well as for export, after meeting the needs of our various smelting operations. As of December 31, 2010, Henan branch's annual primary aluminum production capacity reached 56,000 tonnes. In 2010, our Henan branch did not produce any primary aluminum.

 

Shandong Branch

 

The Shandong branch commenced operations in 1954 and has the capacity to produce both alumina and primary aluminum. Bauxite is delivered to our Shandong branch via railway and highway from the Yangquan mine in Yangquan, Shanxi Province. Its alumina refinery was China's first production facility for alumina. It produces the majority of its alumina through the parallel Bayer-sintering process, but has an ore-dressing sintering operation. The Shandong branch purchases the majority of the bauxite required for its production from small third-party mines in Henan and Shanxi Provinces. Its alumina output is first used to satisfy its primary aluminum production, and the remainder is sold to our other smelters as well as external customers. As of December 31, 2010, the annual capacity of our Shandong branch reached 1,500,000 tonnes of alumina and it produced approximately 1,599,200 tonnes of alumina in 2010.

 

In addition, our Shandong branch produces substantial amounts of alumina chemical products and produced approximately 682,500 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2010. It is the largest and most technologically advanced alumina chemical products production facility in China with the ability to produce the widest variety of alumina chemical products. Alumina chemical products produced by our Shandong branch are used domestically and internationally in the pharmaceutical, ceramics, construction materials and other industries.

 

Our Shandong branch's primary aluminum operations have undergone technological and equipment upgrades. As of December 31, 2010, our Shandong branch's primary aluminum production capacity reached 75,000 tonnes per annum and it produced approximately 58,300 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Qinghai Branch

 

Located in Qinghai Province, our Qinghai branch is a stand-alone primary aluminum production facility. This branch commenced operations in 1987 and is one of the most technologically advanced primary aluminum smelters in China. It operates 160 kA and 200kA automated pre-bake anode reduction pot-lines that were developed domestically. It benefits from relatively low electricity costs in Qinghai Province due to the hydroelectric power stations in the region. The Qinghai Branch supplies alumina from our Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and Zhongzhou branches, but incurs higher transportation costs for both raw materials and its primary aluminum products than our other branches. The Qinghai branch produced approximately 384,300 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010, slightly exceeding its designed annual production capacity of 367,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010.

 

Shanxi Branch

 

Our Shanxi branch commenced operations in 1987 and is located in Shanxi Province, a province rich in bauxite deposits. Bauxite is transported to our Shanxi branch via railway and highway from the Xiaoyi mine in Shanxi Province. Our Shanxi branch is a stand-alone alumina plant and is currently China's largest alumina refinery in terms of production capacity, with a capacity of 2,217,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Our Shanxi branch produced approximately 1,775,100 tonnes of alumina and 19,800 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2010.

 

Our Shanxi branch's production facilities are primarily imported. Shanxi branch relies on bauxite from our own mines as well as external suppliers. Due to its proximity to large coal mines and substantial water resources, it currently has the largest power generation capacity among our alumina manufacturing facilities.

 

Zhongzhou Branch

 

Located in Henan Province, our Zhongzhou branch is a stand-alone alumina plant, located near abundant bauxite, coal and water supplies. It commenced operations in 1993 and is equipped with imported and self-developed technology and has undergone various improvements and upgrades, in particular to its parallel Bayer-sintering process. We purchase bauxite supplies from Henan Province and Shanxi Province.

 

Its production capacity reached 2,030,000 tonnes of alumina per annum as of December 31, 2010. Our Zhongzhou branch produced approximately 1,692,800 tonnes of alumina and approximately 266,700 tonnes of alumina chemical products in 2010.

 

30


 

Zunyi Alumina

 

Zunyi Alumina is located in Zunyi, Guizhou Province. In April 2006, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Guizhou Wujiang Hydroelectric Co., Ltd, to establish a joint venture company, Zunyi Alumina. We hold 67% of the equity interests in Zunyi Alumina. Zunyi Alumina completed the construction of alumina facilities and commenced operations in 2010. Its annual alumina production capacity reached 800,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Zunyi Alumina produced approximately 74,300 tonnes of alumina in 2010.

 

Chongqing Branch

 

Our Chongqing branch is located in Chongqing. Chongqing branch completed the construction of alumina facilities in 2010 and its an annual alumina production capacity reached 800,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Chongqing branch launched test operation in December 2010.

 

Lanzhou Branch

 

Located in Lanzhou city in Gansu Province, our Lanzhou branch is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. It was part of Lanzhou Aluminum before July 2007 and acquired by us through share exchange in April 2007. In July 2007, Lanzhou Aluminum was divided into two wholly-owned entities: Lanzhou branch and Northwest Aluminum. Our Lanzhou branch owns a primary aluminum smelting plant with a designed annual production capacity of approximately 388,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. It produced approximately 429,300 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Jiaozuo Wanfang

 

Jiaozuo Wanfang is situated in Jiaozuo city in Henan Province and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. Jiaozuo Wanfang was established in 1993. In May 2006, we acquired 29% of the issued share capital and thus became its largest shareholder. In 2010, we partially disposed our equity in Jiaozuo Wanfang. As of December 31, 2010, we held 24.002% equity interest of Jiaozuo Wanfang. In 2008, we obtained de facto control over Jiaozuo Wanfang and accordingly, it became our subsidiary. Jiaozuo Wanfang had an annual production capacity of 412,000 tonnes of primary aluminum as of December 31, 2010 and produced approximately 408,900 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Shanxi Huaze

 

Shanxi Huaze is situated in Shanxi Province. In March 2003, we established the joint venture company, Shanxi Huaze, with Zhangze Electric Power to commence the construction of a primary aluminum production facility. Following the completion of its capacity expansion in June 2008, Shanxi Huaze's designed annual production capacity of primary aluminum reached 350,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010 and it produced approximately 341,500 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010. We currently hold 60% of the equity interest of Shanxi Huaze.

 

Shanxi Huasheng

 

Shanxi Huasheng is situated in Shanxi Province. In December 2005, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Guan Lv, to establish a joint venture company, Shanxi Huasheng. The joint venture company commenced operations in March 2006. Its designed annual production capacity of primary aluminum reached approximately 220,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, Shanxi Huasheng produced 223,200 tonnes of primary aluminum. We currently hold a 51% equity interest in Shanxi Huasheng.

 

Zunyi Aluminum

 

Zunyi Aluminum is situated in Guizhou Province. In June 2006, we entered into a share purchase agreement with Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. and eight other companies, which were the shareholders of Zunyi Aluminum, to purchase part of the equity interest from Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. and all the equity interest held by the other eight companies. We have completed our purchase and currently hold 62.1% of the equity interest in Zunyi Aluminum. Zunyi Aluminum's primary aluminum annual production capacity reached 235,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010 and it produced approximately 190,800 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Fushun Aluminum

 

Fushun Aluminum is situated in Liaoning Province, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. In March 2006, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Liaoning Fushun Aluminum Plant to acquire 100% of the equity interests in Fushun Aluminum for a consideration of RMB500 million (US$75.8 million). Fushun Aluminum's primary business is the production of primary aluminum and carbon products. With the partial completion of a new primary aluminum project at the end of 2008 which increased the primary aluminum production capacity of Fushun Aluminum by 100,000 tonnes, Fushun Aluminum's annual primary aluminum production capacity reached 240,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Fushun Aluminum produced approximately 205,800 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

31


 

Shandong Huayu

 

Shandong Huayu is situated in Shandong Province and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. In July 2006, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Shandong Huasheng Jiangquan Group to acquire 55% of the equity interest of Shandong Huayu, a subsidiary of Shandong Huasheng Jiangquan Group. After the completion of its expansion plan in 2008, Shandong Huayu's annual primary aluminum production capacity reached 200,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. It also has supporting facilities and coal-fired generators. In 2010, Shandong Huayu produced approximately 215,700 tonnes of primary aluminum.

 

Gansu Hualu

 

Gansu Hualu is situated in Gansu Province, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. In August 2006, we entered into a share transfer agreement with Baiyin Nonferrous Metal (Group) Co., Ltd. ("Baiyin Nonferrous") and Baiyin Ibis Aluminum Co., Ltd. ("Baiyin Ibis"). Baiyin Nonferrous contributed 127,000 tonnes of primary aluminum smelting and supporting facilities owned by Baiyin Ibis as capital contribution and holds a 49% equity interest in Gansu Hualu, a subsidiary of Baiyin Ibis, and we hold 51% of the equity interest in Gansu Hualu. In 2010, we have completed the expansion project of the Gansu Hualu's primary aluminum smelters, which increased its annual production capacity from 160,000 tonnes to 230,000 tonnes of primary aluminum as of December 31, 2010. Gansu Hualu produced approximately 165,000 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Baotou Aluminum

 

Baotou Aluminum is located in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is a stand-alone primary aluminum plant. On December 28, 2007, through A Shares issuance and exchange for Baotou Aluminum shares, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of Baotou Aluminum. Baotou Aluminum had a designed annual production capacity of 388,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. In 2010, it produced approximately 412,000 tonnes of primary aluminum.

 

Liancheng branch

 

Liancheng branch is located in Gansu Province. In late May, 2008, we acquired 100% of the equity interest of Liancheng Longxing Aluminum Company Limited from Chinalco on the China Beijing Equity Exchange and subsequently turned it into our Liancheng branch which specializes in producing primary aluminum. As of December 31, 2010, Liancheng branch had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of 225,000 tonnes and produced approximately 230,400 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Chalco Qingdao

 

Located in Qingdao, Shandong Province, Chalco Qingdao specializes in using recycled aluminum materials to produce aluminum fabrication products. As of December 31, 2010, Chalco Qingdao had an annual production capacity of 120,000 tonnes and produced 25,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010.

 

Longmen Aluminum

 

Located in Shanxi Province, Longmen Aluminum is established in1991. We hold 55% of its equity interests. It specializes in producing primary aluminum. As of December 31, 2010, Longmen Aluminum had an annual primary aluminum production capacity of 17,000 tonnes and produced 11,800 tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010.

 

Northwest Aluminum

 

Northwest Aluminum is situated in Lanzhou city in Gansu Province and is an aluminum fabrication plant. It was part of Lanzhou Aluminum before July 2007 which we acquired through share exchange in April 2007, whose A Shares were listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange until April 24, 2007, when we acquired Lanzhou Aluminum through share exchange. In July 2007, Lanzhou Aluminum was divided into two wholly-owned entities: Lanzhou branch and Northwest Aluminum. Northwest Aluminum has an annual production capacity for aluminum fabrication products of approximately120,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010 and produced approximately 62,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010. Northwest Aluminum has undertaken an expansion plan which is expected to be completed in 2011 and we expect the completion of this project to increase Northwest Aluminum's aluminum fabrication capacity by 35,000 tonnes.

 

Chalco Ruimin

 

Located in Fujian, Chalco Ruimin commenced production in 1996 and specializes in aluminum fabrication. In late May 2008, we purchased 75% of the equity interest of Chalco Ruimin from Chinalco on the China Beijing Equity Exchange. Chalco Ruimin completed a RMB2.87 billion (US$0.4 billion) expansion plan in 2010, which increased Chalco Ruimin's annual aluminum fabrication capacity to approximately 370,000 tonnes as of December 31, 2010. Chalco Ruimin produced approximately 131,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010. We currently hold a 92.18% equity interest in Chalco Ruimin.

 

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Huaxi Aluminum

 

Located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, Huaxi Aluminum commenced production in 1997 and specializes in aluminum fabrication. In late May 2008, we purchased 56.86% of the equity interest of Huaxi Aluminum from Chinalco on the China Beijing Equity Exchange. As of December 31, 2010, Huaxi Aluminum had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of 22,000 tonnes and it produced approximately 25,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010.

 

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

 

Established in September 2004 and located in Chongqing, Chalco Southwest Aluminum specializes in aluminum fabrication. On May 30, 2008, we purchased 60% of the equity interest of Chalco Southwest Aluminum from Chinalco on the China Beijing Equity Exchange. As of December 31, 2010, Chalco Southwest Aluminum had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of 350,000 tonnes and produced approximately 234,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010.

 

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling

 

Established in March 2006 and located in Chongqing, Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling specializes in rolling aluminum and aluminum alloy processing, development of high precision aluminum strip production technology and import and export activities on goods and technology. On May 30, 2008, we acquired 100% of the equity interests of Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling from Chinalco. In 2010 we completed the construction of production facilities of Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling. As of December 31, 2010, Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of 250,000 tonnes. It has commenced production in 2010.

 

Henan Aluminum

 

Established in August 2005 and located in Luoyang, Henan Province, Henan Aluminum specializes in aluminum fabrication. In late May 2008, we acquired 84.02% of the equity interest of Henan Aluminum from Chinalco and China Nonferrous Metals Technology on the China Beijing Equity Exchange. As of December 31, 2010, Henan Aluminum had an annual aluminum fabrication production capacity of 355,000 tonnes and produced approximately 111,000 tonnes of aluminum fabrication products in 2010. We currently hold 90.03% of the equity interest in Henan Aluminum.

 

Chalco Nanhai

 

Established in June 2007 and located in Foshan, Chalco Nanhai specializes in aluminum fabrication. Chalco Nanhai had an annual aluminum fabrication capacity of 110,000 tonnes. Chalco Nanhai launched test operation in December 2010.

 

Research Institute

 

Established in August 1965 and located in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, the Research Institute specializes in the research and development of technology for smelting aluminum. It is the only research institute in China dedicated to light metals research and has played a key role in bringing about technological innovations in China's aluminum industry. The Research Institute is central to our research and development efforts. The Research Institute operates test facilities, which produce alumina chemical products and primary aluminum. The Research Institute was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC in 2003 to establish the National Research Center of Aluminum Refinery Technologies and Engineering. Our Research Institute has a limited alumina and primary aluminum production capacity, which it uses in connection with its research and development efforts.

 

Competition

 

Alumina

 

As the largest producer of alumina in China, we believe that we will not face significant competition from domestic alumina producers in the short-term for the following reasons:

 

*

a new producer would need access to a substantial and stable supply of bauxite as well as approval from the relevant departments under the State Council of China;

 

 

*

we are experienced in alumina production and our production technologies are specifically adapted to the particular chemical composition of bauxite found in China;

 

 

*

we have strong capacity in technology research and hold certain proprietary technologies and patents;

 

 

*

our substantial workforce that has extensive experience in production and management; and

 

 

*

we enjoy strong government support under state policy.

 

 

In order to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the Chinese alumina industry as well as to protect the environment, NDRC published "Entrance Conditions for Aluminum Industry" (the "Entrance Conditions") in November 2007. According to the Entrance Conditions, new bauxite projects must be approved by the provincial authority or the relevant department of the State Council of China depending on the amount of total investment, and any new alumina project must be approved by the relevant department of the State Council of China. The Entrance Conditions also provide detailed requirements for capital size, service period and resource utilization rate for a new bauxite or alumina project to be approved. The Entrance Conditions has established a high entry barrier for new alumina producers in China.

 

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We believe that we have competitive advantages over our foreign competitors in the China alumina market. As a local supplier situated in proximity to our customers, we do not incur international transportation and import-related costs and enjoy stable long-term relationships with our customers in a vast and growing market. However, we expect to face increasing competition from international alumina suppliers as standard tariff on imports of alumina into China has been eliminated, which may also reduce the production costs of domestic alumina producers that source significant portions of their bauxite supplies from the international markets.

 

Primary Aluminum

 

We derived substantially all of our primary aluminum revenues from domestic sales in 2010. Our competitors include other domestic and international primary aluminum producers that conduct sales in China. In 2010, our primary aluminum production represented approximately 24.2% of total domestic production in China.

 

There are approximately 115 primary aluminum smelting companies operating in China, which sell substantially all of their products in China. We are the largest integrated alumina and primary aluminum producer in China, and Baotou Aluminum, Jiaozuo Wanfang and our Lanzhou branch operate three of the ten largest smelters in China. Currently. Only 17 primary aluminum producers in China (including Chalco) have annual production capacities of 300,000 tonnes or more, which represent approximately 66% of the total primary aluminum production capacity in China. Only ten primary aluminum producers in China (including Chalco) have annual production capacity of 500,000 tonnes or more. The PRC government's encourages consolidation in the Chinese primary aluminum industry to create larger, more efficient producers that are better positioned to implement measures to reduce emissions. Accordingly, the larger smelters are granted preferential treatment, including priority in the allocation of raw materials and electricity supplies, which give them a competitive advantage over small domestic smelters. Moreover, according to the Entrance Conditions, effective from 2007, new aluminum projects must have secured a supply of alumina to seek approval from the relevant department of the State Council of China. As of the date of the annual report, the relevant department of the State Council of China is not expected to approve any new aluminum projects except those environmental protection upgrade projects and expired equipment exchange projects planned by the PRC government.

 

Although we face competition from other large domestic smelters, we have several advantages over such competitors, including:

 

*

Scale of production. With 17 primary aluminum facilities including our research institute, we can achieve significant economies of scale. In addition, our scale of production enables us to achieve high production volumes to fill large customer orders and maintain a large customer base. Through our national distribution network, we are able to make timely deliveries to customers from our local warehouses.

 

 

*

Technology. We believe we have more sophisticated and efficient technology than most of our domestic competitors. Our Guangxi, Guizhou and Qinghai branches are among the most technologically advanced primary aluminum smelting facilities in China. In addition, our technological support and research and development capabilities are superior to other domestic smelters.

 

 

*

Vertical integration. As the largest integrated alumina and primary aluminum producer in China, we are able to supply alumina internally to our primary aluminum plants. As a result, we save on transportation, warehousing and related costs. In addition, because we operate our own alumina refineries, we are able to assure a stable supply of alumina for our primary aluminum smelting operations. Since 2006, we have expanded our primary aluminum business by mergers and acquisitions.

 

 

*

Quality. The quality of our primary aluminum is generally higher than that of the primary aluminum produced by most of our domestic competitors. The primary aluminum produced by most of our smelters satisfies the quality standards of the LME.

 

 

Aluminum Fabrication Products

 

We derived 87% of our aluminum fabrication products revenues from sales in China in 2010. Our competitors include other domestic and international producers of aluminum fabrication products that sell aluminum fabrication products in China. There are approximately 750 aluminum fabrication producers in China with an aggregate annual capacity of approximately 24.0 million tonnes as of the end of 2010. In 2010, the aluminum fabrication producers in China produced approximately 19.5 million tonnes of aluminum fabrication products.

 

The tariff rate for alumina and primary aluminum imports was reduced to nil on January 1, 2008 and August 1, 2007, respectively. In 2010, China imported approximately 4.31 million tonnes of alumina, representing a 16.3% decrease from 2009. China had net import of approximately 0.30 million tonnes of primary aluminum in 2010, which represented a significant decrease from 2009. Competition from international suppliers of alumina and primary aluminum is expected to increase. Such competitors are likely to be large international companies. Some competitors may also consider establishing joint venture companies with local producers in China to gain access to the resources in China and to lower transportation costs. However, we expect to continue benefitting from certain PRC governmental policies that promote the growth of large domestic smelters.

 

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Research and Development

 

Our research and development efforts over the years have facilitated the expansion of our production capacity and reduced our unit costs. We have successfully commercialized our previous research and development results in various technologies. We completed 63 technological projects, including 32 technology development projects, 23 industrialization, promotion and application of advanced technologies projects and 8 basic application projects. We filed a total of 176 patent applications in 2010.

 

As of December 31, 2010, we owned 1043 patents, which were primarily related to technologies and know-how, equipment and new products. Once registered, a patent in China for a new invention is valid for 20 years and for a new function or a new design, 10 years from the date of the patent application.

 

As of December 31, 2010, we owned 36 trademarks, which have a term of 10 years. We have entered into a trademarks license agreement with Chinalco for the non-exclusive use by Chinalco of two of our trademarks relating to aluminum fabrication.

 

We do not regard any single patent, license, or trademark to be material to our sales and operations as a whole. We have no material patents, licenses, or trademarks, the duration of which cannot, in the judgment of our management, be extended as necessary. We are neither involved in any material intellectual property disputes against us nor are we pursuing any legislation relating to intellectual property rights against any party.

 

Environmental Protection

 

Our operations are subject to a wide variety of PRC national and local environmental laws and regulations, including those governing waste discharge, generation, treatment and disposal of hazardous materials, land reclamation, air and water emissions and mining matters. For example, the PRC government has set discharge standards for emissions to air and water. To enforce these standards, national environmental protection authorities have imposed discharge fees that increase for each incremental amount of discharge up to the limit set by the regulation. The relevant PRC government agencies are authorized to order any operations that exceed discharge limits to take remediation measures, which are subject to the relevant agency's approval, or order the closure of any operations that fail to comply with applicable regulations. In February 6, 2010, the State Council of China issued "Notice on Further Strengthening the Elimination of Obsolete Production Capacities", which requires all pre-bake reduction pot-lines below 100kA must be closed by the end of 2011. Some of our primary aluminum utilities with a total capacity of 163,000 tonnes have been shut down in compliance with the notice.

 

The pollutants discharged from our alumina refining process include red mud, waste water and gas emissions and dust. Our primary aluminum production process generates fluorides, pitch fume and dust. It is illegal to release these pollutants untreated, and even after treatment, the discharge of these pollutants must comply with national and local discharge limits.

 

Each of our alumina refineries and primary aluminum smelters has its own waste treatment facilities onsite or has developed other methods to dispose of industrial waste in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. We were granted ISO 14001 accreditations issued by China Quality Certification Center and the International Certification Network in 2004. In 2010, we passed the review and the accreditations were renewed.

 

We have increased our energy-efficiency by implementing new production techniques and technologies, upgrading our production facilities, optimizing our production process and enhancing our logistics and operations management. Through these efficiency initiatives, we estimate that we conserved the energy equivalent of 460,000 tonnes of standard coal in 2010. We have incorporated clean technology and processes into our operations with a view to promoting the concept of "zero emission" plants. In 2010, we invested a total of RMB65.0 million (US$9.8 million) on completing 8 waste water treatment projects and have nearly achieved our target of zero waste water emission.

 

Our total expenditures for maintaining compliance with environmental laws and regulations were RMB629.0 million, RMB1,395.0 million and RMB1,151.0 million (US$174.4 million) for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively. We believe that our operations are substantially in compliance with currently applicable national and provincial environmental regulations.

 

Insurance

 

We maintain insurance coverage on our property, plant and equipment, in particular for our transportation vehicles and assets that we consider to be subject to significant operating risks. We also have limited coverage for natural disaster such as typhoons, tornados, floods, landslides and lighting. However, there are certain types of losses, such as losses from war, acts of terrorism and natural disasters, for which we cannot obtain insurance at a reasonable cost or at all.

 

We are covered under the injury and accidental death insurance provided by the local government labour departments and do not separately maintain coverage for such risks. Consistent with what we believe to be the customary practice in China, we generally do not carry any third-party liability insurance to cover personal injury, environmental damage arising from accidents arising from property or related to our operations (other than our automobiles) or business interruption insurance. More extensive insurance is either unavailable in China or would impose a cost on our operations that would reduce our competitiveness.

 

35


 

We paid a total of RMB68.6 million, RMB81.4 million and RMB79.5 million (US$12.0 million) in insurance premiums in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Seasonality

 

Our business is not subject to seasonality.

 

Regulatory Overview

 

Producers of alumina and primary aluminum are subject to national industrial policies and relevant laws and regulations in areas of environmental protection, import and export, land use, foreign investment regulation and taxation. We are also subject to regulations relating to activities such as mining.

 

We are principally subject to governmental supervision and regulation by two agencies of the PRC government:

 

*

the NDRC, which sets and implements the major policies concerning China's economic and social development, approves investments exceeding certain amounts, coordinates and improves the reform of the economic system, and formulates industrial policies and investment guidelines for all industries including the aluminum industry; and

 

 

*

the Ministry of Land and Resources of China, which has the authority to grant land use licenses and mining right permits.

 

 

The following is a brief summary of the principal laws, regulations, policies and administrative directives to which we are subject.

 

Requirements for Capital Investments

 

Any capital markets financing activities by an enterprise or company incorporated in the PRC, for example, those to finance capital projects, are subject to approval by securities regulatory authorities and other relevant authorities in China, regardless of whether the funds are raised in China or on the international capital markets. An issuer incorporated in the PRC must obtain prior approval from the CSRC for issuance of equity securities or equity-linked securities. Offerings of bonds in the PRC by a listed company PRC-incorporated are subject to approval from the CSRC, while offering of bonds in the PRC by other enterprises are subject to approval from the People's Bank of China, as well as the NDRC, or their competent local authorities. Offering of bonds outside the PRC are subject to approval from the NDRC and/or the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. For all international financing activities through issuance of bonds, the issuer must register with the administrative authorities of foreign exchange. Foreign investment in the exploring and mining of alumina and primary aluminum is permitted by the PRC government.

 

Entrance Conditions for Aluminum Industry

 

"Entrance Conditions for Alumina Industry" provides that, (i) all new bauxite projects must be approved by relevant authorities at the provincial governments, with an exception for those projects with a total investment over RMB500 million (US$75.8 million), for which the approval from the competent authority under the State Council of China is required. In addition, all new bauxite projects should have an annual production capacity of not less than 300,000 tonnes with a service period of over 15 years; (ii) all new alumina projects must obtain approval from the State Council of China. Alumina projects which consume domestic bauxite mines must have an annual production capacity of over 800,000 tonnes and service duration of bauxite mines must exceed 30 years. Alumina projects which consume imported bauxite mines must have an annual production capacity of over 600,000 tonnes and have reliable bauxite supply. Raw materials supplied under long-term purchase agreements with terms of over five years must exceed 60% of the total raw material demand; (iii) all new aluminum projects must be approved by the State Council of China. In near future, approval will only be granted to environmental protection upgrade projects and those projects under state plan to replace out-of-date equipments. All update or replacement project must have reliable alumina supply, power supply and transportation access.

 

Pricing

 

The PRC government does not impose any limitations with respect to the pricing of alumina, primary aluminum and related products. Thus, alumina and primary aluminum producers are free to set prices for their products. All the raw materials, supplemental materials and other supplies that we purchase are based on market prices. Freight transportation on the national railway system is subject to government mandated pricing.

 

Electricity Supply and Price

 

36


 

The State Electricity Regulatory Commission of China is responsible for the supervision and administration of the power industry in China. The NDRC and local governments regulate electricity pricing. Electricity suppliers may not change their electricity prices without governmental authorization.

 

The Electric Power Law of China and related rules and regulations govern electricity supply and distribution. Currently, China's state-owned power companies, through their respective local subsidiaries, operate all the regional power grids in China from which we obtain most of our electricity requirements. In October 2007, Chinese government issued "Notice on Further Solutions of the Difference in Electricity Rates", according to which the preferential electricity prices originally enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises have been gradually abolished. In May 2010, Chinese government issued "Notice of Eliminating Preferential Electricity Rate for High Energy Consuming Enterprises and Related Matters", which further eliminated the preferential electricity price arrangement enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises.

 

Regulations Concerning Imports and Exports of Alumina and Primary Aluminum

 

Import taxes on alumina and primary aluminum have been eliminated. The export tax rate for certain primary aluminum products has been 15% since August 1, 2007.

 

Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations

 

The Ministry of Environmental Protection of China is responsible for uniform supervision and control of environmental protection in China. It formulates national environmental quality and discharge standards and monitors China's environmental system. Environmental protection bureaus at the county level or above are responsible for environmental protection within their respective jurisdictions.

 

Environmental regulations require companies to file an environmental impact report with the relevant environmental bureau for approval before undertaking the construction of a new production facility or any major expansion or renovation of an existing production facility. New facilities built pursuant to this approval are not permitted to operate until the relevant environmental bureau has performed an inspection and is satisfied that the facilities are in compliance with environmental standards.

 

The Environmental Protection Law requires any facility that produces pollutants or other hazards to incorporate environmental protection measures in its operations and establish an environmental protection responsibility system. Such system includes adoption of effective measures to control and properly dispose of waste gases, waste water, waste residue, dust or other waste materials. Any entity that discharges pollution must register with the relevant environmental protection authority.

 

Penalties for breaches of the Environmental Protection Law include a warning, payment of damages and imposition of a fine. Any entity undertaking a construction project that fails to install pollution prevention and control facilities in compliance with environmental standards for a construction project may be ordered to suspend production or operations and may be fined. Criminal liability may be imposed for a material violation of environmental laws and regulations that causes loss of property or personal injuries or death.

 

Mineral Resources Laws and Regulations

 

All mineral resources in China are owned by the state under the current Mineral Resources Law. Exploration, exploitation and mining operations must comply with the relevant provisions of the Mineral Resources Law and are under the supervision of the Ministry of Land and Resources. Exploration and exploitation of mineral resources are also subject to examination and approval by the Ministry of Land and Resources and relevant local authorities. Upon approval, a mining permit or exploitation permit is issued by the relevant administrative authorities, which are responsible for supervision and inspection of mining exploitation in their jurisdiction. Annual reports are required to be filed by the holders of mining rights with the relevant administrative authorities.

 

The PRC government permits mine operators of collectively owned mines to exploit mineral resources in designated areas and individuals to mine scattered mineral resources. Such mine operators and individuals are subject to government regulation. Mining activities by individuals are restricted. Individuals are not permitted to exploit mineral reserves allocated for exploitation by a mining enterprise or company, or specified minerals prescribed by the state for protective mining. Indiscriminate mining that damages mineral resources is prohibited.

 

If mining activities result in damage to arable land, grassland or afforested area, the mining operator must take measures to return the land to an arable state within the prescribed time frame. Any entity or individual which fails to fulfill its remediation obligations may be fined and denied application for land use rights for new land by the relevant land and natural resources authorities.

 

It is unlawful for an entity or individual to conduct mining operations in areas designated for other legal mining operators. A mining operator whose exploitation causes harm to others in terms of production or in terms of living standards is liable for compensation and is required to take necessary remedial measures. When a mine is closed, a mine closure report and information concerning the mining facilities, hidden dangers, remediation and environmental protection must be submitted for examination and approval in accordance with the relevant PRC law and regulations.

 

37


 

The mineral products illegally extracted and the income derived from such activities may be confiscated and may result in fines, revocation of the mining permit and, in serious circumstances, criminal liability.

 

Tax Laws and Regulation

 

In March 2007, the PRC government promulgated the Enterprise Income Tax Law which became effective from January 1, 2008. The Enterprise Income Tax Law imposes a single income tax rate of 25% on both domestic and foreign invested enterprises. Certain branches and subsidiaries of us located in special regions of the PRC were granted tax concessions including preferential tax rates of 15%. On December 6, 2007, PRC government promulgated the Enterprise Income Tax Law Implementation Rules which also became effective on January 1, 2008.

 

C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

 

Below is a summary of our corporate structure and principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010:

 

 

Percentage of

 

 

ownership interest

 

 

attribution to

 

Company

the Company

Principal activities




 

 

 

Baotou Aluminum Co., Limited

100%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum, aluminum alloy and related fabrication products and carbon products

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd.(1)

100%

Overseas investments and alumina import and export activities

Chalco Ruimin Co., Limited

92.18%(2)

Manufacture of aluminum, magnesium and related alloy products; export activities

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Co., Limited

60%

Manufacture and distribution of metal materials (excluding precious metals); sales of general machinery and equipment

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling Co., Limited

100%

Rolling aluminum and aluminum alloy processing; development of high precision aluminum strip production technology; import and export activities on goods and technology

Chalco Zunyi Alumina Co., Ltd.

67%

Manufacture and distribution of alumina

China Aluminum International Trading Co., Ltd.

90.50%

Import and export activities

China Aluminum Mining Co., Ltd.

100%

Production, acquisition and distribution of bauxite mines, limestone ore, aluminium magnesium ore and related nonferrous metal products

Fushun Aluminum Co., Ltd.

100%

Aluminum smelting, manufacture and distribution of nonferrous metals

Gansu Hualu Aluminum Co., Ltd.

51%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

Chalco Henan Aluminum Co., Limited

90.03%

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum and alloy related products

Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Manufactory Co., Ltd

24.002%(3)

Aluminum smelting, manufacture and distribution of nonferrous metals

Shandong Huayu Aluminum and Power Co., Ltd.

55%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

Shanxi Huasheng Aluminum Co., Ltd.

51%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum, aluminum alloy and carbon-related products

Shanxi Huaze Aluminum and Power Co., Ltd.

60%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum and anode carbon products and electricity generation and supply

Zunyi Aluminum Co., Ltd.

62.10%

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd. is incorporated in Hong Kong and all other principal subsidiaries are incorporated in the PRC.

 

 

(2)

In June 2010, we injected cash amounting to RMB287 million (US$43.5 million) into Chalco Ruimin and therefore our equity interest in Chalco Ruimin increased from 90.12% to 92.18%.

 

 

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(3)

In October 2010, we disposed a total of 5% equity interest of Jiaozuo Wanfang in an open market at market quoted price of the shares. Total cash proceeds less commission and other direct selling costs amounted to approximately RMB480 million (US$72.7 million). As a result of the disposal, our equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang decreased from 29% to 24.002%, but we remains the single largest shareholder and its rights to nominate 5 of the 6 non-independent directors remained unchanged as of December 31, 2010. The balance of equity holdings in Jiaozuo Wanfang is dispersed and the other shareholders have not organized their interests and cannot easily organize themselves in such a way that they exercise more votes than the minority holder. In additions, all resolutions proposed by us in the past 3 years were approved. The directors are of the view that we has de facto controlled over Jiaozuo Wanfang.

 

 

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D. PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

 

Mines

 

The following map sets forth details of the area surrounding Pingguo mine, our largest mine:

 

The Guangxi Pingguo plant, located in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, commenced operations in 1994. The surrounding infrastructure includes roadways and waterways.

 

Modernization and Physical Condition, Equipment, Infrastructure and Other Facilities

 

We have modern facilities at our mines, which were designed by professional PRC mine design institutes and adhere to international standards. Our mines are either open pit or underground. Our mines will generally have mining offices and transportation facilities that have access to local roads and highways. In addition, we utilize large- and small-capacity crushers with dual systems, washers and related heavy equipment such as bulldozers and scrapers.

 

Source of Power and Water

 

All of our mining facilities are connected to the local or regional electric power grids. Certain jointly-owned mines that are in more remote areas depend on diesel powered equipment, which can be purchased at public markets. In addition, our mining facilities are connected to reliable water sources such as lakes, rivers or underground sources, all of which were sufficient for the requirements of each individual mine.

 

Land

 

Chinalco leases to us 428 pieces or parcels of land, located in eight provinces, covering an aggregate area of approximately 53.1 million square meters for any purpose related to our operations and businesses. Currently, all leases for our properties are valid and have not expired. The leased land mainly consists of:

 

*

416 pieces of allocated land with an area of approximately 52.0 million square meters, for which Chinalco has obtained authorization from the relevant administrative authorities to manage and lease the land use rights; and

 

 

*

12 pieces of land with an area of approximately 1.1 million square meters for which Chinalco has paid the land premiums and has been granted land use rights certificates.

 

 

The land is leased for the following terms:

 

*

allocated land: 50 years commencing from July 1, 2001 (except for land use rights of mines operated by us, whose leased terms shall end on the expiration date of the mining rights or at the end of the actual mine life, whichever is earlier);

 

 

40


 

*

granted land: until expiration of the relevant land use right permits; and

 

 

*

for both allocated or granted land: normal commercial terms that stipulate, among other conditions, the terms of use, monthly or annual rental amounts payable in RMB and a six-month notification provision for termination of any lease agreement.

 

 

Buildings

 

Our principal executive offices, which we lease from Chinalco, are located at No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100082.

 

Pursuant to the reorganization in connection with our initial public offering in 2001, Chinalco transferred to us, among other operating assets, ownership of the buildings and properties for the operation of our core businesses. Chinalco retained its remaining buildings and properties for its operations. The buildings transferred to us comprise 4,631 buildings with an aggregate gross area of approximately 4.2 million square meters. These buildings may be sold or transferred only with the consent of Chinalco and in accordance with applicable land transfer procedures. Chinalco has undertaken to provide its consent and the necessary assistance to affect land grant procedures to ensure that our buildings can be legally transferred or sold.

 

We and Chinalco also lease to each other a number of other buildings and properties for ancillary uses, which comprise mainly buildings for offices, dormitory, canteen and storage purposes. We lease four buildings to Chinalco, with an aggregate gross area of approximately 20,956 square meters. Chinalco leases five buildings to us, with an aggregate gross area of approximately 92,018 square meters. The lease terms of all these buildings are 20 years commencing from July 1, 2001. Chinalco had obtained proper land and building title certificates for all of the buildings it leases to us by the end of 2004. On March 28, 2005, we entered into a tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, in respect of the office premises at 12th to 16th floors and 18th to 31st floors of No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, PRC with an aggregate gross floor area of 30,160.81 square meters for a term of three years. On October 15, 2008, our tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited expired, and we renewed the tenancy agreement to extend it for another three years commencing on October 16, 2008, pursuant to which, the aggregated gross floor area we leased under such tenancy agreement was increased to 30,188.0 square meters. On October 10, 2010, we entered into a supplemental tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited, pursuant to which, the aggregate gross floor area we lease in 2010 under the tenancy agreement has been changed to 26,036.3 square meters. We will enter into new lease agreements with China Aluminum Development Company Limited in 2011.

 

For environmental issues in relation to the utilization of our assets, please refer to "Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview - Environmental Protection".

 

Our Expansion

 

Our capital expansion plan for 2011 requires a total of approximately RMB22.6 billion (US$3.4 billion) in capital expenditures for technology upgrading and expansion projects to increase our annual production capacity. In 2011, our annual production capacities of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication are expected to increase by approximately 270,000 tonnes, 388,000 tonnes and 35,000 tonnes, respectively. For more information, see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - B. Liquidity and Capital Resources - Capital Expenditures and Capital Commitments".

 

Capital expenditures are expected to further expand our alumina and primary aluminum production capacities to further enhance synergies arising from economies of scale, vertical integration and reduction of our unit production cost. In 2011, we will continue the expansion and restructuring of our primary aluminum, alumina and aluminum fabrication projects, the majority of which are included as follows:

 

*

Northwest Aluminum foil project: The construction of this project is expected to commence production by 2011. We expect the completion of this project to increase our annual aluminum foil production capacity by 35,000 tonnes.

 

 

*

Liancheng branch primary aluminum project: This project is expected to be completed in 2011, and we expect the completion of this project to increase our annual primary aluminum production capacity by 388,000 tonnes.

 

 

*

Chalco Xing Xian alumina project: This project is expected to be completed in 2013, and we expect the completion of this project to increase our annual alumina production capacity by 800,000 tonnes. We expect to invest RMB5.23 billion (US$0.8 billion) in this project.

 

 

*

Chalco Zhongzhou Ore-dressing Bayer Process expansion: This project is expected to be completed in 2012, and we expect the completion of this project to increase our annual alumina production capacity by 700,000 tonnes. We expect to invest RMB2.992 billion (US$453.3 million) in this project.

 

 

We intend to fund these capital expenditures through a combination of internal funds derived from our own operations and the proceeds from medium-term and long-term debt financing.

 

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

None.

 

41


 

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and selected historical financial data, in each case together with the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this annual report. This section contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of our future performance or results and our actual results could materially differ from those disclosed in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the information provided in "Item 3. Key Information - D. Risk Factors".

 

The IFRS financial information discussed in this section has been restated after taking into account the reclassification of operating segments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2009, whereas trading business is identified as a separate reportable operating segment in 2010. See Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

A. OPERATING RESULTS

 

Overview

 

We are the largest producer of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products in China. We were the second largest producer of alumina and the third largest producer of primary aluminum in the world in terms of production volume for the year ended December 31, 2010. We are engaged principally in alumina refining, primary aluminum smelting, aluminum fabrication and trading non-ferrous metal products. We organize and manage our operations according to the following key segments:

 

*

Alumina segment, which consists of mining and purchasing bauxite and other raw materials, refining bauxite into alumina, and selling alumina to our primary aluminum smelters and external customers directly or indirectly through Chalco Trading. This segment also includes the production and sales of chemical alumina (including alumina hydroxide and alumina chemicals) and metal gallium.

 

 

*

Primary aluminum segment, which consists of procuring alumina and other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, smelting alumina to produce primary aluminum and selling them to our aluminum fabrication plants and external customers directly or indirectly through Chalco Trading. This segment also includes the production and sales of carbon products and aluminum alloy products.

 

 

*

Aluminum fabrication segment, which consists of procuring primary aluminum, other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, and further processing primary aluminum and sales of seven main aluminum fabricated products, including casts, planks, screens, extrusions, forges, powder and die castings, to external customers directly or indirectly through Chalco Trading.

 

 

*

Trading segment, which consists of our internal and external procurement and sales of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, relevant metal products and raw and ancillary materials in bulk domestically and abroad.

 

 

*

Corporate and other operating segments, which mainly include management of headquarters, research and development activities.

 

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB, which requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the accounting policies. The areas in our financial reporting involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements. We have established procedures and processes to facilitate the making of such judgments in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Management has used the best information available but actual performance may differ from our management's estimates and future changes in key variables could change future reported amounts in our financial statements.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment- recoverable amount

 

Each asset or cash generating unit is evaluated every reporting period to determine whether there are any indications of impairment. If any such indication exists, an estimate of recoverable amount is performed and an impairment loss recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an asset or cash generating group of assets is measured at the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use.

 

Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of the asset in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties and is generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset, and its eventual disposal.

 

Value in use is also generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows, but only those expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present form and its eventual disposal. Present values are determined using a risk-adjusted pre-tax discount rate appropriate to the risks inherent in the asset. Future cash flow estimates are based on expected production and sales volumes, commodity prices (considering current and historical prices, price trends and related factors) and operating costs. This policy requires management to make these estimates and assumptions which are subject to risk and uncertainty; hence there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will alter these projections, which may impact the recoverable amount of the assets. In such circumstances, some or all of the carrying value of the assets may be impaired and the impairment would be charged against the statement of comprehensive income.

 

42


 

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - estimated useful lives and residual values

 

Our management determines the estimated useful lives and residual values (if applicable) and consequently related depreciation/amortization charges for our property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. These estimates are based on the historical experience of the actual useful lives of property, plant and equipment of similar nature and functions, or based on value-in-use calculations or market valuations according to the estimated periods that we intend to derive future economic benefits from the use of intangible assets. Management will increase the depreciation/amortization charge where useful lives are less than previously estimated lives, and it will write-off or write-down technically obsolete or non-strategic assets that have been abandoned or sold.

 

Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives; and actual residual values may differ from estimated residual values. Periodic review could result in a change in depreciable lives and residual values and therefore depreciation/amortization expense in future periods.

 

Goodwill

 

Goodwill is allocated to our operating segment as it represents the lowest level of us at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes and is tested for impairment annually by preparing a formal estimate of the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is estimated as the value in use of the operating segment. Similar considerations to those described above in respect of assessing the recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment apply to goodwill.

 

Inventories

 

Our management tests whether inventory suffered any impairment based on estimates of the net realizable value of the inventory. For different types of inventories, it requires the exercise of accounting estimates on selling price, costs of conversion, selling expenses and related tax expense to calculate its net realizable value. For inventories held for executed sales contracts, the management estimates net realizable value based on the contracted price; for other inventories, the management estimates realizable future price based on the actual prices during the period from the balance sheet date to the date these financial statements were approved for issue by our Board and takes into account the nature and balance of inventories and future estimated price trends. For raw materials and work-in-progress, the management has established a model in estimating the net realized value at which the inventories can be realized in the normal course of business after considering our manufacturing cycles, production capacity and forecasts, estimated future conversion costs and selling prices. The management also takes into account the price or cost fluctuations and other related matters occurring after the balance sheet date which reflect conditions that existed as of the balance sheet date.

 

It is reasonably possible that if there is a significant change in circumstances including our business and the external environment, outcomes within the next financial year may be significantly affected.

 

Income Tax

 

We estimate our income tax provision and deferred income taxation in accordance with the prevailing tax rules and regulations, taking into account any special approvals obtained from relevant tax authorities and any preferential tax treatment to which we are entitled in each location or jurisdiction in which we operate. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred income tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

 

For temporary differences which give rise to deferred income tax assets, we have assessed the likelihood that the deferred income tax assets could be recovered. Major deferred income tax assets relate to deductible tax losses and provision for impairment of assets and accruals of expenses not yet deductible for tax purposes. Due to the effects of these temporary differences on income tax, we recorded deferred income tax assets of approximately RMB1,536 million (US$232.7 million) as of December 31, 2010, compared with approximately RMB1,818 million as of December 31, 2009. Deferred income tax assets are recognized based on our estimates and assumptions that they will be recovered from taxable income arising from continuing operations in the foreseeable future.

 

We believe we have recorded adequate current tax provision and deferred income taxes based on the prevailing tax rules and regulations and our current best estimates and assumptions. In the event that future tax rules and regulations or related circumstances change, adjustments to current and deferred income taxation may be necessary which would impact the our results or financial position.

 

43


 

New IFRS Pronouncements

 

For a detailed discussion of new accounting pronouncements, please see Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

 

We believe that the following factors which impact our various revenue and expense items (as described below) have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect on the development of our business, financial position and results of operation.

 

General Economic Conditions in China and the World and Demand for, and Mix of, Our Self-produced Products.

 

We are engaged principally in alumina refining, primary aluminum smelting, aluminum fabrication products manufacturing and sales of these products and trading of non-ferrous metal products. As the major aluminum products market is globalized, demand for and prices of our products are highly correlated with general economic conditions in China and the world, the performance of major aluminum and related product markets. During late 2008 and early 2009, China's economy experienced a downturn, exacerbated by the global financial crisis. The downturn had a substantial impact on China's alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication product market and resulted in significant decreases in the sales volumes and average selling prices of our major aluminum products. As a result, we incurred net loss of RMB4,679.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with a net profit of RMB168.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. In response to the downturn, the PRC government implemented a series of fiscal measures to encourage economic growth, and China's economy stabilized and began to grew again in late 2009. In 2010, China's GDP growth rate reached 10.3% per annum. Industries' sentiment recovered significantly, resulting in a general recovery of the alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication product markets in China. In addition, as global economy continued to recover and grow starting from second half of 2009, global demand for aluminum products continued to increase in 2010. We generated a net profit of RMB969.1 million (US$146.8 million) in 2010, compared with a net loss of RMB4,679.6 million in 2009. We expect China's and global demand for and market prices of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products to continue to increase in 2011.

 

Demand for alumina manufactured by us is primarily affected by the output and consumption on the global and domestic market. The global output of alumina for 2010 was approximately 82.01 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year increase of 12.9%. The global alumina consumption reached approximately 82.86 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year increase of 14.5%. In response to the economic recovery, most global alumina manufacturers resumed their production in 2010. As of the end of December 2010, approximately 85.0% of the global alumina manufacturers resumed their production, while in China, approximately 82.2% of the alumina manufacturers resumed their production. In 2010, the domestic output of alumina products reached approximately 28.94 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year increase of 21.4%. The domestic consumption of alumina was approximately 31.50 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year increase of 19.2%. In 2010, alumina imported into the PRC amounted to approximately 4.31 million tonnes, representing a year-on-year decrease of 16.1%.

 

Demand for primary aluminum manufactured by us is primarily affected by the output and consumption on the global and domestic market. In 2010, the global output of primary aluminum reached approximately 41.90 million tonnes, representing an increase of 11.2% from 2009. The global consumption of aluminum reached approximately 41.00 million tonnes, representing an increase of 19.6% from 2009. Domestic consumption of primary aluminum in China increased by 19.5% and reached approximately 16.50 million tonnes in 2010 from the prior year, compared with an increase of 20.5% of the domestic output to reach approximately 15.65 million tonnes of the primary aluminum in the same period. In 2010, China imported approximately 229,000 tonnes primary aluminum.

 

Demand for aluminum fabrication products manufactured by us is primarily affected by the output and consumption on specific industrial end-user markets as different aluminum fabrication products are tailored for different industrial use. In the current domestic and global market, the industries consume the substantial portion of aluminum fabrication products are construction industry, real estate industry and automobile manufacturing industry, the performance of which is highly correlated with China's and the global economy.

 

Pricing and Sales of Our Self-produced Products.

 

We sell our self-produced products by both spot sales and contractual sales. We fix sales volume in the contractual sales and price the products by reference to spot prices quoted in relevant markets. As a result, price fluctuations in relevant market can affect our prices under these contracts, and the effect of such fluctuations may become more pronounced as we gradually increase the proportion of our contractual sales.

 

We sell a substantial majority of our self-produced alumina by contractual sales. The terms of the sales contracts for alumina typically range from three to five years. We price our self-produced alumina by generally taking into account the SHFE and LME prices for primary aluminum. In 2010, the international and domestic spot prices of alumina fluctuated significantly. The spot price of alumina in the international market reached a high of approximately US$390 per tonne and bottomed out at approximately US$300 per tonne. The spot price of alumina in the domestic market similarly reached a high of RMB3,000 (US$454.5) per tonne and bottomed out at RMB2,400 (US$363.6) per tonne. In 2010, our average selling price of alumina was RMB2,765 (US$418.9) per tonne, representing a year-on-year increase of 21.9%, compared to the average import price of alumina of US$338 per tonne, which represented a year-on-year increase of 25%.

 

44


 

We sell our self-produced primary aluminum by both spot sales and contractual sales. Terms of the sales contracts for primary aluminum are typically one year. Like most primary aluminum producers in China, we price our primary aluminum products by reference to the SHFE spot prices. SHFE primary aluminum spot prices generally reflect LME primary aluminum spot prices, but also account for international transportation costs, import tariffs, value-added tax and other import-related costs. Fluctuations in the SHFE spot prices, and LME spot prices by extension, have a significant effect on our operating results. Primary aluminum prices on the SHFE and LME tend to be cyclical and volatile. The following table sets out the average three-month primary aluminum futures price on the LME and SHFE in the periods indicated:

 

 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

(U.S. dollar per tonne)

 

 

 

LME

 

2,573.0

1,664.0

2,272.0

SHFE(1)

 

2,180.0

1,993.5

2,394.2

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Translated into U.S. dollars at U.S. dollar 1.00 = RMB6.7603, being the annual average for 2010.

 

 

During 2010, the international and domestic prices of primary aluminum fluctuated significantly as a result of the European financial crisis, introduction of policies regarding real estate industry and energy saving and emission reduction policies and the electricity supply shortage in Europe. In April 2010, the spot price of aluminum on the LME and SHFE reached an annual low of US$1,844 per tonne and RMB14,580 (US$2,209) per tonne respectively. However, since November 2010, the prices of aluminum have increased due to the excess liquidity and the depreciation of U.S. dollar as a result of the loose monetary policy adopted by the U.S., and the decrease in aluminium supply as a result of the introduction of China's energy saving and emission reduction policy. Therefore, the spot price of primary aluminum on the LME and SHFE reached a high of US$2,477 per tonne and RMB18,470 (US$2,798) per tonne, respectively in 2010. In 2010, our average selling prices of primary aluminum increased by 14.4% from 2009, compared to the increase in the average spot price of aluminum on the LME and the SHFE, of 34.5% and 20.3%, respectively, for the same period.

 

We sell aluminum fabrication products under contracts, terms of which are typically no longer than one year. We price our aluminum fabrication products pursuant primarily to the market price of primary aluminum, and to a lesser extent, the processing charge. The price of primary aluminum generally reflects the SHFE and LME primary aluminum spot prices. Since the price of primary aluminum comprises a substantial portion of our cost in producing aluminum fabrication products, fluctuations in the SHFE and LME spot prices have a significant effect on our operating results. The processing fee is generally affected by the client-based requirement for a specific product and our proprietary technology and know-how. Different client-based requirement will result in significantly different processing charges.

 

Price Volatility of Non-ferrous Metal Products.

 

Since late 2009, as a result of the implementation of our operational structural adjustment, we have been engaged substantially in the trading of non-ferrous metal products to optimize the profit margin. Although the profit margin of non-ferrous metal products trading is typically lower than the profit margin of our self-produced products, we generated substantial revenues from trading of non-ferrous metal products in 2010 due to our significant trading volumes. We use futures contracts and option contracts in addition to the simple buy-low-sell-high trading model to hedge against price fluctuations in non-ferrous metal product market. However, short-term price volatility of non-ferrous metal products remains a key factor affecting our operation result, as we need to make the correct prediction of the price volatility of the non-ferrous metal products on the markets to ensure substantial revenues through large trading volume. If the price fluctuation on the market does not match our prediction, we may be forced to sell non-ferrous metal product at low price or to purchase non-ferrous metal product at high prices, and this may adversely affect gross margins and profitability.

 

Manufacturing Costs.

 

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of the costs of the raw materials, overhead cost and the electric power cost which is our principal energy cost.

 

Our principal raw material is bauxite. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, bauxite produced by us accounted for 30.9%, 61.3% and 49.4% of our total bauxite used in the production of alumina. The unit cost of bauxite produced by us are generally lower than the unit cost of bauxite procured from external suppliers. However, unit cost of bauxite produced by us may exceed the unit cost of outsourced bauxite if the domestic and global bauxite prices decrease. To mitigate such risk, we also purchase a substantial amount of bauxite from external suppliers. This practice allows us flexibility to control our production cost. For example, beginning in the fourth quarter 2008 and continuing through the second quarter 2009, the cost of alumina purchased from certain of our refinery exceeded the prices of alumina available from other sources. In response, we increased our external purchases of alumina in late 2008 and early 2009 and correspondingly reduced our internal production, which decreased our utilization of certain alumina refineries and reduce our overall cost as a result.

 

Given our high proportion of fixed costs, we must generate sufficient sales to absorb our fixed costs to maintain or increase our operating margins. Our acquisitions and production expansion in recent years have significantly increased our costs that are relatively fixed nature such as leases and depreciation of property, plant and equipment and employee benefit expenses. If we are able to maintain satisfactory facility utilization rates and productivity, our production capacity expansion will enable us to reduce our unit costs through economies of scale and recover associated increased costs through higher output.

 

45


 

Primary aluminum is one of our major aluminum products and is produced by smelting operations. Smelting operations require a substantial and continuous supply of electricity. Electricity cost is the most significant component of our primary aluminum production cost and accounted for approximately 41.7% of our unit production cost for primary aluminum in 2010. The availability and price of electricity are key considerations in our primary aluminum operations. Interruptions of electricity supply can result in lengthy production shutdowns, increased costs associated with restarting production and waste of production in progress, and prolonged interruptions can cause damage to or the destruction of production equipment and facilities. The preferential electricity prices formerly enjoyed by Chinese primary aluminum enterprises in 2007 were gradually reduced during 2008 and completely eliminated in 2009. The implementation of this policy has increased the operating costs of primary aluminum producers in China. However, our average annual electricity price decreased by 5.4% in 2009 due to effect of diminished industrial demand for electricity caused by the international financial crisis and global financial crisis from the fourth quarter of 2008 to early 2009, which negatively affected the demand for electricity in China. As China's economy recovers since late 2009, our average annual electricity price increased by 12.7% in 2010 from the prior year. Nine of our primary aluminum smelters were selected to participate in a direct electricity purchase program, which allows those smelters to purchase electricity supply directly from power generation enterprises at prices slightly lower than market rates. As of March 31, 2011, two of our primary aluminum smelters with an annual production capacity of approximately 640,000 tonnes, representing approximately 16.1% of our primary aluminum capacity, have entered into direct electricity supply agreements under this program. The remaining seven primary aluminium smelters are still in the process of seeking the approvals from the relevant authority. In addition, we have implemented energy conservation measures at a number of our production facilities, mainly by streamlining the production process and improving our product portfolio. The total energy consumption of our primary aluminum segment in 2010 decreased by 1.3% from 2009 despite a 11.3% increase in output and a 12.7% increase in our average annual electricity price during the same period.

 

PRC Regulation Affecting the Aluminum and Other Non-ferrous Metal Products Industries.

 

The central and local PRC government continues to exercise a substantial degree of control and influence over the aluminum and other non-ferrous metal product industry in China and shape the structure and development of the industry through the imposition of industry policies governing major project approvals, preferential tax treatment and safety, environmental and quality regulations, including but not limited to the "Aluminum Industry Development Policy", "Notice on Guiding Opinions for Accelerating Aluminum Industrial Restructuring", "Environmental Protection Guide for Developing Circular Economy in Aluminum Industry", "Notice of the State Council of China on Further Strengthening the Elimination of Obsolete Production Capacities" and "Non-ferrous Metals Industry Restructuring and Revitalization Planning", etc. Certain existing laws and regulations involve barriers to entry, production quotas, setting, amending or abolishing import tariffs and limitations and duties on the export of aluminum and certain non-ferrous metals and related products. If PRC government changes its current policies or the interpretation of those policies that are currently beneficial to us, we may face pressure on profit margins and significant constraints on our ability to expand our business operations.

 

Selected Statement of Operation Items

 

Revenues

 

Historically, Chalco Trading mainly generate revenues by selling self-produced products procured from our alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication plants. Commencing in late 2009, as a result of the implementation of our operational structural adjustment, we have been engaged substantially in the trading of outsourced non-ferrous metal products through Chalco Trading to optimize the profit margin. We also significantly increased external sales through Chalco Trading of self-produced alumina and primary aluminum in 2010 from the prior year, to integrate our sales channel of self-produced alumina and primary aluminum, expand our market share and the ability to better coordinating sales efforts among us and better manage sales demands as a whole and gain more flexibility to respond to the market variations. However, we significantly reduced external sales through Chalco Trading of aluminum fabrication products manufactured by us in 2010 from the prior year, primarily because we believe individual sales by each of our own aluminum fabrication plants are more efficient than integrated sales through Chalco Trading as specific aluminum fabrication products are tailored for specific customers. In 2010, revenues generated from alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products and trading segment (before elimination of inter-segment sales) accounted for 14.8%, 29.4%, 5.8% and 49.8% of our consolidated total revenues before elimination of inter-segment sales, respectively. Revenues generated from alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products and trading segment (after elimination of inter-segment sales) accounted for 1.8%, 21.8%, 8.5% and 67.8% of our consolidated total revenues after elimination of inter-segment sales, respectively, for the same period.

 

Cost of Sales

 

Our cost of sales consists primarily of the cost of the raw materials, the fix cost and the electric power cost which is our principal energy cost. For years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, our costs of sales were RMB70,960.7 million, RMB69,079.4 million and RMB113,349.9 million (US$17,174.2 million), and accounted for 92.5%, 98.3% and 93.7% of the total consolidated revenues, respectively.

 

46


 

Operating Expenses

 

General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee benefit expenses for directors and officers and employees in administrative department, taxes other than income tax expense, depreciation of non-production property, plant and equipment, travelling and entertainment, operating lease rental expenses and, to a lesser extent, amortization of land use rights and leasehold land, amortization of intangible assets, utilities and office supplies, pollutants discharge fees, repairs and maintenance, insurance expense, auditors' remuneration, legal and other professional fees, and others. General and administrative expenses accounted for 63.7%, 66.2% and 61.8% of our total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Employee benefit expenses, including salaries and bonus, housing fund, staff welfare and other expenses, employment expense in relation to early retirement schemes, and retirement benefit cost-defined contribution schemes, comprise the largest component of our general and administrative expenses, accounting for 25.3%, 34.7% and 32.0% of our total general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. Our taxes other than income tax expense, consisting primarily of land use tax, property tax and stamp duty, comprise the second largest component of our general and administrative expenses, accounting for 22.9%, 18.5% and 23.4% of our total our general and administrative expenses for the years ended 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Selling and Distribution Expenses. Our selling and distribution expenses consist primarily of transportation and loading expenses, packaging expense and, to a lesser extent, port expenses, employee benefit expenses for employees in selling and distribution department, sales commissions and other handling fees, warehouse and other storage fees, marketing and advertising expenses, depreciation of non-production property, plant and equipment, and others. Selling and distribution expenses accounted for 39.7%, 28.3% and 37.1% of our total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Research and Development Expenses. Our research and development expenses accounted for 4.5%, 4.0% and 3.9% of our total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Impairment charge/write-off of property, plant and equipment. Our impairment charge/write-off of property, plant and equipment accounted for 0.03%, 14.0% and 16.5% of our total operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

Other Income. Our other income represented government grants.

 

Other Gains, net. Our other gains, net consist primarily of realized and unrealized gain on future and option contracts, and gain on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets and, to a lesser extent, gain/loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment, and others.

 

Finance Costs

 

Our financing costs consist primarily of interest expense on our borrowings, which we have incurred mainly to fund our capital expenditures. Interest rates on loans related to capital expenditures and working capital set by banks generally follow guidelines issued by the People's Bank of China. The People's Bank of China regulates the interest rates for commercial loans chargeable by state-owned banks from time to time as part of the PRC government's efforts to regulate the PRC economy. Such interest rates increased from the beginning of 2008 until the fourth quarter of 2008 when they decreased, but they further increased in 2010. In 2010, we incurred interest expense of RMB2,575.7 million (US$390.3 million) on our borrowings including interest expense of RMB645.0 million (US$97.7 million) on our borrowings attributable to the construction of property, plant and equipment was capitalized in property, plant and equipment, representing an increase of 12.0% from 2009. Such increase was primarily due to an increase in the outstanding principal amount on bank loans and other borrowings, including short-term and long-term bonds and medium-term notes.

 

Consolidated results of operations

 

The following table sets forth certain income and expense items as a percentage of our revenues from our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

RMB

(%)

RMB

(%)

RMB

US$

(%)

 

 

(in millions, except percentages)

 

 

 

Revenues

 

76,728.1

100.0

70,268.0

100.0

120,994.8

18,332.5

100.0

Cost of sales

 

(70,960.6)

(92.5)

(69,079.4)

(98.3)

(113,349.9)

(17,174.2)

(93.7)

 

 








 

47


 

Gross profit

 

5,767.5

7.5

1,188.6

1.7

7,644.9

1,158.3

6.3

Selling and distribution expenses

 

(1,562.8)

(2.0)

(1,264.9)

(1.8)

(1,573.3)

(238.4)

(1.3)

General and administrative expenses

 

(2,507.1)

(3.3)

(2,956.4)

(4.2)

(2,623.8)

(397.5)

(2.2)

Research and development expenses

 

(177.5)

(0.2)

(177.8)

(0.3)

(164.2)

(24.9)

(0.1)

Impairment charge/write-off of property,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   plant and equipment

 

(1.3)

(<0.1)

(623.8)

(0.9)

(701.8)

(106.3)

(0.6)

Other income

 

100.8

0.1

151.1

0.2

328.9

49.8

0.3

Other gains, net

 

212.8

0.3

403.8

0.6

491.0

74.4

0.4

 

 








 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating profit/(loss)

 

1,832.4

2.4

(3,279.4)

(4.7)

3,401.7

515.4

2.8

Finance costs, net

 

(1,709.7)

(2.2)

(2,137.9)

(3.0)

(2,495.2)

(378.1)

(2.1)

Others(1)

 

11.8

<0.1

26.7

<0.1

473.9

71.8

0.4

 

 








 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

 

134.5

0.2

(5,390.6)

(7.7)

1,380.4

209.1

1.1

Income tax benefit /(expense)

 

34.1

<0.1

711.0

1.0

(411.3)

(62.3)

(0.3)

 

 








 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Profit/(loss) for the year

 

168.6

0.2

(4,679.6)

(6.7)

969.1

146.8

0.8

 

 








 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes share of profit/(loss) of jointly-controlled entities and share of profit of associates.

 

 

No customer individually accounted for more than 10% of our total sales or any of our segment sales for the year ended December 31, 2010. Sales to Chinalco and its subsidiaries, jointly-controlled entities, associates and other related parties accounted for approximately 10.9%, 9.7% and 9.0% of consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. For information on related party transactions, see "Item 7 - Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions - Related Party Transactions" and Note 35 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Revenues

 

Our revenues increased by 72.2% from RMB70,268.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB120,994.8 million (US$18,332.5 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the selling prices and sales volume of products manufactured by us and the increase in the trading volume. Our average selling prices of alumina and primary aluminium increased by 21.9% and 14.4% respectively, in 2010 from the prior year. The aggregate sales volume of our self-produced products also increased, reflecting the increased demand for these products as a result of the recovery of the PRC and global economy. Increase in revenues generated from trading of outsourced products also contributed to the revenues growth in 2010 from the prior year as we significantly increased the trading volume commencing in late 2009. Our sales of products manufactured by us in the trading segment for 2010 was approximately RMB34,444 million (US$5,219 million), representing an increase of RMB17,709 million (US$2,714 million) or 105.8% from approximately RMB16,735 million for the preceding year. Our sales of products sourced from external suppliers in the trading segment for 2010 was approximately RMB55,697 million (US$8,439 million), representing an increase of RMB33,981 million (US$5,149 million) or 156.5% from approximately RMB21,716 million for the preceding year.

 

Cost of Sales

 

Our cost of sales increased by 64.1% from RMB69,079.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB113,349.9 million (US$17,174.2 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the prices of raw materials, the sales volume of products manufactured by us and the trading volume of non-ferrous metal products. Our gross profit margin increased from 1.7% for the year ended December 31, 2009 to 7.5% for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the relatively larger increase of our average selling price than the increase of the prices of raw materials.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

Our general and administrative expenses decreased by 11.3% from RMB2,956.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB2,623.8 million (US$397.5 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the decrease of RMB216 million (US$32.7 million) in the retirement benefit expenses as a result of our early retirement schemes adopted in 2009 and 2010. These early retirement benefit schemes allow qualified employees to early retire on a voluntary basis. In addition, we have applied strict control to daily administrative expenses and have adopted proactive measures to constrain all controllable expenses, resulting in a decrease of approximately RMB123 million (US$18.6 million) in our administrative expenses.

 

Selling and Distribution Expenses

 

Our selling and distribution expenses increased by 24.4% from RMB1,264.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB1,573.3 million (US$238.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase of transportation, loading and packaging expenses in association with the increase of our external sales of major products.

 

48


 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Our research and development expenses decreased slightly by 7.6% from RMB177.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB164.2 million (US$24.9 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Impairment Charge/write-off of Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Our impairment charge/write-off of property, plant and equipment increased by 12.5% from RMB623.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB701.8 million (US$106.3 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the partial write-off of the expenditure on Aurukun Project. See Note 8 to our audited consolidated financial statements for detailed information. In addition, as part of our ongoing effort to optimize operations, we have discontinued the use of certain production equipment and reduced the carrying amount of these pieces of equipment to our estimated net proceeds, or recoverable amount, from their disposal.

 

Other Income

 

Other income increased by 117.7% from RMB151.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB328.9 million (US$49.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to an increase in government grants of RMB178 million (US$27.0 million).

 

Other Gains, Net

 

Our net other gains increased by 21.6% from RMB403.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB491.0 million (US$74.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to an increase in gain on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets of RMB150.3 million (US$22.8 million) relating to the sales of our investment in China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited, partly offset by a decrease in net realized/unrealized gain on future and option contracts.

 

Operating Profit

 

As a result of the foregoing, we incurred operating profit of RMB3,401.7 million (US$515.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared with an operating loss of RMB3,279.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Finance Costs, Net

 

Our net finance cost increased by 16.7% from RMB2,137.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB2,495.2 million (US$378.1 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010. Notwithstanding the year-on-year increase in interest-bearing borrowings, we have maintained our total interest expenses basically constant as compared with 2009 through optimization of our debt portfolio, expanding our low-cost financing channels and lowering of the interest rates. However, since more construction in progress projects were completed and transferred to property, plant and equipment in 2010, capitalized interest expense decreased as compared with 2009, leading to an increase of approximately RMB235 million (US$35.6 million) in finance costs. In addition, we reduced our fund reserve to expedite fund turnover to reduce demand for fund and in turn our interest income was reduced by approximately RMB34 million (US$5.2 million). We also adopted low-cost notes financing by issuing and utilizing more notes, resulting in an increase of approximately RMB35 million (US$5.3 million) in the discount on interest and the handling fee during the year. Furthermore, net exchange gains for the year decreased by approximately RMB47 million (US$7.1 million) as compared with the preceding year.

 

Income Tax

 

Our income tax expense was RMB411.3 million (US$62.3 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to income tax benefit of RMB711.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the significant increase of our total profit since we achieved a turnaround from loss to profit in 2010.

 

Results of Operations

 

We incurred net profit of RMB969.1 million (US$146.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared with a net loss of RMB4,679.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to rebound of the market price of our major products, the effect of cost control measures and the increase of our production and sales volume.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2008

 

Revenues

 

Our revenues decreased by 8.4% from RMB76,728.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB70,268.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the price of our products. Our average selling prices of alumina and primary aluminum decreased by 28.4% and 19.7%, respectively, in 2009 from the prior year. The significant decrease in the average price of our products reflects the effect of the global financial crisis, particularly from the fourth quarter of 2008 through early 2009, which significantly reduced demand for our product from major aluminum consuming industries such as the automobile, transportation and construction industries. The decrease in revenues was partially offset by the increase in the external sales volumes of alumina and primary aluminum, reflecting the increased demand for these products as the global economy started to recover in the second half of 2009.

 

49


 

Cost of Sales

 

Our cost of sales decreased by 2.7% from RMB70,960.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB69,079.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the prices of certain raw materials and production input such as bauxite, alumina, fuel and electricity that reduced our per unit cost and the implementation of our cost reduction efforts, including our efforts to reduce energy consumption. The decrease in cost of sales was partially offset by the increase in the sales volume in our alumina and primary aluminum segments. Our gross profit margin decreased from 6.3% for the year ended December 31, 2008 to 1.7% for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the relatively larger decrease of our average selling price than the decrease of the prices of raw materials.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

Our general and administrative expenses increased by 17.9% from RMB2,507.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB2,956.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the addition of early retirement benefits and severance compensation that we paid in connection with the implementation of early retirement schemes and employment reduction plans adopted in 2009 at a number of branches and subsidiaries.

 

Selling and Distribution Expenses

 

Our selling and distribution expenses decreased by 19.1% from RMB1,562.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB1,264.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the transportation, loading and packaging expenses as a result of our efforts to optimize logistics management and allocate production among our production sites to minimize delivery costs.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Our research and development expenses increased slightly from RMB177.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB177.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Impairment Charge/write-off of Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Our impairment charge/write-off of property, plant and equipment increased significantly from RMB1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB623.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due the selective retirement of certain property, plant and equipment resulting in an impairment loss of RMB624 million. As part of our ongoing effort to optimize operations, we have discontinued the use of certain production equipment and reduced the carrying amount of these pieces of equipment to our estimated net proceeds, or recoverable amount, from their disposal.

 

Other Income

 

Other income increased by 49.9% from RMB100.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB151.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to an increase in government grants. In 2009, we received government grants of RMB151 million in the form of subsidies for electricity costs, our environmental protection projects and research and development efforts, whereas in 2008 we received government grants of RMB101 million.

 

Other Gains, Net

 

Our net other gains increased from RMB212.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB403.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to an increase in realized/unrealized gain on futures and option contracts of RMB167.6 million.

 

Operating Loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we incurred operating loss of RMB3,279.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with an operating profit of RMB1,832.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Finance Costs, Net

 

Our net finance cost increased by 25.0% from RMB1,709.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB2,137.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to increase in interest expenses as the result of the increase in our bank loans and other borrowings, partially offset by the decrease in our effective interest rate.

 

50


 

Income Tax Benefit

 

Our income tax benefit increased significantly from RMB34.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB711.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to our recognition of deferred income tax assets corresponding to the taxable losses for 2009. The deferred income tax assets are expected to be realized in future utilization periods.

 

Results of Operations

 

We incurred net loss of RMB4,679.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with a net profit of RMB168.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Discussion of Segment Operations

 

We account for our operations on a segmental basis, that is, separately prepare the accounting for our alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication and trading segments as well as other segment operations. Unless otherwise indicated, also included in these segments are other revenues derived from activities such as supplying electricity, gas, heat and water to affiliates, selling scrap and other materials and providing services including transportation and research and development to third parties. For additional data and information relating to our business segments and segment presentation, see Note 6 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

The following table sets forth a breakdown of our revenues by segment and the contribution of external sales and inter-segment sales for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

 

After

 

 

 

Elimination of

 

 

Before Elimination

Inter-segment

 

 

of Inter-segment Sales

Sales

 

 



 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restated

Restated

2010

2010

2010

2010

 

 







 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

%

%

 

 







 

 

(in millions, except percentages)

 

 


 

 

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alumina:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External sales

 

10,689.0

5,734.1

2,148.3

325.5

1.2

1.8

Inter-segment sales

 

16,622.2

12,555.4

24,689.6

3,740.8

13.6

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

27,311.2

18,289.5

26,837.9

4,066.3

14.8

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Primary aluminum:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External sales

 

27,970.8

26,267.7

26,407.3

4,001.1

14.6

21.8

Inter-Segment sales

 

23,302.3

16,463.5

26,847.7

4,067.8

14.8

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

51,273.1

42,731.2

53,255.0

8,068.9

29.4

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aluminum fabrication:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External sales

 

9,744.5

6,040.4

10,315.3

1,562.9

5.7

8.5

Inter-Segment sales

 

740.9

1,062.2

150.7

22.9

0.1

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

10,485.4

7,102.6

10,466.0

1,585.8

5.8

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trading

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External sales

 

27,718.7

31,939.7

81,982.2

12,421.6

45.3

67.8

Inter-Segment sales

 

9,328.3

6,511.6

8,159.2

1,236.2

4.5

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

37,047.0

38,451.3

90,141.4

13,657.8

49.8

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate and others

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

External sales

 

605.1

286.1

141.7

21.4

<0.1

0.1

Inter-Segment sales

 

-

-

48.6

7.4

<0.1

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

605.1

286.1

190.3

28.8

0.2

 

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Revenues before

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Inter-segment eliminations

 

126,721.8

106,860.7

180,890.6

27,407.6

100.0

 

Eliminations of inter-segment sales

 

(49,993.7)

(36,592.7)

(59,895.8)

(9,075.1)

 

 

 

 





 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated total revenues

 

76,728.1

70,268.0

120,994.8

18,332.5

 

100.0

 

 





 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The following table sets forth segment results by segment for the periods indicated:

 

51


 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

 

 

 

 

Restated

Restated

2010

2010

 

 





 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

 

 





 

 

(in millions)

 

 


 

 

 

Alumina:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

27,311.2

18,289.5

26,837.9

4,066.3

Cost and expenses(1)

 

26,800.0

21,185.1

25,760.8

3,903.1

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Segment results(2)

 

511.2

(2,895.6)

1,077.1

163.2

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Primary aluminum:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

51,273.1

42,731.2

53,255.0

8,068.9

Cost and expenses(1)

 

50,658.6

44,157.7

52,896.2

8,014.5

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Segment results(2)

 

614.5

(1,426.5)

358.8

54.4

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Aluminum Fabrication:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

10,485.4

7,102.6

10,466.0

1,585.8

Cost and expenses(1)

 

11,097.4

8,000.5

10,789.6

1,634.8

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Segment results(2)

 

(612.0)

(897.9)

(323.6)

(49.0)

 

 





           

Trading

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

37,047.0

38,451.3

90,141.4

13,657.8

Cost and expenses (1)

 

37,222.6

37,818.8

89,280.8

13,527.4

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Segment results(2)

 

(175.6)

632.5

860.6

130.4

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate and others

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

605.1

286.1

190.3

28.8

Cost and expenses (1)

 

1,075.0

975.3

680.6

103.1

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Segment results(2)

 

(469.9)

(689.2)

(490.3)

(74.3)

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Elimination(3)

 

266.3

(113.9)

(102.2)

(15.5)

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

Total profit/(loss)

 

 

 

 

 

   before income tax

 

134.5

(5,390.6)

1,380.4

209.2

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Consist of cost of sales, operating expenses, other incomes, other gains, finance income, finance costs and others attributable to each segment.

 

 

(2)

Segment results refer to profit/(loss) before income tax.

 

 

(3)

Elimination refers to the aggregate inter-segment eliminations of segment results of each segment.

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Alumina Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the alumina segment increased by 46.7% from RMB18,289.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB26,837.9 million (US$4,066.3 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to increase in the selling prices and the sales volume of alumina manufactured by us.

 

Revenues from external sales of alumina segment decreased by 62.5% from RMB5,734.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB2,148.3 million (US$325.5 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily because the alumina refineries significantly decreased the direct sales to the external customers and increased the volume sold through Chalco Trading as a result of the sales channel integration.

 

Revenues from inter-segment sales of alumina segment increased by 96.6% from RMB12,555.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB24,689.6 million (US$3,740.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the significant increased sales volume of alumina manufactured by us through Chalco Trading.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our alumina segment increased by 21.6% from RMB21,185.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB25,760.8 million (US$3,903.1 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the price of raw materials and sales volume of alumina manufactured by us.

 

52


 

Segment Results. Our alumina segment incurred an profit before income tax of RMB1,077.1 million (US$163.2 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared with the loss before income tax of RMB2,895.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Primary Aluminum Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the primary aluminum segment increased by 24.6% from RMB42,731.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB53,255.0 million (US$8,068.9 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the selling prices and the sales volume of primary aluminum manufactured by us.

 

Revenues from external sales of the primary aluminum segment slightly increased by 0.5% from RMB26,267.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB26,407.3 million (US$4,001.1 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the selling price of primary aluminum manufactured by us. Our average selling price of primary aluminum increased by 14.4% in 2010 from 2009. However, the primary aluminum smelters significantly decrease direct sales to external customers because of the sales channel integration, whick offset the effect of increased selling price of primary aluminum.

 

Revenues from inter-segment sales of primary aluminum segment increased by 63.1% from RMB16,463.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB26,847.7 million (US$4,067.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the significant increased sales volume of primary aluminum manufactured by us through Chalco Trading.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our primary aluminum segment increased by 19.8% from RMB44,157.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB52,896.2 million (US$8,014.5 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the price of raw materials, the electric power cost and sales volume of primary aluminum manufactured by us.

 

Segment Results. The profit before income tax of our primary aluminum segment was RMB358.8 million (US$54.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to the loss before income tax of RMB1,426.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Aluminum Fabrication Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the aluminum fabrication segment increased by 47.4% from RMB7,102.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB10,466.0 million (US$1,585.8 million) for the year ended December 31 2010, primarily due to increase in the selling prices and sales volume of various aluminum fabrication products manufactured by us.

 

Revenues from external sales of the aluminum fabrication segment increased by 70.8% from RMB6,040.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB10,315.3 million (US$1,562.9 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in selling price of various aluminum fabrication products and sales volume directly from the aluminum fabrication plants.

 

Revenues from inter-segment sales of aluminium fabrication decreased by 85.8% from RMB1,062.2 million for year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB150.7 million (US$22.9 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the significantly decreased sales volume of self-produced aluminum fabrication products through Chalco Trading. We believe individual sales by each of our own aluminum fabrication plants are more efficient than integrated sales through Chalco Trading as specific aluminum fabrication products are tailored for specific customers.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our aluminum fabrication segment increased by 34.9% from RMB8,000.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB10,789.6 million (US$1,634.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the price of raw materials and sales volume of aluminum fabrication products manufactured by us.

 

Segment Results. The total loss before income tax of our aluminum fabrication segment decreased by 64.0% from RMB897.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB323.6 million (US$49.0 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Trading Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the trading segment increased by 134.4% from RMB38,451.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB90,141.4 million (US$13,657.8 million) for the year ended December 31 2010, primarily due to increase in average selling price and sales volume of self-produced alumina and primary aluminum through Chalco Trading, and increase in trading volume of non-ferrous metal products purchased from external manufacturers.

 

Revenues from external sales of the trading segment increased by 156.7% from RMB31,939.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB81,982.2 million (US$12,421.6 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to increase in average selling price and sales volume of self-produced alumina and primary aluminum through Chalco Trading and increase in trading volume of non-ferrous metal products. Our average selling price of alumina and primary aluminum increased by 21.9% and 14.4%, respectively, in 2010 from 2009.

 

53


 

Revenues from inter-segment sales of the trading segment increased by 25.3% from RMB6.511.5 million for year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB8,159.2 million (US$1,236.2 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in price of raw and ancillary materials and alumina sold to our own plants.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our trading segment increased 136.1% from RMB37,818.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB89,280.8 million (US$13,527.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase in the price and volume of major aluminum and other non-ferrous metal products procured and sold through Chalco Trading.

 

Segment Results. The total profit before income tax of our trading segment increased by 36.1% from RMB632.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB860.6 million (US$130.4 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2008

 

Alumina Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the alumina segment decreased by 33.0% from RMB27,311.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB18,289.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to decrease in the price of alumina in 2009.

 

Revenues from external sales in the alumina segment decreased by 46.4% from RMB10,689.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB5,734.1 million for year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the selling price of alumina.

 

Revenues from internal sales of alumina to our smelters decreased by 24.5% from RMB16,622.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB12,555.4 million for year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to a decrease in the selling price of internal sales of alumina as a result of increased competition and challenging market conditions.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our alumina segment decreased by 21.0% from RMB26,800.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB21,185.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, due to the decrease in the prices of raw materials and the implementation of our cost reduction measures, including our efforts to reduce energy consumption.

 

Segment Results. Our alumina segment incurred a loss before income tax of RMB2,895.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with an operating profit of RMB511.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Primary Aluminum Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the primary aluminum segment decreased by 16.7% from RMB51,273.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB42,731.2 million for year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the selling price of primary aluminum.

 

Revenues from external sales of the primary aluminum segment decreased by 6.1% from RMB27,970.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB26,267.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the selling price of primary aluminum.

 

Revenues from internal sales of primary aluminum to our aluminum fabrication plants decreased by 29.3% from RMB23,302.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB16,463.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in the selling price of primary aluminum.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our primary aluminum segment decreased by 12.8% from RMB50,658.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB44,157.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 due to the decrease in the prices of raw materials and the implementation of our cost reduction measures, including our efforts to reduce energy consumption. Our decrease in cost of sales was partly offset by the increase in our volume of external sales.

 

Segment Results. Our primary aluminium segment incurred a loss before income tax of RMB1,426.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with an operating profit of RMB614.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Aluminum Fabrication Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the aluminum fabrication segment decreased by 32.3% from RMB10,485.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB7,102.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in demand from end-user markets.

 

Revenues from external sales of the aluminum fabrication segment decreased by 38.0% from RMB9,744.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB6,040.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease of the overall demand from end-users and the allocation from direct sales to integrated sales of aluminum fabrication products in late 2009.

 

54


 

Revenues from inter-segment sales of aluminium fabrication increased by 43.4% from RMB740.9 million for year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB1,062.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily because we determined to integrate sales channel of aluminium fabrication products by increased sales of aluminum fabrication products through Chalco Trading in late 2009.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our aluminum fabrication segment decreased by 27.9% from RMB11,097.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB8,000.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 due to the decrease in the prices of raw materials and the implementation of our cost reduction measures, including our efforts to reduce energy consumption.

 

Segment Results. The total loss before income tax of our aluminum fabrication segment increased by 46.7% from RMB612.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB897.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Trading Segment

 

Revenues. Total revenues generated by the trading segment increased by 3.8% from RMB37,047.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB38,451.3 million for the year ended December 31 2009, primarily due to the increase in external sales of trading segment, which is partially offset by the decrease in the inter-segment sales of trading segment.

 

Revenues from external sales of the trading segment increased by 15.2% from RMB27,718.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB31,939.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily because commencing in late 2009, we increased sales of products manufactured by us through Chalco Trading and engaged Chalco Trading in substantial trading of outsourced non-ferrous metal production through Chalco Trading.

 

Revenues from internal sales of the trading segment decreased by 30.2% from RMB9,328.3 million for year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB6,511.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the decrease in price of alumina as well as raw and ancillary materials procured for our own plants.

 

Cost and expenses. The total cost and expenses for our trading segment increased by 1.6% from RMB37,222.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB37,818.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, due to the increased sales volume of non-ferrous metal products commencing in late 2009.

 

Segment Results. Our trading segment incurred an operating profit before income tax of RMB632.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with an operating loss of RMB175.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Historically, our primary sources of funding have been cash generated from operating activities, prepayments and deposits from customers, short-term, medium-term and long-term borrowings and proceeds from equity or debt offerings. Our primary uses of funds have been working capital for production, capital expenditures and repayments of short-term, medium-term and long-term borrowings.

 

Our current assets amounted to RMB41,324.5 million (US$6,261.3 million) as of December 31, 2010, representing an increase of 13.7% from RMB36,333.9 million as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to increase in cash and cash equivalents, inventories as well as other current assets. As of December 31, 2010, our bank balances and cash amounted to RMB9,495.6 million (US$1,438.7 million), representing an increase of 20.8% from RMB7,858.8 million as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to an increase in cash and equivalents.As of December 31, 2010, our inventories amounted to RMB21,780.0 million (US$3,300.0 million), representing an increase of 6.6% from RMB20,423.2 million as of December 31, 2009, primarily due to the increase of our reserve of raw materials and fuels and the increase of the prices of such raw materials. As of December 31, 2010, our other current assets amounted to RMB6,140.0 million (US$930.3 million), representing an increase of 26.6% from RMB4,848.7 million as of December 31, 2009.

 

As of December 31, 2010, our current liabilities amounted to RMB55,733.5 million (US$8,444.5 million), representing a 39.2% increase from RMB40,029.9 million as of December 31, 2009. Our current liabilities increased primarily due to the issuance of short-term financing bonds in the amount of RMB10,700 million (US$1,621.2 million) during the period and the expiration of the three-year medium-term notes in the amount of RMB5,000 million (US$757.6 million) issued in June 2008 within one year.

 

As of December 31, 2010, we had net current liabilities of RMB14,409.0 million (US$2,183.2 million) as compared with our net current liabilities of RMB3,696.0 million as of December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, our current ratio (current assets/current liabilities) was 0.74, representing a decrease of 0.17 as compared with 0.91 as of December 31, 2009. Our quick ratio ((current assets - inventories)/current liabilities) was 0.35 as of December 31, 2010, representing a decrease of 0.05 as compared with 0.40 as of December 31, 2009.

 

55


 

During the past years, we engaged in debt financing to fund our operations and business expansion. In June 2007, we issued long-term corporate bonds with maturity of ten years in the principal amount of RMB2 billion. The fixed annual coupon and effective rates of these bonds are 4.50% and 4.64%, respectively. In June 2008, we issued medium-term notes in the principal amount of RMB5 billion with three-year terms for operating cash flows and capital expenditures. The fixed annual coupon and effective interest rates of these notes are 5.30% and 5.62%, respectively. In October 2008, we issued medium-term notes with a total face value of RMB5 billion at par (face value of RMB100 per unit) with five-year terms for operating cash flows and capital expenditures. The fixed annual coupon and effective interest rates of these notes are 4.58% and 4.92%, respectively. In July and August 2010, we issued the first and second tranches of medium-term notes, respectively, each with a face value of RMB1 billion (US$0.2 billion) at par with five-year term to replenish capital expenditure purposes, operating cash flows and bank loans re-financing. The effective interest rates of the first and second tranches of the notes are 4.34% and 4.20%, respectively. In March and June 2010, we issued the first and second tranches of short-term bills, respectively, each with a face value of RMB 5 billion (US$0.8 billion) at par (face value of RMB100 per unit) with one-year term to replenish general working capital and bank loan swap. The effective interest rates of the first and second tranches of the bills are 3.04% and 3.17%, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2010, our gearing ratio (net debts/total capital as defined in Note 3.3 to our audited consolidated financial statements) was approximately 59.1% as compared with approximately 58.3% as of December 31, 2009.

 

Our ability to obtain additional external financing in the future and the cost of such financing are subject to a variety of uncertainties, including:

 

*

obtaining PRC government approvals required to access domestic or international financing or to undertake any project involving significant capital investment, which may include one or more approvals from the NDRC, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the Ministry of Commerce and the CSRC depending on the circumstances;

 

 

*

our future operating performance, financial condition and cash flows;

 

 

*

the cost of financing and the condition of financial markets; and

 

 

*

potential changes in monetary policy of the PRC government with respect to bank interest rates and lending practices.

 

 

If we fail to rollover, extend or refinance our short-term debts as necessary in a timely manner, we may be unable to meet our obligations in connection with debt servicing, trade and notes payable and/or other liabilities when they become due.

 

In light of our good credit standing and various domestic and overseas financing channels, we believe that we will not experience any difficulty financing capital investments. Our capital expenditures and external investments have historically been mainly financed by cash generated from operating activities, long-term and medium-term borrowings and equity offerings. As of December 31, 2010, our current liabilities exceeded our current assets by approximately RMB14,409 million (US$2,183 million). The Board has considered our available sources of funds as follows:

 

*

Our expected net cash inflow from operating activities in 2011;

 

 

*

Unutilized banking facilities of approximately RMB50,007 million (US$330,046 million) as of December 31, 2010, of which amounts totaling RMB32,692 million (US$4,953 million) are subject to renewal during the next 12 months from the date our financial statements were approved; and

 

 

*

Other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions given our credit history.

 

 

In addition, we will continue to optimize its fund raising strategy from short, medium and long-term perspectives and to seize the opportunity in the capital markets to take advantage of low interest rates by issuing medium to long-term debts with low financing cost.

 

The Board believe that we has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future not less than 12 months from the date these financial statements were approved. The Board therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements.

 

Cash Flows and Working Capital

 

Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2010 amounted to RMB8,982.7 million (US$1,361.0 million), including Renminbi balances and foreign currency deposits of HK dollar, U.S. dollar, Euro and Australian dollar, which translates respectively to RMB31.1 million, RMB303.3 million, RMB3.0 million and RMB103.6 million. The following table sets forth a condensed summary of our statement of cash flows for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

56


 

Net cash generated from/(used in)

 

 

 

 

   operating activities

 

5,024.0

(705.9)

7,103.9

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(22,207.5)

(9,477.2)

(8,260.3)

Net cash generated from financing activities

 

24,370.4

1,576.7

2,717.5

Net increase/(decrease) in cash

 

 

 

 

   and cash equivalents

 

7,186.9

(8,606.4)

1,561.1

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Net Cash Generated from/(used in) Operating Activities

 

For the year ended December 31, 2010, we had a cash inflow before changes in working capital but after adjustments for non-cash items and non-operating cash outflow of RMB9,763.2 million (US$1,479.3 million) and net cash generated from operating activities of RMB7,103.9 million (US$1,076.3 million). Net cash flow generated from operating activities consisted primarily of our profit before tax of RMB1,380.4 million (US$209.2 million), an outflow of RMB2,358.9 million (US$357.4 million) for changes in working capital and income tax of RMB300.5 million (US$45.5 million). The outflow from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) increase in inventories of RMB1,356.8 million (US$205.6 million) and (ii) increase in other current assets of RMB515.6 million (US$78.1 million), slightly offset by decrease in other non-current assets and increase in trade and notes payable.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2009, we had a cash inflow before changes in working capital but after adjustments for non-cash items and non-operating cash outflow of RMB3,136.2 million and net cash used in operating activities of RMB705.9 million. Net cash used in operating activities primarily reflected our loss before income tax of RMB5,390.6 million, an outflow of RMB3,640.7 million for changes in working capital and income taxes of RMB201.4 million. The cash outflow from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) decrease in other payables and accrued expenses of RMB2,967.6 million and (ii) increase in trade and notes receivable of RMB1,342.4 million, primarily due to an increase in sales on credit, partly offset by increase in trade and notes payable of RMB1,585.9 million, which also reflected an increase in production activities as demand for our product started to recover in the second quarter 2009.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2008, we had a cash inflow before changes in working capital but after adjustments for non-cash items and non-operating cash outflow of RMB7,263.7 million and net cash generated from operating activities of RMB5,024.0 million. Net cash flow generated from operating activities consisted primarily of our profit before tax of RMB134.5 million, an outflow of RMB731.1 million for changes in working capital and income tax of 1,508.6 million. The outflow from changes in working capital consisted primarily of (i) increase in inventories of RMB3,856.9 million and (ii) increase in other current assets of RMB1,303.4 million, partly offset by (i) increase in other payables and accrued expenses of RMB3,134.7 million and (ii) decrease in trade and notes receivable of RMB2,023.5 million.

 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

 

Net cash used in investing activities decreased by 12.8% from RMB9,477.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB8,260.3 million (US$1,251.6 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase of cash inflow related to investments and government grants received, and the decrease in purchases of property, plant and equipment. Our net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of (i) purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB8,325.9 million (US$1,261.5 million) and (ii) deposit for investment projects of RMB849.8 million (US$128.8 million) and (iii) capital injection to associates of RMB748.7 million (US$113.4 million).

 

Net cash flow used in investing activities decreased by 57.3% from RMB22,207.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB9,477.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily because we selectively slowed down a number of projects. Net cash used in investing activities in 2009 consisted primarily of (i) purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB9,597.3 million and (ii) purchase of land use rights and leasehold land of RMB260.7 million, partially offset by net cash inflow from settlement of futures contracts of RMB458.0 million.

 

Net cash used in investing activities was RMB22,207.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, consisting primarily of (i) purchase of property, plant and equipment of RMB16,791.5 million and (ii) payments of consideration for acquisitions of subsidiaries net of cash acquired of RMB4,610.6 million, partially offset by proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment of RMB23.3 million.

 

Net Cash Generated from Financing Activities

 

Net cash generated from financing activities increased from RMB1,576.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to RMB2,717.5 million (US$411.8 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to the increase of external debt financing during the year. Our net cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2010 consisted primarily of drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB34,141.5million (US$5,173.0 million), partially offset by repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB41,195.1 million (US$6,241.7 million).

 

57


 

Net cash generated from financing activities decreased significantly from RMB24,370.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 to RMB1,576.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily because we did not issue short-term or long-term bonds in 2009. Our net cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2009 consisted primarily of drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB38,057.5 million, partially offset by (i) repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB27,644.3 million and (ii) repayments of short-term bonds of RMB5,000.0 million.

 

Net cash generated from financing activities was RMB24,370.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, consisting primarily of (i) drawdown of short-term and long-term loans of RMB32,401.4 million and (ii) issuance of short-term and long-term bonds of RMB15,000.0 million, partially offset by (i) repayments of short-term and long-term loans of RMB16,049.1 million and (ii) repayments of short-term bonds of RMB3,000.0 million.

 

Borrowings and Banking Facilities

 

Our net borrowings were as follows as of December 31, 2009 and 2010:

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 


 

 

2009

2010

2010

 

 




 

 

RMB

RMB

US$

 

 

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

 

25,819.8

41,719.9

6,321.2

   Short-term bank loans

 

22,993.3

20,589.7

3,119.6

   Short-term bonds

 

-

10,871.9

1,647.3

   Current portion of long-term borrowings

 

2,826.5

10,258.3

1,554.3

Long-term borrowings

 

37,804.5

27,723.9

4,200.6

   Long-term bank and other loans

 

28,725.8

24,072.2

3,647.3

   Medium-term notes and

 

 

 

 

      long-term bonds

 

11,905.2

13,910.0

2,107.6

   Less: Current portion of

 

 

 

 

      long-term borrowings

 

(2,826.5)

(10,258.3)

(1,554.3)

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Total borrowings

 

63,624.3

69,443.8

10,521.8

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

   Less: Bank balances and cash

 

(7,858.8)

(9,495.6)

(1,438.7)

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Net

 

55,765.5

59,948.2

9,083.1

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

The aggregate maturities of our outstanding long-term borrowings (including long-term loans, medium-term notes and long-term bonds) as of December 31, 2010 were as follows:

 

 

 

Principal Outstanding as of

Maturity Date

 

December 31, 2010

 

 


 

 

RMB

US$

 

 



 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

2011

 

10,264.5

1,555.2

2012

 

3,624.5

549.2

2013

 

9,722.7

1,473.1

2014

 

4,375.8

663.0

2015

 

4,358.7

660.4

After 2015

 

5,726.0

867.6

 

 



 

 

 

 

Total

 

38,072.2

5,768.5

 

 



 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010, we had certain foreign currency denominated loans with principal of RMB50 million (US$7.6 million) in Japanese Yen and RMB938 million (US$142 million) in U.S. dollars. In addition, our foreign currency denominated short-term bank deposits amounted to RMB441.0 million (US$66.8 million), of which RMB303.3 million (US$45.9 million) was denominated in U.S. dollars, RMB103.6 million (US$15.7 million) was denominated in Australian dollars, RMB31.1 million (US$4.7 million) was denominated in HK dollars and RMB3.0 million (US$0.5 million) was denominated in Euros. See "Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk - Foreign Exchange Rate Risk" for details of interest rate structure disclosure of the borrowings above.

 

As of December 31, 2010, we had secured loans of RMB920.4 million (US$139.5 million) (including long-term and short-term loans) and we, on a stand-alone basis, provided guarantees in respect of RMB1,020.0 million (US$154.5 million) of long-term loans for our subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2010, Chinalco guaranteed RMB1,581.3 million (US$239.6 million) of our long-term bank loans and RMB1,225.0 (US$185.6) of our short-term bank loans.

 

58


 

As of December 31, 2010, we had total banking facilities of RMB96,706 million (US$14,652.4 million). Out of the total banking facilities granted, amounts totaling RMB46,699 million (US$7,075.6 million) had been utilized as of December 31, 2010. Approximately RMB68,463 million (US$10,373.2 million) in bank facilities are subject to renewals in 2011. We believe that we will be able to renew these facilities when they expire. In addition, as of December 31, 2010, we had credit facilities through our primary aluminum futures agent at the LME amounting to RMB708.6 million (US$107.4 million), of which less than RMB99.1 million (US$15.0 million) had been utilized. The futures agent has the right to adjust the related credit facilities. As of December 31, 2010, we had total bank balances and cash of RMB9,495.6 million, equivalent to US$1,438.7 million.

 

Restriction on Cash Dividends

 

Our PRC subsidiaries are required to set aside a certain amount of their retained profits each year, if any, to fund certain statutory reserves and these reserves may not be distributed as cash dividends. In addition, when our subsidiaries incur debts on their own behalf, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Our directors are of the view that we will continue to be able to meet our borrowing payment obligations as they fall due from cash generated from our operating activities.

 

Foreign Exchange

 

We conduct our business primarily in Renminbi, which is also our functional and reporting currency. We convert a portion of our Renminbi revenues into other currencies to meet foreign currency financial obligations and to pay for imported equipment and materials. Under current foreign currency regulations in China, to meet these needs, we are permitted to convert Renminbi into the necessary foreign currencies at authorized banks based on a presentation of the relevant contracts. We may also borrow foreign currency loans from such banks for these purposes. To the extent that we need to obtain foreign currency funding for capital projects as defined under foreign exchange regulations, we would be required to obtain approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. Transactions in foreign exchange are translated at exchange rates prevailing at the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities expressed in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences arising in these cases are recognized as income or expense in the statement of comprehensive income.

 

Renminbi is not a freely convertible currency. The restrictions on foreign exchange imposed by the PRC government may affect current and future exchange rates. We believe that we are able to obtain sufficient foreign exchanges to fulfill the above-mentioned obligations. In addition, our foreign currency denominated short-term bank deposits amounted to RMB441.0 million (US$66.8 million), of which RMB303.3 million (US$45.9 million) was denominated in U.S. dollars, RMB103.6 million (US$15.7 million) was denominated in Australian dollars, RMB31.1 million (US$4.7 million) was denominated in HK dollars and RMB3.0 million (US$0.5 million) was denominated in Euros. Most of our sales are domestic and, as such, we have a limited amount of foreign currency denominated trade and notes receivable. See "Item 11. - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks - Foreign Exchange Rate Risk". Our sources of foreign currency include payments from export sales. We do not anticipate that we will incur significant additional foreign currency debts in the near future.

 

We have been, and will continue to be, affected by changes in exchange rates in connection with our ability to meet our foreign currency obligations and will be affected by such changes in connection with our ability to pay dividends in HK dollars on our H Shares and in U.S. dollars on our ADSs. As of December 31, 2010, we maintained bank balances of US$45.8 million, HK$36.6million, AUD15.4 million and EUR0.3 million or the aggregate equivalent of approximately RMB441.0 million (US$66.8 million) to satisfy our foreign currency obligations and pay dividends to our overseas shareholders. We believe that we will be able to obtain sufficient foreign exchange to continue satisfying these obligations.

 

Contractual obligations

 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

Payment due by period

 

 


 

 

Total

2011

2012-2013

2014-2015

Thereafter

 

 






 

 

(RMB in millions)

 

 

 

Long-term debts

 

24,072.2

5,264.5

8,347.2

6,734.5

3,726.0

Medium-term notes

 

12,000.0

5,000.0

5,000.0

2,000.0

-

Long-term bonds

 

2,000.0

-

-

-

2,000.0

Interest payments

 

6,451.3

2,599.1

2,416.7

1,063.4

372.1

Operating leases

 

22,163.3

626.2

1,243.5

1,241.0

19,052.6

Capital commitments

 

 

 

 

 

 

   for property, plant

 

 

 

 

 

 

   and equipment

 

4,612.0

4,612.0

-

-

-

Commitments for

 

 

 

 

 

 

   capital contribution

 

262.0

262.0

-

-

-

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

71,560.8

18,363.8

17,007.4

11,038.9

25,150.7

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

59


 

Capital Expenditures and Capital Commitments

 

The following table sets forth our capital expenditures by operating segment for the years ended 2008, 2009 and 2010, and the capital expenditures of each segment as a percentage of our total capital expenditures for the periods indicated.

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

%

 

 







 

 

(in millions, except percentages)

 

 

 

Alumina

 

9,713.2

43.4

5,460.7

52.4

4,194.4

48.1

Primary aluminum

 

10,765.4

48.1

2,804.1

26.9

3,385.1

38.8

Aluminum fabrication

 

1,780.7

7.9

2,055.1

19.7

1,043.1

12.0

Trading

 

4.1

<0.1

2.2

<0.1

15.1

0.2

Corporate and others

 

138.9

0.6

102.8

1.0

79.6

0.9

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

22,402.3

100.0

10,424.9

100.0

8,717.3

100.0

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In 2010, we spent approximately RMB8,717.3 million (US$1,320.8 million) of our capital expenditures primarily on expanding alumina and aluminum production capacity, the implementation of measures to conserve energy and reduce consumption, the construction of mines and research and development.

 

Our capital expansion plan for 2011 requires a total of approximately RMB22.6 billion (US$3.4 billion) in capital expenditures for technology upgrading and expansion projects to increase our annual production capacity. Our capacity expansion plan reflects our focus on vertically integrating our production chain, which consists of bauxite mining, alumina refining, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication, to take advantage of our market position in China. In addition, we continually evaluate acquisition and joint venture opportunities for opportunities that are in our and our shareholders' interests. We expect production capacity for alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products will reach approximately 13.1 million tonnes, 4.4 million tonnes and 1.7 million tonnes, respectively, by the end of 2011.

 

As of December 31, 2010, our capital commitment for investment in property, plant and equipment amounted to RMB33,487.2 million (US$5,073.8 million), of which those contracted but not provided for amounted to RMB4,612.0 million (US$698.8 million) and those authorized but not contracted for amounted to RMB28,875.2 million (US$4,375.0 million).

 

In April 2006, we entered into an investment agreement with Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Zunyi Alumina in which the Company holds 67% equity interest. As of December 31, 2010, we had injected a total of RMB861 million and is obliged to inject an additional RMB101 million under the revised agreement which is expected to be completed in 2011.

 

In May 2010, we entered into an investment agreement with Xiaoyi Mining Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Shanxi Huayi Mining Co., Ltd. with registered capital amounting to RMB80 million. We are obliged to inject cash amounting to RMB41 million and holds 51% equity interest of the investee under the agreement. As of December 31, 2010, we had injected a total of RMB8 million and is obliged to inject an additional RMB33 million.

 

In December 2010, we entered into an investment agreement with Guizhou Industrial Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Enyuan Industry Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Guizhou Chalco Aluminum Co., Ltd. with registered capital amounting to RMB320 million. The Company is obliged to inject capital amounting to RMB128 million including equipment amounting to RMB45 million and cash amounting to RMB83 million, and holds 40% equity interest of the investee under the agreement. As of December 31, 2010, we did not inject any capital.

 

We expect to use operating cash flow in meeting such commitments with the shortfall to be satisfied by bank loans, short-term, long-term bonds and medium-term notes.

 

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

 

Our department of science and technology management coordinates the research and development efforts undertaken at our Research Institute and technology centers at our plants. The Research Institute, the only organization in China dedicated to aluminum smelting research, is responsible for the research and development of technologies for our operations. The technology centers at our plants focus on providing engineering solutions and applying our developed technologies. Each of the plants also conducts operational testing and pilot experimentation relating to various research and development topics. Although we collaborate with universities and other research institutions in China on some of our projects, we generally do not outsource our research and development.

 

Our total expenditure for research and development was approximately RMB177.5 million, RMB177.8 million and RMB164.2 million (US$24.9 million) for 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.

 

60


 

D. TREND INFORMATION

 

In 2010, China's GDP growth rate was 10.3%. Due to the global economic recovery, global demand for aluminum products continued to increase in 2010. We expect global demand for and market prices of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products to increase in 2011. However, we will continue to face challenges in 2011, such as:

 

*

continued volatility in demand for alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products;

 

 

*

an increase in production costs resulting from increases in the prices of raw materials, fuel and electricity;

 

 

*

increased international competition resulting in part from the cancellation of import tariffs in 2008; and

 

 

*

intensifying domestic competition and growing production capacity of domestic alumina and primacy alumina producers.

 

 

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 

A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

 

Directors

 

The fourth session of our Board currently consists of eight directors, including three executive directors, two non-executive director and three independent non-executive directors. In accordance with our Articles of Association, our affairs are managed by our Board. The business address of each of our directors is No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100082.

 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our Board in reliance on the exemption provided under Section 303A.00 of the NYSE Corporate Governance Rules available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require a majority of directors of a listed company to be independent directors. As such, the majority of our directors are not independent within the meaning of NYSE Corporate Governance Rules.

 

The table and discussion below set forth information concerning our directors who served on our Board during the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company




 

 

 

Executive Directors

 

 

Xiong Weiping

54

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Luo Jianchuan

47

Director and President

Chen Jihua (1)

43

Director, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Liu Xiangmin

48

Director and Vice President

Non-executive Directors

 

 

Lv Youqing(2)

47

Non-executive Director

Shi Chungui

70

Non-executive Director

Independent Non-executive Directors

 

 

Kang Yi (3)

70

Independent Director

Zhang Zhuoyuan

77

Independent Director

Wang Mengkui

72

Independent Director

Zhu Demiao

46

Independent Director

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Mr. Chen Jihua resigned from his positions as executive director of the Board, vice president and chief financial officer on October 28, 2010 for personal reasons with the resignation taking effect upon the same day. Mr. Chen Jihua's resignation was not the result of any disagreement with us. At the board meeting held on February 23, 2011, the Board resolved to appoint Mr. Liu Caiming as senior vice president, chief financial officer and a member of executive committee of the Company and resolved to nominate Mr. Liu Caiming as an candidate for executive director of the 4th session of the Board subject to approval at the forthcoming annual general meeting.

 

 

(2)

Mr. Lv Youqing was appointed to the Board at the annual general meeting of the Company held on June 22, 2010.

 

 

(3)

Mr. Kang Yi's term of as independent director expired upon the conclusion of the annual general meeting held on June 22, 2010. Mr. Kang Yi had been the independent non-executive director for six years and therefore, was not eligible for re-appointment under the Shanghai Listing Rules. He also resigned from his positions as chairman of the remuneration committee on June 22, 2010 with the resignation taking effect upon the same day.

 

 

Executive Directors

 

Xiong Weiping, aged 54, serves as the chairman of the Board, our chief executive officer and the general manager of Chinalco. Mr. Xiong served on our Board from 2001 to 2006 and was re-appointed to the Board in 2009. Mr. Xiong holds a doctorate degree of engineering from Central South University of Industry where he studied mining engineering. He completed his post-doctoral research in economics at the Guanghua School of Management at Peking University where he is a professor and a Ph.D tutor. He has received grants from the State Council of China and was recognized as the "Middle-aged and Youth Expert with Special Contribution to the Nation" by the former Ministry of Personnel of the PRC. He was previously the deputy secretary of Hunan Provincial Communist Youth League, a member of standing committee of the All China Youth Federation, president of Hunan Youth Union Committee and vice-chancellor and dean of the Faculty of Management and professor at the Central South University of Industry. Mr. Xiong previously served as the vice president of China Copper, Lead & Zinc Group Corporation, a vice president of Chinalco, an executive director, senior vice president and president of Chalco and the vice chairman and general manager of China National Travel Service (HK) Group Corporation (China Travel Service (Holdings) Hong Kong Limited).

 

61


 

Luo Jianchuan, aged 47, serves as an executive director on our Board, chairman of the development planning committee, vice chairman of the executive committee, and our president. He has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Luo holds a bachelor's degree in mining from Kunming University of Science and Technology and a doctorate degree from Central South University of Industry, and he is a professor-grade senior engineer. He has long engaged in corporate management of non-ferrous metals and thus has extensive professional experience and strong management skills in those fields. Mr. Luo previously served as an engineer of the Lead and Zinc Bureau of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Corporation, manager of Haikou Nanxin Industry & Commerce Corporation, assistant to general manager of Jinpeng Mining Development Corporation, deputy general manager and general manager of Beijing Xinquan Tech-trading Corporation, assistant to general manager of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Trading Group Corporation, deputy chief of the Trading Division of China Copper, Lead & Zinc Group Corporation, general manager of China Aluminum International Trading Corporation Limited, general manager of the Operations and Sales Division, vice president and senior vice president of us.

 

Chen Jihua, (resigned), aged 43, served as an executive director on our Board, our vice president and chief financial officer until his resignation on October 28, 2010. Mr. Chen had been employed by us since 2001. He holds a master's degree from Central University of Finance and Economics. He formerly served as executive manager of the International Finance Department of China Chengxin Securities Appraisal Company Limited, financial controller of Red Bull Vitamin Beverages Company Limited, regional (China) financial controller of Saudi Arabia ALJ (China) Limited, financial controller of Jitong Network Communications Company Limited, assistant to president of Chinalco and general manager of our finance department.

 

Liu Xiangmin, aged 48, serves as an executive director on our Board and our vice president and has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Liu holds a doctorate degree from Central South University of Industry where he studied non-ferrous metal science and is a professor-grade senior engineer. Mr. Liu previously served as deputy head and head of the Alumina branch of Zhongzhou Aluminum Plant, deputy head of Zhongzhou Aluminum Plant and general manager of our Zhongzhou branch.

 

Non-Executive Directors

 

Lv Youqing, age 47, serves as a non-executive director on our Board and the deputy general manager of Chinalco. He has been with us since June 2010. He graduated as a postgraduate from the Political Studies Institute, Social Science Faculty of Sichuan Province in 1989. He then later graduated from School of Economics, Sichuan University majoring in management, and obtained a Ph.D. degree in economics. He is a visiting scholar of Finance Department of New York University, and is a professor-grade senior engineer. Mr. Lv accumulated substantial practical experience in economics and enterprise management. He previously served as deputy director of Policy Reform Division, Policy Research Office of Sichuan Province, vice factory manager, deputy party secretary, factory manager and party secretary of Nanchong Gear Factory. He also served as deputy mayor of Nanchong People's Government, and a member of standing committee, deputy mayor and deputy party secretary of Luzhou's Municipal Party Committee. Mr. Lv is also a vice president of China Association of Work Safety.

 

Shi Chungui, aged 70, serves as a non-executive director on our Board and has been with us since 2005. He holds a bachelor's degree in accounting from Northeast University of Finance and Economics. Mr. Shi is a senior economist with extensive experience in finance, government and corproate management. Mr. Shi was previously the vice director of Commerce Bureau of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, deputy mayor and the standing deputy mayor of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, president of Hebei Branch of China Construction Bank, president of Beijing Branch of China Construction Bank, deputy president of the head office of China Construction Bank and deputy president of China Cinda Asset Management Corporation, vice chairman of Tianjin Pipe Co. , Ltd. and vice chairman of China Investment Society. Mr. Shi is currently an independent director of Intime Department Store (Group) Company Limited, China National Materials Company Limited and Cinda Securities Co., Ltd.

 

Independent Non-Executive Directors

 

Kang Yi, (retired), aged 70, served as an independent non-executive director on the Board since 2004 and the chairman of the remuneration committee of the Board until June 22, 2010. He is also the chairman of the China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Association. Mr. Kang holds a bachelor's degree from Central-South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy where he studied metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and is a professor-grade senior engineer. Mr. Kang previously served as the factory manager of Qingtongxia Aluminum Plant, head of the economic committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Corporation and deputy head of the State Non-ferrous Metals Industry Bureau. Mr Kang is a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the China Association for Science and Technology, the chairman of Non-ferrous Metals Society of China and an independent non-executive director of Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co., Ltd. and Baoji Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. Mr. Kang Yi did not offer himself for re-appointment upon expiry of his term of appointment on June 22, 2010 and retired from his position as independent non-executive director and a member of the remuneration committee of the Board of the Company.

 

62


 

Zhang Zhuoyuan, aged 77, has served as an independent non-executive director on the Board since 2007. Mr. Zhang graduated from the Faculty of Economics of Zhongnan University of Economics. Mr. Zhang previously served as the director, researcher and Ph.D tutor of the Institute of Finance, Trade and Economics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, chief editor of the Finance & Trade Economics, a director, researcher and Ph.D tutor at the Institute of Industrial Economics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and a director, researcher and Ph.D tutor of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He is chief editor of Economics Research Journal. Mr. Zhang is also a member of the ninth and tenth sessions of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative, a consultant of each of China Price Association and the Chinese Society for Urban Studies and a director of Chinese Society for Cost Studies and Secretary-General of Foundation of Sun Ye Fang Economics and Science. Mr. Zhang is a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and a researcher at the Institute of Economics.

 

Wang Mengkui, aged 72, has served as an independent non-executive director on the Board since 2008. Mr. Wang graduated from the School of Economics, Peking University. He is an economist engaged in long-term analysis of economic theory and policy and is currently a professor and advisor of doctor candidates of Peking University. He has published many articles on economic theory and related topics. Mr. Wang previously served as a vice head and researcher of the economic team of the research office of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, a member of the State Development and Planning Commission, executive vice director of economic research centre of the State Development and Planning Commission, the vice director and director of the research office of the State Council of China and the center director of the Development Research Center of the State Council of China. Mr. Wang also served as a member of the Tenth Standing Committee of National People's Congress and vice director of Financial and Economic Affairs Committee of National People's Congress. He is currently the chairman of the China Development Research Foundation and a committee member of the National Social Security Fund of the PRC.

 

Zhu Demiao, aged 46, has served as an independent non-executive director and Chairman of the audit committee of the Board since 2008. Mr. Zhu is currently the senior consultant of Oaktree Capital (Hong Kong) Ltd. Mr. Zhu holds a MBA degree from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, a master's degree in economics from the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance of the PRC and a bachelor's degree in economics from Hebei Geological Institute. Mr. Zhu is one of the early Certified Public Accountants in the PRC. Mr. Zhu previously worked in the Ministry of Finance and in the investment analysis department of FMC Corporation. He also served as the head of China Business in the Equity Capital Market Department and Investment Bank Department of Credit Suisse First Boston, a managing director and member of the executive committee of the Asia-Pacific region of JP Morgan Chase & Co. and chairman of operating committee of the Greater China Region of JP Morgan Chase & Co. Mr. Zhu joined Oaktree Capital (Hong Kong) Ltd. in November 2005 and served as the managing director. He has been the senior consultant of Oaktree Captial (Hong Kong) Ltd. since August 2010. Mr. Zhu is currently an independent director of WSP Holding Limited.

 

Supervisors

 

Our supervisors are elected to represent our employees and shareholders and serve a term of three years or until the election of their respective successors, whichever is earlier. Our supervisors are Mr. Ao Hong, Mr. Yuan Li and Mr. Zhang Zhankui who were elected at the 2009 annual general meeting held on June 22, 2010 with a term of office expiring at the conclusion of the annual general meeting for the year 2012.

 

The table and discussion below set forth certain information concerning our supervisors.

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company




 

 

 

Ao Hong

49

Chairman of Supervisor Committee

Yuan Li

52

Supervisor (employee representative), General Manager of Corporate Culture Department of the Company

Zhang Zhankui

52

Supervisor

 

 

 

Ao Hong, aged 49, is currently a deputy general manager of Chinalco and has served as a supervisor of us since 2006. Mr. Ao holds a bachelor's degree from Kunming University of Science and Technology where he studied metallurgy. He also holds a master's degree from Central South University and is a professor-grade senior engineer. Mr. Ao previously worked as an engineer, senior engineer and served as head of general office and vice chairman at the Beijing General Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metals ("GRINM"), the chairman of GRINM Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd., Guorui Electronic Materials Co., Ltd., Beijing Guojing Infrared Optical Technology Co., Ltd., Guowei Silver Anticorrosive Materials Company and Guo Jing Micro-electronic Holdings Ltd. in Hong Kong respectively.

 

Yuan Li, aged 52, serves as our employee representative supervisor and a general manager of our Corporate Culture Department. Mr. Yuan has been employed by us since 2001. He is an engineer with extensive administrative and management experience. He previously served as a manager of the General Management Office and the deputy head of the Department of Research and Investigation of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Corporation, the head of the Department of Research and Investigation, the head of the Secretariat, an assistant inspector of the State Bureau of Non-ferrous Metals Industry, the deputy head of the Department of Political Affairs and the head of the community union working department of Chinalco.

 

Zhang Zhankui, aged 52, is the head of the Finance Department of Chinalco and has served us since 2001. Mr. Zhang is a postgraduate researcher in economic management and a senior accountant. Mr. Zhang had formerly served as head of the finance division and then the audit division of China General Design Institute for Non-ferrous Metals, a deputy general manager of Beijing Enfei Tech-industry Group, the head of the accounting division of the finance department and the deputy head of the finance department of China Copper Lead & Zinc Group Corporation, the officer-in-charge of asset and finance at our listing office and the head of the capital division of our finance department and the manager of the general division of our finance department and the deputy head of the finance department of Chinalco.

 

63


 

Senior Management

 

The table and discussion below set forth certain information concerning other member of senior management.

 

Name

Age

Positions with the Company




 

 

 

Liu Caiming

48

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Ding Haiyan

52

Vice President

Jiang Yinggang

47

Vice President

Liu Qiang

47

Secretary to the Board

 

 

 

Liu Caiming, aged 48, was appointed senior vice president and chief financial officer of us on February 23, 2011. Graduated from the School of Economics at Fudan University, Mr. Liu is a doctoral candidate, senior accountant and certified public accountant in the PRC. He joined Chinalco in January 2007. He had served as deputy head and head of the Finance Department of China Non-ferrous Metals Foreign-Engineering Corporation, deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metals Construction Group Limited, deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Construction Group Limited, director and deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., deputy general manager of China Non-ferrous Metals Mining and Construction (Group) Co., Ltd., deputy general manager of Chinalco, chairman of Yunnan Copper Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., chairman of Chinalco Shanghai Copper Co., Ltd., executive director of Chinalco Kunming Copper Co., Ltd., as well as director and president of China Copper Co., Ltd. Mr. Liu also has acted as the titular deputy head of Department of Finance of Yunnan Province, a director of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Yunnan Provincial People's Government and an assistant to the governor of Yunnan Province.

 

Ding Haiyan, aged 52, serves as vice president of us and has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Ding holds a master's degree from Beijing Economics University where he studied labor economics and he is a senior economist with extensive experience in labor, wages, insurance, enterprise mergers and acquisitions and capital operation. He has served as head of the labor wage division of the human resource department of China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Corporation, the deputy director of the Bureau of Labor and Insurance, deputy director-general of the enterprise reform department of the State Bureau of Non-ferrous Metals Industry, the head manager of the department of asset operation, deputy head of our Listing Office and an assistant to general manager of Chinalco. He also served as an executive director and the secretary on our Board.

 

Jiang Yinggang, aged 47, has served as a vice president of us since 2007 and has been employed by us since 2001. Mr. Jiang holds a master's degree from the Central South University of Industry where he studied metallurgy of non-ferrous metals. Mr. Jiang is a professor-grade senior engineer. He has served as deputy head and then the head of the corporate management department of Qinghai Aluminum Plant, head of the Qinghai aluminum smelter, deputy general manager and general manager of Qinghai Aluminum Company Limited and general manager of our Qinghai branch.

 

Liu Qiang, aged 47, is the secretary to the Board and has been employed by us since 2001. Ms. Liu holds a master's degree in English literature (minor in translation) from Beijing International Studies University. Ms. Liu studied finance, financial management and business administration at the University of Foreign Business and Economics in Beijing and received trainings on finance and financial management in Hong Kong. She previously worked in the finance department of Hong Kong Oriental Xinyuan (Holdings) Company Limited and served as the manager of the finance department of the Australian branch of China National Non-Ferrous Metals Import and Export Corporation. She has formerly served as manager of the aluminum department of China National Non-Ferrous Metals Import and Export Corporation, a senior market analyst for the Aluminum Industry in China National Non-Ferrous Metals Trading Group and China National Metals and Minerals Import and Export Corporation as well as the deputy manager of the import and export division of China Aluminum International Trading Corporation Limited.

 

B. COMPENSATION

 

Executive Compensation

 

Executive directors are entitled to a director's fee, performance bonuses and welfare benefits provided under the relevant PRC laws and regulations. Non-executive directors are entitled only to a director's fees. We did not pay any cash compensation for our supervisors in 2010. The aggregate amount of cash compensation paid by us to our directors and senior management in 2010 for services performed in connection with their respective capacities above was approximately RMB5.9 million (US$0.9 million). The aggregate amount of cash compensation paid by us to our senior management in 2010 was approximately RMB5.2 million (US$0.8 million), respectively. Our executive directors and supervisors who are employees also receive compensation in the form of housing allowances, other allowances and benefits and contributions to their pension plans. Directors receive fees for their services. None of the service contracts of our directors provide benefits to our directors upon their termination.

 

64


 

Details of the emoluments paid to our directors and supervisors during the reporting period are as follows:

 

 

 

Discretionary

 

 


Name of Director

 

Fees

Salary

Bonus

Pension

Total

 

 

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Executive Directors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Xiong Weiping

 

-

648.4

327.9

28.8

1,005.1

Luo Jianchuan

 

-

556.3

284.7

28.8

869.8

Chen Jihua(1)

 

-

427.7

151.4

26.2

605.3

Liu Xiangmin

 

-

466.6

165.2

28.8

660.6

Non-Executive Directors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shi Chungui

 

150.0

-

-

-

150.0

Lv Youqing(2)

 

-

-

-

-

-

Independent Non-Executive

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Directors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kang Yi(3)

 

99.0

-

-

-

99.0

Zhang Zhuoyuan

 

207.1

-

-

-

207.1

Wang Mengkui

 

207.1

-

-

-

207.1

Zhu Demiao

 

207.1

-

-

-

207.1

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

870.3

2,099.0

929.2

112.6

4,011.1

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supervisors

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ao Hong

 

-

-

-

-

-

Yuan Li

 

-

-

-

-

-

Zhang Zhankui

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

870.3

2,099.0

929.2

112.6

4,011.1

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Mr. Chen Jihua resigned from his positions as executive director of the Board, vice president, chief financial officer of the Board and member of the nomination committee on October 28, 2010 for personal reasons with the resignation taking effect upon the same day. At the board meeting held on February 23, 2011, the Board resolved to appoint Mr. Liu Caiming as senior vice president, chief financial officer and a member of executive committee of the Company and resolved to nominate Mr. Liu Caiming as an candidate for executive director of the 4th session of the Board subject to approval at the forthcoming annual general meeting.

 

 

(2)

Mr. Lv Youqing was appointed to the Board at our annual general meeting held on June 22, 2010.

 

 

(3)

Mr. Kang Yi's term of as independent director expired upon the conclusion of the annual general meeting held on June 22, 2010. Mr. Kang Yi had been the independent non-executive director for six years and therefore, was not eligible for re-appointment under the Shanghai Listing Rules. He also resigned from his positions as chairman of the remuneration committee and member of the audit committee on June 22, 2010 with the resignation taking effect upon the same day.

 

 

Senior Management Incentive System

 

In order to better provide incentives for our senior management and improve our shareholders' value, we adopted a special compensation system for our senior management designed to align our senior management's financial interests with our operating performance. Under this system, the senior management's compensation consists of the following components:

 

*

basic salaries;

 

 

*

performance bonuses;

 

 

*

welfare benefits; and

 

 

*

incentive bonuses.

 

 

C. BOARD PRACTICES

 

Board of Directors

 

All of our directors and supervisors serve a term of three years or until such later date as their successors are elected or appointed. Directors and supervisors may serve consecutive terms. Each of our directors and supervisors has entered into a service contract with us, which can be terminated by us within one year without payment of compensation (other than statutory compensation). There were no arrangements providing for benefits upon termination of our directors, supervisors or other senior management personnel. One of the supervisors is an employee representative appointed by our employees and the rest are appointed by the shareholders. The following table sets forth the number of years our directors and supervisors have held their positions and the expiration of their current term.

 

Name

Held Position Since

Expiration of Term




 

 

 

Xiong Weiping

May 26, 2009

June 22, 2013

Luo Jianchuan

May 18, 2007

June 22 , 2013

Chen Jihua

May 18, 2007

October 28, 2010

Liu Xiangmin

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

65


 

Lv Youqing

June 22, 2010

June 22, 2013

Shi Chungui

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

Kang Yi

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2010

Zhang Zhuoyuan

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

Wang Mengkui

May 9, 2008

June 22, 2013

Zhu Demiao

May 9, 2008

June 22, 2013

Ao Hong

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

Yuan Li

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

Zhang Zhankui

May 18, 2007

June 22, 2013

 

 

 

Audit Committee

 

Our audit committee consists of three independent non-executive directors, namely, Mr. Zhu Demiao, Mr. Zhang Zhuoyuan and Mr. Wang Mengkui. Mr. Zhu Demiao is chairman of the audit committee.

 

Our audit committee satisfies the requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and NYSE Rule 303A.06 relating to audit committees, including the requirements relating to independence of the audit committee members. The primary duties of our audit committee as set out in the committee charter are to review our annual and interim financial reports, review and approve the selection of and remuneration paid to our independent auditors, approve audit and audit-related services, approve related party transactions, supervise our internal financial reporting, including our internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures, supervise our internal and external auditors and review management policies.

 

Remuneration Committee

 

Our remuneration committee consists of three independent non-executive directors, namely, Mr. Zhu Demiao, Mr. Wang Mengkui and Mr. Zhang Zhuoyuan and one non-executive director, namely, Mr. Lv Youqing. Mr. Zhang Zhuoyuan serves as the chairman of the remuneration committee.

 

The primary duties of our remuneration committee as set out in the committee charter include reviewing compensation policies and performance appraisals with respect to the directors and senior management. In 2010, the remuneration committee convened at two meetings, to consider and approve 2009 discretionary bonuses, remuneration and performance appraisal standards for 2010 and the renewal of directors and officers liability insurance for years 2010 to 2011 for our directors, supervisors and other senior management members.

 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our remuneration committee in reliance on the exemption provided under NYSE Corporate Governance Rule 303A.00 available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require us to establish a remuneration committee which must be composed entirely of independent directors.

 

Nomination Committee

 

Our nomination committee consists of two executive directors, namely Mr. Xiong Weiping and Mr. Luo Jianchuan and three independent non-executive directors, namely Mr. Zhang Zhuoyuan, Mr. Wang Mengkui and Mr. Zhu Demiao. Mr. Xiong Weiping serves as the chairman of the nomination committee.

 

The primary duties of our nomination committee as set out in the committee charter include reviewing and recommending candidates for independent directors and members of the Board committees, approving the terms of the directors' service contracts and overseeing the appointment and removal of senior executives.

 

We follow our home country practice in relation to the composition of our nomination committee in reliance on the exemption provided under NYSE Corporate Governance Rule 303A.00 available to foreign private issuers. Our home country practice does not require us to establish a nomination committee which must be composed entirely of independent directors.

 

Development and Planning Committee

 

Our development and planning committee consists of two executive directors, namely Mr. Luo Jianchuan, and Mr. Liu Xiangmin with Mr. Luo Jianchuan serving as chairman of the committee. In accordance with the committee charter, the committee reviews and assesses our strategic plans for development, fiscal budgeting, investment, business operations and investments returns.

 

Disclosure Committee

 

Our disclosure committee consists of the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer and other senior management members with the chief executive officer serving as the chairman of the committee. This committee implements our disclosure controls and procedures and reviews information disclosed to ensure accurate, open and timely disclosure. All information (including annual and interim results) to be disclosed is subject to the approval of the disclosure committee. For the disclosure of financial statements and related information, the chief financial officer will ensure that our results and financial position will be reflected on a true and fair basis in accordance with the relevant accounting principles and requirements.

 

66


 

Supervisory Committee

 

Our supervisory committee consists of three supervisors, with one supervisor being elected from the staff as a representative of the employees. Our current supervisory committee was appointed at the annual general meeting held on June 22, 2010, and Mr. Ao Hong and Mr. Zhang Zhankui have been re-elected as chairman of the supervisory committee and a supervisor, respectively. In the election of employee representatives held in the same month, Mr. Yuan Li was re-elected as the employee representative supervisor of the fourth session of the supervisory committee.

 

Supervisors attend board meetings as non-voting members. The supervisory committee is responsible to the shareholders' general meeting and has the following duties and responsibilities:

 

*

supervise our handling of our financial matters;

 

 

*

supervise any acts of directors, the general manager, deputy general manager and other senior officers that are in violation of laws, administrative regulations or our Articles of Association;

 

 

*

request directors, the general manager, deputy general manager and other senior officers to rectify their acts that are detrimental to our interests;

 

 

*

verify such financial information as financial reports, business reports and profit distribution plans submitted by the Board to the shareholders' general meeting, and arrange certified public accountants and auditors to verify issues;

 

 

*

propose to convene interim shareholders' general meetings; and

 

 

*

bring lawsuits against directors on behalf of us.

 

 

D. EMPLOYEES

 

As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, we had approximately 107,887, 108,493 and 108,256 employees, respectively. The table below sets forth the number of our employees by function as of the periods indicated:

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 


 

 

2008

2009

2010

 

 




 

 

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Function:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alumina production

 

43,682

40.5

46,646

43.0

46,117

42.5

Primary aluminum production

 

49,078

45.5

46,159

42.6

45,869

42.4

Aluminum fabrication

 

6,615

6.1

5,668

5.2

5,737

5.3

Mining

 

4,738

4.4

4,340

4.0

4,926

4.6

Research and development

 

656

0.6

664

0.6

650

0.6

Sales and marketing

 

1,128

1.0

700

0.6

735

0.7

Management and others

 

1,990

1.9

4,316

4.0

4,222

3.9

Total

 

107,887

100.0

108,493

100

108,256

100.0

 

 







 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The table below sets forth the number of our employees as of December 31, 2010:

 

Location

 

Employees

% of Total

 

 

 

 

Shandong

 

 

 

Shandong branch

 

10,901

10.0

Shandong Huayu

 

2,098

1.9

       

Henan

     

Henan branch

 

10,273

9.4

Zhongzhou branch

 

5,896

5.4

Research Institute

 

652

0.6

Chalco Mining

 

3,036

2.8

Jiaozuo Wanfang

 

3,443

3.2

Henan Aluminum

 

2,457

2.3

       

Guizhou

     

Guizhou branch

 

15,039

13.8

Zunyi Aluminum

 

1,430

1.3

Zunyi Alumina

 

898

0.8

       

Guangxi

     
       

67


 

Guangxi branch

 

5,108

4.7

       

Shanxi

     

Shanxi branch

 

11,889

10.9

Shanxi Huasheng

 

2,294

2.1

Shanxi Huaze

 

2,447

2.3

       

Gansu

     

Lanzhou branch

 

4,494

4.1

Northwest Aluminum

 

2,986

2.8

Gansu Hualu

 

1,542

1.4

Liancheng branch

 

3,984

3.7

       

Liaoning

     

Fushun Aluminum

 

2,017

1.9

       

Qinghai

     

Qinghai branch

 

4,911

4.4

       

Sichuan

     

Huaxi Aluminum

 

503

0.5

       

Chongqing

     

Chongqing branch

 

1,117

1.0

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling

 

236

0.2

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

 

238

0.8

       

Fujian

     

Chalco Ruimin

 

636

0.6

       

Inner Mongolia

     

Baotou Aluminum

 

6,716

6.2

Others (including employees of

     

   subsidiaries under construction)

 

877

0.8

Headquarters

 

138

0.1

   

 

 

   

Total

 

108,256

100.00

   



       

We have workers' unions at the plant level that protect employees' rights and welfare benefits, organize educational programs, encourage employee participation in management decisions and mediate disputes between individual employees and us. All employees are union members. We have not experienced any strikes or other labor disturbances that have interfered with our operations, and we believe that we maintain good relationships with our employees.

 

The remuneration package of our employees includes salary, bonuses and allowances. Employees also receive welfare benefits including medical care, housing subsidies, childcare and education, retirement and other miscellaneous items.

 

In accordance with applicable PRC regulations, we participate in pension contribution plans organized by provincial and municipal governments, under which each of our plants is required to contribute an amount equal to a specified percentage of its employees' salaries, bonuses and various allowances. The amount of contribution as a percentage of the employees' salary is, on average, approximately 20.0% depending in part on the location of the plant. We have made all required pension contributions up to December 31, 2010. Retirees who retired prior to the date of the reorganization will have their pensions paid out of the pension plans established by the PRC government. We provide to our employees various social welfare benefits through various institutions owned by Chinalco and its other affiliates or through third parties.

 

68


 

F. SHARE OWNERSHIP

 

None of our directors, supervisors or senior management owns any interest in any shares or options to purchase our shares.

 

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

 

We are a joint stock limited company organized under the laws of the PRC. Our parent company, Chinalco, a state-owned enterprise, beneficially owns 41.82% of our outstanding common shares directly and indirectly through its controlled entities. Chinalco holds a significant portion of our domestic shares in the form of state legal person shares, which do not have voting rights different from our other shares. Chinalco has substantial influence over our management, policies and corporate actions and can exercise all rights as our controlling shareholder subject to the relevant laws, rules and regulations. Approximately 58.18% of our total outstanding common shares are held by public shareholders, of which 29.16% and 29.07 % are owned by holders of H Shares and A Shares, respectively.

 

The following table sets forth information regarding ownership of our issued and outstanding capital stock as of December 31, 2010. The table includes all persons who are known by us to own, either as beneficial owners or holders of record, five percent or more of any class of shares.

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2010

 

 


 

 

 

% of issued total

% of respective

Holders of A Shares and H Shares

 

Number of shares

share capital

share class

 

 

(in millions)

 

 

 

 




Holders of A Shares

 

 

 

 

Chinalco (1)

 

5,656.36

41.82

59.04

China Cinda Asset Management Corporation Limited

 

800.76

5.92

8.36

China Construction Bank Corporation Limited

 

709.37

5.25

7.40

Other public holders of A Shares

 

2,414.13

17.85

25.20

Total A Shares

 

9,580.62

70.84

100.00

 

 

 

 

 

Holders of H Shares

 

 

 

 

Templeton Asset Management Ltd.

 

828.52

6.13

21.01

Blackrock, Inc.(2)

 

329.67

2.44

8.36

J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.(3)

 

298.85

2.21

7.58

Morgan Stanley (4)

 

419.82

3.10

10.64

Other H shares holders

 

2,067.11

15.28

52.41

Total H Shares

 

3,943.97

29.16

100.00

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

13,524.49

100.00

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Including 5,214,407,195 A Shares held directly by Chinalco, 351,217,795 A Shares held by Baotou Group, 79,472,482 A Shares held by Lanzhou Aluminum Factory, 4,119,573 A Shares held by Guiyang Aluminum and Magnesium Design and Research Institute and 7,140,254 A Shares held by Shanxi Aluminum Plant. Baotou Group, Lanzhou Aluminum Factory, Guiyang Aluminum Magnesium Design and Research Institute and Shanxi Aluminum Plant are controlled by Chinalco.

 

 

(2)

Including 329,666,859 shares held by various corporations controlled by Blackrock, Inc.

 

 

(3)

Including 73,253,600 H Shares held by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 92,480,000 H Shares held by JF Asset Management Limited, 26,528,324 H Shares held by J.P.Morgan Securities Ltd., 22,041,283 H Shares held by J.P. Morgan Whitefriars, Inc., 5,702,700 H Shares held by J.P.Morgan Markets Limited, 3,530,000 H Shares held by JPMorgan Asset Management (Singapore) Limited, 886,000 H Shares held by J.P.Morgan Investment Management Inc., and 1,172,000 H Shares held by JPMorgan Asset Management (UK) Limited, among which 6,209,180 H Shares were held as derivatives. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., JF Asset Management Limited, J.P.Morgan Securities Ltd., J.P. Morgan Whitefriars, Inc., J.P. Morgan Markets Limited, JPMorgan Asset Management (Singapore) Limited, J.P.Morgan Investment Management Inc. and JPMorgan Asset Management (UK) Limited are controlled by JPMorgan Chase & Co.

 

 

(4)

Including 275,980,086 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc., 133,921,419 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc., 2,000,000 H Shares held by MSDW Equity Finance Service I (Cayman) Limited, 1,539,625 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC, 136,000 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley Capital (Luxemburg) S.A., 4,422,075 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley Capital Services Inc., 112,600 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley Capital (Cayman Islands) Limited and 1,703,850 H Shares held by Morgan Stanley Asia Products Limited. Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co International plc., MSDW Equity Finance Service I (Cayman) Limited, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC, Morgan Stanley Capital (Luxemburg) S.A., Morgan Stanley Capital Services Inc., Morgan Stanley Capital (Cayman Islands) Limited and Morgan Stanley Asia Products Limited are controlled by Morgan Stanley.

 

 

69


 

We are not aware of any arrangement that may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of Chalco.

 

On April 24, 2007, we issued 1,236,731,739 A Shares by way of share exchange with the other shareholders of Shandong Aluminum and Lanzhou Aluminum, including a subsidiary of Chinalco, to acquire the existing issued shares not held by us. On the same date, China Orient Asset Management Corporation, a PRC state-owned financial enterprise, transferred all of its equity interest in us to Chinalco and ceased to be our shareholder. On December 28, 2007, we issued 637,880,000 A Shares to a subsidiary of Chinalco in exchange for 100% equity in Baotou Aluminum.

 

To the best of our knowledge, as of December 31, 2010, none of the outstanding H Shares was held by United States holders of record, and all of the outstanding ADSs were held by 102 United States holders of record. There were no non-PRC holders holding A Shares of record.

 

As an owner of at least 30% of our issued and outstanding shares, the parent company is deemed a controlling shareholder and therefore may not exercise its voting rights with respect to various matters related to our shares in a manner prejudicial to the interests of our other shareholders. See "Item 10. Additional Information - B. Memorandum and Articles of Association". In accordance with our Articles of Association, each share of our capital stock has one vote and the shares of the same class have the same rights. Other than the foregoing restrictions, the voting rights of our major holders of domestic and H Shares are identical to those of any other holders of the same class of shares. Holders of domestic shares and H Shares are deemed to be shareholders of different classes for some matters, which may affect their respective interests. Other than the foregoing, holders of H Shares and domestic shares are entitled to the same voting rights.

 

A. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Connected Transactions under Hong Kong Listing Rules

 

Under the Listing Rules, transactions between connected persons and us, or connected transactions, generally must be reported to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, announced to the public and/or approved by shareholders unless the foregoing requirement are waived by the Hong Kong Stock Exchange or exempted under the Listing Rules. Under the Listing Rules, Chinalco, Xinan Aluminum and Guan Lv are our connected persons.(1)(2) Each year our independent non-executive directors must review our non-exempt continuing transactions and confirm that these transactions have been entered into:

 

(i)

in the ordinary and usual course of our business;

 

 

(ii)

either on normal commercial terms or, if there are not sufficient comparable transactions to judge whether they are on normal commercial terms, on terms no less favorable to us than terms available to or from (as appropriate) independent third parties; and

 

 

(iii)

in accordance with the relevant agreement governing them on terms that are fair and reasonable and in the interests of our shareholders as a whole.

 

 

Although the definition of connected transactions is not synonymous with the definition of related party transactions, the concepts are sufficiently similar that the following description of our connected transactions would satisfy disclosure requirements under U.S. securities laws.

 

Historically, our agreements for connected transactions have generally been for a term of three years. All of our connected transaction agreements that were in effect as of the beginning of 2009, expect as otherwise indicated, were set to expire on December 31, 2009. During 2009, our Board approved the extension of the following connected transactions, which were subsequently approved by our independent shareholders.

 

*

Provision of Engineering, Construction and Supervisory Services Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Comprehensive Social and Logistics Service Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Mutual Supply Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Mineral Supply Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Land Use Rights Lease Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Building Lease Agreement with Chinalco;

 

 

*

Provision of Alumina and Aluminum Products Agreement with Guangxi Investment;

 

 

*

Provision of Alumina and Aluminum Alloy Ingots and Aluminum Fabrication Services Agreement with Xinan Aluminum;

 

 

70


 

*

Agreement for Sale and Purchase of Aluminum Products with Guizhou Development;

 

 

*

Sales and Purchase Agreement with Nanping Aluminum(2); and

 

 

*

Long-term Sale and Purchase Agreement for Alumina with Guan Lv.

 

 

During 2010, we entered into the following connected transactions:

 

*

Joint venture agreement to establish Shanxi Jiexiu;

 

 

*

Disposal of equity interests in CICL; and

 

 

*

Aluminum products fabrication services with Chinalco.

 

 

In the beginning of 2011, we entered into the following connected transaction agreement:

 

*

Framework agreement for aluminum products fabrication services with Chinalco.

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Gaungxi Investment and Guizhou Development, the promoters of the Company, are no longer connected persons of the Company upon amendments of the Hong Kong Listing Rules on June 3, 2010, whereby a promoter is no longer defined as a connected person of a listed issuer.

 

 

(2)

Nanping Aluminum is no longer a connected person of the Company upon dilution of its shareholding in the relevant subsidiary to below 10%.

 

 

Provision of Engineering, Construction and Supervisory Services Agreement with Chinalco

 

The Provision of Engineering, Construction and Supervisory Services Agreement dated November 5, 2001 has been extended to December 31, 2012. Pursuant to this agreement, Chinalco will provide certain engineering, construction and supervisory services to us at the state guidance price and, where there is no state guidance price, at market price. Such services are mainly provided by subsidiaries of Chinalco including China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited. The annual cap for the continuing connected transactions under this agreement was set at RMB11,000 million for 2008 and RMB12,200 million for 2009. On November 13, 2009, our shareholders increased the annual caps of this agreement to RMB13,500.0 million (US$2,045.5 million), RMB14,900.0 million and RMB16,400.0 million for 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively.

 

Comprehensive Social and Logistics Service Agreement with Chinalco

 

We have entered into a Comprehensive Social and Logistics Services Agreement with Chinalco to receive a broad range of social and logistics services including education and schooling, public transportation and property management. In 2009, our shareholders approved an increase in the annual cap for this agreement to reflect our growing demand for the social and logistics services provided under this agreement as our business expands and Chinalco's expected increase in costs associated with providing these services.

 

Mutual Supply Agreement with Chinalco

 

Chinalco provides ancillary production supplies and services which include, among other things, various raw materials required in alumina and primary aluminum production, transportation and loading services and production supporting service. To support its aluminum fabrication business, Chinalco purchases primary aluminum and other alumina products from us. Chinalco transferred to us (a) operating assets and businesses for the production of alumina, primary aluminum, scrap materials, coal and pitch, and (b) assets and businesses for the provision of ancillary production supplies and services which include, among other things, the supply of electricity, gas, heat and water, spare parts and the provision of repair and maintenance services. Such businesses and operating units continue to provide ancillary production supplies and services to Chinalco.

 

This Mutual Supply Agreement dated July 1, 2001 has been extended to December 31, 2012. For 2010, 2011 and 2012, the annual cap on sales by us to Chinalco is RMB9,500.0 million (US$1,439.4 million), RMB10,500.0 million and RMB11,500.0 million, respectively, and the annual cap on the purchases by us from Chinalco is RMB4,450.0 million (US$674.2 million), RMB4,900.0 million and RMB5,200.0 million, respectively.

 

Mineral Supply Agreement with Chinalco

 

Chinalco provides us bauxite and limestone from several mines that it operates. Chinalco also purchases bauxite and limestone from other mines that it jointly operates with third parties and re-sell such bauxite and limestone to us at cost. We entered into a Mineral Supply Agreement with Chinalco on November 5, 2001, which has been extended every three years since.

 

Land Use Rights Lease Agreement with Chinalco

 

On November 5, 2001, we entered into the Land Use Rights Leasing Agreement with Chinalco for the lease of 459 parcels of land covering an aggregate area of approximately 61.9 million square meters and spanning across eight provinces in the PRC. This agreement is for a term of 50 years expiring on June 30, 2051. The annual rent paid in 2010 to Chinalco was approximately RMB572 million (US$86.7 million). On February 25, 2008, Chinalco and we entered into a supplemental agreement, pursuant to which the total annual rental of the land use rights in connection with the leased properties was further increased from RMB620.0 million for 2008 to RMB1 billion for 2009.

 

The transactions under the supplemental agreement constitute continuing connected transactions under the Listing Rules. The revised annual rental of RMB1 billion is less than 2.5% of the applicable percentage ratio under the Listing Rules. The rental revision is required to be disclosed by way of announcement but is not required to be approved by our independent shareholders.

 

71


 

Building Lease Agreement with Chinalco

 

We entered into the Building Lease Agreement dated November 5, 2001 for a term of 20 years expiring June 30, 2020. At our special general meeting held on February 27, 2007, our shareholders approved to aggregate the rental payable to Chinalco under this agreement and apply for an aggregate annual cap of RMB100 million for 2007, 2008 and 2009.

 

Chinalco transferred to us, among other operating assets, ownership of the buildings and properties for the operation of our core businesses, and retained certain buildings and properties for its operations. Pursuant to this agreement, we leased to Chinalco and Chinalco leased to us a number of buildings and properties for ancillary uses, which include buildings and properties mainly for offices, dormitory, canteen and storage purposes. The buildings and properties we lease to Chinalco comprise 59 buildings with an aggregate gross floor area of 62,819 square meters. In turn, the buildings and properties Chinalco leases to us for ancillary uses comprise 100 buildings with an aggregate gross area of 273,637 square meters.

 

On March 28, 2005, we entered into a tenancy agreement with China Aluminum Development Company Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, in respect of the office premises at 12th to 16th floors and 18th to 31st floors of No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Hai Dian District, Beijing, PRC with an aggregate gross floor area of 30,160.81 square meters for a term of three years. The annual rent amounts to RMB61.6 million, determined according to the prevailing market rate. On October 15, 2008, we renewed the tenancy agreement to extend it for another three years commencing on October 16, 2008. Under the renewed tenancy agreement the aggregated gross floor area we lease was increased to 30,187.9 square meters for an annual rent of RMB61.7 million payable each six months. In 2010, we paid RMB72 million under the renewed tenancy agreement.

 

Provision of Alumina and Aluminum Products Agreement between us and Guangxi Investment (including its subsidiaries and associates)

 

We sell alumina and aluminum ingots to Guangxi Investment, a promoter of us, and purchases alumina from an associate of Guangxi Investment, Guangxi Huayin. The annual cap for our sales of alumina and primary aluminum to the subsidiaries of Guangxi Investment in 2007, 2008 and 2009 was initially set at RMB450 million each year. As the sales by us to Guangxi Investment increased, the annual caps for each of 2008 and 2009 were revised to RMB1,490 million. The annual cap for purchases of alumina from an associate of Guangxi Investment was RMB815 million for 2008 and RMB1,770 million for 2009.

 

We entered into the Mutual Provision of Products Framework Agreement on October 20, 2008 with Guangxi Investment, which was effective from the execution date until December 31, 2009. This agreement was extended by three years until December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the agreement, we would continue to sell alumina and aluminum ingots to Guangxi Investment (including its subsidiaries and associates) and purchase alumina from Guangxi Investment (including its subsidiaries and associates).

 

Provision of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Ingots and Aluminum Fabrication Services Agreement between us and Xinan Aluminum

 

Xinan Aluminum (including its subsidiaries and associates) purchases products from us and provides products and services to us. Xinan Aluminum is our connected person by reason of it being a substantial shareholder of one of our subsidiaries, Chalco Southwest Aluminum. We entered into the Mutual Provision of Products and Services Framework Agreement on October 20, 2008 with Xinan Aluminum, which was effective until December 31, 2009. The annual cap for our sales to Xinan Aluminum for 2008 and 2009 was RMB9,000 million and RMB7,000 million, respectively, while our purchase from Xinan Aluminum was RMB4,600 million and RMB4,000 million, respectively. On December 30, 2009, our shareholders approved the extension of the term of this agreement to December 31, 2012 and set the annual cap on sales by us at RMB8,000.0 million (US$1,212.1 million), RMB8,500.0 million and RMB9,000.0 million, respectively, for 2010, 2011 and 2012 and the annual cap on the purchases by us at RMB4,200.0 million (US$636.4 million), RMB4,800.0 million and RMB5,200.0 million, respectively, for the same periods.

 

Agreement for Sale and Purchase of Aluminum Products between us and Guizhou Development

 

The continuing connected transactions between us and Guizhou Development, a promoter of us, include our sales of aluminum products to Guizhou Development. The annual caps for the sales between us and Guizhou Development was RMB400 million for 2008, RMB450 million for 2009 and RMB500 for 2010.

 

Mutual Provision of Products and Services between us and Nanping Aluminum

 

Nanping Aluminum (through its subsidiaries and associates) purchases alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum alloy ingots from us, and Chalco Ruimin purchases aluminum sheets and fabrication services from Nanping Aluminum. All the above transactions are conducted on normal commercial terms and at market prices. The annual cap for the our sales of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum alloy ingots to Nanping Aluminum was RMB920 million for 2008 and RMB1,030 million for 2009. The annual cap for Chalco Ruimin's purchase of aluminum sheets and fabrication services from Nanping Aluminum was RMB400 million for 2008 and RMB450 million for 2009. Our agreement with Nanping Aluminum for the sales of alumina, primary aluminum and other aluminum products has an original term of five years, expiring on December 31, 2009. On December 30, 2009, our shareholders approved the extension of the term of this agreement to December 31, 2012 and set the annual cap on the our sales to Nanping Aluminum at RMB1,500 million (US$227.3 million), RMB1,800 million and RMB2,200 million, respectively, for 2010, 2011 and 2012. Currently, Nanping Aluminum is no longer our connected person upon dilution of its shareholding in the relevant subsidiary to below 10%.

 

72


 

Long-term Sale and Purchase Agreement for Alumina between us and Guan Lv

 

Guan Lv purchases alumina and aluminum alloy ingots from us pursuant to a long term supply agreement dated August 22, 2006, which was extended in 2009 to December 31, 2012 and certain spot contracts from time to time. All the foregoing sales are conducted on normal commercial terms and generally in cash with delivery against payment. The annual cap for such transactions was RMB210.0 million for 2008, RMB260.0 million for 2009 and RMB500 million for 2010 (US$75.8 million). As Guan Lv holds 49% of the equity interests in one of our subsidiaries, Shanxi Huasheng, Guan Lv is our connected person.

 

Joint venture agreement to establish Shanxi Jiexiu

 

On October 27, 2010, we entered into a joint venture contract together with Shanxi Aluminum Plant, Luxin Company as well as natural shareholders to establish Shanxi Jiexiu by way of capital contribution of approximately RMB537 million (US$81.4 million), upon which we hold 34% equity interest of Shanxi Jiexiu. As Shanxi Aluminum Plant is the subsidiary of Chinalco, our controlling shareholder, the joint establishment of Shanxi Jiexiu by us and Shanxi Aluminum Plant by the capital contribution constitutes a connected transaction. Shanxi Jiexiu will engage in the integration of coal resources in Shanxi Province by investing in and reorganizing five coal mining companies in the Jiexiu area, Shanxi Province, with total retained reserves of approximately 300 million tonnes. As of December 31, 2010, the transaction was in progress.

 

Disposal of equity interests in CICL

 

In compliance with the relevant laws and regulations on transfer of state-owned equity interests in the PRC, our subsidiary, CICL, listed the equity interests on China Beijing Equity Exchange on November 22, 2010 for open bidding by public bidders. Chinalco, being the only bidder for the equity interests, successfully bid the equity interests and on December 20, 2010, CIT, as vendor, entered into the Agreement with Chinalco for the disposal of equity interests in CICL, being all of CIT's interests in CICL, to Chinalco at a consideration of RMB156,986,000 (US$23,785,758). Upon completion of the agreement, we ceased to have any interest in CICL.

 

Framework agreement for aluminum products fabrication services with Chinalco

 

Shandong Aluminum, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, has been providing aluminum products fabrication services to our Shandong branch of the Company since 2009. In addition, Qinghai Aluminum Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Chinalco, has been providing aluminum products fabrication services to Chalco Ruimin since 2010. In 2009 and 2010, an aggregate of approximately RMB51 million and RMB138 million were paid by our relevant branch and subsidiary to the two relevant subsidiaries of Chinalco for the provision of aluminum products fabrication services respectively. To better regulate the aluminum products fabrication services to be provided by Chinalco, we and Chinalco executed a framework agreement for aluminum products fabrication services on February 28, 2011. This agreement is for a term of two years starting from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2012. The annual caps for aluminum products fabrication services to be provided by the subsidiaries of Chinalco to our relevant branch and subsidiary are expected to be approximately RMB240 million(US$36.4 million) each year.

 

We provide the following additional information on material related party transactions during the periods indicated:

 

   

Year Ended December 31,

   


 

 

2008(1)

2009(1)

2010(1)

2010(1)

 

 





 

 

RMB

RMB

RMB

US$

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

(in thousands)

     

Sales of materials and finished goods to:

         

Chinalco Group (2)

 

2,164,377

2,792,167

6,101,643

924,491

Jointly-controlled entities

 

20,939

-

-

-

Associates

 

3,274

396

-

-

Other related parties

 

5,492,508

3,638,739

4,452,683

674,649

Provision of utility services to:

         

Chinalco Group

 

681,580

350,744

340,857

51,645

Other related parties

 

44

1,510

-

-

Provision of engineering, construction

         

    and supervisory services by:

         

Chinalco Group

 

7,999,470

4,947,307

3,503,363

530,813

Other related parties

 

22,269

19,740

5,894

893

Purchase of key and auxiliary materials

         

    and finished goods from:

         

Chinalco Group

 

2,687,998

2,705,653

4,556,204

690,334

Jointly-controlled entities

 

566,433

911,462

1,321,202

200,182

Associates

 

6,260

4,665

1,458

221

Other related parties

 

3,277,579

2,595,829

2,483,173

376,238

Provision of social services and

         

    logistics services by:

         

Chinalco Group

 

776,197

502,999

264,049

40,007

Jointly-controlled entities

 

25

-

-

-

Other related parties

 

2,010

5,565

475

72

Provision of utilities services by:

         

Chinalco Group

 

458,275

212,312

171,371

25,965

Other related parties

 

67,477

73,369

100,952

15,296

Rental expenses for land use rights and

         

   buildings charged by Chinalco Group

 

890,016

762,278

643,432

97,490

Commission processing by Chinalco

         

   Group and its subsidiaries

 

-

50,687

137,601

20,849

 

 






 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

The aggregate amount of material related party transactions for the year ended December 31, 2010 do not exclude transactions with Guangxi Investment, Guizhou Development and Nanping Aluminum from June 3, 2010 to December 31, 2010. Currently, Nanping Aluminum is no longer our connected person upon dilution of its shareholding in the relevant subsidiary to below 10%.

   

(2)

For purpose of this table, the Chinalco Group refers to Chinalco, its subsidiaries (other than us) and associates.

   

73


 

Guarantees

 

In 2004, we and Shanxi Aluminum Plant Subbranch, China Construction Bank, entered in to a guarantee contract, whereby the Company provided joint liability guarantee for the loan of RMB1.02 billion made to Shanxi Huaze, a subsidiary controlled by the us. The guarantee would expire following two years upon the expiry of the debt performance period under the principal contract.

 

On July 29, 2010, we entered into a joint development agreement with Rio Tinto and Rio Tinto Atlantic for the development and operation of the Simandou project in west Africa. In respect of the joint development, Chinalco and Rio Tinto has entered into ancillary terms, under which Chinalco unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees to Rio Tinto the performance by us of all our obligations under the Simandou joint development agreement. We, in consideration of Chinalco's guarantee, granted Chinalco a counter guarantee by way of credit security and with a term of the counter guarantee contemporaneous with performance period of the joint development agreement. On October 25, 2010, our Board approved the resolution relating to the provision of counter guarantee for the guarantee provided by Chinalco in respect of the Simandou Project.

 

The table below sets forth information on guarantees with certain related parties in 2010, which were made for working capital and capital investment purposes.

 

 

 

 

 

Largest Amount

Amount Outstanding

 

Guarantor

Guarantee

Interest Rate

Outstanding in 2010

as of March 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

(RMB)

(RMB)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

70,000,000

70,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

The Company

Shanxi Huaze

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Lanzhou Aluminum Factory

Lanzhou Branch

2.550%

36,000,000

32,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Lanzhou Aluminum Factory

Lanzhou Branch

5.000%

50,954,000

50,954,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Lanzhou Aluminum Factory

Xibeilv Branch

2.550%

5,400,000

4,200,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

196,548,500

117,237,175

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

China Nonferrous Metals Technology

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

44,375,100

26,468,905

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

112,000,000

94,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

110,000,000

92,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

300,000,000

300,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

74


 

 

 

 

 

Largest Amount

Amount Outstanding

 

Guarantor

Guarantee

Interest Rate

Outstanding in 2010

as of March 31, 2011

 

 

 

 

(RMB)

(RMB)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

148,250,000

148,250,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

43,000,000

43,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

68,380,000

68,380,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

52,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

69,600,000

46,900,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

100,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

70,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.346%

31,620,000

31,620,000

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

20,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

20,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

20,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

20,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

50,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.940%

70,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.760%

20,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.760%

6,800,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.760%

30,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.760%

70,000,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

5.760%

53,200,000

-

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rollings

5.346%

116,079,400

111,550,600

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rollings

5.346%

68,282,000

36,089,900

           

Long

Chinalco

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rollings

5.346%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

4.374%

200,000,000

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

2.853%

37,570,994

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

2.853%

20,874,333

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

2.826%

67,557,898

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

2.652%

53,266,277

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

2.592%

62,429,544

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

4.374%

200,000,000

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

4.374%

500,000,000

-

           

Short

The Company

Chalco Trading

4.374%

100,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.779%

200,000,000

200,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.779%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.779%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.779%

100,000,000

100,000,000

           

75


 

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.560%

60,000,000

60,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.860%

100,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

60,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

60,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

60,000,000

60,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

80,000,000

-

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

70,000,000

70,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

30,000,000

30,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.560%

60,000,000

60,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.560%

80,000,000

80,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

4.779%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.310%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.560%

50,000,000

50,000,000

           

Short

Chinalco

Henan Aluminum

5.560%

45,000,000

-

           

Loans

 

The table below sets forth information on loans with certain related parties in 2010, which were made for working capital and capital investment purposes.

 
     

Largest Amount

Amount Outstanding

Lender

Borrower

Interest Rate

Outstanding in 2010

as of March 31, 2011






     

(RMB)

(RMB)

         

The Company

Fushun Aluminum

5.310%

228,000,000

228,000,000

The Company

Fushun Aluminum

5.310%

100,000,000

-

The Company

Fushun Aluminum

5.310%

137,000,000

-

The Company

Henan Aluminum

5.229%

285,000,000

285,000,000

         

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

A. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

We have appended our consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report on Form 20-F.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

We are not currently a party to any pending legal proceedings which are expected to have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations, nor are we aware of any proceedings that are pending or threatened which may have a significant effect on our financial position or results of operations. We may from time to time become a party to various legal or administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business.

 

Dividend Policy

 

Our Board declares dividends, if any, in Renminbi with respect to H Shares on a per share basis and pays such dividends in HK dollars. Any final dividend for a fiscal year is subject to shareholders' approval. The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, converts the HK dollar dividend payments and distributes them to holders of ADSs in U.S. dollars, less expenses of conversion. Under the Company Law of the PRC and our Articles of Association, all of our shareholders have equal rights to dividends and distributions. The holders of the H Shares share proportionately on a per share basis in all dividends and other distributions declared by our Board.

76


 

We believe that our dividend policy strikes a balance between two important goals providing our shareholders with a competitive return on investment and assuring sufficient reinvestment of profits to enable us to achieve our strategic objectives. The declaration of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board, which takes into account the following factors:

 

*

our financial results;

   

*

capital requirements;

   

*

contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends by us to our shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us;

   

*

our shareholders' interests;

   

*

the effect on our creditworthiness;

   

*

general business conditions; and

   

*

other factors our Board may deem relevant.

   

Pursuant to PRC laws and regulations, dividends may only be distributed after allowance has been made for: (1) recovery of losses, if any and (2) allocations to the statutory surplus reserve. The allocations to the statutory surplus reserve is 10% of our net profit determined in accordance with PRC Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Our distributable profits for the current fiscal year will be equal to our net profits determined in accordance with IFRS, less allocations to the statutory surplus reserve. See "Item 10. Additional Information - E. Taxation" for a discussion of the tax consequences of receipt of dividends.

 

B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

 

We have not experienced any significant changes since the date of our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.

 

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

 

The Shanghai Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for our A Shares, and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for our H Shares. The ADSs have been issued by the Bank of New York Mellon, acting as depositary bank, and are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ACH" with each ADS representing 25 H Shares.

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low closing prices for our shares on the New York Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange:

 
   

NYSE

Hong Kong Stock Exchange

   



           

Calendar Period

 

High

Low

High

Low

   



   

(US$ per ADS)

(HK$ per H Share)

   

2005

 

78.84

50.04

6.10

3.87

2006

 

110.12

15.54

8.70

4.88

2007

 

90.95

21.50

26.35

6.60

2008

 

49.75

7.31

16.12

2.17

     First Quarter

 

49.75

35.76

16.12

10.02

    Second Quarter

 

46.10

28.54

14.44

8.94

    Third Quarter

 

29.34

14.54

9.36

4.61

    Fourth Quarter

 

15.76

7.31

5.02

2.17

2009

 

32.79

9.91

10.36

3.15

    First Quarter

 

17.38

9.91

5.43

3.15

    Second Quarter

 

28.49

14.88

8.90

4.58

    Third Quarter

 

32.79

21.27

10.36

6.60

    Fourth Quarter

 

30.08

25.73

9.58

8.01

2010

 

       

    First Quarter

 

34.27

22.77

10.66

7.11

    Second Quarter

 

28.88

18.03

9.09

5.82

    Third Quarter

 

24.77

18.18

7.84

5.66

    Fourth Quarter

 

26.80

22.08

8.30

6.71

    November

 

25.50

22.08

7.88

6.78

    December

 

23.81

22.09

7.28

6.71

2011

 

       

    January

 

25.13

23.00

7.98

7.09

    February

 

25.88

23.25

7.90

7.31

    March

 

24.23

22.71

7.63

7.00

    April (through April 14)

 

24.89

23.61

7.80

7.37

   





77


 


 

 

 

 

Note:

Effective October 2006, our ADS ratio was changed from one ADS representing 100 H Shares to one ADS representing 25 H Shares.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

A. SHARE CAPITAL

 

Not applicable.

 

B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

 

A copy of the English translation of our Articles of Association was filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form F-1 (Registration No. 333-14068) under the Securities Act in connection with a global offering of our H Shares and American depositary shares on December 5, 2001. Amendments to our Articles of Association are subject to approval by the SASAC. We filed a copy of the English translation of our Articles of Association as of June 30, 2007 as an exhibit to our 20-F filed on June 20, 2007. Since June 20, 2007, our Articles of Association underwent the following amendments:

 

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at special general shareholders' meeting on October 12, 2007. We have deleted the requirement that the quorum of any class meeting shall be at least one-third of the total number of issued shares of that class. The Board is of the view that the one-third shareholding quorum requirement is unduly restrictive. Such provision is not a requirement of the mandatory provisions and is not common among large-scale H share companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Moreover, the requirement to reply by returning the reply slip 20 days before the date of the class meeting as provided in Article 99 has already provided the mechanism to ensure that the class shareholders receive the notice of the class meeting. We have also amended the Articles of Association in accordance with the merger of Baotou Aluminum with us by way of share exchange through issuance of new A Shares. The revised Article 99 reads: "The Company shall, 45 days before the date of class meeting of shareholders (including the date of meeting), send written notice of the class meeting and inform all registered shareholders of that class of the matters to be considered at the class meeting and the date and venue of the class meeting. Those shareholders of the class who intend to attend shall send the written reply to the Company 20 days before the class meeting. If the number of voting shares represented by shareholders who intend to attend the meeting amount to more than one-half of the Company's total voting shares, the Company may hold the meeting; if not, the Company shall within five days notify the shareholders, again by way of public announcement, of the matters to be considered at, and the place and date for, the meeting. The Company may then hold the meeting after such announcement."

   

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at the general shareholders' meeting held on May 9, 2008 to (1) expand the business scope; and (2) add additional conditions for effectiveness of share certificates and obtaining the authorization from the Board to imprint the Company seal on the share certificates. The revised Article 39 reads:

   
 

"Share certificates shall be signed by the legal representative. In case other members of the senior management are also required to sign by the stock exchange on which the Company's shares are listed, such other members of the senior management shall also sign. The share certificates shall become valid after applying the Company's seal (including the share seal of the Company) or after being imprinted with the seal. Authorization from the Board should be obtained to affix the Company seal (including the share seal) or to imprint the Company seal on the share certificates. The signature of the chairman or other member of the senior management may also be in imprinted form."

   
 

The revised Article 13, which set forth our business scope, was subsequently amended.

   

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at the special general shareholders' meeting held on October 28, 2008 to expand our business scope set forth in Article 13, which was subsequently amended.

   

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at the annual general shareholders' meeting held on May 26, 2009 to (1) expand the business scope and (2) revise the requirement on the provision of corporate communication to the shareholders. The original Article 232 was deleted in its entirety and the numbers of the articles and the numberings of the articles mentioned in the text were adjusted accordingly upon this deletion. The revised Articles70, 183, 211 and 229 read:

   
 

*

Article 70

     
   

Notice of shareholders' general meeting shall be sent to shareholders (whether or not such shareholder is entitled to vote at the meeting), by personal delivery or prepaid post to the address of the shareholder as shown in the register of shareholders.

     
   

For the holders of domestic shares, notice of the meetings may also be given by way of public announcement. Such announcement shall be published in one or more national newspapers designated by the securities regulatory authority of the State Council of China within the interval between 45 days and 50 days (including the 45th and 50th day) before the date of the meeting; after the publication of such announcement, the holders of domestic shares shall be deemed to have received the notice of the relevant shareholders' general meeting.

     

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For holders of H Shares, the notice of the general meeting may also be sent or provided in other ways as provided in Article 229 of the Articles of Association, to the extent permitted under all applicable laws and regulations and the listing rules of the stock exchange of the place where the Company's shares are listed.

     
 

*

Article 183

     
   

The Company's financial reports should be prepared 20 days before the shareholder's annual meeting for their reference. Each shareholder has the right to receive such financial reports mentioned in this Chapter.

     
   

The Company should post above-mentioned reports to the holders of H Shares in pre-paid post 21 days before the shareholder annual meeting; the addressee's address should follow the shareholder register.

     
   

For holders of H Shares, such reports may also be sent or provided to holders of H Shares in other ways as provided in Article 229 of the Articles of Association, to the extent permitted under all applicable laws and regulations and the listing rules of the stock exchange of the place where the Company's shares are listed.

     
 

*

Article 211

     
   

If the Company dismisses or does not continue the re-appointment of the accountancy firm, it should advice the accountancy firm ten days in advance, and the latter has the right to state its opinions in the shareholders' meeting. When the accountancy firm considers it is improper to dismiss or not to continue the re-appointment, it can raise appeal to the competent securities department of the State Council of China and China Chartered Accountants Association. If the accountancy firm resigns, it should explain whether there are improper affairs to the shareholders' meeting.

     
   

The accountancy firm can resign its position by placing the written resignation advice at the Company address. The advice should come into effect on the date when it places the advice or on the date indicated in the advice. The advice should include the following statements:

     
   

(1)

declaration that it considers its resignation has nothing to do with any matters that should be explained to the Company shareholders or creditors; or

       
   

(2)

any such statement of matters that should be explained.

       
   

The Company should send the copy of the advice to the related competent department within 14 days after receiving the written advice in the above-mentioned Article. If the advice carries the statement mentioned in the two clauses of the preceding Article, the Company should also make the statements available for inspection by the Company's shareholders and post it to each holder of H Shares by pre-paid post, the addressee's address should follow the address of shareholders' register. However, such notice may also be sent or provided to holders of H Shares in other ways as provided in Article 229 of the Articles of Association, to the extent permitted under all applicable laws and regulations and the listing rules of the stock exchange of the place where the Company's shares are listed.

     
   

If the accountancy firm resignation advice contains any statement that should be explained, the accountancy firm can request the Board to convene a special shareholders' meeting and listen to its explanation on the resignation.

     
 

*

Article 229

     
   

The company's notices ("notices" include meeting notices, corporate communication or other written materials issued by the Company to shareholders in this Chapter) shall be sent by the following means: (1) by personal delivery; (2) by mail; (3) by public announcement; (4) any other means as accepted by the securities regulatory authority and the stock exchange where the Company' shares are listed or as prescribed in the Articles of Association.

     
   

The company's notices given by public announcement shall be published on newspapers (if any) and/or other media (including websites) designated by the securities regulatory authority and the stock exchange where the Company' shares are listed.

     
   

In respect of issue or supply of corporate communications by the Company to holders of H Shares under the Hong Kong Listing Rules, the Company may send or supply corporate communications to holders of H Shares by means of electronic means or published on the website, to the extent permitted under all applicable laws and regulations and the listing rules of the stock exchange of the place where the Company's shares are listed.

     
   

Corporate communication refers to any documents issued or to be issued by the Company for the information or action of any holders of its securities, including but not limited to:

     
   

(1)

annual reports, including reports of the Board, annual accounts of the Company together with auditor's reports and (where applicable) summary financial reports;

       
   

(2)

interim reports and (where applicable) summary of interim reports;

       
   

(3)

notices of meetings;

       
   

(4)

listing documents;

       

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(5)

circulars; and

       
   

(6)

proxy forms.

       

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at the annual general shareholders' meeting held on June 22, 2010 to expand our business scope set forth in Article 13, which was subsequently further amended on February 28, 2011 at the extraordinary general meeting.

   

*

Our Articles of Association were amended and approved at the extraordinary general shareholders' meeting held on February 28, 2011 to expand our business scope set forth in Article 13. The revised Article 13 reads:

   
 

"The business scope of the Company include: exploration and mining of bauxite and other metal mines, limestone mines and coal mines; production and sale of bauxite and magnesite products, and other metal mines, smelted products and processed products; production and sales of coal; production and sale of carbon products, relevant non-ferrous products, water and electricity, industrial oxygen and nitrogen; production, sales, loading, unloading and transportation of autoclaved fly ash brick; production and sales of sulphuric acid(or hazardous chemical); electricity generation and sales; research and development, production and sales of comprehensive product utilization of ore tailings (including red mud); exploration design, construction and installation; manufacture, installation and maintenance of mechanical equipment, spare parts, non-standard equipment; repair of automobile and engineering machinery, manufacture and sale of automobile of special process; road transportation for cargo; installation, repair, inspection and sales of telecommunication and testing instruments; automatic measurement control, network, software system design and installation debugging; material inspection and analysis; operation of office automation and instruments; relevant technological development and technical service."

   

The following are summaries of material provisions of our Articles of Association insofar as they relate to the material terms of our shares.

 

Our objects and purposes

 

Our Articles of Association as amended from time to time are filed with the Hong Kong Companies Registrar. Our business scope can be found in Article 13 of our Articles of Association, as amended at the shareholders' general meeting held on May 26, 2009 and set forth above.

 

Directors' power to vote on matters in which he or she has an interest

 

Under Article 169, a director shall not vote in any resolution of the board of directors for approving any contract, transaction or arrangement in which such director or any of his associates (as defined in the applicable rules governing the listing of securities amended from time to time) is materially interested, and shall not be either counted into the quorum of the meeting. Unless the interested director has disclosed his or her interest to the board of directors in accordance with the Article 169 and the contract, transaction or arrangement has been approved by the board of directors at a meeting in which the interested director is not counted in the quorum and has refrained from voting, a contract, transaction or arrangement in which such director is materially interested is voidable at the instance of our Company except as against a bona fide party thereto acting without notice of the breach of duty by such director.

 

Borrowing powers

 

Subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the PRC, we have the power to raise and borrow money which power includes (without limitation) the issuance of debentures and the charging or mortgaging of part or whole of our business or properties and other rights permitted. The Articles of Association do not contain any specific provision in respect of the manner in which borrowing powers may be exercised by the directors nor do they contain any specific provision in respect of the manner in which such powers may be varied, other than (a) provisions which give the directors the power to formulate proposals for the issuance of debentures by us; (b) Article 86(2) provides that the issuance of bond must be approved by the shareholders in a general meeting by way of a special resolution; and (c) Article 108(4) provides that the directors have the power to formulate our annual final financial budgets and final accounts which shall be passed by over half of the directors.

 

Age limit for retirement

 

There is no provision pertaining to the retirement of directors pursuant to an age limit requirement in our Articles of Association.

 

Directors' qualifying shares

 

Under Article 103, the directors are not required to hold any qualifying shares.

 

Dividend rights

 

Article 54(1) provides that holders of our common shares have the right to receive dividends and distribution of profits in other forms, in proportion to the number of shares held. Under Article 48, when we convoke a general shareholders' meeting, allocate dividends, liquidates or perform other activities that require the verification of equity rights, the Board or the general meeting convener must specify a date as the equity rights determination date. The shareholders registered in the shareholder roster after closing as at the equity rights determination date are the Company's shareholders entitled to appropriate rights and interests.

 

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Voting rights

 

Article 54(2) provides that holders of our ordinary shares have the right to lawfully request, convene, chair, attend in person or appoint a proxy to attend and vote at general meetings of shareholders in respect of the number of shares held.

 

Rights to share profits

 

Article 60(7) provides that a plan for profit distribution and a plan for making up for losses formulated by the Board in accordance with Article 108(6) must be approved by way of the shareholders' general meeting.

 

Rights to share surplus in the event of liquidation

 

Article 54(6) provides that the shareholders have the right to participate in the distribution of our surplus assets in proportion to the number of shares held in the event of the termination or liquidation of us.

 

Redemption provisions; sinking fund provisions and liability to further capital calls

 

Article 29 provides that we may repurchase issued shares in accordance with the procedures provided in the Articles of Association and with the approvals from the relevant governing authorities of PRC under the following circumstances: (1) cancellation of shares for the purpose of reducing our capital; (2) amalgamation with other company which owns our shares; (3) granting bonus shares to our employees; (4)shareholders disagreeing with our general meeting's resolution on merger or division and requiring us to acquire the shares in their possession; (5) other purposes permitted by law and administrative regulations.

 

No securities issued by us are redeemable, entitled to a sinking fund or subject to liability for further capital calls.

 

Actions necessary to change the rights of holders of our shares or holders of a class of shares

 

Under Article 86(5), revision of any rights of class shareholders, e.g., rights to dividends, share profits or surplus in the event of liquidation or voting rights, requires a special resolution of the shareholders' general meeting. Under Article 79, a special resolution must be passed by votes representing more than two-thirds of the voting rights represented by the shareholders (including proxies) present at the meeting.

 

The rights attached to any class of shares may be varied or abrogated only with the sanction of a special resolution passed at the shareholders' general meeting and by holders of shares of the affected class passed at a separate general meeting of the class convened in accordance with the Article 97 to Article 101 respectively. The circumstances which are deemed to be a variation or abrogation of the class rights are set forth under Article 96. Except for the circumstances under Article 88 (1), (9) and (10), shareholders of the affected class, whether or not otherwise having the right to vote at shareholders' general meetings, have the right to vote at class meetings but Interested Shareholders (as defined under Article 97) are not entitled to vote at class meetings.

 

Resolutions of a class meeting shall be passed by two-thirds or more of the shares with voting rights held by the class shareholders who, according to Article 97, are entitled to vote at that class meeting. Written notice must be given to all shareholders who are registered as holders of that class in the register of shareholders 45 days before the date of the class meeting. Such notice must contain the matters to be considered at such meeting, the date and the place of meeting. Those shareholders of the class who intend to attend send the written reply to us 20 days before the class meeting.

 

The proceedings of a class meetings shall be conducted as nearly as possible as that of a shareholders' general meetings. The provisions in the Articles of Association relating to the proceedings of shareholders' general meetings shall apply to class meetings.

 

The special procedures for approval by a class of shareholders do not apply where we issue, upon the approval by special resolution of shareholders in general meeting, either separately or concurrently once every 12 months, not more than 20% of each of our existing issued Domestic-Invested Shares and Overseas-Listed Foreign-Invested Shares (as defined under Article 18).

 

Provisions discriminating against any existing or prospective shareholder as a result of owning a substantial number of shares

 

Chinalco, as our controlling shareholder, shall not exercise its voting rights in a manner prejudicial to the interest of all or some part of the shareholders when making decision on the following matters:

 

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*

to relieve a director or supervisor of his duty to act honestly in our best interest;

   

*

to approve the expropriation by a director or supervisor (for his own benefit or for the benefit of another), our assets, in any manner, including but not limited to an opportunity beneficial to us; or

   

*

to approve the expropriation by a director or supervisor (for his own benefit or for the benefit of another ) the individual rights of other shareholders, including but not limited to rights to distributions and voting rights save and except our restructuring, submitted for approval by the shareholders in general meeting in accordance with the Articles of Association.

   

Conditions governing the manner in which annual general meetings and extraordinary general meetings of shareholders are convoked

 

Shareholders' general meetings can be held as annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings. Annual general meetings are held once a year within six months after the end of the preceding fiscal year.

 

The Board is required to convene an extraordinary general meeting within two months of the occurrence of any of the following circumstances:

 

(1)

the number of directors falls below the number required by the PRC Company Law or two-thirds of the number required by the Articles of Association:

   

(2)

our unrecovered losses amount to one-third of the total amount of its paid-in-capital;

   

(3)

upon the request of shareholder(s) holding 10 percent or more of our shares for more than ninety consecutive days (the number of shares held shall be the figures as of the date of the written request from shareholder); and

   

(4)

whenever the Board deems necessary or the supervisory committee proposes to convene the same.

   

We shall, within 45 days (inclusive of date of meeting) before the date of meeting, send written notices of the shareholders' general meeting and inform all registered shareholders of the matters to be considered at the meeting and the date and venue of the meeting. Those shareholders who intend to attend the meeting shall send the written reply to the Company 20 days before the meeting.

 

Motions put forward at the general meeting shall be specific and shall relate to the matters to be considered at a shareholders' general meeting. Motion raised at a general meeting shall satisfy the following requirements:

 

(1)

be free of conflicts with the provision of laws, administrative regulations and Articles of Association, and fall within our business scope and the terms of the reference of the shareholders' general meeting;

   

(2)

have definite topics to discuss and specific matters to resolve; and

   

(3)

be submitted in writing or served to the convener.

   

Limitations on the rights to own securities

 

Under Article 18, the shares issued to domestic investors and denominated in Renminbi are Domestic-Invested Shares whereas the shares issued to overseas investors and denominated in foreign currency are Foreign-Invested Shares. Under Article 17, our Domestic-Invested Shares can be held only by PRC shareholders and our Foreign-Invested Shares, such as H Shares and ADSs can be held only by foreign shareholders and other shareholders from regions of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

 

Provisions having an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control

 

Under Article 111, decisions in respect of market development, merger and acquisition, and investment in a new field, where the consideration to be paid or the assets to be acquired exceed 10% of our total assets, the Board is required to engage relevant professional consultants to provide professional opinions, which shall serve as the key reference for the decision of the Board concerning such investment, merger or acquisition.

 

Under Article 86(3), division, merger, dissolution and liquidation of us and material acquisitions and disposals by us must be approved by a special resolution at a shareholders' general meeting.

 

There are no provisions under the Articles of Association pertaining to the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

 

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Conditions governing changes in registered capital

 

Under Article 108(7), any proposal for the increase or decrease of our registered capital must be formulated by the Board. Article 86(1) further provides that any increase or reduction in share capital requires adoption of a special resolution at a shareholders' general meeting.

 

C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS

 

For the two years immediately preceding the date of this annual report, we have not entered into any additional material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business and other than those described in "Item 4. Information on the Company - History and Development of the Company" and "Item 7. - Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions - B. Related Party Transactions".

 

D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS

 

The existing foreign exchange regulations have significantly reduced government foreign exchange controls for transactions under the current account, including trade and service related foreign exchange transactions and payment of dividends. We may undertake current account foreign exchange transactions without prior approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange by producing commercial documents evidencing such transactions, provided that they are processed through Chinese banks licensed to engage in foreign exchange transactions. The PRC government has stated publicly that it intends to make the Renminbi freely convertible in the future. However, we cannot predict whether the PRC government will continue its existing foreign exchange policy and when the PRC government will allow free conversion of Renminbi to foreign currency.

 

Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account, including principal payments in respect of foreign currency-denominated obligations, continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. These limitations could affect our ability to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing, or to obtain foreign exchange for capital expenditures.

 

Since 1994, the conversion of Renminbi into HK and U.S. dollars has been based on rates set by the People's Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day's PRC interbank foreign exchange market rate and current exchange rates on the world financial markets. From 1994 to July 20, 2005, the official exchange rate for the conversion of Renminbi to U.S. dollars was generally stable. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government introduced a managed floating exchange rate system to allow the value of the Renminbi to fluctuate within a regulated band based on market supply and demand and by reference to a basket of currencies. Since then, the PRC government has made, and may in the future make, further adjustments to the exchange rate system. The People's Bank of China announces the closing price of a foreign currency traded against the Renminbi in the inter-bank foreign exchange market after the closing of the market on each working day, and makes it the central parity for the trading against the Renminbi on the following working day. Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the value, translated or converted into U.S. dollars or HK dollars, of our net assets, earnings and any declared dividends. We cannot give any assurance that any future movements in the exchange rate of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies will not adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

 

E. TAXATION

 

PRC Taxation

 

The following summary of the material PRC and United States federal income tax provisions relating to the ownership and disposition of H Shares or ADSs held by the investor as capital assets is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this annual report, all of which are subject to change, and does not constitute legal or tax advice. This summary does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws.

 

Dividends Paid to Individual Investors

 

According to the PRC Individual Income Tax Law, as amended, dividends paid by Chinese companies to a domestic individual are ordinarily subject to a PRC withholding tax levied at a flat rate of 20%. For a foreign individual who is not a resident of China, the receipt of dividends from a company in China is normally subject to a withholding tax of 20% unless specifically exempted by the tax authority of the State Council of China or reduced by an applicable tax treaty. However, on July 21, 1993, the PRC State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice Concerning the Taxation of Gains on Transfer and Dividends from Shares (Equities) Received by Foreign Investment Enterprises, Foreign Enterprises and Foreign Individual (the "Tax Notice"). Under the Tax Notice, dividends paid by a Chinese company to foreign individuals with respect to shares listed on an overseas stock exchange, or Overseas Shares, including the H Shares and ADSs, are temporarily exempt from a PRC withholding tax. However, if the Tax Notice is withdrawn, we will withhold such taxes as required by law.

 

In a letter dated July 26, 1994 to the former State Commission for Restructuring the Economic System, the former State Council Securities Committee and the CSRC, the PRC State Administration of Taxation restated the exemption. In the event that the letter is withdrawn, a 20% tax may be withheld on dividends paid to non-PRC individual holders of H Shares or ADSs, subject to reduction by an applicable tax treaty between China and the country where such holders reside. To date, the relevant tax authorities have not collected withholding tax from dividend payments on such shares exempted under the Tax Notice.

 

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Dividends Paid to Non-PRC Enterprises

 

According to the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, which became effective on January 1, 2008, dividends derived from the revenues accumulated from January 1, 2008 and are paid by Chinese companies to non-resident enterprises, which are established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions and have no establishment or residence in China or whose dividends from China do not relate to their establishment or residence in China, are ordinarily subject to a Chinese withholding tax levied at a flat rate of 10% unless exempted or reduced pursuant to an applicable double-taxation treaty or other exemptions. Dividends paid by PRC companies to resident enterprises, including enterprises established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions but whose "de facto management body" is located in the PRC, are not subject to any PRC withholding tax, unless the dividends are derived from the publicly traded shares which have been held continuously by the resident enterprises for less than twelve months. Before the effectiveness of the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, a foreign enterprise with no permanent establishment in China receiving dividends paid with respect to a Chinese company's Overseas Shares was temporarily not subject to the 10% withholding tax according to the Tax Notice. This exemption has been abolished by the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules. However, the withholding tax rate could be reduced under an applicable double-taxation treaty.

 

Tax Treaties

 

Non-PRC shareholders who are residents or citizens of a country that has entered into a double-taxation treaty with China may be entitled to a reduction in the amount of tax withheld, if any, imposed on the payment of dividends. China currently has such treaties with a number of countries, including:

 

*

the United States;

   

*

Australia;

   

*

Canada;

   

*

France;

   

*

Germany;

   

*

Japan;

   

*

Malaysia;

   

*

Singapore;

   

*

the United Kingdom; and

   

*

the Netherlands.

   

Under each one of such treaties, the rate of withholding tax imposed by China's taxation authorities is generally reduced. For example, under the double taxation treaty between China and the United States, China may tax dividends paid by us to an eligible U.S. holder up to a maximum of 10% of the gross amount received by such person. Under the treaty, an eligible U.S. holder is a person who, by reason of domicile, residence, place or head office, place of incorporation or any other criterion of similar nature is subject to taxation in the United States, as applicable under the treaty's "treaty shopping provisions".

 

Capital Gains

 

According to the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, which became effective on January 1, 2008, capital gains realized by foreign enterprises, which are established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions and have no establishment or residence in China or whose capital gains from China do not relate to their establishment or residence in China, are ordinarily subject to capital gains tax at the rate of 10%. The capital gains realized by resident enterprises, including enterprises established under the laws of non-PRC jurisdictions but whose "de facto management body" is located in the PRC, upon the sales of overseas-listed shares are subject to the PRC enterprise income tax. Before the effectiveness of the Enterprise Income Tax Law, gains realized by foreign enterprises that are holders of Overseas Shares of a PRC company excluding the shares held through their PRC domestic establishment or residences were, temporarily, exempted from the withholding tax according to the Tax Notice. However, the effectiveness of such exemption granted by the Tax Notice becomes uncertain in light of the provisions under the Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules. With respect to individual holders of H Shares, the Provisions for Implementation of Individual Income Tax Law of China, as amended, or the Provisions, stipulated that income tax on gains realized on the sale of equity shares shall be regulated in separate rules to be drafted by the Ministry of Finance. However, no income tax on gains realized on the sale of equity shares has been collected. Gains on the sale of shares by individuals were temporarily exempted from individual income tax pursuant to notices issued jointly by the Ministry of Finance and the PRC State Administration of Taxation dated March 30, 1998. According to the Tax Notice, individual holders of Overseas Shares, such as H Shares, are temporarily not subject to capital gains tax.

 

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Additional China Tax Considerations

 

Under the Provisional Regulations of the PRC Concerning the Stamp Duty, a stamp duty is not imposed by China on the transfer of shares, such as the H Shares or ADSs, of Chinese publicly traded companies that take place outside of China.

 

United States Federal Income Taxation

 

Each potential investor is strongly urged to consult his or her own tax advisor to determine the particular United States federal, state, local, treaty and foreign tax consequences of acquiring, owning or disposing of the H Shares or ADSs.

 

The following is a general discussion of material United States federal income tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of the H Shares or ADSs if you are a U.S. holder, as defined below, and hold the H Shares or ADSs as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended (the "Code"). This discussion does not address all of the tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the H Shares or ADSs, and does not take into account U.S. holders who may be subject to special rules including:

 

*

tax-exempt entities;

   

*

partnerships or other entities treated as partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes;

   

*

banks, financial institutions, and insurance companies;

   

*

real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies and grantor trusts;

   

*

dealers or traders in securities, commodities or currencies;

   

*

U.S. holders liable for alternative minimum tax;

   

*

U.S. holders that own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of our voting stock;

   

*

persons who receive the H Shares or ADSs as compensation for services;

   

*

U.S. holders that hold the H Shares or ADSs as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction;

   

*

certain U.S. expatriates; or

   

*

U.S. holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

   

Moreover, this description does not address United States federal estate, gift or alternative minimum taxes or any state or local tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the H Shares or ADSs.

 

This discussion is based on the Code, its legislative history, final, temporary and proposed United States Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, published rulings and court decisions as in effect on the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, or changes in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this discussion is based in part upon representations of the depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreements will be performed according to its terms.

 

You are a "U.S. holder" if you are a beneficial owner of H Shares or ADSs and are:

 

*

an individual citizen or resident of the United States for United States federal income tax purposes;

   

*

a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes, created or organized under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof;

   

*

an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income tax without regard to its source; or

   

*

a trust:

   
 

*

subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and the control of one or more United States persons; or

     
 

*

that has elected to be treated as a United States person under applicable United States Treasury regulations.

     

If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for United States federal tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of the H Shares or ADSs, the treatment of the partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If an investor is a partner in a partnership that holds H Shares or ADSs, such investor should consult its tax advisor. We urge you to consult your tax advisors regarding the United States federal, state, local and non-United States tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the H Shares or ADSs.

 

In general, if you hold ADRs evidencing ADSs, you will be treated as the owner of the H Shares represented by the ADSs. Exchanges of H Shares for ADRs, and ADRs for H Shares, generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax.

 

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INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSIDERATIONS APPLICABLE TO THEM RELATING TO THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE H SHARES OR ADSs, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL TAX LAWS OR NON-U.S. TAX LAWS, ANY CHANGES IN APPLICABLE TAX LAWS AND ANY PENDING OR PROPOSED LEGISLATION OR REGULATIONS.

 

Distributions on the H Shares or ADSs

 

Subject to the discussions below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company", the gross amount of any distribution (without reduction for any PRC tax withheld) we make on the H Shares or ADSs out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes) will be includible in your gross income as ordinary dividend income when the distribution is actually or constructively received by you, or by the depositary in the case of ADSs. Distributions that exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to you to the extent of your basis in the H Shares or ADSs and thereafter as capital gain. We, however, may not calculate earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. tax principles. In this case, all distributions by us to U.S. holders will generally be treated as dividends. Any dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to United States corporations in respect of dividends received from United States corporations. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of such property on the date of such distribution.

 

Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual, trust or estate in a taxable year prior to January 1, 2011 with respect to the H Shares or ADSs will be subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15% if the dividends are "qualified dividends." Dividends paid on H Shares or ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if either (i) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, has approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules, or (ii) the dividends are with respect to ADSs readily tradable on a U.S. securities market, provided that we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. The Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the People's Republic of China for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Tax Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income PFIC rules (the "Treaty") has been approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules, and we expect to qualify for benefits under the Treaty. We are considered a qualified foreign corporation with respect to the ADSs because our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, based on our audited financial statements and relevant market data, we believe that we did not satisfy the definition for PFIC status for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2009 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market data, we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC for our 2010 taxable year or any future year. However, our status in the current year and future years will depend on our income and assets (which for this purpose depends in part on the market value of the H Shares or ADSs) in those years. See the discussion below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company".

 

The U.S. Treasury has announced its intention to promulgate rules pursuant to which holders of common stock and intermediaries through whom such stock is held will be permitted to rely on certifications from issuers to establish that dividends are treated as qualified dividends. Because such procedures have not yet been issued, it is not clear whether we will be able to comply with them. Holders of H Shares or ADSs should consult their own tax advisers regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in light of their own particular circumstances.

 

If we make a distribution paid in HK dollars, you will be considered to receive the U.S. dollar value of the distribution determined at the spot HK dollar/U.S. dollar rate on the date such distribution is received by you or by the depositary, regardless of whether you or the depositary convert the distribution into U.S. dollars. Any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the dividend payment is includible in your income to the date you or the depositary convert the distribution into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss from U.S. sources.

 

Subject to various limitations, any PRC tax withheld from distributions in accordance with the Treaty will be deductible or creditable against your United States federal income tax liability. Dividends paid by us generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes and will be categorized as "passive income" or, in the case of certain U.S. holders as "general category income" for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

 

In the event we are required to withhold PRC income tax on dividends paid to U.S. holders on the H Shares or ADSs (see discussion under "-PRC Taxation - China"), you may be able to claim a reduced 10% rate of PRC withholding tax if you are eligible for the benefits under the Treaty. You should consult your own tax advisor about the eligibility for reduction of PRC withholding tax.

 

You may not be able to claim a foreign tax credit (and instead may claim a deduction) for non-United States taxes imposed on dividends paid on the H Shares or ADSs if you (i) have held the H Shares or ADSs for less than a specified minimum period during which you are not protected from risk of loss with respect to such shares, or (ii) are obligated to make payments related to the dividends (for example, pursuant to a short sale). The rules relating to the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstance.

 

86


 

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition

 

Subject to the discussions below under "- Passive Foreign Investment Company", upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the H Shares or ADSs, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized and your tax basis, determined in U.S. dollars, in such H Shares or ADSs. The rules relating to the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstance. Any gain or loss will generally be United States source gain or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes and as a result of the U.S. foreign tax credit limitation, foreign taxes, if any, imposed upon capital gains in respect of H Shares or ADSs may not be currently creditable. Under that Treaty, if any PRC tax was to be imposed on any gain from the disposition of H Shares or ADSs, the gain may be treated as PRC-source income. U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences if a foreign withholding tax is imposed on a disposition of H Shares or ADSs, including the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.

 

If you are paid in a currency other than U.S. dollars, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date of the payment resulting from sale, exchange or other disposition is made to the date you convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be treated as United States source ordinary income or loss.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company

 

In general, a foreign corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year in which, after applying relevant look-through rules with respect to the income and assets of subsidiaries:

 

*

75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income, such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the sale of assets that give rise to such income; or

   

*

50% or more of the average quarterly value of its assets consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.

   

Passive income does not include rents and royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business. If we own at least 25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, we will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as owning our proportionate share of the other corporation's assets and receiving our proportionate share of the other corporation's income.

 

Based on the composition of our assets and income and the current expectations regarding the price of the H Shares and ADSs, we believe that we should not be treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2010 taxable year and we do not intend or anticipate becoming a PFIC for any future taxable year. The determination of PFIC status is a factual determination that must be made annually at the close of each taxable year and therefore, there can be no certainty as to our status in this regard until the close of the 2010 taxable year. Changes in the nature of our income or assets or a decrease in the trading price of the H Shares or ADSs may cause us to be considered a PFIC in the current or any subsequent year.

 

If we were a PFIC in any taxable year that you held the H Shares or ADSs, you generally would be subject to special rule" with respect to "excess distributions" made by us on the H Shares or ADSs and with respect to gain from your disposition of the H Shares or ADSs. An "excess distribution" generally is defined as the excess of the distributions you receive with respect to the H Shares or ADSs in any taxable year over 125% of the average annual distributions you have received from us during the shorter of the three preceding years, or your holding period for the H Shares or ADSs. Generally, you would be required to allocate any excess distribution or gain from the disposition of the H Shares or ADSs ratably over your holding period for the H Shares or ADSs. The portion of the excess distribution or gain allocated to a prior taxable year, other than a year prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be taxed at the highest United States federal income tax rate on ordinary income in effect for such taxable year, and you would be subject to an interest charge on the resulting tax liability, determined as if the tax liability had been due with respect to such particular taxable years. The portion of the excess distribution or gain that is not allocated to prior taxable years, together with the portion allocated to the years prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be included in your gross income for the taxable year of the excess distribution or disposition and taxed as ordinary income.

 

These adverse tax consequences may be avoided if the U.S. holder is eligible to and does elect to annually mark-to-market the H Shares or ADSs. If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election, such holder will generally include as ordinary income the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the H Shares or ADSs at the end of each taxable year over their adjusted basis, and will be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the H Shares or ADSs over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election). Any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of the H Shares or ADSs will be treated as ordinary income. The mark-to-market election is available only for "marketable stock," which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter on a qualified exchange or other market, as defined in the applicable Treasury regulations. The H Shares or ADSs may qualify as "marketable stock" because the ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

 

A U.S. holder's adjusted tax basis in the H Shares or ADSs will be increased by the amount of any income inclusion and decreased by the amount of any deductions under the mark-to-market rules. If a U.S. holder makes a mark-to-market election it will be effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years unless the H Shares or ADSs are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election. U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors about the availability of the mark-to-market election, and whether making the election would be advisable in their particular circumstances.

 

87


 

Alternatively, a timely election to treat us as a qualified electing fund could be made to avoid the foregoing rules with respect to excess distributions and dispositions. You should be aware, however, that if we become a PFIC, we do not intend to satisfy record keeping requirements that would permit you to make a qualified electing fund election.

 

If you own the H Shares or ADSs during any year that we are a PFIC, you must file IRS Form 8621. The reduced tax rate for dividend income, as discussed above under "- Distributions on the H Shares or ADSs," is not applicable to a dividend paid by us if we are a PFIC for either our taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding year. We encourage you to consult your own tax advisor concerning the United States federal income tax consequences of holding the H Shares or ADSs that would arise if we were considered a PFIC.

 

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

 

In general, information reporting requirements will apply to dividends in respect of the H Shares or ADSs or the proceeds of the sale, exchange, or redemption of the H Shares or ADSs paid within the United States, and in some cases, outside of the United States, other than to various exempt recipients, including corporations. In addition, you may, under some circumstances, be subject to "backup withholding" with respect to dividends paid on the H Shares or ADSs or the proceeds of any sale, exchange or transfer of the H Shares or ADSs, unless you

 

*

are a corporation or fall within various other exempt categories, and, when required, demonstrate this fact; or

   

*

provide a correct taxpayer identification number on a properly completed IRS Form W-9 or a substitute form, certify that you are exempt from backup withholding and otherwise comply with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules.

   

Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be creditable against your United States federal income tax liability provided that you furnish the required information to the IRS in a timely manner. If you do not provide a correct taxpayer identification number you may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS.

 

Hong Kong Taxation

 

The following discussion summarizes the material Hong Kong tax provisions relating to the ownership of H Shares or ADSs held by you.

 

Dividends

 

Under current Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department practice, no Hong Kong tax is payable by the recipient in respect of dividends paid by us.

 

Taxation of Capital Gains.

 

No Hong Kong tax is imposed on capital gains arising from the sale of property (such as H Shares) acquired and held as investment assets. However, if a person carries on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong (e.g., trading and dealing in securities) and derives trading gains from that trade, profession or business in or from Hong Kong, Hong Kong profits tax will be payable. Gains from sales of H Shares effected on or off the Hong Kong Stock Exchange are considered to be derived from or arise in Hong Kong for this purpose. Hong Kong profits tax is currently charged at the rate of 16.5% for corporations and at the rate of 15% for individuals.

 

No Hong Kong tax liability will arise on capital or trading gains arising from the sale of ADSs where the purchase and sale is effected outside Hong Kong, e.g. on the NYSE.

 

Hong Kong Stamp Duty

 

Hong Kong stamp duty is payable by each of the seller and the purchaser for every sold note and every bought note created for every sale and purchase of the H Shares. Stamp duty is charged at the total rate of 0.2% of the value of the H Shares transferred (the buyer and seller each paying half of such stamp duty). In addition, a fixed duty of HK$5 is currently payable on an instrument of transfer of H Shares. If one of the parties to a sale is a non-resident of Hong Kong and does not pay the required stamp duty, the stamp duty not paid will be assessed on the instrument of transfer (if any), and the transferee will be liable for payment of such stamp duty.

 

88


 

If the withdrawal of H Shares when ADSs are surrendered or the issuance of ADSs when H Shares are deposited results in a change of beneficial ownership in the H Shares under Hong Kong law, Hong Kong stamp duty at the rate described above for sale and purchase transaction will apply. The issuance of ADSs for deposited H Shares issued directly to the depositary or for the account of the depositary should not lead to a Hong Kong stamp duty liability. Holders of the ADSs are not liable for the Hong Kong stamp duty on transfers of ADSs outside of Hong Kong so long as the transfers do not result in a change of beneficial interest in the H Shares under Hong Kong law.

 

H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

 

We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the SEC. Specifically, we are required to file an annual report under Form 20-F no later than six months after the close of each of our fiscal years, which is December 31. Copies of reports and other information, when so filed, may be inspected without charge and may be obtained at prescribed rates at the SEC's public reference room located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR filing system. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports and proxy statements, and officers, directors and principal shareholders of ours are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

 

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

We are exposed to various types of market risks, including credit risk relating to financial assets and changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and the prices of alumina and primary aluminum, in the normal course of business.

 

We borrow short-term, medium-term and long-term funds, including variable rate debts, principally denominated in Renminbi. We hedge a limited amount of our sales through the trade of futures contracts on the SHFE and LME. Our hedging activities are subject to policies approved by our senior management. Substantially all of the financial instruments we hold are for purposes other than trading.

 

The following discussion, which contains "forward-looking statements" that involve risks and uncertainties, summarize our market-sensitive financial instruments. Such discussions address markets risk only and do not present other risks, which we face in the normal course of business.

 

Credit Risk

 

Credit risk arises from bank balances, other receivables as well as credit exposures of customers, including outstanding receivables and committed transactions. We also provide financial guarantees to certain subsidiaries. The carrying amounts of these receivables and amounts of financial guarantees represent the our maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to our financial assets and guarantees.

 

We maintain a significant majority of our bank balances and cash in several major state-owned banks in the PRC. The directors are of the opinion that these assets are not exposed to significant credit risk.

 

With regard to trade and notes receivable, the marketing department assesses the credit quality of the customers, taking into account their financial positions, past experience and other factors. We perform periodic credit evaluations of our customers and believe that adequate provisions for impairment of receivables have been made in the financial statements. Management does not expect any further losses from non-performance by these counterparties. We do not hold any collateral as security for these receivables.

 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, none of the customers individually exceeded 10% of the our total revenues, and thus, we are not exposed to any significant concentration of credit risk.

 

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

 

We conduct our business primarily in Renminbi, which is our functional and reporting currency. We convert a portion of our Renminbi revenues into other currencies to meet foreign currency obligations and to pay for imported equipment and materials.

 

Many foreign currency exchange transactions involving Renminbi, including foreign exchange transactions under our capital account, are subject to foreign exchange controls and require the approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange. Actions taken by the PRC government could cause future exchange rates to vary significantly from current or historical exchange rates. On July 21, 2005 the People's Bank of China announced a reform of its exchange rate system. Under the reform, the RMB is no longer effectively linked to the U.S. dollar but instead is allowed to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of foreign currencies, according to market demand and supply conditions. Fluctuations in exchange rates could adversely affect the value, translated or converted into U.S. dollars or Hong Kong dollars, of our net assets, earnings and any declared dividends. We cannot assure you that any future movements in the exchange rates of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies will not adversely affect our operating performances and financial condition.

 

89


 

As of December 31, 2010, we had certain foreign currency denominated loans with principal of RMB50 million (US$7.6 million) in Japanese Yen and RMB938 million (US$142 million) in U.S. dollars. In addition, our foreign currency denominated short-term bank deposits amounted to RMB441.0million(US$66.8 million), of which RMB303.3 million (US$45.9 million) was denominated in U.S. dollars, RMB103.6 million (US$15.7 million) was denominated in Australian dollars, RMB31.1 million (US$4.7 million) was denominated in HK dollars and RMB3.0 million (US$0.5 million) was denominated in Euros. Most of our sales are domestic and as such we have a limited amount of foreign currency denominated trade and notes receivable.

 

As of December 31, 2010, as the foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities take an insignificant portion of our total assets and liabilities, the directors are of the opinion that we are not exposed to any significant foreign exchange risk.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

We are exposed to interest rate risk resulting from fluctuations in interest rates on our debts, primarily on our long-term debt obligations. Our debts consist of fixed and variable rate debt obligations with original maturities ranging from 1 to 30 years. We undertake debt obligations to support general corporate purposes including capital expenditures and working capital needs. Upward fluctuations in interest rates increase the cost of new debts and the interest cost of outstanding variable rate borrowings. We do not currently use any derivative instruments to modify the nature of our debts so as to manage our interest rate risk. Instead, our treasury department closely monitors the market interest rates and maintains proper portfolio of variable rate and fixed rate debts in order to reduce the exposure to any one form of interest rate risk.

 

The table below sets forth information about our interest rate sensitive financial instruments, including debt instruments denominated in foreign currency that are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rates. The table presents principal cash flows and related weighted average interest rates by expected maturity dates. The information is presented in Renminbi equivalents. We do not have any capital lease obligations. The information below should be read in conjunction with our audited statement of financial position and Note 20 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 
   

Expected Maturity

   


   

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Thereafter

Total

Fair value

   









   

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

RMB

   

(in thousand)

Short-term loans:

                 
                   

Fixed rate (RMB)

 

19,894,540

-

-

-

-

-

19,894,540

19,894,540

Average interest rate

 

4.55%

             

Fixed rate (US$)

 

695,140

-

-

-

-

-

695,140

695,140

Average interest rate

 

2.98%

             
                   

Short-term bonds:

                 
                   

Fixed rate (RMB)

 

10,700,000

-

-

-

-

-

10,700,000

10,700,000

Average interests rate

 

3.13%

             
                   

Long-term loans:

                 
                   

Fixed rate (Japanese Yen)

 

3,150

3,150

3,150

3,150

3,150

34,655

50,405

55,277

Average interest rate

 

2.30%

2.30%

2.30%

2.30%

2.30%

2.30%

   

Variable rate (RMB)

 

5,231,576

3,591,556

4,689,781

4,342,806

2,279,183

3,644,392

23,779,294

23,779,294

Average interest rate

 

4.84%

4.92%

4.59%

4.42%

4.34%

5.23%

   

Variable rate (US$)

 

29,802

29,802

29,802

29,802

76,321

46,964

242,493

242,493

Average interest rate

 

5.57%

5.60%

5.49%

5.70%

5.23%

5.84%

   
                   

Medium-term notes and long-term bonds:

                 
                   

Fixed rate (RMB)

 

5,000,000

-

5,000,000

-

2,000,000

2,000,000

14,000,000

13,809,691

Average interest rate

 

5.08%

 

4.78%

 

4.45%

4.63%

   
   










 

 

 

 

Note:

Data in Renminbi equivalents

   

Commodity Price Risk

 

We are exposed to fluctuations in the prices of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products. We import a portion of our alumina supply from suppliers outside China. Such purchases are made at market prices. In addition, all our sales of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products are made at market prices. Therefore, fluctuations in the prices of alumina and primary aluminum have a significant effect on our operating performances.

 

90


 

We use the majority of our futures contracts traded on the SHFE and LME to hedge against adverse fluctuations in aluminum prices. However, we limit the quantity of primary aluminum which can be hedged using these financial instruments to 50% of our annual quantity produced. In addition, the futures contracts are marked to market at statement of financial position dates and corresponding unrealized holding gains are recorded in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, we did not hold any option contract. The unrealized holding losses for the years ended December 31, 2008 was RMB21.5 million. The unrealized holding losses amounted to RMB34.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The unrealized holding gain amounted to RMB39.8 million (US$6.0 million) for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

The fair value of futures contracts are based on quoted market prices. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, our position in futures contracts is as follows:

 
   

As of December 31, 2009

As of December 31, 2010

   

     

Contract

Market

Unrealized

   

Contract

Market

Unrealized

 
   

Tonnes

value

value

gain/(loss)

Maturity

Tonnes

value

value

gain/(loss)

Maturity

   











     

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

   

RMB'000

RMB'000

RMB'000

 
                       

Futures Contracts:

                     

Primary aluminum

                     

-Short

 

60,135

971,242

1,034,003

(62,761)

January to

34,305

562,569

571,118

(8,549)

January to

           

October 2010

       

November 2011

-Long

 

7,015

102,687

117,574

14,887

January to

1,000

16,557

16,790

233

March 2011

           

February 2001

         

Zincum

                     

-Short

 

10,580

224,591

224,508

83

April 2010

-

-

-

-

N/A

Copper

                     

-Short

 

-

-

-

-

N/A

675

47,829

47,547

282

January 2011

   











                       
     

1,298,520

1,376,085

(47,791)

   

626,955

635,455

(8,034)

 
     




   




 

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

 

A. DEBT SECURITIES

 

Not applicable.

 

B. WARRANTS AND RIGHTS

 

Not applicable.

 

C. OTHER SECURITIES

 

Not applicable.

 

D. AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

 

The following table summarizes the fees and charges that a holder of our ADSs may have to pay, directly or indirectly, in connection with the ownership of Chalco's American Depositary Receipts.

 

Persons depositing or withdrawing shares must pay:

For:

   

$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs)

*

Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property

     
 

*

Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the deposit agreement terminates

     

$.02 (or less) per ADS

*

Any cash distribution to ADS registered holders

     

A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to you had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs

*

Distribution of securities distributed to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to ADS registered holders

     

$.02 (or less) per ADS per calendar year

*

Depositary services

     

Registration or transfer fees

*

Transfer and registration of shares on our share register to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw shares

     

91


 

Expenses of the depositary

*

Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement)

     
 

*

Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars

     

Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes

*

As necessary

     

Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for servicing the deposited securities

*

As necessary

     

The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, has agreed to reimburse certain reasonable expenses related to our ADR program and incurred by us in connection with the program. From January 1, 2010 to April 1, 2011, we received from the depositary reimbursements of US$8,395.5, net of withholding tax, for our continuing annual stock exchange listing fees and our expenses incurred in connection with investor relationship programs. In addition, the depositary has agreed to reimburse us annually for our expenses incurred in connection with investor relationship programs in the future.

 

PART II

 

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

 

None.

 

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

None.

 

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report, have concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of a company's assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Under the supervision of and with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010 based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010.

 

The effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

 

92


 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

During 2010, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year covered by this annual report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

 

Our audit committee members are Mr. Wang Mengkui, Mr. Zhu Demiao and Mr. Zhang Zhuoyuan. Our Board has determined that Mr. Zhu Demiao, the chairman of the audit committee, qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" as defined in Item 16A of Form 20-F and is the financial expert serving on our audit committee. See "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees".

 

ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

 

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, other directors, independent non-executive directors, senior management and employees. We have posted our Code of Ethics on our website: www.chalco.com.cn. A hard copy of this Code of Ethics is available to investors free of charge upon written request to the address on the cover of this annual report on Form 20-F.

 

ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 

PricewaterhouseCoopers served as our independent auditor for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. A description of the fees billed to us by PricewaterhouseCoopers for professional services in each of the last two fiscal years is set forth below:

 
 

Year ended December 31,

 


 

2009

2010

 



 

(RMB in thousands)

 

 

Audit fees(1) and audit-related fees(2)

 

20,302

16,430

All other fees(3)

 

12

-

   



       

Total

 

20,314

16,430

   



       


 

 

 

 

(1)

"Audit fees" represents fee obtained from annual audit work.

   

(2)

"Audit-related fees" represents fees charged by PricewaterhouseCoopers for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported under "Audit fees".

   

(3)

"All other fees" represents fees for the advisory services on SAP implementation project and overseas custom duties.

   

Our audit committee pre-approves all audit and non-audit services performed by our principal accountants, including the services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16E. PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

 

We do not have an equity securities repurchase program and did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Item 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

The NYSE has imposed a series of corporate governance listing standards for companies listed on the NYSE in Section 303A of its listing rules. However, the NYSE provides that listed companies that are foreign private issuers, subject to certain limitations and conditions, are permitted to follow "home country" practice in lieu of the provisions of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. As a foreign issuers listed on the NYSE, we are required to disclose a summary of the significant differences between our domestic corporate governance rules and NYSE corporate governance rules that apply to U.S. domestic issuers.

 

93


 
 

NYSE Listed Company Manual

   
 

Requirements on Corporate Governance

  Our Practice
       

Majority of independent directors

NYSE requires that the board of a listed company must comprise a majority of independent directors. There is no identical corporate governance requirement in the PRC. PRC securities regulatory authorities require that the board of a listed company shall comprise at least one-third of independent directors.

 

Our Board currently comprises three independent directors and five non-independent directors which is in compliance with the requirement by the PRC securities regulatory authorities.

       

Compensation Committee

NYSE requires U.S. domestic issuers to have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to such requirement.

 

We have a remuneration committee that consists of three independent directors and one non-executive director.

       

Nominating Committee

NYSE requires U.S. domestic issuers to have only independent directors on their nominating committees. As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to such requirement.

 

We have a nomination committee that consists of two executive directors and three independent directors.

       

Corporate governance committee

NYSE requires a listed company to establish a corporate governance committee which comprises entirely of independent directors. The corporate governance committee shall be co-established with the nomination committee and have a written charter. The corporate governance committee is responsible (i) for recommending to the board a set of corporate governance guidelines applicable to the corporation; and (ii) supervising the operation of the board and the management. The corporate governance committee shall also be subject to evaluation annually. There is no identical corporate governance requirement in the PRC.

 

Like most of the other companies incorporated in the PRC, we believe that corporate governance measures are of critical importance and should be implemented by the Board. We accordingly do not separately maintain a corporate governance committee.

       

PART III

 

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Our consolidated financial statements are included at the end of this annual report on Form 20-F.

 

ITEM 18 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

We have elected to provide financial statements pursuant to Item 17.

 

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit Number

Description

   

8.1

List of Subsidiaries of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited as of December 31, 2010

12.1

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

12.2

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

13.1

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

13.2

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

SIGNATURES

 

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on this Form 20-F on its behalf.

 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

 
 

By: /s/ XIONG Weiping

   
 

Name: XIONG Weiping

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

   
 

Date: April 15, 2011

 

94


 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the shareholders of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited

 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in shareholders' equity and consolidated cash flow statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (the "Company") and its subsidiaries (together the "Group") at December 31, 2009 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 15 of Form 20-F. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

 

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers

PricewaterhouseCoopers

 

Hong Kong

April 15, 2011

 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 


 

 

2009

2010

2010

 

Note

RMB

RMB

USD






 

       

ASSETS

       

 

       

Non-current assets

       

   Intangible assets

7

3,049,475

3,033,875

459,678

   Property, plant and equipment

8

89,661,081

90,778,672

13,754,344

   Non-current assets held for sale

8(a)

-

40,965

6,207

   Land use rights and leasehold land

9

1,943,547

2,180,946

330,446

   Investments in jointly controlled entities

10(a)

685,459

990,568

150,086

   Investments in associates

10(b)

197,070

1,212,608

183,728

   Available-for-sale financial assets

11

56,313

44,878

6,800

   Deferred income tax assets

12

1,647,240

1,410,781

213,755

   Other non-current assets

13

401,127

304,199

46,091






 

       

 

 

97,641,312

99,997,492

15,151,135






 

       

Current assets

       

   Non-current assets held for sale

8(a)

-

621,705

94,198

   Inventories

14

20,423,227

21,780,047

3,300,007

   Trade and notes receivable

15

3,203,082

3,269,973

495,450

   Other current assets

16

4,848,744

6,139,969

930,298

   Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

 

64

17,208

2,607

   Restricted cash

17

365,409

462,935

70,142

   Time deposits

17

91,941

50,000

7,576

   Cash and cash equivalents

17

7,401,410

8,982,710

1,361,017






 

       

 

 

36,333,877

41,324,547

6,261,295






 

       

Total assets

 

133,975,189

141,322,039

21,412,430






 

       

EQUITY

       

 

       

Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company

       

   Share capital

18

13,524,488

13,524,488

2,049,165

   Other reserves

19

19,083,252

19,553,623

2,962,670

   Retained earnings

       

      - proposed final dividend

33

-

154,179

23,360

      - others

19

17,792,998

18,348,502

2,780,077






 

       

 

 

50,400,738

51,580,792

7,815,272

Non-controlling interests

 

5,180,419

5,606,063

849,403






 

       

Total equity

 

55,581,157

57,186,855

8,664,675






 

       

F-1

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 


 

 

2009

2010

2010

 

Note

RMB

RMB

USD






 

       

LIABILITIES

       

 

       

Non-current liabilities

       

 

       

   Borrowings

20

37,804,482

27,723,867

4,200,586

   Deferred income tax liabilities

12

34,535

-

-

   Other non-current liabilities

21

525,154

677,770

102,692






 

       

 

 

38,364,171

28,401,637

4,303,278






 

       

Current liabilities

       

   Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

 

47,855

8,559

1,297

   Borrowings

20

25,819,757

41,719,869

6,321,192

   Other payables and accrued expenses

22

7,927,988

7,533,069

1,141,375

   Trade and notes payable

23

6,172,443

6,376,342

966,112

   Current income tax liabilities

 

61,818

95,708

14,501






 

       

 

 

40,029,861

55,733,547

8,444,477






 

       

Total liabilities

 

78,394,032

84,135,184

12,747,755






 

       

Total equity and liabilities

 

133,975,189

141,322,039

21,412,430






 

       

Net current liabilities

2.1.1

(3,695,984)

(14,409,000)

(2,183,182)






 

       

Total assets less current liabilities

 

93,945,328

85,588,492

12,967,953






 

       

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

F-2

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

2010

 

Note

RMB

RMB

RMB

USD







           

Revenue

6

76,728,147

70,268,005

120,994,847

18,332,553

Cost of sales

 

(70,960,668)

(69,079,446)

(113,349,941)

(17,174,234)







           

Gross profit

 

5,767,479

1,188,559

7,644,906

1,158,319

           

Selling and distribution expenses

25

(1,562,841)

(1,264,920)

(1,573,301)

(238,379)

General and administrative expenses

26

(2,507,011)

(2,956,506)

(2,623,740)

(397,536)

Research and development expenses

 

(177,507)

(177,756)

(164,235)

(24,884)

Impairment charge/write-off of on property,

         

   plant and equipment

8

(1,334)

(623,791)

(701,781)

(106,331)

Other income

27(a)

100,781

151,142

328,853

49,826

Other gains, net

27(b)

212,840

403,836

491,024

74,398







           

Operating profit/(loss)

 

1,832,407

(3,279,436)

3,401,726

515,413

           

Finance income

28

193,091

125,139

91,109

13,804

Finance costs

28

(1,902,758)

(2,262,964)

(2,586,293)

(391,863)

Share of profit/(loss) of jointly controlled entities

10(a)

1,672

(50,392)

233,784

35,422

Share of profit of associates

10(b)

10,045

77,056

240,028

36,368







           

Profit/(loss) before income tax

 

134,457

(5,390,597)

1,380,354

209,144

           

Income tax benefit/(expense)

31

34,172

711,003

(411,216)

(62,305)







           

Profit/(loss) for the year

 

168,629

(4,679,594)

969,138

146,839







           

Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax:

         

Reclassification of cumulated fair value changes

         

   on available-for-sale financial assets upon disposal

 

-

-

(1,155)

(175)

Fair value changes on available-for-sale financial assets

 

(9,774)

(1,374)

-

-

Currency translation differences

 

(180,400)

115,427

40,833

6,187







           

Total other comprehensive (loss)/income

         

   for the year, net of tax

 

(190,174)

114,053

39,678

6,012







           

Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year

 

(21,545)

(4,565,541)

1,008,816

152,851







           

Profit/(loss) for the year attributable to:

         

   Equity holders of the Company

 

19,485

(4,642,894)

778,008

117,880

   Non-controlling interests

 

149,144

(36,700)

191,130

28,959







           
   

168,629

(4,679,594)

969,138

146,839







           

Total comprehensive (loss)/income

         

   for the year attributable to:

         

   Equity holders of the Company

 

(166,906)

(4,528,309)

818,127

123,959

   Non-controlling interests

 

145,361

(37,232)

190,689

28,892







           
   

(21,545)

(4,565,541)

1,008,816

152,851







           

Basic and diluted earnings/(losses) per share for profit/(loss)

         

   attributable to the equity holders of the Company

         

   during the year (expressed in RMB per share)

32

RMB0.0014

RMB(0.34)

RMB0.06

USD0.01







           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

F-3

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves (Note 19)

               
   


               
     

Other

Statutory

 

Currency

Investment

   

Non-

 
 

Share

Share

capital

surplus

Special

translation

revaluation

Retained

 

controlling

Total

 

capital

premium

reserves

reserve

reserve

differences

reserve

earnings

Total

interests

equity

 

(Note 18)

   

(Note 19)

(Note 19)

           













                       

Balance as of January 1, 2008

                     

   (Note 5)

13,524,488

17,124,629

325,766

5,719,084

893

10,047

7,547

23,949,960

60,662,414

3,805,144

64,467,558













                       

Comprehensive income/(loss)

                     

Profit for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

19,485

19,485

149,144

168,629













                       

Other comprehensive

                     

    (loss)/income:

                     

    Fair value changes on

                     

      available-for-sale

                     

      financial assets - gross

-

-

-

-

-

-

(7,048)

-

(7,048)

(4,451)

(11,499)

    Fair value changes on

                     

       available-for-sale

                     

      financial assets - tax effect

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,057

-

1,057

668

1,725

    Currency translation

                     

      differences

-

-

-

-

-

(180,400)

-

-

(180,400)

-

(180,400)













                       

Total other comprehensive loss

-

-

-

-

-

(180,400)

(5,991)

-

(186,391)

(3,783)

(190,174)













                       

Total comprehensive

                     

    (loss)/income

-

-

-

-

-

(180,400)

(5,991)

19,485

(166,906)

145,361

(21,545)













                       

Transactions with owners:

                     

Release of deferred government

                     

   grants

-

-

98,000

-

-

-

-

-

98,000

-

98,000

Acquisition of subsidiaries under

                     

   common control (Note 5)

-

(4,223,414)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(4,223,414)

(26,441)

(4,249,855)

Reversal of over-provision of

                     

   share issuance expenses

-

28,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

28,000

-

28,000

Acquisition of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,174,761

1,174,761

Disposals of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(7,554)

(7,554)

Capital injection from minority

                     

   shareholder of subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

555,443

555,443

Appropriation of reserves

-

-

-

80,148

33,334

-

-

(113,482)

-

-

-

Dividends paid

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1,420,071)

(1,420,071)

(476,330)

(1,896,401)

Others

-

-

5,067

-

-

-

-

-

5,067

27,956

33,023













                       

Total transactions with owners

-

(4,195,414)

103,067

80,148

33,334

-

-

(1,533,553)

(5,512,418)

1,247,835

(4,264,583)













                       

Balance as of December 31, 2008

13,524,488

12,929,215

428,833

5,799,232

34,227

(170,353)

1,556

22,435,892

54,983,090

5,198,340

60,181,430













                       

F-4

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves (Note 19)

               
   


               
     

Other

Statutory

 

Currency

Investment

   

Non-

 
 

Share

Share

capital

surplus

Special

translation

revaluation

Retained

 

controlling

Total

 

capital

premium

reserves

reserve

reserve

differences

reserve

earnings

Total

interests

equity

 

(Note 18)

   

(Note 19)

(Note 19)

           













                       

Balance as of January 1, 2009

13,524,488

12,929,215

428,833

5,799,232

34,227

(170,353)

1,556

22,435,892

54,983,090

5,198,340

60,181,430













                       

Comprehensive income/(loss)

                     

Loss for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(4,642,894)

(4,642,894)

(36,700)

(4,679,594)













                       

Other comprehensive

                     

   income/(loss):

                     

    Fair value changes on

                     

       available-for-sale

                     

      financial assets - gross

-

-

-

-

-

-

(992)

-

(992)

(626)

(1,618)

    Fair value changes on

                     

       available-for-sale

                     

      financial assets - tax effect

-

-

-

-

-

-

150

-

150

94

244

    Currency translation

                     

      differences

-

-

-

-

-

115,427

-

-

115,427

-

115,427













                       

Total other comprehensive

                     

   income/(loss)

-

-

-

-

-

115,427

(842)

-

114,585

(532)

114,053













                       

Total comprehensive

                     

   income/(loss)

-

-

-

-

-

115,427

(842)

(4,642,894)

(4,528,309)

(37,232)

(4,565,541)













                       

Transactions with owners:

                     

Release of deferred government

                     

   grants

-

-

3,767

-

-

-

-

-

3,767

2,274

6,041

Acquisition of and capital

                     

    injection from

                     

   non-controlling interests

-

(42,575)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(42,575)

55,648

13,073

Acquisition of subsidiaries

                     

   under common

                     

   control (Note 5)

-

(37,755)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(37,755)

-

(37,755)

Increase in reserve

-

-

-

-

18,111

-

-

-

18,111

-

18,111

Share of reserve of an associate

-

-

-

-

4,409

-

-

-

4,409

10,796

15,205

Dividends paid to

                     

   non-controlling interests

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(49,407)

(49,407)













                       

Total transactions with owners

-

(80,330)

3,767

-

22,520

-

-

-

(54,043)

19,311

(34,732)













                       

Balance as of December 31, 2009

13,524,488

12,848,885

432,600

5,799,232

56,747

(54,926)

714

17,792,998

50,400,738

5,180,419

55,581,157













                       

F-5

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
 

Attributable to equity holders of the Company

   
 


   
   

Capital reserves (Note 19)

               
   


               
     

Other

Statutory

 

Currency

Investment

   

Non-

 
 

Share

Share

capital

surplus

Special

translation

revaluation

Retained

 

controlling

Total

 

capital

premium

reserves

reserve

reserve

differences

reserve

earnings

Total

interests

Equity

 

(Note 18)

   

(Note 19)

(Note 19)

           













                       

Balance as of January 1, 2010

13,524,488

12,848,885

432,600

5,799,232

56,747

(54,926)

714

17,792,998

50,400,738

5,180,419

55,581,157













                       

Comprehensive income/(loss)

                     

Profit for the year

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

778,008

778,008

191,130

969,138













                       

Other comprehensive

                     

    income/(loss):

                     

    Reclassification of cumulated

                     

       fair value changes on

                     

       available-for-sale

                     

       financial assets upon

                     

      disposal - gross

-

-

-

-

-

-

(851)

-

(851)

(519)

(1,370)

    Reclassification of cumulated

                     

       fair value changes on

                     

       available-for-sale

                     

       financial assets upon

                     

      disposal - tax effect

-

-

-

-

-

-

137

-

137

78

215

    Currency translation

                     

      differences

-

-

-

-

-

40,833

-

-

40,833

-

40,833













                       

Total other comprehensive

                     

   income/(loss)

-

-

-

-

-

40,833

(714)

-

40,119

(441)

39,678













                       

Total comprehensive

                     

   income/(loss)

-

-

-

-

-

40,833

(714)

778,008

818,127

190,689

1,008,816













                       

Transactions with owners:

                     

Release of deferred government

                     

   grants

-

-

88,769

-

-

-

-

-

88,769

4,259

93,028

Acquisition of non-controlling

                     

   interests

-

(1,366)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1,366)

1,366

-

Capital injection from

                     

   non-controlling interests

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

203,100

203,100

Partial disposal of

                     

   interest in a subsidiary

                     

   (Notes 2.2)

-

-

258,335

-

(806)

-

-

-

257,529

112,202

369,731

Increase in reserve

-

-

-

-

17,431

-

-

-

17,431

-

17,431

Share of reserve of an associate

-

-

357

-

(793)

-

-

-

(436)

(2,704)

(3,140)

Appropriation of statutory

                     

   surplus reserve

-

-

-

68,325

-

-

-

(68,325)

-

-

-

Dividend paid to

                     

   non-controlling interests

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(83,268)

(83,268)













                       

Total transactions with owners

-

(1,366)

347,461

68,325

15,832

-

-

(68,325)

361,927

234,955

596,882













                       

Balance as of December 31, 2010

13,524,488

12,847,519

780,061

5,867,557

72,579

(14,093)

-

18,502,681

51,580,792

5,606,063

57,186,855













                       

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

F-6

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

2010

 

Note

RMB

RMB

RMB

USD







           

Net cash generated from/(used in) operating activities

34

5,023,984

(705,954)

7,103,859

1,076,342







           

Cash flows used in investing activities

         

Purchases of intangible assets

7

(180,814)

(14,618)

(7,099)

(1,076)

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

 

(16,791,469)

(9,597,274)

(8,325,947)

(1,261,507)

Purchases of land use rights and leasehold land

 

(277,397)

(260,670)

(2,937)

(445)

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment

 

23,274

38,503

233,007

35,304

Proceeds from partial disposal of a subsidiary

 

-

-

510,783

77,391

Deemed disposal - transformation from a subsidiary to an associate

10(b)

-

-

(23,601)

(3,576)

Capital injection to associates

10(b)

(30,000)

-

(748,650)

(113,432)

Capital injection to a jointly controlled entity

10(a)

(63,882)

(34,001)

(71,325)

(10,807)

Payments of consideration for acquisitions of

         

   subsidiaries, net of cash acquired

 

(4,610,612)

(99,354)

-

-

Proceeds from disposal of available-for-sale financial assets

11

-

-

158,635

24,036

Interest received

 

6,364

4,785

4,879

739

Decrease in time deposits

 

-

-

47,278

7,163

Cash (outflow)/inflow from settlement of future

         

   and option contracts, net

27

(52,215)

458,041

203,237

30,793

Deposit for investment projects

16

(250,000)

-

(849,809)

(128,759)

Refund of deposit for an investment project

16

-

-

269,575

40,845

Asset-related government grants received

 

-

-

385,299

58,379

Others

 

19,278

27,395

(43,642)

(6,610)







           

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(22,207,473)

(9,477,193)

(8,260,317)

(1,251,562)







           

Cash flows generated from financing activities

         
           

Installment payment of shares and bonds issuance expenses

 

(50,000)

(62,000)

(30,000)

(4,545)

Issuance of short-term and long-term bonds

 

15,000,000

-

12,694,000

1,923,333

Repayments of short-term bonds

 

(3,000,000)

(5,000,000)

-

-

Drawdown of short-term and long-term loans

 

32,401,404

38,057,460

34,141,516

5,172,957

Drawdown/(repayments) of shareholder's loans, net

 

276,270

(456,270)

-

-

Repayments of short-term and long-term loans

 

(16,049,094)

(27,644,308)

(41,195,138)

(6,241,688)

Capital injection from non-controlling interests

 

184,800

13,073

203,100

30,773

Dividends paid to non-controlling interests

 

(386,891)

(59,460)

(109,974)

(16,663)

Dividends paid to the equity holders of the Company

 

(1,456,892)

-

-

-

Interest paid

 

(2,549,247)

(3,271,782)

(2,985,951)

(452,417)







           

Net cash generated from financing activities

 

24,370,350

1,576,713

2,717,553

411,750







           

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

7,186,861

(8,606,434)

1,561,095

236,530

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

17

8,826,847

15,983,923

7,401,410

1,121,426

Exchange (losses)/gains on cash and cash equivalents

 

(29,785)

23,921

20,205

3,061







           

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

17

15,983,923

7,401,410

8,982,710

1,361,017







           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

F-7

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

1.

General information

   
 

Aluminum Corporation of China Limited () (the "Company") and its subsidiaries (together the "Group") are principally engaged in manufacture and distribution of alumina, primary aluminum and aluminum fabrication products. The Group is also engaged in the development of bauxite related resources, the production, fabrication and distribution of bauxite, carbon and relevant non-ferrous metal products and trading of non-ferrous metal products.

   
 

The Company is a joint stock company which was incorporated on September 10, 2001 in the People's Republic of China (the "PRC") with limited liability. The address of its registered office is No. 62 North Xizhimen Street, Haidian District, Beijing, the PRC.

   
 

The Company's shares have been listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited and New York Stock Exchange in 2001. The Company also listed its A shares on the Shanghai Stock Exchange ("SSE") in 2007.

   
 

These financial statements are expressed in Chinese Renminbi ("RMB") unless otherwise stated. Solely for the convenience of the reader, the financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 have been translated into United States Dollars ("USD") at the noon buying rate in New York city on December 30, 2010 (as December 31, 2010 was a public holiday) for cable transfers in RMB by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York of USD1.00 = RMB6.6000. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into USD at that rate or at any other certain rates on December 31, 2010, or at any other dates.

   
 

These consolidated financial statements have been approved for issue by the Board of Directors on April 15, 2011.

   

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies

   
 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation

     
   

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standard Board ("IASB").

     
   

These financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, as modified by the revaluation of available-for-sale financial assets and financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss (including derivative instruments) and certain properties, plant and equipment, intangible assets and investments in subsidiaries were stated at deemed costs.

     
   

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgment in the process of applying the Group's accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial statements are disclosed in Note 4.

     
   

2.1.1

Going concern

       
     

As of December 31, 2010, the Group's current liabilities exceeded its current assets by approximately RMB14,409 million (2009: RMB3,696 million). The Board of Directors of the Company has considered the Group's available sources of funds as follows:

       
     

*

The Group's expected net cash inflow from operating activities in 2011;

         
     

*

Unutilized banking facilities of approximately RMB50,007 million as of December 31, 2010 (Note 3), of which amounts totaling RMB32,692 million are subject to renewal during the next 12 months from the date the Group's financial statements were approved; and

         
     

*

Other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions given the Group's credit history.

         

F-8

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation (Continued)

     
   

2.1.1

Going concern (Continued)

       
     

In addition, the Group will continue to optimize its fund raising strategy from short, medium and long-term perspectives and to seize the opportunity in the capital markets to take advantage of low interest rates by issuing medium to long-term debts with low financing cost.

       
     

After making enquiries, the Board of Directors of the Company believe that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future not less than 12 months from the date these financial statements were approved. The Board of Directors of the Company therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements.

       
   

2.1.2

Changes in accounting policy and disclosures

       
     

(a)

New and amended standards adopted by the Group

         
       

The following new standards and amendments to standards are mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning January 1, 2010.

         
       

*

IFRS 3 (revised), 'Business combinations', and consequential amendments to IAS 27 (revised), 'Consolidated and separate financial statements', IAS 28, 'Investments in associates', and IAS 31, 'Interests in joint ventures', are effective prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after July 1, 2009.

           
         

The revised standard continues to apply the acquisition method to business combinations but with some significant changes compared with IFRS 3. For example, all payments to purchase a business are recorded at fair value at the acquisition date, with contingent payments classified as debt subsequently re-measured through the statement of comprehensive income. There is a choice on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis to measure the non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the acquiree's net assets. All acquisition-related costs are expensed. IFRS 3 (revised) has had no impact to the Group's financial statements as there was no business combination that occurred in the year ended December 31, 2010.

           
         

IAS 27 (revised) requires the effects of all transactions with non-controlling interests to be recorded in equity if there is no change in control and these transactions will no longer result in goodwill or gains and losses. The standard also specifies the accounting when control is lost. Any remaining interest in the entity is re-measured to fair value, and a gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss. Total comprehensive income is attributed to the owners of the parent and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. The Group adopted IAS 27 (revised) from January 1, 2010. The adoption of IAS 27 (revised) resulted the recognition of deficit balance of non-controlling interest amounting to RMB62 million for the year ended December 31, 2010.

           

F-9

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation (Continued)

     
   

2.1.2

Changes in accounting policy and disclosures (Continued)

       
     

(a)

New and amended standards adopted by the Group (Continued)

         
       

*

IAS 17 (amendment), 'Leases', deletes specific guidance regarding classification of leases of land, so as to eliminate inconsistency with the general guidance on lease classification. As a result, leases of land should be classified as either finance or operating lease using the general principles of IAS 17, i.e. whether the lease transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset to the lessee. Prior to the amendment, lease of land which title is not expected to pass to the Group by the end of the lease term was classified as operating lease under "Land use rights and leasehold land", and amortized over the lease term. IAS 17 (amendment) has been applied retrospectively for annual periods beginning January 1, 2010 in accordance with the effective date and transitional provisions of the amendment. The Group has reassessed the classification of unexpired leasehold land and land use rights as of January 1, 2010 on the basis of information existing at the inception of those leases, and recognized the leasehold lands in Hong Kong as finance lease retrospectively. All of the land use rights are amortized or depreciated over time using straight-line method. Except for the inclusion of certain additional disclosure in relation to leasehold lands located in Hong Kong according to the relevant disclosure requirements for financial leases, the adoption of this amendment did not have a significant impact to the Group's financial statements.

           
       

*

IAS 36 (amendment), 'Impairment of assets', effective January 1, 2010. The amendment clarifies that the largest cash-generating unit (or group of units) to which goodwill should be allocated for the purposes of impairment testing is an operating segment, as defined by paragraph 5 of IFRS 8, 'Operating segments' (that is, before the aggregation of segments with similar economic characteristics). IAS 36 (amendment) has had no impact on the consolidated financial statement of the Group as the cash-generating units and groups of units of the Group to which goodwill was allocated for the purposes of impairment testing are not larger than operating segments.

           
       

*

IFRS 5 (amendment), 'Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations'. The amendment clarificaties that IFRS 5 specifies the disclosures required in respect of non-current assets (or disposal groups) classified as held for sale or discontinued operations. It also clarifies that the general requirement of IAS 1 still apply, in particular paragraph 15 (to achieve a fair presentation) and paragraph 125 (sources of estimation uncertainty) of IAS 1. The adoption of IFRS 5 (amendment) did not result any impact to the Group as the Group's existing policy comply with the requirements under IFRS 5 (amendment).

           
     

(b)

New and amended standards, and interpretations mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning January 1, 2010 but not currently relevant to the Group.

         
       



       

IAS1 (amendment)

Presentation of financial statements

       

IFRS 2 (amendment)

Group cash-settled share-based payment transactions

       

IFRIC 9

Reassessment of embedded derivatives and IAS 39,

         

    Financial instruments: Recognition and measurement

       

IFRIC 16

Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation

       

IFRIC 17

Distribution of non-cash assets to owners

       

IFRIC 18

Transfers of assets from customers

       



           

F-10

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.1

Basis of preparation (Continued)

     
   

2.1.2

Changes in accounting policy and disclosures (Continued)

       
     

(c)

New standards, amendments and interpretations have been issued but are not effective for the financial year beginning January 1, 2010 and have not been early adopted.

         
       

*

IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments', issued in November 2009 and October 2010 (effective for financial year beginning January 1, 2013). It contains new measurement and classification rules for financial assets. On the basis of financial assets and liabilities it has as of December 31, 2010, it is likely that the adoption will affect the Group's accounting for its financial assets. The Group will adopt IFRS 9 from January 1, 2013.

           
       

*

IFRIC - Int 19, 'Extinguishing financial liabilities with equity instruments', (effective for financial year beginning July 1, 2010). The interpretation clarifies the accounting by an entity when the terms of a financial liability are renegotiated and result in the entity issuing equity instruments to a creditor of the entity to extinguish all or part of the financial liability (debt for equity swap). It requires a gain or loss to be recognized in profit or loss, which is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability and the fair value of the equity instruments issued. If the fair value of the equity instruments issued cannot be reliably measured, the equity instruments should be measured to reflect the fair value of the financial liability extinguished. The Group will adopt the interpretation from January 1, 2011.

           
       

*

Amendments to IFRS 7, 'Financial instruments: disclosures'. The amendments were as a result of the May 2010 Improvements (effective for financial year beginning January 1, 2011) and amendments on disclosure requirements of transfers of financial assets released in October 2010 (effective for financial year beginning July 1, 2011), respectively. The May 2010 Improvements clarified certain quantitative disclosures and removed the disclosure requirements on financial assets with renegotiated terms. The amendments on transfers of financial assets clarified and strengthened the disclosure requirements of transfers of financial assets which help users of financial statements evaluating related risk exposures and the effect of those risks on the financial position of the Group. The Group will adopt the amendments to IFRS 7 from January 1, 2011 and January 1, 2012, respectively.

           
       

The Group has already commenced an assessment of the related impact of the above revised standards, amendments and interpretations to the Group's financial statements. The Group is not yet in a position to state whether any substantial changes to the Group's accounting policies and presentation of its financial statements will result.

         
 

2.2

Consolidation

     
   

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and all of its subsidiaries as of December 31.

     
   

(a)

Merger accounting for business combinations under common control

       
     

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the combining entities or businesses in which the common control combination occurs as if they had been combined from the date when the combining entities or businesses first came under the control of the controlling party.

       

F-11

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.2

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Merger accounting for business combinations under common control (Continued)

       
     

The net assets of the combining entities or businesses are combined using the existing book values from the controlling parties' perspective. No amount is recognized in consideration for goodwill or excess of the acquirers' interest in the net fair value of the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over cost at the time of the common control combination, to the extent of the continuation of the controlling party's interest. The difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the acquire is recorded in equity.

       
     

The consolidated statement of comprehensive income includes the results of each of the combining entities or businesses from the earliest date presented or since the date when the combining entities or businesses first came under common control, where this is shorter, regardless of the date of the common control combination.

       
     

Transaction costs, including professional fees, registration fees, costs of furnishing information to shareholders, costs or losses incurred in combining operations of the previously separate businesses etc., incurred in relation to the common control combination that is to be accounted for by using merger accounting is recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.

       
   

(b)

Acquisition method of accounting for other business combinations

       
     

The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group, other than business combination under common control. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred and the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. On an acquisition-by-acquisition basis, the Group recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the acquiree's net assets. The excess of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If this is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognized directly in the statement of comprehensive income.

       
   

(c)

Subsidiaries

       
     

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating policies generally accompanying a shareholding of more than one half of the voting rights. The existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another entity.

       
     

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

       
     

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealized gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated. Unrealized losses are also eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary in the consolidated financial statements to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

       

F-12

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.2

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

The following is a list of principal subsidiaries:

       
               

Effective equity

       

Place of

 

Registered      

 

interest held

       

incorporation

Legal

and fully      

Business nature and


     

Name

and operation

status

paid capital      

scope of operations

2009

2010

     








                   
     

Baotou Aluminum

PRC

Limited

500,000      

Manufacture and distribution

100%

100%

     

    Co., Limited

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum,

   
     

    ()

 

company

 

    aluminum alloy and

   
             

    related fabrication products

   
             

    and carbon products

   
     

Chalco Ruimin Co., Limited

PRC

Limited

1,360,494      

Manufacture of aluminum,

90.12%

92.18%

     

   ("Chalco Ruimin")

 

liability

 

    magnesium and related

   
     

    ()

 

company

 

    alloy products,

   
     

   (Note (i))

     

    export activities

   
     

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

PRC

Limited

540,000      

Manufacture and distribution

60%

60%

     

    Co., Limited

 

liability

 

    of metal materials

   
     

   ("Chalco Southwest

 

company

 

    (excluding precious metals),

   
     

    Aluminum")

     

    sales of general machinery

   
     

   ()

     

    and equipment

   
     

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

PRC

Limited

624,190      

Rolling aluminum and

100%

100%

     

    Cold Rolling Co., Limited

 

liability

 

    aluminum alloy processing,

   
     

   ("Chalco Southwest Aluminum

 

company

 

    development of high precision

   
     

    Cold Rolling")

     

    aluminum strip production

   
     

   ()

     

    technology, import and

   
             

    export activities on goods

   
             

    and technology

   
     

Chalco Henan Aluminum

PRC

Limited

1,132,460      

Manufacture and distribution

90.03%

90.03%

     

    Co., Limited

 

liability

 

    of aluminum and

   
     

   ("Henan Aluminum")

 

company

 

    alloy related products

   
     

   ()

           
     

China Aluminum International

PRC

Limited

200,000      

Import and export

90.50%

90.50%

     

    Trading Co., Ltd

 

liability

 

    activities

   
     

   ()

 

company

       
     

Shanxi Huasheng

PRC

Limited

1,000,000      

Manufacture and distribution

51%

51%

     

    Aluminum Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum,

   
     

   ()

 

company

 

    aluminum alloy and

   
             

    carbon-related products

   
     

Shanxi Huaze Aluminum

PRC

Limited

1,500,000      

Manufacture and distribution

60%

60%

     

    and Power Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum and

   
     

   ()

 

company

 

    anode carbon products and

   
             

    electricity generation

   
             

    and supply

   
     

Fushun Aluminum

PRC

Limited

700,000      

Aluminum smelting,

100%

100%

     

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    manufacture and

   
     

   ()

 

company

 

    distribution of nonferrous

   
             

    metals

   
     

Zunyi Aluminum

PRC

Limited

802,620      

Manufacture and distribution

62.10%

62.10%

     

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum

   
     

   ()

 

company

       
     








                   

F-13

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.2

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
               

Effective equity

       

Place of

 

Registered       

 

interest held

       

incorporation

Legal

and fully       

Business nature and


     

Name

and operation

status

paid capital      

scope of operations

2009

2010

     








                   
     

Chalco Zunyi Alumina

PRC

Limited

Registered      

Manufacture and distribution

67%

67%

     

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

capital      

    of alumina

   
     

   ("Zunyi Alumina")

 

company

1,400,000      

     
     

   ()

   

Paid-in-capital      

     
     

   (Note(ii))

   

1,234,677      

     
     

Shandong Huayu Aluminum

PRC

Limited

1,627,697      

Manufacture and distribution

55%

55%

     

    and Power Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum

   
     

   ()

 

company

       
     

Gansu Hualu Aluminum

PRC

Limited

529,240      

Manufacture and distribution

51%

51%

     

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    of primary aluminum

   
     

   ()

 

company

       
     

Chalco Hong Kong Ltd.

Hong Kong

Limited

Hong Kong      

Oversea investments and

100%

100%

     

   ()

 

liability

Dollars ("HKD")      

    alumina import and

   
         

company

849,940,471      

    export activities

   
     

China Aluminum Mining

PRC

Limited

Registered      

Manufacture, acquisition and

100%

100%

     

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

capital      

    distribution of bauxite

   
     

   ()

 

company

1,000,000      

    mines, limestone ore,

   
     

   (Note (iii))

   

Paid-in-capital      

    aluminum magnesium ore

   
           

700,000      

    and related nonferrous

   
             

    metal products

   
     

Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum

PRC

Limited

480,176      

Aluminum smelting,

29%

24.002%

     

    Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    manufacture and

   
     

    ("Jiaozuo Wanfang")

 

company

 

    distribution of

   
     

    ()

     

    nonferrous metals

   
     

    (Note (iv))

           
     








                   
     

The English names of subsidiaries represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

       
     

Notes:

       
     

(i)

In June 2010, the Company injected cash amounting to RMB287 million (2009: RMB657 million) into Chalco Ruimin. Thereafter, the Group's equity interest in Chalco Ruimin increased from 90.12% to 92.18%.

         
     

(ii)

In September 2010, the Company injected cash amounting to RMB101 million (2009: RMB197 million), represented its share of the capital injection into Zunyi Alumina. As of December 31, 2010, the capital verification is in progress and other equity holder of Zunyi Alumina has not made its share of the capital injection.

         
     

(iii)

The difference between paid-in capital and registered capital is due to the company was split up in 2010 and the capital verification is in progress, the registered capital remained unchanged.

         

F-14

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.2

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Subsidiaries (Continued)

       
     

Notes (Continued):

       
     

(iv)

In October 2010, the Company disposed a total of 5% equity interest of Jiaozuo Wanfang in an open market at market quoted price of the shares. Total cash proceeds less commission and other direct selling costs amounted to approximately RMB480 million. As a result of the disposal, the Company's equity interest in Jiaozuo Wanfang decreased from 29% to 24.002%, but the Company remains the single largest shareholder and its rights to nominate 5 of the 6 non-independent directors remained unchanged as of December 31, 2010. The balance of equity holdings in Jiaozuo Wanfang is dispersed and the other shareholders have not organized their interests and cannot easily organize themselves in such a way that they exercise more votes than the minority holder. In additions, all resolutions proposed by the Company in the past 3 years were approved. The directors of the Company are of the view that the Company has de facto control over Jiaozuo Wanfang.

         
     

(v)

During the year ended December 31, 2010, apart from the capital injection as set out in Notes (i) and (ii), the Company injected cash amounting to RMB611 million (2009: RMB839 million) to other subsidiaries of the Company.

         
   

(d)

Transactions with non-controlling interests

       
     

The Group treats transactions with non-controlling interests as transactions with equity owners of the Group. For purchases from non-controlling interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.

       
     

When the Group ceases to have control or significant influence, any retained interest in the entity is remeasured to its fair value, with the change in carrying amount recognized in profit or loss. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This may mean that amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit and loss.

       
     

If the ownership interest in an associate is reduced but significant influence is retained, only a proportionate share of the amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit and loss where appropriate.

       
   

(e)

Jointly controlled entities and associates

       
     

A jointly controlled entity is the result of contractual arrangements whereby the Group and other parties undertake an economic activity which is subject to joint control and none of the participating parties has unilateral control over the economic activity.

       
     

Associates are all entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control, generally accompanying a shareholding of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights.

       
     

Investments in jointly controlled entities/associates acquired are accounted for using the equity method of accounting and are initially recognized at cost.

       

F-15

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.2

Consolidation (Continued)

     
   

(e)

Jointly controlled entities and associates (Continued)

       
     

The Group's share of its jointly controlled entities'/associates' post-acquisition profits or losses is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income, and its share of post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are adjusted against the carrying amount of the investment. When the Group's share of losses in a jointly controlled entity/associate equals or exceeds its interest in the jointly controlled entity/associate, including any other unsecured receivables, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the jointly controlled entity/associate.

       
     

Unrealized gains on transactions between the Group and its jointly controlled entities/associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group's interest in the jointly controlled entities/associates. Unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred.

       
     

Accounting policies of jointly controlled entities/associates have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group.

       
 

2.3

Segment reporting

     
   

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Executive Committee that makes strategic decisions.

     
 

2.4

Foreign currency translation

     
   

(a)

Functional and presentation currency

       
     

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group's entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the "functional currency"). The consolidated financial statements are presented in RMB, which is the Company's functional and the Group's presentation currency.

       
   

(b)

Transactions and balances

       
     

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income.

       
     

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within 'finance costs, net'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within 'other gains, net'.

       

F-16

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.4

Foreign currency translation (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Group companies

       
     

The results and financial position of all the Group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyper-inflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

       
     

(i)

assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the balance sheet date;

         
     

(ii)

income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions); and

         
     

(iii)

all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income.

         
     

On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign operations are taken to other comprehensive income. When a foreign operation is partially disposed of or sold, exchange differences that were recorded in other comprehensive income are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income as part of the gain or loss on sale.

       
     

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the closing rate.

       
 

2.5

Property, plant and equipment

     
   

Property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any replaced parts is derecognized. All other repairs and maintenance are charged in the statement of comprehensive income during the financial period in which they are incurred.

     
   

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate their costs over their estimated useful lives down to their residual values, as follows:

     
   

Buildings

10 - 45 years

   

Machinery

10 - 30 years

   

Transportation facilities

10 years

   

Office and other equipment

4 - 5 years

       
   

The assets' depreciation method, residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. An asset's carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset's carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount (Note 2.9).

     

F-17

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.5

Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

     
   

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset and are recognized within 'other gains, net' in the statement of comprehensive income.

     
   

Changes in accounting estimate

     
   

In July 2010, the Group has reassessed and adjusted the useful lives of certain property, plant and equipment based on the past experience. A summary of the changes in the estimated useful lives of different asset groups is as follows:

     
     

Effect of useful lives

   



       
   

Buildings

Increased 2 - 8 years

   

Machinery

 
   

- device tools, electricity distribution line and gas

Decreased 2 - 4 years

   

- others

Increased 0 - 2 years

   

Office and other equipment

Increased 0 - 2 years

       
   

The effect of this change in accounting estimate was recognized prospectively from July 1, 2010 onward. As a result of this change, depreciation expense for the year ended December 31,2010 and the net carrying value of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2010 are lowered and higher by approximately RMB384 million and RMB384 million, respectively. Annual depreciation expense is expected to be lowered by approximately RMB838 million in next year.

     
 

2.6

Construction-in-progress ("CIP")

     
   

CIP represents buildings under construction, and plant and equipment pending installation, and is stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Cost comprises construction expenditures, other expenditures necessary for the purpose of preparing the CIP for its intended use and those borrowing costs incurred before the assets are ready for their intended use that are eligible for capitalization. CIP is transferred to property, plant and equipment when the CIP are ready for its intended use.

     
 

2.7

Intangible assets

     
   

(a)

Goodwill

       
     

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of the Group's share of the net identifiable assets of subsidiaries/jointly controlled entities/associates acquired at the date of acquisition. Goodwill on acquisitions of subsidiaries is included in intangible assets. Goodwill on acquisitions of jointly controlled entities and associates is included in investments in jointly controlled entities and associates respectively. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when an indication of impairment exists and is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

       
     

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units for the purposes of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash-generating units or groups of cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the goodwill arose identified according to operating segment.

       

F-18

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.7

Intangible assets (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Mining rights

       
     

Mining rights are initially recorded at cost which includes payments of consideration for extraction rights, exploration and other direct costs. Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis according to the shorter of the expiration date of the mining certificate or the mineable period of natural resources. Estimated useful lives of the majority of the mining rights range from 3 to 20 years; others' are not more than 30 years.

       
   

(c)

Computer software

       
     

Acquired computer software licenses are capitalized on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and bring to use the specific software. These costs are amortized over 5 years, their estimated useful lives.

       
   

(d)

Periodic review of the useful life and amortization method

       
     

For intangible assets with finite useful life, the estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed annually at the end of each year and adjusted when necessary.

       
 

2.8

Research and development

     
   

Research and development expenditures are classified as research expenditures and development expenditures according to the nature of the expenditures and whether there is significant uncertainty of development activities transforming to assets.

     
   

Research expenditures are recognized in current period profit and loss. Development expenditures are recognized as assets when all of the following criteria are met:

     
   

(i)

it is technically feasible to complete the asset so that it will be available for use or sale;

       
   

(ii)

management intends to complete the asset and intends and has the ability to use or sell it;

       
   

(iii)

it can be demonstrated that the asset will generate probable future economic benefits;

       
   

(iv)

there are adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development of the asset and management has the ability to use or sell the asset; and

       
   

(v)

the expenditure attributable to the asset during its development phase can be reliably measured.

       
   

Development expenditures that do not meet the criteria above are recorded in current period profit and loss as incurred. Development expenditures that have been recorded in profit and loss in previous periods will be not recognized as assets in subsequent periods. Capitalized development expenditures are included in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets as appropriate according to their natures.

     
 

2.9

Impairment of non-financial assets

     
   

Assets that have an indefinite useful life, for example goodwill, are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for impairment. Assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.

     

F-19

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.10

Financial assets

     
   

(a)

Classification

       
     

The Group classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables and available-for-sale. The classification depends on the purpose for which the assets were acquired. Management determines the classification of these assets at initial recognition.

       
     

(i)

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

         
       

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading. A financial asset is classified in this category if acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short term. Derivatives are classified as held for trading unless they are designated as hedges. Assets in this category are classified as current assets.

         
     

(ii)

Loans and receivables

         
       

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets, except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the balance sheet date. These are classified as non-current assets. Loans and receivables are classified as trade and other receivables in the statement of financial position (Note 2.12).

         
     

(iii)

Available-for-sale financial assets

         
       

Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified in any of the other categories. They are included in non-current assets unless management intends to dispose of the investment within 12 months of the balance sheet date.

         
   

(b)

Recognition and measurement

       
     

Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the trade-date - the date on which the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset. Investments are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of comprehensive income. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the investments have expired or have been transferred and the Group has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. Available-for-sale financial assets and financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are subsequently carried at fair value. Loans and receivables are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

       
     

Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of the 'financial assets at fair value through profit or loss' category are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within 'other gains, net', in the period in which they arise. Dividend income from financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income as part of other income when the Group's right to receive payments is established.

       

F-20

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.10

Financial assets (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Recognition and measurement (Continued)

       
     

Changes in the fair value of monetary securities denominated in a foreign currency and classified as available-for-sale are analyzed between translation differences resulting from changes in the amortized cost of the security and other changes in the carrying amount of the security. The translation differences on monetary securities are recognized in profit or loss; translation differences on non-monetary securities are recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in the fair value of monetary and non-monetary securities classified as available-for-sale are recognized in other comprehensive income.

       
     

When securities classified as available-for-sale are sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments recognized in other comprehensive income are included in the statement of comprehensive income as 'other gains, net'.

       
     

Interest on available-for-sale securities calculated using the effective interest method is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income as part of other income. Dividends on available-for-sale equity instruments are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income as 'other income' when the Group's right to receive payments is established.

       
     

The Group assesses at each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets are impaired. In the case of equity securities classified as available-for-sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is considered as an indicator that the securities are impaired. If any such evidence exists for available-for-sale financial assets, the cumulative loss - measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in profit or loss is removed from other comprehensive income and recognized in the statement of comprehensive income. Impairment losses recognized in the statement of comprehensive income on equity instruments are not reversed through the statement of comprehensive income. Impairment testing of trade receivables is described in Note 2.12.

       
 

2.11

Inventories

     
   

Inventories comprise raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, spare parts and packaging materials are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. Work-in-progress and finished goods, comprise materials, direct labor and an appropriate proportion of all production overhead expenditure (based on normal operating capacity). Borrowing costs are excluded.

     
   

Provision for impairment of inventory is usually determined by the excess of cost over net realizable value and recorded in the statement of comprehensive income. Net realizable values are determined based on the estimated selling price less estimated conversion costs, selling expenses and related taxes in the ordinary course of business. Provision for or reversal of impairment of inventory are recognized within 'cost of sales' in the statement of comprehensive income.

     

F-21

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.12

Trade and notes receivable and other receivables

     
   

Trade and notes receivable and other receivables are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business. If collection of these receivables is expected in one year or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer), they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented as non-current assets.

     
   

Trade and notes receivable and other receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.

     
 

2.13

Cash and cash equivalents

     
   

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments (including time deposits) with original maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts, if any, are shown within borrowings in current liabilities on the statement of financial position.

     
   

Time deposits and other cash investments with original maturities of more than three months are excluded from cash and cash equivalents.

     
 

2.14

Borrowings

     
   

Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income over the terms of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

     
   

Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw-down occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalized as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortized over the period of the facility to which it relates.

     
   

Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the balance sheet date.

     
 

2.15

Government grants

     
   

Government grants are recognized when the Group fulfils the conditions attached to them and there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. When the government grant is in the form of monetary assets, they are measured at the actual amount received. When the grant is provided based on a pre-determined rate, it is measured at the amount receivable.

     
   

Asset-related government grants are recognized as deferred income and are amortized evenly in the statement of comprehensive income over the useful lives of the related assets.

     
   

Income-related government grants that are used to compensate subsequent related expenses or losses of the Group are recognized as deferred income and recorded in the statement of comprehensive income when the related expenses or losses are incurred. When the grant is used to compensate expenses or losses that were already incurred, they are directly recognized in current period profit and loss.

     

F-22

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.16

Trade and notes payable and other payables

     
   

Trade and notes payables and other payables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

     
 

2.17

Employee benefits

     
   

Employee benefits mainly include salaries, bonuses, allowances and subsidies, retirement benefit obligations, social insurance and housing funds, labor union fees, employees' education fees and other expenses related to the employees for their services. The Group recognizes employee benefits as liabilities during the accounting period when employees rendered the services and allocates the related cost of assets and expenses based on different beneficiaries.

     
   

(a)

Bonus plans

       
     

The expected cost of bonus plan is recognized as a liability when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of services rendered by employees and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made.

       
   

(b)

Retirement benefit obligations

       
     

The Group primarily pays contributions on a monthly basis to various defined contribution retirement benefit plans organized by relevant municipal and provincial governments in the PRC. The Group makes monthly defined contributions at rates of 20% (2009: 20%) of the qualified employees' basic salaries. The municipal and provincial governments undertake to assume the retirement benefit obligations of all existing and future retired employees payable under these plans. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations for further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefit relating to their current and past services.

       
   

(c)

Other social insurance and housing funds

       
     

The Group provides other social insurance and housing funds to the qualified employees in the PRC based on certain percentages of their salaries. These percentages are not to exceed the upper limits of the percentages prescribed by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the PRC. These benefits are paid to social security organization and the amounts are expensed as incurred. The Group has no legal or constructive obligations for further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefit relating to their current and past services.

       
   

(d)

Termination benefits and early retirement benefits

       
     

Termination and early retirement benefits are payable when employment is terminated by the Group before the normal retirement date, or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy and/or early retirement in exchange for these benefits. The Group recognizes termination and early retirement benefits when it is demonstrably committed to either: terminating the employment of current employees according to a detailed formal plan without possibility of withdrawal; or providing termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy and/or early retirement. The specific terms vary among the terminated and early retired employees depending on various factors including position, length of service and district of the employee concerned. Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present value.

       

F-23

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.18

Current and deferred income tax

     
   

The income tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred income tax. Shares of income tax expense of jointly controlled entities and associates are included in 'share of profits/(losses) of jointly controlled entities/associates'. Income tax expense is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

     
   

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted in the countries where the Company, its subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

     
   

Deferred income tax is recognized using the liability method on temporary differences arising between tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated financial statements. However, the deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

     
   

The Group recognizes deferred income tax assets for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

     
   

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arising from temporary differences relating to investments in jointly controlled entities and associates are recognized. However, when the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that this temporary difference will not reverse in foreseeable future, no deferred income tax is recognized.

     
   

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset in financial statements when they meet all the conditions below:

     
   

(i)

deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities are related to the income tax levied by the same tax authority;

       
   

(ii)

the Group has a legally enforceable right to settle current income tax assets and current income tax liabilities on a net basis.

       

F-24

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.19

Revenue recognition

     
   

Revenue is recognized based on the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for the sale of goods and rendering of services under contracts in the ordinary course of the Group's activities. Revenue is shown net of value-added tax.

     
   

The Group recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Group and when specific criteria have been met for each of the Group's activities (see descriptions below).

     
   

(a)

Sales of goods

       
     

Revenue from the sales of goods is recognized when the Group transfers significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyers, the Group has retained neither continuing managerial involvement nor control over the goods, it is probable that the economic benefits related to the transaction will flow into the Group, and the revenue and related costs incurred can be measured reliably.

       
   

(b)

Rendering of services

       
     

The Group provides transportation and packaging services to external customers. These services are recognized in the period when the related services are provided.

       
   

(c)

Interest income

       
     

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest method. When a loan and receivable is impaired, the Group reduces the carrying amount to its recoverable amount, being the estimated future cash flow discounted at the original effective interest rate of the instrument, and continues unwinding the discount as interest income. Interest income on impaired loan and receivables are recognized using the original effective interest rate.

       
   

(d)

Dividend income

       
     

Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established.

       
 

2.20

Leases

     
   

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the statement of comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.

     
   

The Group leases certain property, plant and equipment. Leases of property, plant and equipment where the Group has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalized at the lease's commencement at the lower of the fair value of the leased property and the present value of the minimum lease payments.

     

F-25

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

2.

Summary of significant accounting policies (Continued)

   
 

2.20

Leases (Continued)

     
   

Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance charges. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in other long-term payables. The interest element of the finance cost is charged to the statement of comprehensive income over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period. The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the useful life of the asset and the lease term.

     
 

2.21

Borrowing costs

     
   

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of any qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Borrowing costs capitalized are those costs that would have been avoided if the expenditure on the qualifying assets had not been made, which are either the actual costs incurred on a specific borrowing or an amount calculated using the weighted average method, considering all borrowing costs incurred on general borrowings outstanding. Other borrowing costs are expensed as incurred.

     
 

2.22

Dividend distribution

     
   

Dividend distribution to the Company's shareholders is recognized as a liability in the Group's financial statements in the period in which the dividends are approved by the Company's shareholders.

     
 

2.23

Provisions

     
   

Provisions for environmental restoration, restructuring costs and legal claims are recognized when: the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount can be reliably estimated. Restructuring provisions comprise lease termination penalties and employee termination payments. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses.

     
   

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognized even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

     
   

Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

     

F-26

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management

     
   

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including foreign currency risk, cash flow and fair value interest rate risk and commodity price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group's overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimize potential adverse effects on the Group's financial performance.

     
   

Risk management is carried out by the treasury management department (the "Group Treasury") under policies approved by the Board of Directors of the Company. Group Treasury identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks through close co-operation with the Group's operating units.

     
   

(a)

Market risk

       
     

(i)

Foreign currency risk

         
       

Foreign currency risk primarily arises from certain significant foreign currency deposits and short-term and long-term loans denominated in USD, Australian Dollar ("AUD"), Japanese Yen ("JPY"), Euro ("EUR") and HKD. Related exposures are disclosed in Notes 17 and 20, respectively. The Group Treasury closely monitors the international foreign currency market on the changing exchange rates and takes these into consideration when investing in foreign currency deposits and issuing loans. As the foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are minimal relative to the total assets and liabilities of the Group, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group is not exposed to any significant foreign currency risk as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010.

         
     

(ii)

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk

         
       

As the Group has no significant interest bearing assets except for bank deposits (Note 17), the Group's income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates.

         
       

Most of the bank deposits are maintained in savings and fixed deposit accounts in the PRC. The interest rates are regulated by the People's Bank of China and the Group Treasury closely monitors the fluctuation on such rates periodically. As the average interest rates applied to the deposits are relatively low, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group is not exposed to any significant interest rate risk for its financial assets held as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010.

         
       

The interest rate risk of the Group primarily arises from long-term loans. Loans borrowed at variable interest rates expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. The exposures to these risks are disclosed separately in Note 20. The Group enters into debt obligations to support general corporate purposes including capital expenditures and working capital needs. The Group Treasury closely monitors market interest rates and maintains a balance between variable rate and fixed rate borrowings in order to reduce the exposures to the interest rate risk described above.

         
       

As of December 31, 2010, if interest rates had been 1% (2008 and 2009: 1%) higher/lower with all other variables held constant, profit for the year would have been RMB361 million (2008: RMB467 million; 2009: RMB509 million) lower/higher, respectively.

         

F-27

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(ii)

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk (Continued)

         
       

The fair value interest rate risk of the Group mainly arises from long-term bonds, medium-term notes and short-term bonds issued at fixed rates. As the fluctuation of comparable interest rates of corporate bonds with similar terms is relatively low, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group is not exposed to any significant fair value interest rate risk for its fix interest rate borrowings held as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010.

         
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk

         
       

The Group uses futures and option contracts to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in the price of primary aluminum. According to the Group's policy, the total quantity of primary aluminum which can be hedged using these financial instruments is limited to 50% of the annual quantity produced by the Group.

         
       

The Group uses mainly futures contracts and option contracts traded on the Shanghai Futures Exchange and London Metal Exchange (the "LME") to hedge against fluctuations in primary aluminum prices. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of outstanding future contracts amounting to RMB0.5 million (2009: RMB0.1 million) and RMB8.6 million (2009: RMB47.9 million) are recognized in financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, respectively. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the Group did not hold any option contract.

         
       

A summary of future and option contracts held as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 is as follows:

         

F-28

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(a)

Market risk (Continued)

       
     

(iii)

Commodity price risk (Continued)

         
         

As of December 31, 2009

         


         

Quantity

     
         

(expressed

Contract

Market

Contract

         

in tones)

value

value

Maturity

       






                 
       

Primary aluminum:

       
       

-Short position

60,135

971,242

1,034,003

Jan to Oct 2010

       

-Long position

7,015

102,687

117,574

Jan to Feb 2010

                 
       

Zincum:

       
       

-Short position

10,580

224,591

224,508

Apr 2010

       






                 
         

As of December 31, 2010

         


         

Quantity

     
         

(expressed

Contract

Market

Contract

         

in tones)

value

value

Maturity

       






                 
       

Primary aluminum:

       
       

-Short position

34,305

562,569

571,118

Jan to Nov 2011

       

-Long position

1,000

16,557

16,790

Mar 2011

                 
       

Copper:

       
       

-Short position

675

47,829

47,547

Jan 2011

       






                 
       

As of December 31, 2010, if the primary aluminum futures price had been 3% (2008: 2%; 2009: 3%) higher/lower and all other variables held constant, profit for the year would have been RMB202 million lower/higher (2008: RMB30 million and 2009: RMB140 million higher/lower).

         
   

(b)

Credit risk

       
     

Credit risk arises from bank balances, other receivables as well as credit exposures of customers, including outstanding receivables and committed transactions. The Company also provided financial guarantees to certain subsidiaries. The carrying amount of these receivables and amounts of respective financial guarantees included in Notes 15, 16, 17 and 20 represent the Group's maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to its financial assets and guarantees.

       
     

The Group maintains substantially all of its bank balances and cash in several major state-owned banks in the PRC. With strong state support provided to these state-owned banks, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that there is no significant credit risk on such assets being exposed to losses.

       

F-29

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(b)

Credit risk (Continued)

       
     

With regard to trade and notes receivable, the marketing department assesses the credit quality of the customers, taking into account their financial positions, past experience and other factors. The Group performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and believes that adequate provision for impairment of receivables have been made in the financial statements. Management does not expect any further losses from non-performance by these counterparties. The Group does not hold any collateral as security for these receivables.

       
     

As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, none of the individual customers exceed 10% of the Group's total revenue, and thus, the directors of the Company are of the opinion that the Group is not exposed to any significant concentration of credit risk as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010.

       
   

(c)

Liquidity risk

       
     

Cash flow forecasting is performed in the operating entities of the Group and aggregated by Group Treasury. Group Treasury monitors rolling forecasts of the Group's liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on its undrawn committed borrowing facilities at all times so that the Group does not breach borrowing limits or covenants (where applicable) on any of its borrowing facilities. Such forecasting takes into consideration the Group's debt financing plans, covenant compliance, compliance with internal balance sheet ratio targets and, if applicable, external regulatory or legal requirements, for example, currency restrictions.

       
     

As of December 31, 2010, the Group had total banking facilities of approximately RMB96,706 million (2009: RMB88,664 million) of which amounts totaling RMB46,699 million have been utilized as of December 31, 2010 (2009: RMB49,897 million). Banking facilities of approximately RMB68,463 million will be subject to renewals in 2011. The directors of the Company are confident that such banking facilities can be renewed upon expiration based on their past experience and good credit standing.

       
     

In addition, as of December 31, 2010, the Group had credit facilities through its primary aluminum futures agent at the LME amounting to USD107 million (equivalent to RMB708.63 million) (2009: USD117 million (equivalent to RMB798.90 million)) of which USD15 million (equivalent to RMB99.12 million) (2009: USD0.06 million (equivalent to RMB0.38 million)) has been utilized. The futures agent has the right to adjust the related credit facilities.

       
     

Management also monitors rolling forecasts of the Group's liquidity reserve on the basis of expected cash flows.

       

F-30

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.1

Financial risk management (Continued)

     
   

(c)

Liquidity risk (Continued)

       
     

The table below analyzes the Group's non-derivative financial liabilities and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss that will be settled on a net basis into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period from balance sheet dates to the contractual maturity dates. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows.

       
       

Within

   

Over

 
       

1 year

1-2 years

2-5 years

5 years

Total

     







                 
     

As of December 31, 2009

         
     

Long-term bank and other loans

2,826,472

5,909,537

13,916,224

6,073,488

28,725,721

     

Long-term bonds

-

-

-

2,000,000

2,000,000

     

Medium-term notes

-

5,000,000

5,000,000

-

10,000,000

     

Short-term bank loans

22,993,285

-

-

-

22,993,285

     

Interest payables for borrowings

3,264,567

1,652,829

2,665,592

621,619

8,204,607

     

Financial liabilities at fair

         
     

   value through profit or loss

47,855

-

-

-

47,855

     

Other payables and

         
     

   accrued expenses (Note)

7,609,285

-

-

-

7,609,285

     

Trade and notes payable

6,172,443

-

-

-

6,172,443

     







                 
       

42,913,907

12,562,366

21,581,816

8,695,107

85,753,196

     







                 
     

As of December 31, 2010

         
     

Long-term bank and other loans

5,264,528

3,624,508

11,457,145

3,726,011

24,072,192

     

Long-term bonds

-

-

-

2,000,000

2,000,000

     

Medium-term notes

5,000,000

-

7,000,000

-

12,000,000

     

Short-term bonds

10,700,000

-

-

-

10,700,000

     

Short-term bank loans

20,589,680

-

-

-

20,589,680

     

Interest payables for borrowings

2,599,084

1,322,756

2,157,311

372,181

6,451,332

     

Financial liabilities at fair

         
     

   value through profit or loss

8,559

-

-

-

8,559

     

Other payables and

         
     

   accrued expenses (Note)

6,897,074

-

-

-

6,897,074

     

Trade and notes payable

6,376,342

-

-

-

6,376,342

     







                 
       

57,435,267

4,947,264

20,614,456

6,098,192

89,095,179

     







                 
     

Note:

Accrued payroll and bonus, staff welfare payables, contribution payable for retirement benefits and obligations in relation to early retirement schemes are excluded for the purpose of the above analysis.

         

F-31

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.2

Fair value estimation

     
   

Below is a summary of analysis on financial instruments carried at fair value, by valuation method. The different levels have been defined as follows:

     
   

-

Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1);

       
   

-

Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (Level 2); and

       
   

-

Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs) (Level 3).

       
   

The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets is based on quoted market prices at the balance sheet date. A market is regarded as active if quoted price are readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, industry group, pricing service, or regular agency, and those prices represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm's length basis. The quoted market price used for financial assets held by the Group is the current bid price. These instruments are included in Level 1.

     
   

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, over-the-counter derivatives) is determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximize the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.

     
   

As of December 31, 2010, all available-for-sale financial assets of the Group are measured at Level 3 fair value (2009: Level 3, except for available-for-sale financial assets amounting to RMB1 million are measured at Level 1) ; except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss amounting to RMB17 million (2009: nil), are measured at Level 2 fair value, all other financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are measured at Level 1 (2009: Level 1) fair value.

     
   

The carrying amount less provision for impairment of trade and other receivables, bank balances and cash, trade and other payables and accrued expenses, short-term bonds and short-term loans are assumed to approximate their fair values. The fair values of financial liabilities for disclosure purposes is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rates that are available to the Group for similar financial instruments.

     
 

3.3

Capital risk management

     
   

The Group's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

     
   

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividends paid to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debts.

     
   

Consistent with other entities in the industry, the Group monitors capital on the basis of its gearing ratio. This ratio is calculated as net debts divided by total capital. Net debts are calculated as total borrowings and other liabilities (including borrowings, other non-current liabilities, trade and notes payable, other payables and accrued expenses and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, as shown in the consolidated statement of financial position) less restricted cash, time deposits and cash and cash equivalents. Total capital is calculated as equity, as shown in the consolidated statement of financial position, plus net debts less non-controlling interests.

     

F-32

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

3.

Financial and capital risks management (Continued)

   
 

3.3

Capital risk management (Continued)

     
   

During 2009 and 2010, the change in sales price of the Group's primary products has adversely impacted profitability and net operating cash flows of the Group. The Group has entered into additional bank borrowings in order to ensure sufficient operating cash flows. The gearing ratio as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 is as follows:

     
     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Total borrowings and other liabilities

78,297,679

84,039,476

   

Less: restricted cash, time deposits and cash and cash equivalents

(7,858,760)

(9,495,645)

   




         
   

Net debts

70,438,919

74,543,831

   




         
   

Total equity

55,581,157

57,186,855

   

Add: net debts

70,438,919

74,543,831

   

Less: non-controlling interests

(5,180,419)

(5,606,063)

   




         
   

Total capital attributable to equity holders of the Company

120,839,657

126,124,623

   




         
   

Gearing ratio

58%

59%

   




         
   

There is no significant change in gearing ratio between December 31, 2009 and 2010.

     

4.

Critical accounting estimates and judgments

   
 

Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are reasonable under the circumstances.

   
 

The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. Critical estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material impact on the carrying amount of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

   
 

(a)

Property, plant and equipment - recoverable amount

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy (Note 2.9), each asset or cash generating unit is evaluated every reporting period to determine whether there are any indications of impairment. If any such indication exists, an estimate of recoverable amount is performed and an impairment loss recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an asset or cash generating group of assets is measured at the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use.

     
   

Fair value is determined as the amount that would be obtained from the sale of the asset in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties and is generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continued use of the asset, and its eventual disposal.

     

F-33

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

Critical accounting estimates and judgments (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Property, plant and equipment - recoverable amount (Continued)

     
   

Value in use is also generally determined as the present value of the estimated future cash flows, but only those expected to arise from the continued use of the asset in its present form and its eventual disposal. Present values are determined using a risk-adjusted pre-tax discount rate appropriate to the risks inherent in the asset. Future cash flow estimates are based on expected production and sales volumes, commodity prices (considering current and historical prices, price trends and related factors) and operating costs. This policy requires management to make these estimates and assumptions which are subject to risk and uncertainty; hence there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will alter these projections, which may impact the recoverable amount of the assets. In such circumstances, some or all of the carrying value of the assets may be impaired and the impairment would be charged against the statement of comprehensive income.

     
 

(b)

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets - estimated useful lives and residual values

     
   

The Group's management determines the estimated useful lives and residual values (if applicable) and consequently related depreciation/amortization charges for its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. These estimates are based on the historical experience of the actual useful lives of property, plant and equipment of similar nature and functions, or based on value-in-use calculations or market valuations according to the estimated periods that the Group intends to derive future economic benefits from the use of intangible assets. Management will increase the depreciation/amortization charge where useful lives are less than previously estimated lives, and it will write-off or write-down technically obsolete or non-strategic assets that have been abandoned or sold.

     
   

Actual economic lives may differ from estimated useful lives; and actual residual values may differ from estimated residual values. Periodic review could result in a change in depreciable lives and residual values and therefore depreciation/amortization expense in future periods.

     
 

(c)

Estimated impairment of inventories - net realizable value

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy (Note 2.11), the Group's management tests whether inventory suffered any impairment based on estimates of the net realizable value of the inventory. For different types of inventories, it requires the exercise of accounting estimates on selling price, costs of conversion, selling expenses and related tax expense to calculate its net realizable value. For inventories held for executed sales contracts, the management estimates net realizable value based on the contracted price; for other inventories, the management estimates realizable future price based on the actual prices during the period from the balance sheet date to the date these financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors of the Company and takes into account the nature and balance of inventories and future estimated price trends. For raw materials and work-in-progress, the management has established a model in estimating the net realized value at which the inventories can be realized in the normal course of business after considering the Group's manufacturing cycles, production capacity and forecasts, estimated future conversion costs and selling prices. The management also takes into account the price or cost fluctuations and other related matters occurring after the balance sheet date which reflect conditions that existed as of the balance sheet date.

     
   

It is reasonably possible that if there is a significant change in circumstances including the Group's business and the external environment, outcomes within the next financial year would be significantly affected.

     

F-34

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

4.

Critical accounting estimates and judgments (Continued)

   
 

(d)

Income tax

     
   

The Group estimates its income tax provision and deferred income taxation in accordance with the prevailing tax rules and regulations, taking into account any special approvals obtained from relevant tax authorities and any preferential tax treatment to which it is entitled in each location or jurisdiction in which the Group operates. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. The Group recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred income tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

     
   

For temporary differences which give rise to deferred income tax assets, the Group has assessed the likelihood that the deferred income tax assets could be recovered. Major deferred income tax assets relate to deductible tax losses and provision for impairment of assets and accruals of expenses not yet deductible for tax purposes. Due to the effects of these temporary differences on income tax, the Group has recorded deferred income tax assets amounting to approximately RMB1,536 million as of December 31, 2010 (2009: approximately RMB1,818 million). Deferred income tax assets are recognized based on the Group's estimates and assumptions that they will be recovered from taxable income arising from continuing operations in the foreseeable future.

     
   

The Group believes it has recorded adequate current tax provision and deferred income taxes based on the prevailing tax rules and regulations and its current best estimates and assumptions. In the event that future tax rules and regulations or related circumstances change, adjustments to current and deferred income taxation may be necessary which would impact the Group's results or financial position.

     
 

(e)

Goodwill - recoverable amount

     
   

In accordance with the Group's accounting policy (Note 2.7(a)), goodwill is allocated to the Group's operating segment as it represents the lowest level within the Group at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes and is tested for impairment annually by preparing a formal estimate of the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is estimated as the value in use of the operating segment. Similar considerations to those described above in respect of assessing the recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment apply to goodwill.

     

F-35

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

Business combinations under common control

   
 

On May 30, 2008, the Company acquired the following six companies from Aluminum Corporation of China ("Chinalco") (), the Company's immediate and ultimate holding company, and China Nonferrous Metals Processing Technology Co., Ltd. ("China Nonferrous") () (an entity controlled by Chinalco) for total cash consideration of RMB4,175 million. On October 1, 2008, the Company also acquired the aluminum alloy business from Pingguo Aluminum Company (an entity controlled by Chinalco) ("Aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum") for cash consideration of RMB96 million. Pursuant to the relevant acquisition agreements, the original shareholders of these companies/business are entitled to any profit or loss generated by the entities acquired between the agreed-upon valuation dates and respective effective acquisition dates. In this connection, the Company had received RMB27 million from Pingguo Aluminum Company for the acquisition of the Aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum in 2008, and has to pay Chinalco and China Nonferrous a total of RMB6 million for the acquisition of the six companies below. As of December 31, 2010, the amount payable to Chinalco and China Nonferrous remained outstanding. All these entities are incorporated and operated in the PRC and their details are as follows:

   
 

Name of acquiree

Principal activities

 



     
 

Lanzhou Liancheng Longxing Aluminum Company Limited

Manufacture and distribution of primary aluminum

 

   ()

 
 

Huaxi Aluminum Company Limited

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum fabrication products

 

   ()

 
 

Chalco Ruimin

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum fabrication products

 

Chalco Southwest Aluminum Cold Rolling

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum fabrication products

 

Chalco Southwest Aluminum

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum fabrication products

 

Henan Aluminum

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum fabrication products

 

Aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum

Manufacture and distribution of aluminum alloy rods

 

   ()

 
 



     
 

As both the Company and all the above acquired companies/business are under the common control of Chinalco before and after the acquisitions, these transactions were accounted for as common control business combinations, using merger accounting for all periods presented herein. For the period between January 1, 2008 and May 30, 2008, revenue and net profit contributed by the aforementioned six companies amounted to RMB6,490 million and RMB106 million, respectively. For the period between January 1, 2008 and October 1, 2008, revenue and net loss contributed by the aforementioned Aluminum alloy business of Pingguo Aluminum amounted to RMB543 million and RMB17 million, respectively.

   

F-36

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

5.

Business combinations under common control (Continued)

   
 

On October 29, 2009, the Company acquired 100% equity interest of the following companies/business from Zhongzhou Aluminum Factory, a company registered in Henan province in the PRC and a subsidiary of Chinalco and Zhongzhou Aluminum Factory Labour Services Company Limited for total cash consideration of RMB35 million. Pursuant to the terms set out in the acquisition agreements, the original shareholders/owners of these companies/business are entitled to any profit or loss generated by the entities acquired between the agreed-upon valuation dates, March 31, 2009, and October 29, 2009. In this connection, the Company had paid an additional RMB2 million to the original shareholders/owners of these companies/business in February 2010. The acquired companies/business are:

   
 

Name of acquiree

Principal activities

 



     
 

Henan Zhongzhou Aluminum Construction Company Ltd

Provision of construction and engineering

 

   ("Zhongzhou Construction")

    services for mining industry

 

   ()

 
 

Jiaozuo Hongrui Chemical Company Ltd

Supply of chemical products and accessory

 

   ()

    supplies for the mining industry

 

Henan Xincheng Construction Supervisory

Provision of management services for

 

    Services Company Ltd

    construction projects work

 

   ("Xincheng Construction")

 
 

   ()

 
 

Limestone mine business of Zhongzhou

Supply of limestone products

 

    Aluminum Fengying Company Ltd.

 
 

   ()

 
 



     
 

As both the Company and all the above acquired companies/business are under the common control of Chinalco immediately before and after the acquisitions, these transactions were accounted for as common control business combinations, using merger accounting for all periods presented herein as if the merger had been consummated since the inception of common control. For the period between January 1, 2009 and October 29, 2009, revenue and net profit contributed by the aforementioned companies/business amounted to RMB96 million and RMB3 million, respectively.

   
 

In accordance with the requirements under merger accounting, the consolidated statement of financial position and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2008 are presented on an "as if" consolidated basis as follows:

   
   

For the year ended December 31, 2008

   


     

Acquired

   
     

companies/

   
   

Before

business under

Consolidation

As if

   

acquisition

common control

adjustments

consolidated

 






           
 

Revenues

76,725,941

289,269

(287,063)

76,728,147

 

Profit for the year

158,372

22,063

(11,806)

168,629

 

Total current assets

42,486,987

138,936

(68,928)

42,556,995

 

Total non-current assets

93,040,532

50,952

(36,327)

93,055,157

 

Total current liabilities

38,522,073

148,188

(48,163)

38,622,098

 

Total non-current liabilities

36,808,624

-

-

36,808,624

 

Total equity

60,196,822

41,700

(57,092)

60,181,430

 






           
 

There is no business combination under common control completed during the year ended December 31, 2010.

   

F-37

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information

   
 

(a)

Revenue

     
   

Revenue recognized during the year is as follows:

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Sales of goods (net of value-added tax)

73,679,573

68,556,451

118,374,341

   

Other revenue

3,048,574

1,711,554

2,620,506

   





           
     

76,728,147

70,268,005

120,994,847

   





           
   

Other revenue primarily includes revenue from sales of scrap and other materials, supply of electricity, gas, heat and water and provision of machinery processing and other services.

     
 

(b)

Segment information

     
   

The chief operating decision-maker of the Company has been identified as the Company's Executive Committee. The Executive Committee is responsible for the review of the internal reports in order to allocate resources to operating segments and assess their performance. The Executive Committee assesses the performance of operating segments based on profit or loss before income tax in related periods. Unless otherwise stated below, the manner of assessment used by the Executive Committee is consistent with that applied in this consolidated financial statements. Management has determined the operating segments based on the reports reviewed by the Executive Committee that are used to make strategic decisions.

     
   

In July 2010, as result of the implementation of the Group's operational structural adjustment exercise, the Group's trading business was established as a new operating segment. In addition, the Group also redesigned its internal reports periodically reviewed by the Executive Committee in order to better alight with the Group's operational structure. As a result of these changes, the Executive Committee considers the business from a product perspective comprising alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication for the Group's manufacturing business, and trading business is identified as a separate reportable operating segment. In addition, the Group's operating segments also include corporate and other services which cover other operating activities of the Group including research and development. Accordingly, 2008 and 2009 comparative information has been reclassified to conform to 2010 presentation/classification.

     

F-38

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
   

Alumina segment, which consists of mining and purchasing bauxite and other raw materials, refining bauxite into alumina, and selling alumina both internally to the Group's aluminum plants and externally to customers outside the Group. This segment also includes the production and sales of chemical alumina (including alumina hydrate and alumina chemicals) and metal gallium.

     
   

Primary aluminum segment, which consists of procuring alumina and other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, smelting alumina to produce primary aluminum and selling them to the Group's internal aluminum fabrication plants and external customers. This segment also includes the production and sales of carbon products and aluminum alloy products.

     
   

Alumina fabrication segment, which consists of procuring primary aluminum, other raw materials, supplemental materials and electricity power, and further processing primary aluminum for the production and sales of seven main aluminum fabricated products, including casts, planks, screens, extrusions, forges, powder and die castings.

     
   

The trading segment, which engages in the trading of alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication products, other non-ferrous metal products and raw materials and supplemental materials to external customers in the PRC. The products are sourced from fellow subsidiaries, and international and domestic suppliers to the Group. Sales of products manufactured by the Group's manufacturing business are included in the total revenue of the trading segment and are eliminated from the segment revenue of the respective segments which supplied the products to trading segment.

     
   

Segment assets mainly exclude prepaid current income tax and deferred income tax assets. Segment liabilities mainly exclude the current income tax liabilities and deferred income tax liabilities.

     
   

All sales among the operating segments were conducted at terms mutually agreed among group companies, and have been eliminated at the consolidated level.

     

F-39

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

For the year ended December 31, 2008

     


             

Corporate

   
             

and other

Inter-

 
       

Primary

Aluminum

 

operating

segment

 
     

Alumina

aluminum

fabrication

Trading

segments

elimination

Total

   









                   
   

Total revenue

27,311,219

51,273,073

10,485,380

37,047,036

605,162

(49,993,723)

76,728,147

   

Inter-segment revenue

(16,622,241)

(23,302,260)

(740,870)

(9,328,352)

-

49,993,723

-

   









                   
   

Revenue from

             
   

   external customers

10,688,978

27,970,813

9,744,510

27,718,684

605,162

-

76,728,147

   









                   
   

Segment profit/(loss)

511,220

614,516

(612,017)

(175,558)

(469,878)

266,174

134,457

   

Income tax benefit

           

34,172

   









                   
   

Profit for the year

           

168,629

   









                   
   

Other items

             
   

Finance income

23,877

35,986

5,963

14,823

112,442

-

193,091

   

Finance costs

(321,267)

(935,163)

(308,067)

1,343

(339,604)

-

(1,902,758)

   

Share of loss of jointly

             
   

   controlled entities

-

-

-

-

1,672

-

1,672

   

Share of profit

             
   

   of associates

-

14,788

-

-

(4,743)

-

10,045

   

Amortization of land use

             
   

   rights and leasehold land

23,453

16,390

6,658

-

-

-

46,501

   

Depreciation and

             
   

   amortization

2,410,900

2,440,773

309,608

2,363

126,037

-

5,289,681

   

(Gain)/loss on disposal

             
   

   of property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

46,094

11,859

1,525

(344)

16

-

59,150

   

Impairment charge/write-off

             
   

    of property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

1,334

-

-

-

-

-

1,334

   

Reversal for impairment of

             
   

   inventories

302,301

407,318

206,637

-

-

-

916,256

   

Provision for impairment

             
   

    of receivables, net of bad

             
   

   debts recovered

(10,254)

(20,347)

(3,489)

-

-

-

(34,090)

   









                   
   

Additions to non-current

             
   

    assets during the year

             
   

Intangible assets

249,965

38,885

130

610

62,573

-

352,163

   

Land use rights

150,611

147,113

24,600

-

-

-

322,324

   

Property, plant and equipment

9,463,240

10,726,494

1,780,579

3,482

76,348

-

22,050,143

   









                   

F-40

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

For the year ended December 31, 2009

     


             

Corporate

   
             

and other

Inter-

 
       

Primary

Aluminum

 

operating

segment

 
     

Alumina

aluminum

fabrication

Trading

segments

elimination

Total

   









                   
   

Total revenue

18,289,471

42,731,218

7,102,579

38,451,272

286,088

(36,592,623)

70,268,005

   

Inter-segment revenue

(12,555,416)

(16,463,537)

(1,062,138)

(6,511,532)

-

36,592,623

-

   









                   
   

Revenue from

             
   

   external customers

5,734,055

26,267,681

6,040,441

31,939,740

286,088

-

70,268,005

   









                   
   

Segment (loss)/profit

(2,895,597)

(1,426,521)

(897,907)

632,500

(689,217)

(113,855)

(5,390,597)

   

Income tax benefit

           

711,003

   









                   
   

Loss for the year

           

(4,679,594)

   









                   
   

Other items

             
   

Finance income

10,635

28,693

6,701

13,457

65,653

-

125,139

   

Finance costs

(383,409)

(1,231,458)

(315,643)

(1,378)

(331,076)

-

(2,262,964)

   

Share of loss of jointly

             
   

   controlled entities

-

-

-

-

(50,392)

-

(50,392)

   

Share of profit

             
   

   of associates

-

75,498

-

-

1,558

-

77,056

   

Amortization of land use

             
   

   rights and leasehold land

14,833

17,828

7,419

-

7,442

-

47,522

   

Depreciation and amortization

2,574,998

2,662,595

341,062

2,950

134,200

-

5,715,805

   

(Gain)/loss on disposal of

             
   

    property, plant and

             
   

   equipment

(5,319)

20,503

-

-

12,160

-

27,344

   

Impairment charge/write-off

             
   

   of property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

128,775

335,432

159,584

-

-

-

623,791

   

Reversal for impairment

             
   

   of inventories

(213,736)

(501,391)

(194,617)

(423)

-

-

(910,167)

   

Provision for impairment of

             
   

    receivables, net of bad

             
   

   debts recovered

10,862

1,039

603

-

175

-

12,679

   









                   
   

Additions to non-current

             
   

    assets during the year

             
   

Intangible assets

71,580

33,309

383

-

22,125

-

127,397

   

Land use rights

250,091

10,579

-

-

-

-

260,670

   

Property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

5,389,115

2,770,827

2,054,675

2,155

80,705

-

10,297,477

   









                   

F-41

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
     

For the year ended December 31, 2010

     


             

Corporate

   
             

and other

Inter-

 
       

Primary

Aluminum

 

operating

segment

 
     

Alumina

aluminum

fabrication

Trading

segments

elimination

Total

   









                   
   

Total revenue

26,837,922

53,255,011

10,466,016

90,141,373

190,326

(59,895,801)

120,994,847

   

Inter-segment revenue

(24,689,632)

(26,847,748)

(150,676)

(8,159,134)

(48,611)

59,895,801

-

   









                   
   

Revenue from

             
   

   external customers

2,148,290

26,407,263

10,315,340

81,982,239

141,715

-

120,994,847

   









                   
   

Segment profit/(loss)

1,077,144

358,782

(323,568)

860,637

(490,258)

(102,383)

1,380,354

   

Income tax expense

           

(411,216)

   









                   
   

Profit for the year

           

969,138

   









                   
   

Other items

             
   

Finance income

17,572

18,493

4,824

13,210

37,010

-

91,109

   

Finance costs

(532,291)

(1,307,058)

(309,644)

(90,976)

(346,324)

-

(2,586,293)

   

Share of profit of jointly

             
   

   controlled entities

-

-

-

-

233,784

-

233,784

   

Share of profit

             
   

   of associates

-

230,098

570

-

9,360

-

240,028

   

Amortization of land use

             
   

   rights and leasehold land

27,779

21,123

7,645

8

2,190

-

58,745

   

Depreciation and amortization

2,756,616

3,075,767

362,391

3,246

100,612

-

6,298,632

   

(Gain)/loss on disposal of

             
   

   property, plant and

             
   

   equipment

(2,473)

(26,974)

48

-

75

-

(29,324)

   

Impairment charge/write-off

             
   

    of property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

372,629

329,152

-

-

-

-

701,781

   

Provision/(reversal) for

             
   

   impairment of inventories

15,562

18,798

(86)

-

-

-

34,274

   

Provision for impairment of

             
   

    receivables, net of bad

             
   

   debts recovered

20,066

1,157

1,711

-

4,800

-

27,734

   









                   
   

Additions to non-current

             
   

    assets during the year

             
   

Intangible assets

69,598

19,546

444

1,082

37,183

-

127,853

   

Land use rights

166,527

117,094

15,840

-

-

-

299,461

   

Property, plant

             
   

   and equipment

4,124,751

3,365,592

1,042,731

14,047

42,374

-

8,589,495

   









                   

F-42

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
             

Corporate

   
             

and other

Inter-

 
       

Primary

Aluminum

 

operating

segment

 
     

Alumina

aluminum

fabrication

Trading

segments

elimination

Total

   









                   
   

As of December 31, 2009:

             
   

Segment assets

52,302,401

53,257,537

13,818,766

6,937,975

11,071,289

(5,351,526)

132,036,442

   

Unallocated:

             
   

Deferred income tax assets

           

1,647,240

   

Prepaid income tax

           

291,507

                 


                   
   

Total assets

           

133,975,189

                 


                   
   

Segment liabilities

26,219,954

31,110,437

9,926,120

6,243,025

10,035,814

(5,237,671)

78,297,679

   

Unallocated:

             
   

Deferred income tax liabilities

           

34,535

   

Current income tax liabilities

           

61,818

                 


                   
   

Total liabilities

           

78,394,032

                 


                   
   

As of December 31, 2010:

             
   

Segment assets

54,746,269

54,253,441

15,508,792

7,979,162

13,434,371

(6,315,016)

139,607,019

   

Unallocated:

             
   

Deferred income tax assets

           

1,410,781

   

Prepaid income tax

           

304,239

                 


                   
   

Total assets

           

141,322,039

                 


                   
   

Segment liabilities

27,038,548

31,115,258

11,712,111

6,568,614

13,703,723

(6,098,778)

84,039,476

   

Unallocated:

             
   

Current income tax liabilities

           

95,708

                 


                   
   

Total liabilities

           

84,135,184

                 


                   

F-43

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

6.

Revenue and segment information (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Segment information (Continued)

     
   

The Company is domiciled in the PRC. Geographical information on operating segments is as follows:

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Segment revenue from external customers

     
   

   - The PRC

76,563,287

70,241,729

120,990,827

   

   - Other countries

164,860

26,276

4,020

   





           
     

76,728,147

70,268,005

120,994,847

   





           
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Non-current assets (excluding financial assets and deferred income tax assets)

   
   

   - The PRC

95,239,803

98,112,058

   

   - Other countries

697,956

429,775

   




         
     

95,937,759

98,541,833

   




         
   

For the year ended December 31, 2010, revenues of approximately RMB28,945 million (2008: RMB11,615 million; 2009: RMB13,645 million) are derived from entities directly or indirectly owned or controlled by the PRC government. These revenues are mainly attributable to the alumina, primary aluminum, aluminum fabrication and trading segments. There is no other individual customer with its proportion of segment revenue more than 10%.

     

F-44

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

Intangible assets

   
       

Computer

 
     

Mining

software

 
   

Goodwill

rights

and others

Total

 






           
 

As of January 1, 2009

       
 

Cost

2,362,735

655,034

128,381

3,146,150

 

Accumulated amortization

-

(122,554)

(35,527)

(158,081)

 






           
 

Net book amount

2,362,735

532,480

92,854

2,988,069

 






           
 

Year ended December 31, 2009

       
 

Opening net book amount

2,362,735

532,480

92,854

2,988,069

 

Additions

-

92,166

35,231

127,397

 

Amortization

-

(45,740)

(20,251)

(65,991)

 






           
 

Closing net book amount

2,362,735

578,906

107,834

3,049,475

 






           
 

As of December 31, 2009

       
 

Cost

2,362,735

741,292

163,612

3,267,639

 

Accumulated amortization

-

(162,386)

(55,778)

(218,164)

 






           
 

Net book amount

2,362,735

578,906

107,834

3,049,475

 






           
 

Year ended December 31, 2010

       
 

Opening net book amount

2,362,735

578,906

107,834

3,049,475

 

Additions

-

72,754

55,099

127,853

 

Reclassification (Note 8)

-

(75,876)

-

(75,876)

 

Amortization

-

(45,388)

(22,189)

(67,577)

 






           
 

Closing net book amount

2,362,735

530,396

140,744

3,033,875

 






           
 

As of December 31, 2010

       
 

Cost

2,362,735

738,170

218,711

3,319,616

 

Accumulated amortization

-

(207,774)

(77,967)

(285,741)

 






           
 

Net book amount

2,362,735

530,396

140,744

3,033,875

 






           
 

Amortization expense recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income is analyzed as follows:

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Cost of sales

37,862

43,486

52,584

 

General and administrative expenses (Note 26)

15,085

22,505

14,993

 





         
   

52,947

65,991

67,577

 





         

F-45

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

7.

Intangible assets (Continued)

   
 

Impairment test for goodwill

   
 

Goodwill is allocated to the Group's cash-generating units ("CGUs") and groups of CGUs identified according to operating segments. A segment level summary of goodwill allocation is presented below:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

   



     

Primary

 

Primary

   

Alumina

aluminum

Alumina

aluminum

 






           
 

Qinghai Branch

-

217,267

-

217,267

 

Guangxi Branch

189,419

-

189,419

-

 

Lanzhou Branch

-

1,924,259

-

1,924,259

 

Jiaozuo Wanfang Power Co., Ltd. ("Wanfang Power")

-

31,790

-

31,790

 






           
   

189,419

2,173,316

189,419

2,173,316

 






           
 

The recoverable amount of a CGU is determined based on value-in-use calculations. These calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a 5-year period. Cash flows beyond the 5-year period are extrapolated using the estimated growth rates which not exceeding the long-term average growth rates for the businesses in which the CGU operates. Other key assumptions applied in the impairment tests include the expected product price, demand for the products, product cost and related expenses. Management determined these key assumptions based on past performance and its expectations on market development. Further, management adopts a pre-tax rate of 14.31% (2009: 10.50%) that reflects specific risks related to CGUs and groups of CGUs as discount rates. The assumptions above are used in analyzing recoverable amounts of CGUs and groups of CGUs within operating segments.

   
 

The directors of the Company are of the view that, based on its assessment, there was no impairment of goodwill as of December 31, 2010 (2009: Nil).

   
 

A one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease or increase in the recoverable amount of 7.86% and 6.95% respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in estimated growth, with all other variables held constant, would result in a increase or decrease in the recoverable amount of 6.47% and 4.73% respectively.

   

F-46

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

Property, plant and equipment

   
         

Office and

   
     

Plant and

Transportation

other

Construction-

 
   

Buildings

machinery

facilities

equipment

in-progress

Total

 








               
 

As of January 1, 2009

           
 

Cost

28,503,020

71,116,046

3,051,914

580,191

20,870,953

124,122,124

 

Accumulated depreciation

           
 

   and impairment

(8,142,809)

(28,229,722)

(1,443,698)

(296,625)

(20,244)

(38,133,098)

 








               
 

Net book amount

20,360,211

42,886,324

1,608,216

283,566

20,850,709

85,989,026

 








               
 

Year ended December 31, 2009

           
 

Opening net book amount

20,360,211

42,886,324

1,608,216

283,566

20,850,709

85,989,026

 

Transfers/reclassifications

2,786,508

8,259,495

172,847

296

(11,219,146)

-

 

Additions

58,023

218,337

2,221

6,260

9,910,720

10,195,561

 

Disposals

(13,820)

(30,572)

(706)

(444)

(20,305)

(65,847)

 

Depreciation

(1,060,987)

(4,565,604)

(241,323)

(67,870)

-

(5,935,784)

 

Currency translation differences

3,217

(95)

(2)

(1)

98,797

101,916

 

Impairment loss

(144,150)

(315,703)

(4,014)

(341)

(159,583)

(623,791)

 








               
 

Closing net book amount

21,989,002

46,452,182

1,537,239

221,466

19,461,192

89,661,081

 








               
 

As of December 31, 2009

           
 

Cost

31,325,327

78,965,256

3,203,745

562,745

19,637,651

133,694,724

 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment

(9,336,325)

(32,513,074)

(1,666,506)

(341,279)

(176,459)

(44,033,643)

 








               
 

Net book amount

21,989,002

46,452,182

1,537,239

221,466

19,461,192

89,661,081

 








               
 

Year ended December 31, 2010

           
 

Opening net book amount

21,989,002

46,452,182

1,537,239

221,466

19,461,192

89,661,081

 

Transfers/reclassifications (Note 7)

3,098,411

5,615,592

122,885

11,035

(8,772,047)

75,876

 

Transfer to non-current assets held for sale

-

(41,162)

(567)

(509)

(620,432)

(662,670)

 

Additions

47,787

9,397

6,098

2,742

8,523,471

8,589,495

 

Disposals

(14,913)

(103,223)

(5,094)

(346)

(184,868)

(308,444)

 

Depreciation

(1,091,191)

(4,497,643)

(242,367)

(66,256)

-

(5,897,457)

 

Currency translation differences

455

68

(51)

(22)

22,122

22,572

 

Impairment loss

(4,596)

(323,547)

(164)

(845)

(372,629)

(701,781)

 








               
 

Closing net book amount

24,024,955

47,111,664

1,417,979

167,265

18,056,809

90,778,672

 








               
 

As of December 31, 2010

           
 

Cost

34,139,583

82,844,111

3,167,132

564,879

18,461,694

139,177,399

 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment

(10,114,628)

(35,732,447)

(1,749,153)

(397,614)

(404,885)

(48,398,727)

 








               
 

Net book amount

24,024,955

47,111,664

1,417,979

167,265

18,056,809

90,778,672

 








               

F-47

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

Depreciation expense recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income is analyzed as follows:

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Cost of sales

5,005,571

5,404,648

6,014,643

 

General and administrative expenses (Note 26)

225,903

238,174

207,075

 

Selling and distribution expenses (Note 25)

5,260

6,992

9,337

 





         
   

5,236,734

5,649,814

6,231,055

 





         
 

As of December 31, 2010, the Group is in the process of applying for the ownership certificates of buildings at net book value of RMB2,869 million (2009: RMB2,268 million).

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, net book value of buildings amounting to RMB6 million (2009: RMB7 million) are situated in Hong Kong.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2010, interest expenses of RMB645 million (2008: RB920 million; 2009: RMB880 million) arising from borrowings attributable to the construction of property, plant and equipment during the year were capitalized at an annual rate of approximately 4.77% (2008: 6.77%; 2009: 5.30%), and were included in 'additions' to property, plant and equipment.

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, the Group has pledged property, plant and equipment at net book value amounting to RMB1,117 million (2009: RMB1,712 million) for bank and other borrowings as set out in Note 24.

   
 

Impairment test for property, plant and equipment

   
 

When any indicators of impairment are identified, property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment based on each CGU. The cash generating units are individual plant/entity. The carrying value of these individual plant/entity was compared to the recoverable amount of the CGUs, which was based predominantly on value-in-use. Value-in-use calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a 5-year period. Cash flows beyond the 5-year period are extrapolated using the estimated growth rates which not exceeding the long-term average growth rates for the businesses in which the CGU operates. Other key assumptions applied in the impairment tests include the expected product price, demand for the products, product cost, related expenses and applicable exchange rate. Management determined these key assumptions based on past performance and its expectations on market development. Further, management adopts a pre-tax rate of 10.12% (2009: 10.50%) that reflects specific risks related to CGUs and groups of CGUs as discount rates. The assumptions above are used in analyzing recoverable amounts of CGUs and groups of CGUs within operating segments.

   
 

Where it is considered more likely than not that an individual CGU will be disposed within the near-term rather than continue to be held and operated by the Group, the recoverable amount is based on the estimated net disposal value of the CGU less cost to disposal rather than by reference to its value-in-use.

   

F-48

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

Impairment test for property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

Except for the assets to be retired or dispose of and the assets related to the exploration and development of bauxite resources in Aurukun, Queensland, Australia (the "AuruKun Project") mentioned in Notes 8(a) and 8(b), based on management's impairment assessment, there was no impairment to other property, plant and equipment of the Group as of December 31, 2010 (2009: nil).

   
 

A one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate, with all other variables held constant, would result in a 4.40% and 4.63% decrease or increase in the estimated recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment respectively. A one percent increase or decrease in estimated growth, with all other variables held constant, would result in a 0.88% and 1.01% increase or decrease in the estimated recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment respectively.

   
 

For the year ended December 31, 2010, impairment charges and write-off in aggregate amounting to RMB702 million (2008: RMB1 million; 2009: RMB624 million) was recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Details of these impairment losses are analyzed as follows:

   
 

(a)

As a result of adjustments to the Group's operational structure from late 2009 through 2010, the Group determined that certain properties, plant and equipment would be retired (including certain constructions in progress would be abandoned) or disposed through a sale transaction. As of December 31, 2010, an impairment loss amounted to RMB329 million (2009: RMB624 million) represented the difference between the carrying value of these property, plant and equipment of RMB370 million (2009: RMB1,600 million) and their estimated recoverable amounts (estimated fair value less costs to sell).

     
   

In addition, property, plant and equipment amounting to RMB663 million (2009: nil) as of December 31, 2010 are reclassified to 'current assets' as non-current assets held for sale in accordance with the requirement under IFRS 5 'Non-current assets held for sales and discontinued operations', of which non-current assets held for sale amounting to RMB41 million (2009: nil) are classified in 'non-current assets' as these assets will be exchanged for interest in an associate.

     
 

(b)

On March 23, 2007, the Company entered into a development agreement ("Development Agreement") with the Queensland State Government of Australia for the Aurukun Project. Pursuant to the Development Agreement, the Company would mine the bauxite resources, build and operate a bauxite refinery smelting plant in Queensland, Australia. However, due to adverse changes in the aluminum industry after the financial crisis in 2008, the Aurukun Project had been hindered by various unfavorable factors to the extent that it could not be implemented in accordance with the timetable specified in the Development Agreement. On June 30, 2010, the Development Agreement automatically terminated upon its expiration date. After the expiration of the Development Agreement, the Company and Queensland State Government agreed to continue discussion in ways to continue development of the Aurukun Project. In October 2010, the Company submitted a proposal to the Queensland State Government a revised development plan pursuant to which the Company could continue to mine the bauxite resources but postponing or terminating the building of the bauxite refinery plant, at the same time, to seek alternative investment projects, which could enable the Company to earn a reasonable profit. On December 3, 2010, Queensland State Government has offered to the Company a revised development agreement which allowing the Company to change the AuruKun Project from a mining plus refinery plant integrated project to a mining plus replacement project. With the approval from the Company's Executive Committee, the Company and the Queensland State Government are currently in discussion based on this revised development agreement and aim to finalize the relevant terms and conditions that can be mutually agreeable between the parties. As of December 31, 2010, no formal agreement has been reached between the parties.

     

F-49

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

8.

Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

Impairment test for property, plant and equipment (Continued)

   
 

(b)

(Continued)

     
   

As of December 31, 2010, total capitalized development costs in relation to Aurukun Project amounts to RMB733 million (2009: RMB636 million). In view of the planned cessation of building of alumina plant, all capitalized development costs attributable to the refinery plant as of December 31, 2010 were fully provided for which resulting a charge of RMB373 million (2008 and 2009: nil) recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

     
   

With respect to the mining operation, management conducted an impairment assessment at December 31, 2010 in accordance with the aforementioned methodology, and concluded that there was no impairment of the capitalized development attributable to the mining operation (2009: nil).

     
   

The level of impairment is predominantly dependent upon judgments used in arriving at project disposal value, future growth rates, the discount rate applied to cash flow projections and successfully develop the mining operation of the Aurukun Project. The estimates and judgment used in the aforementioned assessment represent management's best estimate based on current experience and information available, which may be different from the actual result in the future due to changes in the Group's business and other external environment. Any significant changes in estimated average alumina price, USD:AUD exchange rate, expected capital expenditures or new development agreement would lead to some or all of the capitalized assets would have been impaired.

     

9.

Land use rights and leasehold land

   
 

Details of land use rights and leasehold land are as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Finance leases:

   
 

In Hong Kong, held on:

   
 

Leases between 10 to 50 years

92,660

87,281

       
 

Operating leases:

   
 

In the mainland of the PRC, held on:

   
 

Leases less than 10 years

16,083

10,807

 

Leases between 10 to 50 years

1,834,625

2,075,731

 

Leases over 50 years

179

7,127

 




       
   

1,943,547

2,180,946

 




       

F-50

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

9.

Land use rights and leasehold land (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Finance leases

     
     

2009

2010

   




         
   

As of January 1,

   
   

Cost

98,875

98,724

   

Accumulated amortization

(3,718)

(6,064)

   




         
   

Net book amount

95,157

92,660

   




         
   

Year ended December 31,

   
   

Opening net book amount

95,157

92,660

   

Exchange differences

(151)

(3,317)

   

Amortization

(2,346)

(2,062)

   




         
   

Closing net book amount

92,660

87,281

   




         
   

As of December 31,

   
   

Cost

98,724

95,407

   

Accumulated amortization

(6,064)

(8,126)

   




         
   

Net book amount

92,660

87,281

   




         
   

As of December 31, 2010, finance lease represent leasehold land situated in Hong Kong held on lease of 36 years (2009: 37 years).

     
   

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, amortization expense is recognized in 'general and administrative expenses' in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

     
 

(b)

Operating leases prepayments

     
     

2009

2010

   




         
   

As of January 1,

1,635,393

1,850,887

   

Additions

260,670

299,461

   

Amortization

(45,176)

(56,683)

   




         
   

As of December 31,

1,850,887

2,093,665

   




         
   

As of December 31, 2010, the Group is in the process of applying for the certificates of land use rights amounted to RMB371 million (2009: RMB338 million).

     
   

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, amortization expense is recognized in 'general and administrative expenses' in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

     

F-51

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

Investments in jointly controlled entities/associates

   
 

(a)

Investments in jointly controlled entities

     
   

Movements in investments in jointly controlled entities are as follows:

     
     

2009

2010

   




         
   

As of January 1,

701,850

685,459

   

Capital injections

34,001

71,325

   

Share of (loss)/profit for the year

(50,392)

233,784

   




         
   

As of December 31,

685,459

990,568

   




         
   

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, jointly controlled entities of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows:

     
             

Effective

             

equity

     

Place of

   

Business

interest

     

incorporation

 

Registered      

nature and

held

     

and

Legal

and fully      

scope of


   

Name

operation

status

paid capital      

operations

2009

2010

   








                 
   

Shanxi Jinxin Aluminum Co., Ltd.

PRC

Limited

20,000      

Manufacture and distribution of

50%

50%

   

   ("Jinxin Aluminum")

 

liability

 

    primary aluminum

   
   

   ()

 

company

       
   

   (Note (i))

           
   

Guangxi Huayin Aluminum Co. Ltd.

PRC

Limited

2,441,987      

Manufacture and

33%

33%

   

   ()

 

liability

 

    distribution of alumina

   
   

   (Note (ii))

 

company

       
   








                 
   

The English names of jointly controlled entities represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

     
   

Notes:

     
   

(i)

As of December 31, 2010, the Group's investments in Jinxin Aluminum have been fully written-down and the Group does not have obligation to share any additional losses of Jinxin Aluminum.

       
   

(ii)

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company injected cash amounting to RMB71 million (2008: RMB64 million; 2009: RMB34 million) to Guangxi Huayin Aluminum Co. Ltd.

       
   

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, the Group's shares of interests in its jointly controlled entities are as follows:

     
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Assets

2,754,414

2,787,528

   

Liabilities

(2,068,955)

(1,796,960)

   

Revenue

771,048

1,333,472

   

(Loss)/profit for the year

(50,392)

233,784

   




         
   

Proportionate interests in jointly controlled

   
   

   entities' capital commitments

169,652

26,996

   




         
   

There were no material contingent liabilities relating to the Group's interests in the jointly controlled entities and the jointly controlled entities themselves.

     

F-52

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

Investments in jointly controlled entities/associates (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates

     
   

Movements in investments in associates are as follows:

     
     

2009

2010

   




         
   

As of January 1,

104,809

197,070

   

Capital injection/additions (Note (i))

-

748,650

   

Transformation from a subsidiary to an associate (Note (ii))

-

30,000

   

Share of profit for the year

77,056

240,028

   

Share of change in reserves

15,205

(3,140)

   




         
   

As of December 31,

197,070

1,212,608

   




         
   

Notes:

     
   

(i)

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Group injected cash amounting to RMB549 million (2008 and 2009: nil) and RMB200 million (2008 and 2009: nil) to Jiaozuo Coal Group Xinxiang (Zhaogu) Energy Corporation Co., Ltd. () and Henan Zhongfu Special Aluminum Co., Ltd (), respectively, according to the Group's proportionate interest in the respective associates.

       
   

(ii)

In March 2010, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Duofuduo Chemical Co., Ltd. ("Duofuduo Chemical") (). Pursuant to the agreement, Duofuduo Chemical injected cash of RMB37 million into Fushun Fluoride Co., Ltd. ("Fushun Fluoride") () for 55% equity interest in Fushun Fluoride. Thereafter, the Company's equity interest in Fushun Fluoride decreased from 100% to 45% and the Company ceased to have control from June 30, 2010 onwards. At the same time, Fushun Fluoride changed its name to Duofuduo (Fushun) Technology Development Co., Ltd. ().

       

F-53

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

10.

Investments in jointly controlled entities/associates (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Investments in associates

     
   

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, associates of the Group, all of which are unlisted, are as follows:

     
             

Effective

             

equity

     

Place of

   

Business

interest

     

incorporation

 

Registered       

nature and

held

     

and

Legal

and fully       

scope of


   

Name

operation

status

paid capital       

operations

2009

2010

   








                 
   

ABC-CA Fund Management

PRC

Limited

200,000      

Investments

15%

15%

   

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

       
   

    ()

 

company

       
   

   (Note (i))

           
   

Jiaozuo Coal Group Xinxiang

PRC

Limited

800,000      

Coal production

8.7%

7.2%

   

   (Zhaogu) Energy Corporation

 

liability

       
   

    Co., Ltd.

 

company

       
   

   (

           
   

   )

           
   

   (Note (ii))

           
   

Jiaozuo Wanfang Industry

PRC

Limited

10,000      

Sales of construction

8.7%

7.2%

   

    Co., Ltd.

 

liability

 

    materials and other goods

   
   

   ()

 

company

       
   

   (Note (ii))

           
   

Duofuduo(Fushun) Technology

PRC

Limited

66,660      

Manufacture and distribution

-

45.0%

   

    Development Co., Ltd

 

liability

 

    of fluoride products

   
   

   ()

 

company

       
   

Henan Zhongfu Special

PRC

Limited

Registered      

Manufacture and distribution

-

23.4%

   

    Aluminum Co., Ltd

 

liability

capital      

    of aluminum fabrication

   
   

   ()

 

company

769,000      

    products

   
         

Paid-in-capital      

     
         

251,088      

     
   








                 
   

The English names of associates represent the best effort by the management of the Group in translating their Chinese names as they do not have any official English names.

     
   

Notes:

     
   

(i)

The Company exercises significant influence over ABC-CA Fund Management Co., Ltd. through its appointment of a director into the board of directors of ABC-CA Fund Management Co., Ltd.

       
   

(ii)

Jiaozuo Wanfang Industry Co., Ltd. and Jiaozuo Coal Group Xinxiang (Zhaogu) Energy Corporation Co., Ltd. are associate companies of the Group's 24.002% (2009: 29%) subsidiary, Jiaozuo Wanfang, in which it holds a 30% (2009: 30%) direct equity interest. As of December 31, 2010, the Group's effective interest in these associate companies decreased from 8.7% to 7.2% as a result of the partial disposal of Jiaozuo Wanfang (Note 2.2).

       
   

For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, the Group's shares of interests in its associates are as follows:

     
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Assets

603,273

1,761,469

   

Liabilities

(406,203)

(548,861)

   

Revenue

459,605

998,846

   

Profit for the year

77,056

240,028

   




         

F-54

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

11.

Available-for-sale financial assets

   
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1,

38,214

56,313

 

Additions

20,000

-

 

Disposals

(283)

(10,065)

 

Fair value changes

(1,618)

(1,370)

 




       
 

As of December 31,

56,313

44,878

 




       
 

In December 2010, the Group disposed all its 5% equity interest in China Aluminum International Engineering Corporation Limited, a fellow subsidiary of the Company, to its parent company at a cash consideration of approximately RMB165 million (2009: nil). The disposal resulted a gain of RMB155 million (2009: nil) (Note 27(b)).

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, all (2009: RMB55 million) are unlisted securities in the PRC. All available-for-sale financial assets are denominated in RMB (2009: all in RMB).

   

12.

Deferred income tax

   
 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current income tax assets against current income tax liabilities and when the deferred income taxes relate to the same tax authority. As of December 31, 2010, the analysis of deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Deferred income tax assets:

   
 

- Deferred income tax assets to be recovered after more than 12 months

767,915

404,650

 

- Deferred income tax assets to be recovered within 12 months

879,325

1,006,131

 




       
   

1,647,240

1,410,781

 




       
 

Deferred income tax liabilities:

   
 

- Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled after more than 12 months

31,600

-

 

- Deferred income tax liabilities to be settled within 12 months

2,935

-

 




       
   

34,535

-

 




       
   

1,612,705

1,410,781

 




       
 

The movements in deferred income tax are as follows:

   
       
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1,

663,768

1,612,705

 

Recognition in other comprehensive income

244

215

 

Recognition in reserve

-

(110,402)

 

Recognition in profit or loss

948,693

(91,737)

 




       
 

As of December 31,

1,612,705

1,410,781

 




       

F-55

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

12.

Deferred income tax (Continued)

   
 

The movements in deferred income tax assets and liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows:

   
 

Movement of deferred income tax assets:

   
         

Tax deduction

         
   

Provision for

   

on purchases of

         
   

impairment of

Impairment of

 

domestically

 

Unrealized

Reversal of

   
   

receivables and

property, plant

Accrued

manufactured

Deductible

profit at

asset

   
   

inventories

and equipment

expenses

equipment

tax losses

consolidation

revaluation

Others

Total

 











                     
 

As of January 1, 2009

229,789

23,115

3,714

280,297

211,845

19,030

60,366

53,359

881,515

 

Recognition in profit or loss

(157,436)

115,607

79,242

(220,205)

1,089,638

20,845

(6,936)

15,998

936,753

 











                     
 

As of December 31, 2009

72,353

138,722

82,956

60,092

1,301,483

39,875

53,430

69,357

1,818,268

 

Recognition in reserve

-

-

-

-

(110,402)

-

-

-

(110,402)

 

Recognition in profit or loss

2,851

(51,000)

57,615

(51,166)

(126,402)

31,702

(27,238)

(7,964)

(171,602)

 











                     
 

As of December 31, 2010

75,204

87,722

140,571

8,926

1,064,679

71,577

26,192

61,393

1,536,264

 











                     

F-56

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

12.

Deferred income tax (Continued)

   
 

Movement of deferred income tax liabilities:

   
     

Fair value

Depreciation

     
     

changes of

of property,

Amortization

   
   

Interest

financial

plant and

of intangible

   
   

capitalization

assets

equipment

assets

Others

Total

 








               
 

As of January 1, 2009

133,230

448

27,998

2,020

54,051

217,747

 

Recognition in other comprehensive income

-

(244)

-

-

-

(244)

 

Recognition in profit or loss

(5,973)

17

6,618

674

(13,276)

(11,940)

 








               
 

As of December 31, 2009

127,257

221

34,616

2,694

40,775

205,563

 

Recognition in other comprehensive income

-

(215)

-

-

-

(215)

 

Recognition in profit or loss

(5,902)

2,570

(34,616)

(2,694)

(39,223)

(79,865)

 








               
 

As of December 31, 2010

121,355

2,576

-

-

1,552

125,483

 








               
 

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that the realization of the related tax benefit through future taxable profits is probable. The Group has not recognized deferred income tax assets of RMB529 million (2009: RMB468 million) in respect of accumulated tax losses amounting to RMB2,117 million (2009: RMB1,871 million) that can be carried forward against future taxable income as it was not considered probable that those assets would be realized. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the expiry profile of these tax losses are analyzed as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Expiring in

   
 

2011

16,270

16,270

 

2012

279,094

279,094

 

2013

397,956

397,956

 

2014

1,177,855

971,634

 

2015

-

451,856

 




       
 

Total

1,871,175

2,116,810

 




       

F-57

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

13.

Other non-current assets

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Advances and deposits to suppliers

237,555

164,745

 

Other prepayments

163,572

139,454

 




       
   

401,127

304,199

 




       

14.

Inventories

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Raw materials

8,635,393

9,498,670

 

Work-in-progress

4,863,109

5,710,686

 

Finished goods

5,944,645

5,632,858

 

Spare parts

1,045,263

1,033,063

 

Packaging materials and others

9,139

13,366

 




       
   

20,497,549

21,888,643

 

Less: provision for impairment of inventories

(74,322)

(108,596)

 




       
   

20,423,227

21,780,047

 




       
 

Note:

   
 

The Group classifies all alumina products manufactured by group companies which are held for primary aluminum production of other group companies as 'raw materials' at balance sheet date. Prior to 2010, the Group classifies all alumina product manufactured by group companies as 'finished goods'. Accordingly, the above 2009 comparative figures were reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

   
 

Movements on the provision for impairment of inventories are as follows:

   
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1,

984,489

74,322

 

Provision for impairment of inventories

33,756

360,889

 

Reversal arising from increase in net realisable value

-

(199,305)

 

Reversal upon sales of inventories

(943,923)

(127,310)

 




       
 

As of December 31,

74,322

108,596

 




       

F-58

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

Trade and notes receivable

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Trade receivables

1,840,813

1,689,469

 

Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(423,362)

(401,066)

 




       
   

1,417,451

1,288,403

 

Notes receivable

1,785,631

1,981,570

 




       
   

3,203,082

3,269,973

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2010, except for trade and notes receivable of the Group amounting to RMB530 million (2009: RMB739 million) and RMB8 million (2009: RMB6 million) which denominated in USD and EUR respectively, all other trade and notes receivable were denominated in RMB.

   
 

Certain of the Group's sales were on advanced payments or documents against payment. In respect of sales to large and long-established customers, subject to negotiation, generally a credit period from 3 to 12 months may be granted. The credit terms for sales to certain subsidiaries of Chinalco are receivable on demand. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the ageing analysis of trade and notes receivable is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Within 1 year

3,062,131

3,148,858

 

Between 1 and 2 years

89,570

33,477

 

Between 2 and 3 years

27,595

54,716

 

Over 3 years

447,148

433,988

 




       
   

3,626,444

3,671,039

 




       
 

The credit quality of trade and notes receivable that are neither past due nor impaired is assessed by reference to the counterparty's default history. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, there is no history of default for these customers above.

   

F-59

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

15.

Trade and notes receivable (Continued)

   
 

Trade and notes receivable that are past due less than one year are not considered impaired. As of December 31, 2010, trade and notes receivable of RMB103 million (2009: RMB131 million) of the Group were past due but not impaired. These receivables relate to a number of individual customers for whom there is no recent history of default. The ageing analysis of these trade and notes receivable is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Within 1 year

25,478

13,610

 

Between 1 and 2 years

78,040

33,117

 

Between 2 and 3 years

11,597

41,290

 

Over 3 years

15,868

15,214

 




       
   

130,983

103,231

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2010, trade and notes receivable of RMB432 million (2009: RMB447 million) of the Group were substantially impaired and a provision of RMB401 million (2009: RMB423 million) was made. The individually impaired receivables mainly relate to customers which are in unexpected difficult economic situations. However, it was assessed that a small portion of the receivables is expected to be recovered. The ageing of these receivables is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Between 2 and 3 years

15,998

13,426

 

Over 3 years

431,280

418,774

 




       
   

447,278

432,200

 




       
 

Movements on the provision for impairment of trade and notes receivable are as follows:

   
       
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1,

421,862

423,362

 

Provision for impairment

20,690

4,000

 

Written off

(13,248)

(25,680)

 

Reversal

(5,942)

(616)

 




       
 

As of December 31,

423,362

401,066

 




       

F-60

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

Other current assets

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Advances and deposits to suppliers

395,457

328,864

 

Advances to employees

33,822

35,179

 

Value-added tax recoverable

1,587,023

1,769,908

 

Receivable of value-added tax refund

89,073

141,511

 

Receivables from sales of non-core businesses

134,585

134,334

 

Deposits for investments projects (Note)

255,054

854,809

 

Loans and receivables

381,804

282,437

 

Others

217,686

170,748

 




       
   

3,094,504

3,717,790

 




       
 

Less: provision for impairment of other receivables

(221,332)

(186,553)

 




       
   

2,873,172

3,531,237

 

Prepaid income tax

291,507

304,239

 

Prepayments to suppliers for purchases

1,684,065

2,304,493

 




       
 

Total other current assets

4,848,744

6,139,969

 




       
 

Note:

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, deposits for investments projects mainly represent deposits paid for the proposed acquisition of certain business and assets related to coal and bauxite mines amounting to RMB640 million and RMB210 million, respectively.

   
 

As of December 31, 2009, deposits for investments projects mainly represent deposits paid for the proposed acquisitions of Fushun Power Plant and certain assets of other companies. As the proposed acquisitions did not implement according to the framework agreement, the entire deposits amounting to RMB255 million were refunded in February 2010.

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, except for other current assets of the Group amounting to RMB0.04 million (2009: RMB7.40 million), RMB3 million (2009: RMB0.5 million) and RMB7 million (2009: RMB0.5 million) which denominated in USD, HKD and AUD respectively, all other current assets were denominated in RMB.

   
 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the ageing analysis of other receivables is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Within 1 year

2,665,489

3,380,547

 

Between 1 and 2 years

123,717

114,525

 

Between 2 and 3 years

17,574

9,871

 

Over 3 years

287,724

212,847

 




       
   

3,094,504

3,717,790

 




       

F-61

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

16.

Other current assets (Continued)

   
 

The credit quality of other receivables that are neither past due nor impaired is assessed by reference to the counterparty's default history.

   
 

Other receivables that are past due less than one year are generally not considered impaired. As of December 31, 2010, other receivables of RMB46 million (2009: RMB72 million) of the Group were past due but not impaired. The credit terms of these receivables were repayment on demand. The ageing analysis of these other receivables is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Within 1 year

18,727

4,642

 

Between 1 and 2 years

14,758

9,456

 

Between 2 and 3 years

9,182

9,410

 

Over 3 years

29,362

22,157

 




       
   

72,029

45,665

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2010, other receivables of RMB191 million (2009: RMB265 million) of the Group were impaired and a provision of RMB187 million (2009: RMB221 million) was made. It was assessed that a portion of the receivables is expected to be recovered. The ageing of these receivables is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Between 2 and 3 years

7,033

59

 

Over 3 years

258,362

190,690

 




       
   

265,395

190,749

 




       
 

Movements on the provision for impairment of other receivables are as follows:

   
       
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1

224,544

221,332

 

Provision for impairment

844

28,206

 

Written off

(2,004)

(60,400)

 

Reversal

(2,052)

(2,585)

 




       
 

As of December 31

221,332

186,553

 




       

F-62

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

17.

Bank balance and cash

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Restricted cash

365,409

462,935

 

Time deposits

91,941

50,000

 

Cash and cash equivalents

7,401,410

8,982,710

 




       
   

7,858,760

9,495,645

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, restricted cash mainly represented deposits held for issued letters of credit and notes payable (Note 23).

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, the annual effective interest rate of the above time deposits was 2.75% (2009: 5.00%) with average maturity of one year (2009: one year).

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, bank balances and cash on hand of the Group were denominated in the following currencies.

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

RMB

7,540,715

9,054,616

 

USD

103,754

303,253

 

HKD

46,822

31,131

 

EUR

2,380

3,003

 

AUD

165,089

103,642

 




       
   

7,858,760

9,495,645

 




       

18.

Share capital

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

A shares

9,580,522

9,580,522

 

H shares

3,943,966

3,943,966

 




       
   

13,524,488

13,524,488

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, all issued shares are registered and fully paid. Both A shares and H shares rank pari passu to each other.

   
 

Of the total issued A shares, the trading of the 5,649,217,045 A shares (2009: 5,649,217,045 A shares) held by Chinalco and its subsidiaries are subject to the Trading Moratorium and the Terms of the Trading Moratorium. Accordingly, these shares can only be traded after a lock-up period of 3-year, which expired on January 4, 2011.

   

F-63

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

19.

Reserves

   
 

(i)

Share premium

     
   

Included in share premium are mainly premium on issuance shares and reserves resulting from acquisitions of common control entities.

     
 

(ii)

Other capital reserves

     
   

Other capital reserves mainly represent national debt fund reserve granted to certain branches and subsidiaries of the Company by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC ("MOF") to support various qualified technical projects of the Group. Pursuant to the relevant MOF documents, these funds were accounted for as a capital injection into the Company after all necessary share increase conditions are satisfied. These funds are mainly regarded as capital reserve before the relevant share increase conditions are met.

     
 

(iii)

Statutory surplus reserve

     
   

Pursuant to the Company Law of the PRC, articles of association and board resolutions of the Company, the Company provides 10% from its net profit for the year determined in accordance with China Accounting Standards for the statutory surplus reserve until the balance of this reserve reaches 50% of the paid-up share capital. Statutory surplus reserve can be used to reduce any losses incurred or to increase share capital of the Company. Statutory surplus reserve balance should not fall below 25% of the registered capital after any such shares issuance.

     
 

(iv)

Special reserve

     
   

Special reserve mainly represents funds set aside for the purpose of certain safety production activities. Pursuant to certain regulations issued by the State Administration of Work Safety of the PRC, the Group is required to set aside funds mainly for mining of bauxite and coal, coal gas production and construction service activities at prescribed rates. These funds can be used for maintenance and/or improvements of safety of these activities, and is not available for distribution to shareholders.

     

F-64

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

Borrowings

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Long-term borrowings

   
 

Bank and other loans (Note (a))

   
 

- Secured (Note 24)

798,627

705,405

 

- Guaranteed (Note (e))

4,250,715

2,883,313

 

- Unsecured

23,676,379

20,483,474

 




       
   

28,725,721

24,072,192

 




       
 

Medium-term notes and long-term bonds (Note (b))

   
 

- Guaranteed (Note (e))

1,983,983

1,986,133

 

- Unsecured

9,921,250

11,923,820

 




       
   

11,905,233

13,909,953

 




       
 

Total long-term borrowings

40,630,954

37,982,145

       
 

Current portion of long-term borrowings

(2,826,472)

(10,258,278)

 




       
 

Non-current portion of long-term borrowings

37,804,482

27,723,867

 




       
 

Estimated fair value of total long-term borrowings

40,785,144

37,886,755

 




       
 

Short-term borrowings

   
 

Bank loans (Note (c))

   
 

- Secured (Note 24)

645,000

215,000

 

- Guaranteed (Note (e))

880,000

1,225,000

 

- Unsecured

21,468,285

19,149,680

 




       
   

22,993,285

20,589,680

       
 

Short-term bonds, unsecured (Note (d))

-

10,871,911

 




       
 

Current portion of long-term borrowings

2,826,472

10,258,278

 




       
 

Total short-term borrowings and

   
 

   current portion of long-term borrowings

25,819,757

41,719,869

 




       

F-65

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

Borrowings (Continued)

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, except for borrowings of the Group amounting to RMB50 million (2009: RMB49 million) and RMB938 million (2009: RMB299 million) which denominated in JPY and USD respectively, all other borrowings were denominated in RMB.

   
 

Notes:

   
 

(a)

Long-term bank and other loans

     
   

The maturity of long-term bank and other loans of the Group are set out below:

     
     

Bank and other

 
     

financial institution loans

Other loans

     



     

As of December 31,

As of December 31,

     



     

2009

2010

2009

2010

   






             
   

Within 1 year

2,775,641

5,252,402

50,831

12,126

   

Between 1 and 2 years

5,891,327

3,612,382

18,210

12,126

   

Between 2 and 5 years

13,861,595

11,420,768

54,629

36,377

   

Over 5 years

5,999,298

3,673,783

74,190

52,228

   






             
     

28,527,861

23,959,335

197,860

112,857

   






             
   

Wholly repayable within 5 years

21,958,438

19,788,446

-

-

   






             
   

The weighted average annual interest rates of long-term bank and other loans for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 are 5.28% and 5.25%, respectively.

     
 

(b)

Medium-term notes and long-term bonds

     
   

Outstanding long-term bonds and medium-term notes are summarized as follows:

     
       

Effective

As of December 31,

     

Face value/

interest


     

maturity

rate

2009

2010

   






             
   

2007 long-term bonds

2,000,000/2017

4.64%

1,983,983

1,986,133

   

2008 medium-term notes

5,000,000/2011

5.62%

4,978,750

4,993,750

   

2008 medium-term notes

5,000,000/2013

4.92%

4,942,500

4,957,500

   

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.34%

-

986,381

   

2010 medium-term notes

1,000,000/2015

4.20%

-

986,189

   






             
         

11,905,233

13,909,953

   






             

F-66

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

Borrowings (Continued)

   
 

Notes: (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Medium-term notes and long-term bonds (Continued)

     
   

Long-term bonds and medium-term notes were issued for capital expenditure purposes and operating cash flows and bank loans re-financing, respectively.

     
 

(c)

Short-term bank loans

     
   

The weighted average annual interest rates of short-term bank loans for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 are 4.96% and 4.55%, respectively.

     
 

(d)

Short-term bonds

     
   

Outstanding short-term bonds are summarized as follows:

     
       

Effective

As of December 31,

     

Face value/

interest


     

maturity

rate

2009

2010

   






             
   

2010 short-term bonds

5,000,000/2011

3.04%

-

5,101,634

   

2010 short-term bonds

5,000,000/2011

3.17%

-

5,070,277

   

2010 short-term bonds

300,000/2011

3.70%

-

300,000

   

2010 short-term bonds

400,000/2011

3.82%

-

400,000

   






             
         

-

10,871,911

   






             
   

All the above short-term bonds were issued for working capital.

     

F-67

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

20.

Borrowings (Continued)

   
 

Notes: (Continued)

   
 

(e)

Guaranteed long-term and short-term bank and other loans

     
   

Details of long-term and short-term bank and other loans in which the Group received guarantees are set out as follows:

     
     

As of December 31,

     


   

Guarantors

2009

2010

   




         
   

Long-term bonds

   
   

Bank of Communications ()

1,983,983

1,986,133

   




         
   

Long-term loans

   
   

Chinalco

2,315,760

1,581,301

   

Shanxi Zhangze Electric Power Co., Ltd.

   
   

   ()

   
   

   (Note (ii))

400,000

-

   

Luoyang Economic Investment Co., Ltd.

   
   

    ("Luoyang Economic")

   
   

    ()

   
   

    (Note (ii))

101,111

98,832

   

Lanzhou Aluminum Factory

   
   

   ()

   
   

   (Note (i))

92,354

36,200

   

Yichuan Power Industrial Group Company

   
   

   ("Yichuan Power")

   
   

   ()

   
   

    (Note (ii))

70,115

58,595

   

Luoyang Longquan Aluminum Products Co., Ltd.

   
   

   ()

   
   

   (Note (ii))

57,000

51,300

   

China Nonferrous

44,375

37,085

   

The Company

1,170,000

1,020,000

   




         
     

4,250,715

2,883,313

   




         
   

Short-term loans

   
   

Chinalco

180,000

1,225,000

   

The Company

700,000

-

   




         
     

880,000

1,225,000

   




         
   

Notes:

     
   

(i)

Guarantor is a subsidiary of Chinalco and a shareholder of the Company.

       
   

(ii)

Guarantors are non-controlling shareholders of certain subsidiaries of the Company.

       
   

(iii)

Guarantor is a subsidiary of Chinalco.

       

F-68

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

21.

Other non-current liabilities

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Advances from customers

68,847

-

 

Obligations in relation to early retirement schemes

231,273

208,378

 

Others

225,034

469,392

 




       
   

525,154

677,770

 




       
 

Obligations in relation to early retirement schemes:

   
 

During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, certain subsidiaries and branches implemented certain early retirement benefit schemes which allow qualified employees to early retire on a voluntary basis. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, included in 'other non-current liabilities' were obligations in relation to retirement benefits under the Group's early retirement schemes as follows:

   
   

2009

2010

 




       
 

As of January 1,

24,757

303,205

 

Provision made during the year

   
 

   (Note 29)

284,562

69,072

 

Interest costs

-

5,778

 

Utilization during the year

(6,114)

(85,193)

 




       
 

As of December 31,

303,205

292,862

 




       
 

Non-current

231,273

208,378

 

Current (Note 22)

71,932

84,484

 




       
   

303,205

292,862

 




       

F-69

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

22.

Other payables and accrued expenses

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Payable for capital expenditures

4,382,597

4,201,502

 

Sales and other deposits from customers

1,679,594

1,215,080

 

Accrued payroll and bonus

8,677

353,292

 

Staff welfare payables

192,826

159,579

 

Contribution payable for retirement benefits

45,268

38,640

 

Current portion of obligation in relation to early retirement schemes (Note 21)

71,932

84,484

 

Taxes other than income taxes payable (Note)

353,547

391,074

 

Consideration payable for acquisition of businesses

13,497

5,740

 

Payables withheld as guarantees and deposits

157,817

177,568

 

Dividends payable

115,978

89,272

 

Accrued interest

338,476

359,990

 

Others

567,779

456,848

 




       
   

7,927,988

7,533,069

 




       
 

Note:

   
 

Taxes other than income taxes payable mainly comprise accruals for value-added tax, resource tax, city construction tax and education surcharge.

   
 

As of December 31, 2010, except for other payables and accrued expenses of the Group amounting to RMB2 million (2009: RMB2 million), RMB1 million (2009: nil) and RMB7 million (2009: RMB16 million) which denominated in HKD, EUR and AUD respectively, all other other payables and accrued expenses were denominated in RMB.

   

23.

Trade and notes payable

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Trade payables

4,440,736

4,339,300

 

Notes payable

1,731,707

2,037,042

 




       
   

6,172,443

6,376,342

 




       
 

As of December 31, 2010, except for trade and notes payable of the Group amounting to RMB41 million (2009: RMB70 million) and RMB1 million (2009: RMB54 million) which denominated in USD and EUR respectively, all other trade and notes payable were denominated in RMB.

   

F-70

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

23.

Trade and notes payable (Continued)

   
 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the ageing analysis of trade and notes payable is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Within 1 year

5,892,834

6,152,987

 

Between 1 and 2 years

212,488

68,421

 

Between 2 and 3 years

31,131

117,265

 

Over 3 years

35,990

37,669

 




       
   

6,172,443

6,376,342

 




       

24.

Pledge of assets

   
 

The Group has pledged various assets as collateral against certain secured borrowings as set out in Note 20. As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, a summary of these pledged assets is as follows:

   
   

As of December 31,

   


   

2009

2010

 




       
 

Property, plant and equipment

1,711,957

1,116,883

 

Land use rights

320,055

126,153

 

Inventories

57,500

45,000

 

Trade and notes receivable

15,000

55,000

 




       
   

2,104,512

1,343,036

 




       

25.

Selling and distribution expenses

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Transportation and loading expenses

1,058,062

812,479

1,090,831

 

Packaging expenses

202,116

145,518

180,523

 

Port expenses

62,121

71,418

59,429

 

Employee benefit expenses

39,267

36,954

37,799

 

Sales commissions and other handling fees

17,719

22,123

12,990

 

Warehouse and other storage fees

27,412

32,273

30,119

 

Marketing and advertising expenses

16,406

12,253

14,818

 

Depreciation of non-production property,

     
 

   plant and equipment (Note 8)

5,260

6,992

9,337

 

Others

134,478

124,910

137,455

 





         
   

1,562,841

1,264,920

1,573,301

 





         

F-71

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

26.

General and administrative expenses

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Employee benefit expenses

633,986

1,025,009

840,371

 

Taxes other than income tax expense (Note)

573,885

546,810

614,704

 

Depreciation of non-production property,

     
 

   plant and equipment (Note 8)

225,903

238,174

207,075

 

Amortization of land use rights and

     
 

   leasehold land (Note 9)

46,501

47,522

58,745

 

Amortization of intangible assets (Note 7)

15,085

22,505

14,993

 

Operating lease rental expenses

201,754

198,975

106,098

 

Traveling and entertainment

164,131

125,686

141,472

 

Utilities and office supplies

90,969

78,850

82,737

 

Pollutants discharge fees

26,025

40,230

33,985

 

Repairs and maintenance

76,271

48,644

43,911

 

Insurance expense

68,595

81,424

79,513

 

Auditors' remuneration

39,351

30,636

25,698

 

Legal and other professional fees

38,403

46,451

23,370

 

Others

306,152

425,590

351,068

 





         
   

2,507,011

2,956,506

2,623,740

 





         
 

Note:

   
 

Taxes other than income tax expense mainly comprise land use tax, property tax and stamp duty.

   

27.

Other income and other gains, net

   
 

(a)

Other income

     
   

For the year ended December 31, 2010, other income represented government grants amounting to RMB329 million (2008: RMB101 million; 2009: RMB151 million).

     
 

(b)

Other gains/(losses), net

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Realized gain on future and option contracts, net

288,778

456,337

248,799

   

Unrealized (loss)/gain on future and option contracts, net

(21,450)

(34,012)

56,440

   

(Loss)/gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment

(59,150)

(27,344)

29,324

   

Gain on disposal of available-for-sale financial assets

-

5,827

156,066

   

Others

4,662

3,028

395

   





           
     

212,840

403,836

491,024

   





           

F-72

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

28.

Finance costs, net

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Finance income - interest income from banks

(193,091)

(125,139)

(91,109)

 





         
 

Interest expense, net of capitalized interest (Note 8)

1,864,888

2,299,780

2,575,661

 

Exchange losses/(gains), net

37,870

(36,816)

10,632

 





         
 

Finance cost

1,902,758

2,262,964

2,586,293

 





         
 

Finance cost, net

1,709,667

2,137,825

2,495,184

 





         
 

Interest capitalization rate

6.77%

5.30%

4.77%

 





         

29.

Employee benefit expenses

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Salaries and bonus

3,782,078

3,992,582

4,231,627

 

Housing fund

365,166

355,305

339,615

 

Staff welfare and other expenses (Note)

802,090

773,575

747,314

 

Employment expense in relation to

     
 

   early retirement schemes (Note 21)

1,277

284,562

69,072

 

Retirement benefit costs-defined

     
 

   contribution schemes

762,196

809,877

695,866

 





         
   

5,712,807

6,215,901

6,083,494

 





         
 

Note:

   
 

Staff welfare and other expenses include staff welfare, staff union expenses, staff education expenses and unemployment insurance expenses, etc.

   
 

Employee benefit expenses include remuneration payables to directors, supervisors and senior management as set out in Note 30.

   

F-73

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

30.

Directors', supervisors and senior management's remuneration

   
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration

     
   

The aggregate amounts of remuneration payables to directors and supervisors of the Company during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 are as follows:

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Fees

947

994

870

   

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances and benefits in kind

2,606

2,536

2,099

   

Discretionary bonus

1,121

1,055

929

   

Retirement benefit costs-defined contribution schemes

115

131

113

   





           
     

4,789

4,716

4,011

   





           
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2008 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors

   

Discretionary

   
   

and supervisors

Fees

Salary

bonus

Pension

Total

   







               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiao Yaqing

-

684

374

23

1,081

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

572

312

23

907

   

Chen Jihua

-

468

169

23

660

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

468

169

23

660

   

Shi Chungui

150

-

-

-

150

   

Kang Yi

214

-

-

-

214

   

Poon Yiu Kin, Samuel

         
   

    (resigned on May 9, 2008)

84

-

-

-

84

   

Zhang Zhuoyuan

214

-

-

-

214

   

Zhu Demiao

         
   

   (appointed on May 9, 2008)

143

-

-

-

143

   

Wang Mengkui

         
   

   (appointed on May 9, 2008)

142

-

-

-

142

   







               
     

947

2,192

1,024

92

4,255

   







               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Ao Hong

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

414

97

23

534

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   







               
     

-

414

97

23

534

   







               
   

Total

947

2,606

1,121

115

4,789

   







               

F-74

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

30.

Directors', supervisors and senior management's remuneration (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2009 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors

   

Discretionary

   
   

and supervisors

Fees

Salary

bonus

Pension

Total

   







               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiong Weiping

         
   

   (appointed on May 26, 2009)

-

382

191

16

589

   

Xiao Yaqing

         
   

   (resigned on March 27, 2009)

-

271

137

11

419

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

560

293

26

879

   

Chen Jihua

-

469

169

26

664

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

469

169

26

664

   

Shi Chungui

150

-

-

-

150

   

Kang Yi

211

-

-

-

211

   

Zhang Zhuoyuan

211

-

-

-

211

   

Wang Mengkui

211

-

-

-

211

   

Zhu Demiao

211

-

-

-

211

   







               
     

994

2,151

959

105

4,209

   







               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Ao Hong

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

385

96

26

507

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   







               
     

-

385

96

26

507

   







               
   

Total

994

2,536

1,055

131

4,716

   







               

F-75

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

30.

Directors', supervisors and senior management's remuneration (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

The remuneration of each director and supervisor of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2010 is set out below:

     
   

Name of directors

   

Discretionary

   
   

and supervisors

Fees

Salary

bonus

Pension

Total

   







               
   

Directors:

         
   

Xiong Weiping

-

648

328

29

1,005

   

Luo Jianchuan

-

556

285

29

870

   

Chen Jihua

         
   

   (resigned on October 28, 2010)

-

428

151

26

605

   

Liu Xiangmin

-

467

165

29

661

   

Shi Chungui

150

-

-

-

150

   

Lv Youqing

         
   

   (appointed on June 22, 2010)

-

-

-

-

-

   

Kang Yi

         
   

   (resigned on June 22, 2010)

99

-

-

-

99

   

Zhang Zhuoyuan

207

-

-

-

207

   

Zhu Demiao

207

-

-

-

207

   

Wang Mengkui

207

-

-

-

207

   







               
     

870

2,099

929

113

4,011

   







               
   

Supervisors:

         
   

Ao Hong

-

-

-

-

-

   

Yuan Li

-

-

-

-

-

   

Zhang Zhankui

-

-

-

-

-

   







               
     

-

-

-

-

-

   







               
   

Total

870

2,099

929

113

4,011

   







               
   

The remuneration of the directors and supervisors of the Company fell within the following bands:

     
     

Number of individuals

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

nil to 1,000

12

13

12

   

1,000 to 1,500

1

-

1

   





           

F-76

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

30.

Directors', supervisors and senior management's remuneration (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Directors' and supervisors' remuneration (Continued)

     
   

During the year, no options were granted to the directors or the supervisors of the Company (2008 and 2009: nil).

     
   

During the year, no emoluments were paid to the directors or the supervisors of the Company (including the five highest paid employees) as an inducement to join or upon joining the Company or as compensation for loss of office (2008 and 2009: nil).

     
   

No directors or supervisors of the Company waived any remuneration during the respective years.

     
 

(b)

Five highest paid individuals

     
   

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the five highest paid individuals of the Group include 3 (2008: 4; 2009: 3) directors whose remunerations are reflected in the analysis presented above. The remuneration payable to the remaining 2 (2008: 1; 2009: 2) individual during the year is as follows:

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Basic salaries, housing fund,

     
   

   other allowances and benefits in kind

468

936

935

   

Discretionary bonus

169

339

330

   

Retirement benefit costs-

     
   

   defined contribution plans

23

49

52

   





           
     

660

1,324

1,317

   





           

31.

Income tax (benefit)/expense

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Current income tax expense:

     
 

- PRC enterprise income tax

272,758

237,690

319,479

 

Deferred income tax (benefit)/expense (Note 12)

(306,930)

(948,693)

91,737

 





         
   

(34,172)

(711,003)

411,216

 





         

F-77

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

Income tax (benefit)/expense (Continued)

   
 

The current income tax of the Group has been provided on the estimated assessable profit and the appropriate tax rates for the period. Certain branches and subsidiaries of the Company located in special regions of the PRC were granted tax concessions including preferential tax rates of 15% for a period of 10 years. In addition, the Group also enjoys a preferential policy on tax credits approved in prior years in respect of domestically manufactured production equipment purchased.

   
 

Upon the implementation of the new Corporate Income Tax Law ("CIT Law") from January 1, 2008, the applicable corporate income tax rate of the Group was adjusted to 25%. However, for those branches and subsidiaries of the Company which were entitled to a preferential rate of 15%, their income tax rate gradually increase to 25% over 5 years, while those entities located in the western region of China continue to enjoy the applicable preferential income tax rate of 15% without any upward adjustment before 2011, but will change to 25% thereafter.

   
 

Deferred income tax is calculated in full on temporary differences under the liability method using tax rates substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.

   
 

The tax on the Group's profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate applicable to profit/(loss) of the consolidated entities as follows:

   
   

For the years ended December 31,

   


   

2008

2009

2010

 





         
 

Profit /(loss) before income tax

134,457

(5,390,597)

1,380,354

 

Tax expense/(benefit) calculated at standard

     
 

   income tax rate of 25% (2008 and 2009: 25%)

33,614

(1,347,649)

345,089

 

Tax effects of:

     
 

   Preferential income tax rates applicable

     
 

      to certain branches and subsidiaries

(11,897)

63,925

(37,288)

 

   Impact of change on income tax rate

-

-

54,252

 

    Tax losses for which no deferred income

     
 

      tax assets were recognized (Note 12)

99,489

294,464

110,015

 

    Utilization of previously unrecognized

     
 

      tax losses and expenses

(43,803)

-

(48,606)

 

    Tax credit for purchases of qualified domestic-made

     
 

      equipment (recognized)/not recognized (Note 12)

(92,397)

220,205

-

 

    Tax incentive in relation to deduction

     
 

      limits of certain expenses

(20,559)

(23,777)

(13,267)

 

   Income not subject to tax

(14,714)

(9,420)

(147,484)

 

   Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

16,095

91,249

148,505

 





         
 

Income tax (benefit)/expense

(34,172)

(711,003)

411,216

 





         
 

Weighted average effective tax rate

(25.42%)

13.19%

29.79%

 





         
 

Share of income tax expense of associates and jointly controlled entities of RMB77 million (2008: RMB5 million; 2009: RMB27 million) and RMB23 million (2008 and 2009: nil) were included in 'shares of profits of associate' and 'shares of profits of jointly controlled entities', respectively.

   

F-78

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

31.

Income tax (benefit)/expense (Continued)

   
 

The change of the weighted average effective tax rate from 2008 to 2009 is mainly caused by a change in the profitability of the Group's subsidiaries and branches and the certain tax credits in respect of purchase qualified domestic-made equipment were not recognized.

   
 

The change of the weighted average effective tax rate from 2009 to 2010 is mainly caused by certain tax losses for which no deferred income tax assets were recognized.

   

32.

Earnings/(losses) per share

   
 

(a)

Basic

     
   

Basic earnings/(losses) per share is calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year.

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Profit/(loss) attributable to equity

     
   

   holders of the Company (RMB)

19,485,000

(4,642,894,000)

778,008,000

   





           
   

Weighted average number of ordinary

     
   

   shares in issue

13,524,487,892

13,524,487,892

13,524,487,892

   





           
   

Basic earnings/(losses) per share (RMB)

0.0014

(0.34)

0.06

   





           
 

(b)

Diluted

     
   

Basic earnings/(losses) per share for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 is the same as the diluted earnings/(losses) per share as there are no dilutive potential shares.

     

33.

Dividends

   
 

According to the articles of association of the Company, the Company considers the maximum limit of profit appropriation to its shareholders is the lower of:

   
 

(i)

the sum of current period net profit and opening retaining earnings in accordance with IFRS,

     
 

(ii)

the sum of current period net profit and opening retaining earnings in accordance with China Accounting Standards, and

     
 

(iii)

amount limited by the Company Law of the PRC.

     
 

No dividend was paid by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010. Total dividends declared and paid in 2008 were RMB1,420 million, of which RMB703 million related to 2008 with the remainder related to 2007.

   
 

A dividend in respect of the year ended December 31, 2010 of RMB0.0114 per ordinary share, amounting to a total dividend of RMB154 million (2008: RMB703 million; 2009: nil), is to be proposed at the forecoming annual general meeting. These financial statements do not reflect this dividend payable.

   

F-79

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

34.

Cash flows generated from /(used in) operating activities

   
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


   

Note

2008

2009

2010

 






           
 

Cash flows generated/(used in) from

       
 

   operating activities

       
           
 

Profit/(loss) before income tax

 

134,457

(5,390,597)

1,380,354

 

Share of (profits)/losses of jointly controlled entities

10(a)

(1,672)

50,392

(233,784)

 

Share of profits of associates

10(b)

(10,045)

(77,056)

(240,028)

 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

8

5,268,798

5,935,784

5,889,393

 

Net loss/(gain) on disposal of property,

       
 

   plant and equipment

27

59,150

27,344

(29,324)

 

Gain on disposals of available-for-sale

       
 

   financial assets

27

-

(5,827)

(156,066)

 

Impairment charge/write-off on property,

       
 

   plant and equipment

8

1,334

623,791

701,781

 

Amortization of intangible assets

7

52,947

65,991

67,577

 

Amortization of prepaid land use rights

9

46,501

47,522

58,745

 

Amortization of prepaid expenses

 

87,806

25,982

68,385

 

Realized and unrealized gain on futures

       
 

   and option contracts

27

(267,328)

(422,325)

(305,239)

 

Interest income

 

(6,364)

(4,785)

(4,879)

 

Interest expense

 

1,902,758

2,262,964

2,586,293

 

Others

 

(4,662)

(3,026)

(19,967)

 






           
     

7,263,680

3,136,154

9,763,241

 

Changes in working capital:

       
 

Increase in inventories

 

(3,856,926)

(512,804)

(1,356,821)

 

Decrease/(increase) in trade and

       
 

   notes receivable

 

2,023,502

(1,342,354)

(237,764)

 

Increase in other current assets

 

(1,303,371)

(650,380)

(515,519)

 

Increase in restricted cash

17

(104,213)

(122,656)

(97,526)

 

(Increase)/decrease in other non-current assets

 

(527,359)

391,040

72,809

 

(Decrease )/increase in trade and

       
 

   notes payable

 

(82,696)

1,585,853

53,100

 

Increase/(decrease) in other payables

       
 

   and accrued expenses

 

3,134,708

(2,967,557)

(252,088)

 

Decrease in other non-current liabilities

 

(14,759)

(21,878)

(25,102)

 






           
 

Cash generated from/(used in)

       
 

   operating activities

 

6,532,566

(504,582)

7,404,330

           
 

PRC enterprise income taxes paid

 

(1,508,582)

(201,372)

(300,471)

 






           
 

Net cash generated from/(used in)

       
 

   operating activities

 

5,023,984

(705,954)

7,103,859

 






           

F-80

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

Significant related party balances and transactions

   
 

The Company is controlled by Chinalco, the parent company and a state-owned enterprise established in the PRC. Chinalco itself is controlled by the PRC government, which also owns a significant portion of the productive assets in the PRC. In accordance with IAS 24 (revised), "Related Party Disclosures", government-related entities and their subsidiaries, directly or indirectly controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by the PRC government are defined as related parties of the Group. On that basis, related parties include Chinalco and its subsidiaries (other than the Group), other government-related entities and their subsidiaries ("other state-owned enterprises"), other entities and corporations in which the Company is able to control or exercise significant influence and key management personnel of the Company and Chinalco as well as their close family members.

   
 

For the purposes of the related party transaction disclosures, the directors of the Company believe that meaningful information in respect of related party transactions has been adequately disclosed.

   
 

In addition to the related party information and transactions disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the following is a summary of significant related party transactions entered in the ordinary course of business between the Group and its related parties during the years.

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions

     
       

For the years ended December 31,

       


     

Note

2008

2009

2010

   






             
   

Sales of goods and services rendered:

       
             
   

Sales of materials and finished goods, including:

(i)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

2,144,114

2,788,571

6,069,774

   

   Associates of Chinalco

 

20,263

3,596

31,869

   

   Jointly controlled entities

 

20,939

-

-

   

   Associates

 

3,274

396

-

   

    Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

      a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

5,492,508

3,638,739

4,452,683

   






             
       

7,681,098

6,431,302

10,554,326

   






             
   

Provision of utility services, including:

(ii)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

676,119

341,172

332,701

   

   Associates of Chinalco

 

5,461

9,572

8,156

   

    Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

      a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

44

1,510

-

   






             
       

681,624

352,254

340,857

   






             
   

Purchase of goods and services:

       
             
   

Purchase of engineering, construction

       
   

   and supervisory services from, including:

(iii)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

7,999,470

4,947,307

3,503,363

   

    Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

      a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

22,269

19,740

5,894

   






             
       

8,021,739

4,967,047

3,509,257

   






             

F-81

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

Significant related party balances and transactions (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
       

For the years ended December 31,

       


     

Note

2008

2009

2010

   






             
   

Purchase of goods and services: (Continued)

       
             
   

Purchases of key and auxiliary materials

       
   

   and finished goods from, including:

(iv)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

2,628,166

2,630,835

4,232,369

   

   Associates of Chinalco

 

59,832

74,818

323,835

   

   Jointly controlled entities

 

566,433

911,462

1,321,202

   

   Associates

 

6,260

4,665

1,458

   

   Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

      a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

3,277,579

2,595,829

2,483,173

   






             
       

6,538,270

6,217,609

8,362,037

   






             
   

Provision of social services and

       
   

   logistics services by, including:

(v)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

776,197

502,999

264,049

   

   Jointly controlled entities

 

25

-

-

   

    Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

      a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

2,010

5,565

475

   






             
       

778,232

508,564

264,524

   






             
   

Provision of utilities services by, including:

(ii)

     
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

 

413,972

212,312

163,708

   

   Associates of Chinalco

 

44,303

-

7,663

   

    Non-controlling shareholder of

       
   

   a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

 

67,477

73,369

100,952

   






             
       

525,752

285,681

272,323

   






             
   

Rental expenses for land use rights and

       
   

    buildings charged by Chinalco

       
   

   and its subsidiaries

(vi)

890,016

762,278

643,432

   






             
   

Commission processing by Chinalco

       
   

   and its subsidiaries

(i)

-

50,687

137,601

   






             

F-82

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

Significant related party balances and transactions (Continued)

   
 

(a)

Significant related party transactions (Continued)

     
   

During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, the Group's significant transactions with other state-owned enterprises (excluding Chinalco and its subsidiaries) are a large portion of its sales of goods and purchases of raw materials, electricity, property, plant and equipment and services. In addition, substantially all restricted cash, fixed deposits, cash and cash equivalents and borrowings as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the relevant interest earned or paid during the year are transacted with banks and other financial institutions controlled by the PRC government.

     
   

All transactions with related parties are conducted or prices and terms mutually agreed by the parties involved, and determined based on the following:

     
   

(i)

Sales of materials and finished goods comprised sales of alumina, primary aluminum, copper and scrap materials. Transactions entered are covered by general agreements on mutual provision of production supplies and ancillary services. The pricing policy is summarized below:

       
     

(1)

Adoption of the price prescribed by the PRC government ("Stated-prescribed price");

         
     

(2)

If there is no State-prescribed price then adoption of state-guidance price;

         
     

(3)

If there is neither State-prescribed price nor state-guidance price, then adoption of market price (being price charged to and from independent third parties); and

         
     

(4)

If none of the above is available, then adoption of a contractual price.

         
   

(ii)

Utility services, including electricity, gas, heat and water, are supplied at Stated-prescribed price.

       
   

(iii)

Engineering, project construction and supervisory services were provided for construction projects of the Company. The state-guidance price or prevailing market price (including tender price where by way of tender) is adopted for pricing purposes.

       
   

(iv)

The pricing policy for purchases of key and auxiliary materials (including bauxite, limestone, carbon, cement, coal, etc.) and finished goods (including alumina, primary aluminum, other non-ferrous metal products, etc. ) is the same as that set out in (i) above.

       
   

(v)

Social services and logistics services provided by Chinalco Group cover public security, fire services, education and training, school and hospital services, cultural and physical education, newspaper and magazines, broadcasting and printing as well as property management, environmental and hygiene, greenery, nurseries and kindergartens, sanatoriums, canteens and offices, public transport and retirement management and other services. Provisions of these services are covered by the Comprehensive Social and Logistics Services Agreement. The pricing policy is the same as that set out in (i) above.

       
   

(vi)

Pursuant to the Land Use Rights Lease Agreements entered into between the Group and Chinalco Group, operating leases for industrial or commercial land are charged at market rent rate. The Group also entered into building rental agreement with Chinalco Group and pays rent based on market rate for its lease of buildings owned by Chinalco.

       
   

(vii)

Pursuant to Trademark License Agreement, the Company granted to Chinalco a non-exclusive right to use two trademarks for a period of ten years from July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2011 at zero cost. The Company will be responsible for the payment of a total annual fee of no more than RMB1,000.00 to maintain effective registration. According to the agreement terms, Chinalco may negotiate extension of effective period in using these trademarks.

       

F-83

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

Significant related party balances and transactions (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Balances with related parties

     
   

Other than those disclosed elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements, the outstanding balances with related entities at year end are as follows:

     
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Trade and notes receivable

   
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

329,194

397,098

   

   Associates of Chinalco

656

683

   

   Jointly controlled entities

-

-

   

   Non-controlling shareholder of a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

146,663

119,309

   




         
     

476,513

517,090

   

   Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(150,315)

(150,261)

   




         
     

326,198

366,829

   




         
   

Other current assets

   
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

48,838

60,070

   

   Associates of Chinalco

8,362

-

   

   Associates

-

13,915

   

   Jointly controlled entity

17,631

53,887

   

   Non-controlling shareholder of a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

43,718

10,070

   




         
     

118,549

137,942

   

   Less: provision for impairment of receivables

(19,274)

(35,912)

   




         
     

99,275

102,030

   




         
   

Trade and notes payable

   
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

284,593

146,078

   

   Associates of Chinalco

1,415

1,095

   

   Associates

210

1,001

   

   Non-controlling shareholder of a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

7,467

3,655

   




         
     

293,685

151,829

   




         
   

Other payables and accrued expense

   
   

   Chinalco and its subsidiaries

2,383,291

2,337,462

   

   Associates of Chinalco

656

756

   

   Jointly controlled entity

3,729

332

   

   Associates

-

2,400

   

   Non-controlling shareholder of a subsidiary and its subsidiaries

14,914

13,436

   




         
     

2,402,590

2,354,386

   




         

F-84

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

35.

Significant related party balances and transactions (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Balances with related parties (Continued)

     
   

As of December 31, 2010, included in long-term borrowings and short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term borrowings are borrowings payable to other state-owned enterprises amounting to RMB20,148 million (2009: RMB25,602 million), RMB23,959 million (2009: RMB22,653 million) and RMB5,252 million (2009: RMB2,742 million), respectively.

     
   

The terms of all balances were in accordance with terms as set out in the respective agreements or as mutually agreed between the parties concerned.

     
 

(c)

Key management personnel compensation

     
     

For the years ended December 31,

     


     

2008

2009

2010

   





           
   

Fees

947

994

870

   

Basic salaries, housing fund, other allowances

     
   

   and benefits in kind

3,515

3,914

3,476

   

Discretionary bonus

1,442

1,521

1,384

   

Pension costs-defined contribution schemes

153

206

192

   





           
     

6,057

6,635

5,922

   





           

36.

Contingent liabilities

   
 

As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, the Group does not have significant contingent liabilities.

   

37.

Commitments

   
 

(a)

Capital commitments of property, plant and equipment

     
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Contracted but not provided for

3,918,198

4,611,998

   

Authorized but not contracted for

30,492,501

28,875,235

   




         
     

34,410,699

33,487,233

   




         

F-85

 


 

ALUMINUM CORPORATION OF CHINA LIMITED

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010

(Amounts expressed in thousands of RMB unless otherwise stated)

 

37.

Commitments (Continued)

   
 

(b)

Commitments under operating leases

     
   

Pursuant to non-cancelable lease agreements entered into by the Group, the future aggregate minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2009 and 2010 are summarized as follows:

     
     

As of December 31,

     


     

2009

2010

   




         
   

Not later than one year

782,744

626,204

   

Later than one year and not later than five years

3,110,657

2,484,490

   

Later than five years

23,877,969

19,052,618

   




         
     

27,771,370

22,163,312

   




         
 

(c)

Commitments for capital contribution

     
   

In April, 2006, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Zunyi Alumina in which the Company holds 67% equity interest. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had injected a total of RMB861 million (2009: RMB760 million) and is obliged to inject an additional RMB101 million under the revised agreement which is expected to be completed in 2011.

     
   

In May 2010, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Xiaoyi Mining Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Shanxi Huayi Mining Co., Ltd. with registered capital amounting to RMB80 million. The Company is obliged to inject cash amounting to RMB41 million and holds 51% equity interest of the investee under the agreement. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had injected a total of RMB8 million (2009: nil) and is obliged to inject an additional RMB33 million.

     
   

In December 2010, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Guizhou Industrial Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Enyuan Industry Co., Ltd. to jointly establish Guizhou Chalco Aluminum Co., Ltd. with registered capital amounting to RMB320 million. The Company is obliged to inject capital amounting to RMB128 million including equipment amounting to RMB45 million and cash amounting to RMB83 million, and holds 40% equity interest of the investee under the agreement. As of December 31, 2010, the Company did not inject any capital.

     

38.

Subsequent events

   
 

On January 30, 2011, the Board of Directors approved the Company's private placement of not more than one billion A shares to raise not more than RMB9 billion (the "A Share Placement"). The target subscribers are institutional investors and general public investors. The A Share Placement is subject to approval by the equity holders of the Company and the relevant authorities in the PRC.

   

F-86