MON-2013.05.31-10Q
Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended May 31, 2013
or
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number 001-16167
MONSANTO COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
43-1878297
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
800 North Lindbergh Blvd.,
63167
St. Louis, MO
(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(314) 694-1000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
x
  
Accelerated filer
o
Non-accelerated filer
o  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 533,109,339 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of June 25, 2013.
 


Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

CAUTION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
In the interests of our investors, and in accordance with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, this section of our report explains some of the important reasons that actual results may be materially different from those that we anticipate. In this report, and from time to time throughout the year, we share our expectations for our company’s future performance. These forward-looking statements include statements about our business plans; the potential development, regulatory approval, and public acceptance of our products; our expected financial performance, including sales performance, and the anticipated effect of our strategic actions; the anticipated benefits of recent acquisitions; the outcome of contingencies, such as litigation and the previously announced SEC investigation; domestic or international economic, political and market conditions; and other factors that could affect our future results of operations or financial position, including, without limitation, statements under the captions “Overview — Executive Summary — Outlook,” “Seeds and Genomics Segment,” “Agricultural Productivity Segment,” “Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Capital Resources,” “Outlook,” “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” and “Legal Proceedings.” Any statements we make that are not matters of current reportage or historical fact should be considered forward-looking. Such statements often include words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “will,” and similar expressions. By their nature, these types of statements are uncertain and are not guarantees of our future performance.
Since these statements are based on factors that involve risks and uncertainties, our company’s actual performance and results may differ materially from those described or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, among others: continued competition in seeds, traits and agricultural chemicals; the company’s exposure to various contingencies, including those related to intellectual property protection, regulatory compliance and the speed with which approvals are received, and public acceptance of biotechnology products; the success of the company’s research and development activities; the outcomes of major lawsuits; developments related to foreign currencies and economies; successful operation of recent acquisitions; fluctuations in commodity prices; compliance with regulations affecting our manufacturing; the accuracy of the company’s estimates related to distribution inventory levels; the company’s ability to fund its short-term financing needs and to obtain payment for the products that it sells; the effect of weather conditions, natural disasters and accidents on the agriculture business or the company’s facilities; and other risks and factors described or referenced in Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors — below and Part I — Item 1A of our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
Our forward-looking statements represent our estimates and expectations and are based on currently available information at the time that we make those statements. However, circumstances change constantly, often unpredictably, and many events beyond our control will determine whether the expectations encompassed in our forward-looking statements will be realized. As a result, investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We disclaim any current intention or obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, or the factors that may affect their realization, whether in light of new information, future events or otherwise, and investors should not rely on us to do so.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 6.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Statements of Consolidated Operations of Monsanto Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, the Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, the Statements of Consolidated Shareowners’ Equity for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and year ended Aug. 31, 2012, and related Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements follow. Unless otherwise indicated, “Monsanto” and the “company” are used interchangeably to refer to Monsanto Company or to Monsanto Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, as appropriate to the context. Unless otherwise indicated, “earnings per share” and “per share” mean diluted earnings per share. In the notes to the consolidated financial statements, all dollars are expressed in millions, except per share amounts. Unless otherwise indicated, references to “Roundup herbicides” mean Roundup branded herbicides, excluding all lawn-and-garden herbicides, and references to “Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides” exclude all lawn-and-garden herbicides.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Statements of Consolidated Operations
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions)
Three Months Ended May 31,
Nine Months Ended May 31,
2013
 
2012
2013
 
2012
Net Sales
$
4,248

 
$
4,219

$
12,659

 
$
11,406

Cost of goods sold
1,986

 
1,856

5,930

 
5,242

Gross Profit
2,262

 
2,363

6,729

 
6,164

Operating Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
632

 
638

1,773

 
1,681

Research and development expenses
392

 
375

1,097

 
1,079

Total Operating Expenses
1,024

 
1,013

2,870

 
2,760

Income from Operations
1,238

 
1,350

3,859

 
3,404

Interest expense
37

 
39

123

 
139

Interest income
(19
)
 
(21
)
(69
)
 
(59
)
Other expense (income), net
(4
)
 
3

35

 
46

Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes
1,224

 
1,329

3,770

 
3,278

Income tax provision
292

 
361

1,017

 
971

Income from Continuing Operations Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
$
932

 
$
968

$
2,753

 
$
2,307

Discontinued Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations of discontinued businesses

 
(3
)
17

 
8

Income tax provision (benefit)

 
(1
)
6

 
3

Income (loss) from Discontinued Operations

 
(2
)
11

 
5

Net Income
$
932

 
$
966

$
2,764

 
$
2,312

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
23

 
29

33

 
38

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
909

 
$
937

$
2,731

 
$
2,274

Amounts Attributable to Monsanto Company:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
909

 
$
939

$
2,720

 
$
2,269

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

 
(2
)
11

 
5

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
909

 
$
937

$
2,731

 
$
2,274

Basic Earnings per Share Attributable to Monsanto Company:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
1.70

 
$
1.76

$
5.09

 
$
4.25

Income on discontinued operations

 

0.02

 
0.01

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
1.70

 
$
1.76

$
5.11

 
$
4.26

Diluted Earnings per Share Attributable to Monsanto Company:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
1.68

 
$
1.74

$
5.03

 
$
4.20

Income on discontinued operations

 

0.02

 
0.01

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
1.68

 
$
1.74

$
5.05

 
$
4.21

Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
534.1

 
532.9

534.5

 
534.2

Diluted
540.0

 
538.8

540.7

 
540.2

Dividends Declared per Share
$

 
$

$
0.75

 
$
0.60

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q


Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions)
Three Months Ended May 31,
Nine Months Ended May 31,
2013
 
2012
2013
 
2012
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
909

 
$
937

$
2,731

 
$
2,274

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Translation
(186
)
 
(603
)
(20
)
 
(944
)
Postretirement benefit plan activity, net of tax of $7, $7, $21 and $20, respectively
12

 
13

35

 
35

Unrealized net gains on investment holdings, net of tax of $0, $2, $3 and $4, respectively
1

 
1

7

 
5

Realized net gains on investment holdings, net of tax of $0, $0, $(3) and $0, respectively

 

(6
)
 

Unrealized net derivative (losses) gains, net of tax of $16, $(31), $(21) and $(79), respectively
28

 
(45
)
(35
)
 
(115
)
Realized net derivative gains, net of tax of $(21), $(7), $(41) and $(23), respectively
(33
)
 
(9
)
(67
)
 
(41
)
Total Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax
(178
)
 
(643
)
(86
)
 
(1,060
)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
731

 
$
294

$
2,645

 
$
1,214

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
23

 
29

33

 
38

Other Comprehensive Loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
(14
)
 
(31
)
(6
)
 
(39
)
Total Other Comprehensive Loss
(14
)
 
(31
)
(6
)
 
(39
)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
$
9

 
$
(2
)
$
27

 
$
(1
)
Total Comprehensive Income
$
740

 
$
292

$
2,672

 
$
1,213

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Statements of Consolidated Financial Position
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions)
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
2013
 
2012
Assets
 
 
 
Current Assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents (variable interest entity restricted - 2013: $175 and 2012: $120)
$
2,921

 
$
3,283

Short-term investments
143

 
302

Trade receivables, net (variable interest entity restricted - 2013: $6 and 2012: $52)
3,610

 
1,897

Miscellaneous receivables
812

 
620

Deferred tax assets
574

 
534

Inventory, net
2,884

 
2,839

Other current assets
197

 
183

Total Current Assets
11,141

 
9,658

Total property, plant and equipment
9,242

 
8,835

Less accumulated depreciation
4,775

 
4,470

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
4,467

 
4,365

Goodwill
3,510

 
3,435

Other Intangible Assets, Net
1,225

 
1,237

Noncurrent Deferred Tax Assets
518

 
551

Long-Term Receivables, Net
242

 
376

Other Assets
576

 
602

Total Assets
$
21,679

 
$
20,224

Liabilities and Shareowners’ Equity
 
 
 
Current Liabilities:
 
 
 
Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt
$
169

 
$
36

Accounts payable
745

 
794

Income taxes payable
397

 
75

Accrued compensation and benefits
408

 
546

Accrued marketing programs
763

 
1,281

Deferred revenues
322

 
396

Grower production accruals
66

 
194

Dividends payable

 
200

Miscellaneous short-term accruals
944

 
699

Total Current Liabilities
3,814

 
4,221

Long-Term Debt
2,054

 
2,038

Postretirement Liabilities
498

 
543

Long-Term Deferred Revenue
167

 
245

Noncurrent Deferred Tax Liabilities
444

 
313

Long-Term Portion of Environmental and Litigation Liabilities
204

 
213

Other Liabilities
420

 
615

Shareowners’ Equity:
 
 
 
Common stock (authorized: 1,500,000,000 shares, par value $0.01)
 
 
 
Issued 601,202,277 and 596,136,929 shares, respectively
 
 
 
Outstanding 533,789,394 and 534,373,880 shares, respectively
6

 
6

Treasury stock 67,412,883 and 61,763,049 shares, respectively, at cost
(3,623
)
 
(3,045
)
Additional contributed capital
10,743

 
10,371

Retained earnings
7,865

 
5,537

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1,122
)
 
(1,036
)
Total Monsanto Company Shareowners’ Equity
13,869

 
11,833

Noncontrolling Interest
209

 
203

Total Shareowners’ Equity
14,078

 
12,036

Total Liabilities and Shareowners’ Equity
$
21,679

 
$
20,224

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions)
Nine Months Ended May 31,
2013
 
2012
Operating Activities:
 
 
 
Net Income
$
2,764

 
2,312

Adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Items that did not require (provide) cash:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
457

 
466

Bad-debt expense
14

 
(9
)
Stock-based compensation expense
76

 
102

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
(73
)
 
(33
)
Deferred income taxes
171

 
195

Equity affiliate income, net
(11
)
 
(11
)
Net gain on sales of a business or other assets
(15
)
 
(3
)
Other items
(48
)
 
51

Changes in assets and liabilities that required cash, net of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Trade receivables, net
(1,614
)
 
(1,773
)
Inventory, net
(100
)
 
(134
)
Deferred revenues
(156
)
 
(35
)
Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
(465
)
 
(171
)
Restructuring cash payments

 
(11
)
Pension contributions
(53
)
 
(57
)
Other items
(161
)
 
(36
)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
786

 
853

Cash Flows (Required) Provided by Investing Activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of short-term investments
(462
)
 
(444
)
Maturities of short-term investments
621

 
444

Capital expenditures
(459
)
 
(376
)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
(120
)
 
(113
)
Technology and other investments
(63
)
 
(61
)
Other proceeds
96

 
8

Net Cash Required by Investing Activities
(387
)
 
(542
)
Cash Flows Provided (Required) by Financing Activities:
 
 
 
Net change in financing with less than 90-day maturities
170

 
(86
)
Short-term debt proceeds
1

 
9

Short-term debt reductions
(29
)
 
(21
)
Long-term debt proceeds
16

 

Long-term debt reductions
(2
)
 
(142
)
Payments on other financing

 
(2
)
Treasury stock purchases
(578
)
 
(423
)
Stock option exercises
234

 
69

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
73

 
33

Tax withholding on restricted stock and restricted stock units
(3
)
 
(1
)
Dividend payments
(602
)
 
(482
)
Dividend payments to noncontrolling interests
(19
)
 
(76
)
Proceeds from noncontrolling interest

 
101

Net Cash Required by Financing Activities
(739
)
 
(1,021
)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents
(22
)
 
(146
)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents
(362
)
 
(856
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
3,283

 
2,572

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
$
2,921

 
$
1,716

See Note 20 — Supplemental Cash Flow Information — for further details.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Statements of Consolidated Shareowners’ Equity
  
Monsanto Shareowners
 
  
 
  
Unaudited
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
Common
Stock
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Additional
Contributed
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss)(1)
 
Reserve for
ESOP Debt
 
Non-Controlling
Interest
 
Total
Balance as of Aug. 31, 2011
$
6

 
$
(2,613
)
 
$
10,096

 
$
4,174

 
$
(116
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
171

 
$
11,716

Net income

 

 

 
2,045

 

 

 
48

 
2,093

Other comprehensive loss for 2012

 

 

 

 
(920
)
 

 
(40
)
 
(960
)
Treasury stock purchases

 
(432
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
(432
)
Restricted stock withholding

 

 
(19
)
 

 

 

 

 
(19
)
Issuance of shares under employee stock plans

 

 
117

 

 

 

 

 
117

Net excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

 
50

 

 

 

 

 
50

Stock-based compensation expense

 

 
127

 

 

 

 

 
127

Cash dividends of $1.28 per common share

 

 

 
(682
)
 

 

 

 
(682
)
Dividend payments to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 
(77
)
 
(77
)
Allocation of ESOP shares, net of dividends received

 

 

 

 

 
2

 

 
2

Proceeds from noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 
101

 
101

Balance as of Aug. 31, 2012
$
6

 
$
(3,045
)
 
$
10,371

 
$
5,537

 
$
(1,036
)
 
$

 
$
203

 
$
12,036

Net income

 

 

 
2,731

 

 

 
33

 
2,764

Other comprehensive loss for 2013

 

 

 

 
(86
)
 

 
(6
)
 
(92
)
Treasury stock purchases

 
(578
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
(578
)
Restricted stock withholding

 

 
(3
)
 

 

 

 

 
(3
)
Issuance of shares under employee stock plans

 

 
234

 

 

 

 

 
234

Net excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

 
69

 

 

 

 

 
69

Stock-based compensation expense

 

 
73

 

 

 

 

 
73

Cash dividends of $0.75 per common share

 

 

 
(403
)
 

 

 

 
(403
)
Dividend payments to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 
(19
)
 
(19
)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest

 

 
(1
)
 

 

 

 
(2
)
 
(3
)
Balance as of May 31, 2013
$
6

 
$
(3,623
)
 
$
10,743

 
$
7,865

 
$
(1,122
)
 
$

 
$
209

 
$
14,078

(1)
See Note 18 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss — for further details of the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


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Table of Contents

MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED




NOTE 1.
BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Monsanto Company, along with its subsidiaries, is a leading global provider of agricultural products for farmers. Monsanto’s seeds, biotechnology trait products, and herbicides provide farmers with solutions that improve productivity, reduce the costs of farming, and produce better foods for consumers and better feed for animals.
Monsanto manages its business in two segments: Seeds and Genomics and Agricultural Productivity. Through the Seeds and Genomics segment, Monsanto produces leading seed brands, including DEKALB, Asgrow, Deltapine, Seminis and De Ruiter, and Monsanto develops biotechnology traits that assist farmers in controlling insects and weeds. Monsanto also provides other seed companies with genetic material and biotechnology traits for their seed brands. Through the Agricultural Productivity segment, the company manufactures Roundup and Harness brand herbicides and other herbicides. See Note 22Segment Information — for further details.
In the fourth quarter of 2008, the company announced plans to divest its animal agricultural products business, which focused on dairy cow productivity (the Dairy business) and was previously reported as part of the Agricultural Productivity segment. This transaction was consummated on Oct. 1, 2008. As a result, financial data for this business has been presented as discontinued operations.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have not been audited but have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, these unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods reported. This Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012. Financial information for the first nine months of fiscal year 2013 should not be annualized because of the seasonality of the company’s business.
NOTE 2.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued "Comprehensive Income: Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income," which requires entities to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, entities are required to present, either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income but only if the amount is required under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, entities are required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail on these amounts. This standard is effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after Dec. 15, 2012. Monsanto will adopt this standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2014. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.
In December 2011 and February 2013, the FASB issued an amendment to the Balance Sheet topic of the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), which requires entities to disclose both gross and net information about both derivatives and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting agreement. The objective of the disclosure is to facilitate comparison between those entities that prepare their financial statements on the basis of U.S. GAAP and those entities that prepare their financial statements on the basis of International Financial Reporting Standards. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after Jan. 1, 2013. Retrospective presentation for all comparative periods presented is required. Accordingly, Monsanto will adopt this amendment in the first quarter of fiscal year 2014. The company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

In September 2011, the FASB issued an amendment to the Intangibles-Goodwill and Other topic of the ASC. Prior to the amendment the company performed a two-step test as outlined by the ASC. Step one of the two-step goodwill impairment test is performed by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing the fair value with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then the company is required to perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. Under the amendment, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the current two-step test. If an entity believes, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required. An entity can choose to perform the qualitative assessment on none, some or all of its reporting units. Moreover, an entity can bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to step one of the impairment test, and then resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The amendment is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after Dec. 15, 2011. Accordingly, Monsanto adopted this amendment when the company performed the annual impairment test during third quarter of fiscal year 2013.
In July 2012, the FASB issued amendments to the Intangibles-Goodwill and Other topic of the ASC. Prior to this amendment the company performs a two-step test as outlined by the ASC. Step one of the two-step indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test is performed by calculating the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and comparing the fair value with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, then the company is required to perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. Under the amendment, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the current two-step test. If an entity believes, as a result of its qualitative assessment, that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required. An entity can choose to perform the qualitative assessment on none, some or all of its indefinite-lived intangible assets. Moreover, an entity can bypass the qualitative assessment for any indefinite-lived intangible asset in any period and proceed directly to step one of the impairment test, and then resume performing the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The amendment is effective for annual and interim indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after Sept. 15, 2012. Accordingly, Monsanto will adopt this amendment in fiscal year 2014. The company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the consolidated financial statements for the annual impairment test of indefinite-lived intangible assets.
NOTE 3.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
2013 Acquisitions: In March 2013, Monsanto acquired substantially all of the assets of Rosetta Green Ltd., a business based in Israel which specializes in the identification and use of unique genes to guide key processes in major crops including corn, soybeans and cotton. The acquisition of the company, which qualifies as a business under the Business Combinations topic of the ASC, is expected to complement Monsanto's existing research platforms. Acquisition costs were less than $1 million and were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The total fair value and cash paid for the acquisition was $35 million. The fair value of the acquisition was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The primary item that generated goodwill was the premium paid by the company for the right to control the acquired business and technology. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
In January 2013, Monsanto acquired select assets of Agradis, Inc., a business focused on developing sustainable agricultural solutions. The acquisition, which qualifies as a business under the Business Combinations topic of the ASC, is intended to support Monsanto's efforts to provide farmers with sustainable biological products to improve crop health and productivity. Acquisition costs incurred were less than $1 million and were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The total cash paid and the fair value of the acquisition was $85 million, and the purchase price was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The primary item that generated goodwill was the premium paid by the company for the right to control the acquired business and technology. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
For the acquisitions described above, the business operations and employees of the acquired entities were included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results upon acquisition. The estimated fair values of the assets and liabilities, summarized in the table below, of the acquired entities represent the preliminary purchase price allocations. No cash was acquired as part of these acquisitions. The allocations of the acquired entities will be finalized as soon as the information becomes available, however, not to exceed one year from the acquisition dates.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

(Dollars in millions)
Aggregate Acquisitions
Property, Plant & Equipment
1

Goodwill
78

Acquired In-process Research and Development
43

Total Assets Acquired
122

Current Liabilities
2

Total Liabilities Assumed
2

Net Assets Acquired
120

Pro forma information related to the acquisitions is not presented because the impact of these acquisitions, either individually or in the aggregate, on Monsanto's consolidated results of operations is not significant.
In June 2013, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc., a business based in Durham, North Carolina that is focused on gene expression and other agriculture technologies. The acquisition of the company, which qualifies as a business under the Business Combinations topic of the ASC, is expected to complement Monsanto's existing research platforms. As of May 31, 2013, GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. was deemed to be a non-consolidated variable interest entity (VIE). See Note 5 - Variable Interest Entities - for further information. Following this acquisition GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. will no longer be a VIE. Acquisition costs were less than $1 million and were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The total fair value and cash paid for the acquisition was $20 million (net of cash acquired). Goodwill and intangible assets are expected to be recorded on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position from the acquisition of GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. As of June 27, 2013, the initial accounting for the business combination has not been completed, including the measurement of certain intangible assets and goodwill. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are expected to be included in the Seeds and Genomics segment results upon acquisition.
2012 Acquisitions: In June 2012, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of Precision Planting, Inc., a planting technology developer based in Tremont, Illinois. Precision Planting develops technology to improve yields through on-farm planting performance. The acquisition of the company is part of Monsanto’s Integrated Farming Systems unit, which utilizes advanced agronomic practices, seed genetics and innovative on-farm technology to deliver optimal yield to farmers while using fewer resources. Acquisition costs incurred in fiscal year 2012 were less than $1 million and were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The acquisition of Precision Planting qualifies as a business under the Business Combinations topic of the ASC. The total fair value of the acquisition was $255 million, including contingent consideration of $39 million, and the total cash paid for the acquisition was $209 million (net of cash acquired). The fair value was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The primary item that generated goodwill was the premium paid by the company for the right to control the acquired business and technology. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The contingent consideration is to be paid in cash if certain operational and financial milestones are met on or before Aug. 31, 2020, up to a maximum target of $40 million. The estimated acquisition date fair value of the long-term other liability for the contingent consideration reflects a discount at a credit adjusted risk-free interest rate for the expected timing of each payment. See Note 14Fair Value Measurements — for further information.
In September 2011, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of Beeologics, a technology start-up business based in Israel, which researches and develops biological tools to provide targeted control of pests and diseases. The acquisition of the company, which qualifies as a business under the Business Combinations topic of the ASC, allows Monsanto to further explore the use of biologicals broadly in agriculture to provide farmers with innovative approaches to the challenges they face. Monsanto intends to use the base technology from Beeologics as a part of its continuing discovery and development pipeline. Acquisition costs were approximately $1 million and were classified as selling, general and administrative expenses. The total cash paid and the fair value of the acquisition was $113 million (net of cash acquired), and it was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The primary item that generated goodwill was the premium paid by the company for the right to control the acquired business and technology. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
For the acquisitions described above, the business operations and employees of the acquired entity were included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results upon acquisition.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

NOTE 4.
CUSTOMER FINANCING PROGRAMS
Monsanto participates in customer financing programs as follows:
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Transactions that Qualify for Sales Treatment
 
 
 
U.S. agreement to sell customer receivables(1)
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
$
138

 
$
291

Maximum future payout under recourse provisions
7

 
17

Other U.S. and European agreements to sell accounts receivables(2)
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
$
11

 
$
34

Maximum future payout under recourse provisions
11

 
21

Agreements with Lenders(3)
 
 
 
Outstanding balance
$
70

 
$
85

Maximum future payout under the guarantee
51

 
56

The gross amount of receivables sold under transactions that qualify for sales treatment were: 
  
Gross Amount of Receivables Sold
 
Three Months Ended May 31,
Nine Months Ended May 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
2013
 
2012
Transactions that Qualify for Sales Treatment
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. agreement to sell customer receivables(1)
$
135

 
$
109

$
137

 
$
325

Other U.S. and European agreement to sell accounts receivables(2)
6

 

9

 
5

(1)
Monsanto has an agreement in the United States to sell customer receivables up to a maximum outstanding balance of $500 million and to service such accounts. These receivables qualify for sales treatment under the Transfers and Servicing topic of the ASC and, accordingly, the proceeds are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. The agreement includes recourse provisions and thus a liability is established at the time of sale that approximates fair value based upon the company’s historical collection experience and a current assessment of credit exposure.
(2)
Monsanto also sells account receivables in the United States and European regions, both with and without recourse. The sales within these programs qualify for sales treatment under the Transfers and Servicing topic of the ASC and, accordingly, the proceeds are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. The liability for the guarantees for sales with recourse is recorded at an amount that approximates fair value, based on the company’s historical collection experience for the customers associated with the sale of the receivables and a current assessment of credit exposure.
(3)
Monsanto has additional agreements with lenders to establish programs that provide financing for select customers in the United States, Brazil, Latin America and Europe. Monsanto provides various levels of recourse through guarantees of the accounts in the event of customer default. The term of the guarantee is equivalent to the term of the customer loans. The liability for the guarantees is recorded at an amount that approximates fair value, based on the company’s historical collection experience with customers that participate in the program and a current assessment of credit exposure. If performance is required under the guarantee, Monsanto may retain amounts that are subsequently collected from customers.
In addition to the arrangements in the above table, Monsanto also participates in a financing program in Brazil that allows Monsanto to transfer up to 1 billion Brazilian reais (approximately $470 million) for select customers in Brazil to a special purpose entity (SPE). Under the arrangement, a recourse provision requires Monsanto to cover the first credit losses within the program up to the amount of our investment. The company evaluated its relationship with the entity under the guidance within the Consolidation topic of the ASC and, as a result, the entity has been consolidated. For further information on this topic, see Note 5Variable Interest Entities.
There were no significant recourse or non-recourse liabilities for all programs as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012. There were no significant delinquent loans for all programs as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

NOTE 5.
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Monsanto is involved with a special purpose entity and other entities that are deemed to be variable interest entities (VIEs). Monsanto has determined that the company holds a variable interest in an entity that is established as a revolving financing program. In addition, Monsanto has various variable interests in biotechnology companies that focus on plant gene research, development and commercialization. These variable interests have also been determined to be VIEs.
In June 2013, Monsanto entered into an agreement with a biotechnology company to establish a subsidiary to focus on agricultural fungicide discovery. Monsanto is evaluating the accounting treatment of the subsidiary, including whether it will be deemed a VIE.
Consolidated VIE
Monsanto has a financing program in Brazil that is recorded as a consolidated VIE. For the most part, the VIE involving the revolving financing program is funded by investments from the company and other third parties, primarily investment funds, and have been established to service Monsanto’s customer receivables. An 83 percent and 88 percent senior interest in the entity is held by third parties, primarily investment funds, as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively, and Monsanto holds the remaining 17 percent and 12 percent interest, respectively. Under the arrangement, Monsanto is required to maintain an investment in the VIE of at least 12 percent and could be required to provide additional contributions to the VIE. Monsanto currently has no unfunded commitments to the VIE. See Note 4Customer Financing Programs — for additional information regarding the revolving financing arrangement. Creditors have no recourse against Monsanto in the event of default by the VIE. The company’s financial or other support provided to the VIE is limited to its investment. Even though Monsanto holds a subordinate interest in the VIE, the VIE was established to service transactions involving the company and the company determines the receivables that are included in the revolving financing program. Therefore, the determination is that Monsanto has the power to direct the activities most significant to the economic performance of the VIE. As a result, the company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE and the VIE has been consolidated in Monsanto’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The assets of the VIE may only be used to settle the obligations of the entity. Third-party investors in the VIE do not have recourse to the general assets of Monsanto other than the maximum exposure to loss relating to the VIE. The following table presents the carrying value of assets and liabilities, which are identified as restricted assets and liabilities on the company’s Statements of Consolidated Financial Position, and the maximum exposure to loss relating to the VIE for which Monsanto is the primary beneficiary.
  
Financing Program VIE
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Cash and cash equivalents
$
175

 
$
120

Trade receivables, net
6

 
52

Other current assets

 

Total Assets
181

 
172

Total Liabilities

 

Maximum Exposure to Loss
$
30

 
$
23

Non-Consolidated VIEs
Monsanto has variable interests through investments and arrangements with biotechnology companies that focus on plant gene research, development and commercialization. The company has not provided financial or other support with respect to these investments or arrangements other than its original interest. The company also has no implied or unfunded commitments to these VIEs. Monsanto’s maximum exposure to loss on these variable interests is limited to the amount of the company’s investment in the entity. The following table presents the carrying value of assets and liabilities, and the maximum exposure to loss relating to VIEs that the company does not consolidate.




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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)


  
Biotechnology VIEs
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Property, plant and equipment, net
$
4

 
$
5

Other intangible assets, net
14

 
14

Total Non-Current Assets
18

 
19

Total Liabilities

 

Maximum Exposure to Loss
$

 
$

In June 2013, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. was deemed to be a non-consolidated VIE. See Note 3 - Business Combinations - for further information.
NOTE 6.
RESTRUCTURING
On June 23, 2009, the company’s Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan (2009 Restructuring Plan) to take future actions to reduce costs in light of the changing market supply environment for glyphosate. These actions were designed to enable Monsanto to stabilize the Agricultural Productivity business and allow it to deliver optimal gross profit and a sustainable level of operating cash in the coming years, while better aligning spending and working capital needs. The company also announced that it would take steps to better align the resources of its global seeds and traits business. These actions included certain product and brand rationalization within the seed businesses. On Sept. 9, 2009, the company committed to take additional actions related to the previously announced restructuring plan. Furthermore, while implementing the plan, the company identified additional opportunities to better align the company’s resources, and on Aug. 26, 2010, committed to take additional actions. The plan was substantially completed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2011, and the remaining payments were made in fiscal year 2012.
There were no additional charges incurred for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. The following table displays the cumulative pretax charges of $723 million under the 2009 Restructuring Plan.
  
Cumulative Amount through May 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)
Seeds and
Genomics
 
Agricultural
Productivity
 
Total
Work Force Reductions
$
229

 
$
99

 
$
328

Facility Closures / Exit Costs
75

 
81

 
156

Asset Impairments
 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment
43

 
5

 
48

Inventory
119

 
13

 
132

Other intangible assets
59

 

 
59

Total Restructuring Charges, Net
$
525

 
$
198

 
$
723

The company’s written human resource policies are indicative of an ongoing benefit arrangement with respect to severance packages. Benefits paid pursuant to an ongoing benefit arrangement are specifically excluded from the Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations topic of the ASC, therefore severance charges incurred in connection with the 2009 Restructuring Plan are accounted for when probable and estimable as required under the Compensation – Nonretirement Postemployment Benefits topic of the ASC. In addition, when the decision to commit to a restructuring plan requires an asset impairment review, Monsanto evaluates such impairment issues under the Property, Plant and Equipment topic of the ASC.
There was no restructuring liability as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

NOTE 7.
RECEIVABLES
Trade receivables on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position are net of allowances of $69 million and $64 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively.
The company has financing receivables that represent long-term customer receivable balances related to past due accounts which are not expected to be collected within the current year. The long-term customer receivables were $141 million and $156 million with a corresponding allowance for credit losses on these receivables of $133 million and $141 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively. These long-term customer receivable balances and the corresponding allowance are included in long-term receivables, net on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. For these long-term customer receivables, interest is no longer accrued when the receivable is determined to be delinquent and classified as long-term based on estimated timing of collection.
The following table displays a roll forward of the allowance for credit losses related to long-term customer receivables.
(Dollars in millions)
  
Balance as of Aug. 31, 2011
$
213

Incremental Provision
3

Recoveries
(14
)
Write-offs
(54
)
Other(1) 
(7
)
Balance as of Aug. 31, 2012
$
141

Incremental Provision
2

Recoveries
(5
)
Write-offs
(6
)
Other(1)
1

Balance as of May 31, 2013
$
133

(1)Includes reclassifications from current receivables and foreign currency translation adjustments.
In addition, the company has long-term contractual receivables. These receivables are collected at fixed and determinable dates in accordance with the customer long-term agreement. The long-term contractual receivables were $234 million and $361 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively, and did not have any allowance recorded related to these balances. These receivables are included in long-term receivables, net on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. There are no balances related to these long-term contractual receivables that are past due. These receivables are outstanding with large, reputable companies who have been timely with scheduled payments thus far and are considered to be fully collectible. Interest is accrued on these receivables in accordance with the agreements and is included within interest income in the Statements of Consolidated Operations.
On an ongoing basis, the company evaluates credit quality of its financing receivables utilizing aging of receivables, collection experience and write-offs, as well as evaluating existing economic conditions, to determine if an allowance is necessary.
NOTE 8.
INVENTORY
Components of inventory are:
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Finished Goods
$
1,189

 
$
1,050

Goods In Process
1,480

 
1,537

Raw Materials and Supplies
378

 
395

Inventory at FIFO Cost
3,047

 
2,982

Excess of FIFO over LIFO Cost
(163
)
 
(143
)
Total
$
2,884

 
$
2,839


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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

NOTE 9.
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill for the first nine months of fiscal year 2013, by segment, are as follows:
(Dollars in millions)
Seeds and
Genomics
 
Agricultural
Productivity
 
Total
Balance as of Aug. 31, 2012
$
3,378

 
$
57

 
$
3,435

Acquisition activity (see Note 3)
78

 

 
78

Effect of foreign currency translation adjustments

 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Balance as of May 31, 2013
$
3,456

 
$
54

 
$
3,510

Goodwill increased during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, due to the acquisitions of Agradis and Rosetta Green. See Note 3 - Business Combinations - for further information. The fiscal year 2013 annual goodwill impairment test was performed as of March 1, 2013, and no goodwill impairment existed as of that date. There were no events or circumstances indicating that goodwill might be impaired as of May 31, 2013.
Information regarding the company’s other intangible assets is as follows:
  
As of May 31, 2013
 
As of Aug. 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Acquired Germplasm
$
1,111

 
$
(710
)
 
$
401

 
$
1,144

 
$
(707
)
 
$
437

Acquired Intellectual Property
1,093

 
(785
)
 
308

 
1,085

 
(771
)
 
314

Trademarks
342

 
(128
)
 
214

 
348

 
(124
)
 
224

Customer Relationships
305

 
(173
)
 
132

 
285

 
(152
)
 
133

Other
160

 
(90
)
 
70

 
168

 
(87
)
 
81

Total Other Intangible Assets, Finite Lives
$
3,011

 
$
(1,886
)
 
$
1,125

 
$
3,030

 
$
(1,841
)
 
$
1,189

In Process Research & Development, Indefinite Lives
100

 

 
100

 
48

 

 
48

Total Other Intangible Assets
$
3,111

 
$
(1,886
)
 
$
1,225

 
$
3,078

 
$
(1,841
)
 
$
1,237

The increase in the carrying amount of total other intangible assets during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, is primarily related to the acquisitions of Agradis and Rosetta Green. Total amortization expense of other intangible assets was $28 million and $25 million in third quarter of fiscal years 2013 and 2012, respectively. Total amortization expense of other intangible assets was $87 million and $101 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. The estimated intangible asset amortization expense for fiscal year 2013 through fiscal year 2017 is as follows:
(Dollars in millions)
Amount
2013
$
113

2014
125

2015
121

2016
121

2017
107

NOTE 10.
INVESTMENTS AND EQUITY AFFILIATES
Investments
As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, Monsanto has short-term investments outstanding of $143 million and $302 million, respectively. The investments at May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, are comprised of commercial paper with original maturities of one year or less. The investments at Aug. 31, 2012, also included treasury bills with original maturities one year or less. See Note 14 — Fair Value Measurements.
Monsanto has investments in long-term equity securities, which are considered available-for-sale. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, these long-term equity securities are recorded in other assets in the Statements of Consolidated Financial

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

Position at a fair value of $21 million and $35 million, respectively. Net unrealized gain (net of deferred taxes) of $6 million and $5 million is included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in shareowners’ equity related to these investments as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively. For both the three and nine month periods ended May 31, 2013, no significant impairments were recorded. Monsanto recorded an impairment of $7 million related to a long-term equity investment for the three and nine month periods ended May 31, 2012.
Monsanto has cost basis investments recorded in other assets in the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, these investments were recorded at $85 million and $70 million, respectively. Due to the nature of these investments, the fair market value is not readily determinable. These investments are reviewed for impairment indicators. For both the three and nine month periods ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, no impairments were recorded.
Equity Affiliates
Monsanto owns a 19 percent interest in a seed supplier that produces, conditions and distributes corn and soybean seeds. Monsanto is accounting for this investment as an equity method investment as Monsanto has the ability to exercise significant influence over the seed supplier. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, this investment is recorded in other assets in the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position at $76 million and $70 million, respectively. Monsanto purchased $19 million and $215 million of inventory from the seed supplier for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, respectively, and $47 million and $177 million for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, respectively. There were sales of inventory to the seed supplier of $13 million for both the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and $10 million for both the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, there were no amounts payable to the seed supplier. As of May 31, 2013, there were no prepayments. As of Aug. 31, 2012, there were prepayments of $13 million included in other current assets in the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position for inventory that was delivered in fiscal year 2013.
NOTE 11.
DEFERRED REVENUE
In 2008, Monsanto entered into a corn herbicide tolerance and insect control trait technologies agreement with Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Among its provisions, the agreement modified certain existing corn license agreements between the parties. Under the agreement, which requires fixed annual payments, the company recorded a receivable and deferred revenue of $635 million in first quarter 2008. Cumulative cash receipts will be $725 million over an eight-year period. Revenue of $20 million related to this agreement was recorded for each of the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, and revenue of $60 million was recorded for each of the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the remaining receivable balance is $229 million and $313 million, respectively. The majority of this balance is included in long-term receivables on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position, and the current portion is included in trade receivables. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the remaining deferred revenue balance is $179 million and $238 million, respectively, of which $79 million is included in current deferred revenue in both periods. The interest income recorded on this receivable is $2 million for each of the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. Interest income recorded on this receivable is $5 million and $7 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively.    
In 2008, Monsanto and Syngenta entered into a Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybean License Agreement, which grants Syngenta access to Monsanto’s Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybean technology in consideration of royalty payments from Syngenta, based on sales. The minimum obligation from Syngenta over the nine-year contract period is $81 million. Revenue of $9 million and $2 million related to this agreement was recorded for the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively, and revenue of $21 million and $6 million was recorded for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the remaining receivable balance is $58 million and $67 million, respectively. The majority of this balance is included in long-term receivables on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position and the current portion is included in trade receivables. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the remaining deferred revenue balance is $36 million and $56 million, respectively, of which $21 million and $12 million, respectively, is included in current deferred revenue.
NOTE 12.
INCOME TAXES
Monsanto recorded a tax benefit of $140 million in the first nine months of 2013 primarily as a result of the favorable resolution of tax matters, a capital loss from a deemed liquidation of a subsidiary and the retroactive extension of the research and development credit pursuant to the enactment of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 on January 2, 2013.


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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

During the first nine months of 2012, statutes expired in several jurisdictions and the company benefited from the favorable resolution of tax matters. These benefits were partially offset by deferred tax adjustments and tax reserves set up in multiple jurisdictions. Primarily as a result of these items, Monsanto recorded a tax benefit of $65 million in the first nine months of 2012.
NOTE 13.
DEBT AND OTHER CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS
In November 2011, Monsanto filed a new shelf registration with the SEC (2011 shelf registration) that allows the company to issue an unlimited capacity of debt, equity and hybrid offerings. The 2011 shelf registration will expire in November 2014.
In July 2012, Monsanto issued $250 million of 2.20% Senior Notes which are due on July 15, 2022, (2022 Senior Notes) and $250 million of 3.60% Senior Notes which are due on July 15, 2042, (2042 Senior Notes). Both were issued under the 2011 shelf registration.
The net proceeds from the sale of the 2022 and 2042 Senior Notes were used for general corporate purposes, including refinancing of the company’s indebtedness.
Monsanto has a $2 billion credit facility agreement with a group of banks that provides a senior unsecured revolving credit facility through April 1, 2016. Effective May 31, 2012, the facility was extended one year from April 1, 2015, to April 1, 2016.
The fair value of the total short-term debt was $169 million and $36 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively. The fair value of the total long-term debt was $2,327 million and $2,411 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively.
NOTE 14.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Monsanto determines the fair market value of its financial assets and liabilities based on quoted market prices, estimates from brokers, and other appropriate valuation techniques. The company uses the fair value hierarchy established in the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the ASC, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy contains three levels as follows, with Level 3 representing the lowest level of input:
Level 1 — Values based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 — Values based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, discounted cash flow models, or model-based valuation techniques adjusted, as necessary, for credit risk.
Level 3 — Values generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions would reflect our own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques could include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.
The following tables set forth by level Monsanto’s assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012. As required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the ASC, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is a significant component of the fair value measurement. Monsanto’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the classification of fair value assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy levels.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

  
Fair Value Measurements at May 31, 2013, Using
(Dollars in millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Cash
Collateral
Offset(1)
 
Net
Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
2,429

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,429

Short-term investments
143

 

 

 

 
143

Equity securities
21

 

 

 

 
21

Derivative assets related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency

 
13

 

 

 
13

Commodity contracts
21

 
9

 

 
(21
)
 
9

Total Assets at Fair Value
$
2,614

 
$
22

 
$

 
$
(21
)
 
$
2,615

Liabilities at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration
$

 
$

 
$
40

 
$

 
$
40

Derivative liabilities related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency

 
10

 

 

 
10

Commodity contracts
35

 
23

 

 
(34
)
 
24

Total Liabilities at Fair Value
$
35

 
$
33

 
$
40

 
$
(34
)
 
$
74

Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term debt instruments(2)
$

 
$
169

 
$

 
$

 
$
169

Long-term debt instruments(2)

 
2,327

 

 

 
2,327

Total Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value
$

 
$
2,496

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,496

Total Liabilities Recorded and Not Recorded at Fair Value
$
35

 
$
2,529

 
$
40

 
$
(34
)
 
$
2,570

(1)
As allowed by the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, commodity derivative assets and liabilities have been offset by cash collateral due and paid under a master netting arrangement.
(2)
Short-term and long-term debt instruments are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis; however, they are measured at fair value for disclosure purposes, as required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the ASC.


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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

  
Fair Value Measurements at Aug. 31, 2012, Using
(Dollars in millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Cash
Collateral
Offset (1)
 
Net
Balance
Assets at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
2,787

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,787

Short-term investments
302

 

 

 

 
302

Equity securities
35

 

 

 

 
35

Derivative assets related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency

 
11

 

 

 
11

Commodity contracts
86

 
23

 

 
(85
)
 
24

Total Assets at Fair Value
$
3,210

 
$
34

 
$

 
$
(85
)
 
$
3,159

Liabilities at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration
$

 
$

 
$
39

 
$

 
$
39

Derivative liabilities related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency

 
7

 

 

 
7

Commodity contracts
7

 
22

 

 
(7
)
 
22

Total Liabilities at Fair Value:
$
7

 
$
29

 
$
39

 
$
(7
)
 
$
68

Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term debt instrument(2)
$

 
$
36

 
$

 
$

 
$
36

Long-term debt instruments(2)

 
2,411

 

 

 
2,411

Total Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value
$

 
$
2,447

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,447

Total Liabilities Recorded and Not Recorded at Fair Value
$
7

 
$
2,476

 
$
39

 
$
(7
)
 
$
2,515

(1)
As allowed by the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, commodity derivative assets and liabilities have been offset by cash collateral due and paid under a master netting arrangement.
(2)
Short-term and long-term debt instruments are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis; however, they are measured at fair value for disclosure purposes, as required by the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the ASC.
The company’s derivative contracts are measured at fair value, including forward commodity purchase and sale contracts, exchange-traded commodity futures and option contracts, and over the counter (OTC) instruments related primarily to agricultural commodities, energy and raw materials, interest rates, and foreign currencies. Exchange-traded futures and options contracts are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified as Level 1. Fair value for forward commodity purchase and sale contracts is estimated based on exchange-quoted prices adjusted for differences in local markets. These differences are generally determined using inputs from broker or dealer quotations or market transactions in either the listed or OTC markets. When observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the contract, it is classified as Level 2. Based on historical experience with the company’s suppliers and customers, the company’s own credit risk and knowledge of current market conditions, the company does not view nonperformance risk to be a significant input to the fair value for the majority of its forward commodity purchase and sale contracts. The effective portions of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recognized in the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss until the hedged items are recorded in earnings or it is probable the hedged transaction will no longer occur. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in the Statements of Consolidated Operation as a component of net sales, cost of goods sold and other expense, net.
The company’s short-term investments are comprised of commercial paper. The company’s equity securities are comprised of publicly traded equity investments. Commercial paper and publicly traded equity investments are valued using quoted market prices and are classified as Level 1.
The fair value of short-term and long-term debt was determined based on current market yields for our debt traded in the secondary market.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

The company’s contingent consideration relates to the Precision Planting acquisition and is measured at fair value using a combination of the probability weighted method and the income approach using market price of risk. This fair value amount is reflected as a component of miscellaneous short-term accruals in the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. See Note 3Business Combinations — for purchase accounting information. The fair value is principally based on unobservable inputs (a Level 3 measurement) consisting mainly of the amount of future cash flows adjusted for probabilities associated with meeting certain operational and financial milestones and discounted at the appropriate market rate. A change in significant unobservable inputs of 10 percent would not result in a change in the fair value of the contingent consideration and the fair value recorded represents the maximum target of $40 million. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration during the nine month period ended May 31, 2013, were recognized in the Statements of Consolidated Operations as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses.
For the three and nine month periods ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, the company had no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3. Monsanto does not have any assets with fair value determined using Level 3 inputs as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012. The following table summarizes the change in fair value of the Level 3 liability for the nine months ended May 31, 2013.
(Dollars in millions)
Contingent
Consideration
Balance Aug. 31, 2012
$
39

Loss included in earnings
1

Balance May 31, 2013
$
40

There were no significant measurements of assets or liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013.
There were no measurements of liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012. Measurements of assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, were as follows:
Other Intangible Assets, Net: Other intangible assets with a carrying value of $12 million were written down to their implied fair value of $6 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $6 million, which was primarily included in cost of goods sold in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. Other intangible assets with a carrying value of $24 million were written down to their implied fair value of less than $1 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $24 million, which was primarily included in research and development expenses in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. Other intangible assets with a carrying value of $25 million were written down to their implied fair value of $7 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $18 million, which was primarily included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The implied fair value calculations were performed using a discounted cash flow model.
The recorded amounts of cash, trade receivables, miscellaneous receivables, third-party guarantees, accounts payable, grower production accruals, accrued marketing programs and miscellaneous short-term accruals approximate their fair values as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012.
Management is ultimately responsible for all fair values presented in the company’s consolidated financial statements. The company performs analysis and review of the information and prices received from third parties to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of fair value. This process involves quantitative and qualitative analysis. As a result of the analysis, if the company determines there is a more appropriate fair value based upon the available market data, the price received from the third party is adjusted accordingly.
NOTE 15.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Cash Flow Hedges
The company uses foreign currency options and foreign currency forward contracts as hedges of anticipated sales or purchases denominated in foreign currencies. The company enters into these contracts to protect itself against the risk that the eventual net cash flows will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates.
Monsanto’s commodity price risk management strategy is to use derivative instruments to minimize significant unanticipated earnings fluctuations that may arise from volatility in commodity prices. Price fluctuations in commodities, mainly in corn and soybeans, can cause the actual prices paid to production growers for corn and soybean seeds to differ from anticipated cash

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

outlays. Monsanto uses commodity futures and options contracts to manage these risks. Monsanto’s energy and raw material risk management strategy is to use derivative instruments to minimize significant unanticipated manufacturing cost fluctuations that may arise from volatility in natural gas, diesel and ethylene prices.
Monsanto’s interest rate risk management strategy is to use derivative instruments, such as forward-starting interest rate swaps, to minimize significant unanticipated earnings fluctuations that may arise from volatility in interest rates of the company’s borrowings and to manage the interest rate sensitivity of its debt.
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings in the period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.
The maximum term over which the company is hedging exposures to the variability of cash flow (for all forecasted transactions) is 15 months for foreign currency hedges and 39 months for commodity hedges. During the next 12 months, a pretax net gain of approximately $20 million is expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings. During the three and nine months ended May 31, 2012, a pretax loss of $2 million was reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of certain cash flow hedges because it was no longer probable that the forecasted transaction would occur by the end of the originally specified time period. No cash flow hedges were discontinued during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013.
Fair Value Hedges
The company uses commodity futures and options contracts as fair value hedges to manage the value of its soybean inventory. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, both the gain or loss on the derivative and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. No fair value hedges were discontinued during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
The company uses foreign currency contracts to hedge the effects of fluctuations in exchange rates on foreign currency denominated third-party and intercompany receivables and payables. Both the gain or loss on the derivative and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings.
The company uses commodity option contracts to hedge anticipated cash payments to growers in the United States, Mexico and Brazil, which can fluctuate with changes in commodity price. Because these option contracts do not meet the provisions specified by the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, they do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, the gain or loss on these derivatives is recognized in current earnings.
To reduce credit exposure in Latin America, Monsanto collects payments on certain customer accounts in grain. Such payments in grain are negotiated at or near the time Monsanto’s products are sold to the customers and are valued at the prevailing grain commodity prices. By entering into forward sales contracts related to grain, Monsanto mitigates the commodity price exposure from the time a contract is signed with a customer until the time a grain merchant collects the grain from the customer on Monsanto’s behalf. The forward sales contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC. Accordingly, the gain or loss on these derivatives is recognized in current earnings.
Monsanto uses interest rate contracts to minimize the variability of forecasted cash flows arising from the company’s VIE. The interest rate contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the ASC. Accordingly, the gain or loss on these derivatives is recognized in current earnings.
Certain of Monsanto’s grower contracts that include minimum guaranteed payment provisions are considered derivatives under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the ASC. These contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, the gain or loss on these derivatives is recognized in current earnings.
Financial instruments are neither held nor issued by the company for trading purposes.
The notional amounts of the company’s derivative instruments outstanding as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, were as follows:

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Derivatives Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
$
242

 
$
397

Commodity contracts
1,104

 
590

Total Derivatives Designated as Hedges
$
1,346

 
$
987

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
$
1,216

 
$
949

Commodity contracts
506

 
357

Interest rate contracts
156

 
161

Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
$
1,878

 
$
1,467


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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

The fair values of the company’s derivative instruments outstanding as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, were as follows:
  
Balance Sheet Location
Fair Value
 
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
 
2013
 
2012
Asset Derivatives:
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedges:
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
Miscellaneous receivables
$
5

 
$
6

Foreign exchange contracts
Other assets
1

 

Commodity contracts
Other current assets(1)
15

 
70

Commodity contracts
Other assets(1)
6

 
16

Total derivatives designated as hedges
 
27

 
92

Derivatives not designated as hedges:
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
Miscellaneous receivables
7

 
5

Commodity contracts
Trade receivables, net
1

 
12

Commodity contracts
Miscellaneous receivables
6

 
7

Commodity contracts
Other current assets(1)
2

 
4

Total derivatives not designated as hedges
 
16

 
28

Total Asset Derivatives
 
$
43

 
$
120

Liability Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedges:
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
Miscellaneous short-term accruals
$

 
$
3

Commodity contracts
Other current assets(1)
32

 

Commodity contracts
Miscellaneous short-term accruals
8

 
7

Commodity contracts
Other liabilities
3

 
3

Total derivatives designated as hedges
43

 
13

Derivatives not designated as hedges:
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
Miscellaneous short-term accruals
10

 
4

Commodity contracts
Trade receivables, net(1)
7

 
6

Commodity contracts
Other current assets(1)
6

 
6

Commodity contracts
Miscellaneous short-term accruals
2

 
7

Total derivatives not designated as hedges
25

 
23

Total Liability Derivatives
$
68

 
$
36

(1)
As allowed by the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, corn and soybean commodity derivative assets and liabilities have been offset by cash collateral due and paid under a master netting arrangement. Therefore, all commodity contracts that are in an asset or liability position are included in asset accounts within the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position. See Note 14Fair Value Measurements — for a reconciliation to amounts reported in the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

The gains and losses on the company’s derivative instruments were as follows:
 
Amount of Gain  (Loss)
Recognized in AOCI(1) (Effective
Portion)
 
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income(2)(3)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Three Months Ended
 
Statement of Consolidated Operations Classification
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Derivatives Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts(4)
 
 
 
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(2
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
$

 
$
5

 
1

 
(2
)
 
Net sales
Foreign exchange contracts
3

 
11

 
1

 
1

 
Cost of goods sold
Commodity contracts
41

 
(60
)
 
55

 
18

 
Cost of goods sold
Interest rate contracts

 
(32
)
 
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
Interest expense
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedges
44

 
(76
)
 
44

 
13

 
 
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts(5)
 
 
 
 
8

 
(29
)
 
Other expense, net
Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
(2
)
 
3

 
Net sales
Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
(4
)
 
(7
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
 
 
 
 
2

 
(33
)
 
 
Total Derivatives
$
44

 
$
(76
)
 
$
46

 
$
(20
)
 
 
(1)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI).
(2)
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges under the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, this represents the effective portion of the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income during the period.
(3)
Gain on commodity cash flow hedges includes a loss of $1 million and a gain of less than $1 million from ineffectiveness for the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. No gains or losses were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness during the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. Additionally, the gain on commodity cash flow hedges includes a loss from discontinued hedges of $2 million for the three months ended May 31, 2012.
(4)
Loss on commodity fair value hedges is offset by a gain of $5 million and includes a loss of $2 million on the underlying hedged inventory for the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. A loss of $6 million and $4 million was included in cost of goods sold due to ineffectiveness during the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively.
(5)
Gain or loss on foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedges is offset by a foreign currency transaction loss of $21 million and a gain of $23 million during the three months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively.


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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

 
Amount of Gain  (Loss)
Recognized in AOCI (1) (Effective
Portion)
 
Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income(2)(3)
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
Statement of Consolidated Operations Classification
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Derivatives Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts(4)
 
 
 
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(9
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts
$
3

 
$
5

 
(1
)
 
(5
)
 
Net sales
Foreign exchange contracts

 
18

 
3

 
2

 
Cost of goods sold
Commodity contracts
(59
)
 
(144
)
 
115

 
73

 
Cost of goods sold
Interest rate contracts

 
(73
)
 
(9
)
 
(6
)
 
Interest expense
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedges
(56
)
 
(194
)
 
98

 
55

 
 
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange contracts(5)
 
 
 
 
38

 
(41
)
 
Other expense, net
Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
(9
)
 

 
Net sales
Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
(3
)
 
(16
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Total Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
 
 
 
 
26

 
(57
)
 
 
Total Derivatives
$
(56
)
 
$
(194
)
 
$
124

 
$
(2
)
 
 
(1)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI).
(2)
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges under the Derivatives and Hedging topic of the ASC, this represents the effective portion of the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income during the period.
(3)
Gain on commodity cash flow hedges includes a loss of $3 million and a gain of $1 million from ineffectiveness for the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. No gains or losses were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. Additionally, the gain on commodity cash flow hedges includes a loss from discontinued hedges of $2 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2012.
(4)
Loss on commodity fair value hedges is offset by a gain of $1 million and $3 million on the underlying hedged inventory during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively. A loss of $10 million and $6 million was included in cost of goods sold due to ineffectiveness during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively.
(5)
Gain or loss on foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedges is offset by a foreign currency transaction loss of $103 million and a gain of $29 million during the nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, respectively.
Several of the company’s outstanding foreign-currency derivatives are covered by International Swap Dealers’ Association (ISDA) Master Agreements with the counterparties. There are no requirements to post collateral under these agreements; however, should Monsanto’s credit rating fall below a specified rating immediately following the merger of the company with another entity, the counterparty may require all outstanding derivatives under the ISDA Master Agreement to be settled immediately at current market value, which equals carrying value. Foreign-currency derivatives that are not covered by ISDA Master Agreements do not have credit-risk-related contingent provisions. Most of Monsanto’s outstanding commodity derivatives are listed commodity futures, and the company is required by the relevant commodity exchange to post collateral each day to cover the change in the fair value of these futures in the case of an unrealized loss position. Non-exchange-traded commodity derivatives are covered by the aforementioned ISDA Master Agreements and are subject to the same credit-risk-related contingent provisions. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments under ISDA Master Agreements that are in a liability position was $13 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, which is the amount that would be required for settlement if the credit-risk-related contingent provisions underlying these agreements were triggered.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

Credit Risk Management
Monsanto invests its excess cash in deposits with major banks or money market funds throughout the world in high-quality short-term debt instruments. Such investments are made only in instruments issued or enhanced by high-quality institutions. As of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, the company had no financial instruments that represented a significant concentration of credit risk. Limited amounts are invested in any single institution to minimize risk. The company has not incurred any credit risk losses related to those investments.
The company sells a broad range of agricultural products to a diverse group of customers throughout the world. In the United States, the company makes substantial sales to relatively few large wholesale customers. The company’s business is highly seasonal, and it is subject to weather conditions that affect commodity prices and seed yields. Credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation, and account monitoring procedures are used to minimize the risk of loss. Collateral is secured when it is deemed appropriate by the company.
Monsanto regularly evaluates its business practices to minimize its credit risk and periodically engages multiple banks in the United States, Argentina, Brazil and Europe in the development of customer financing options that involve direct bank financing of customer purchases. For further information on these programs, see Note 4Customer Financing Programs.
NOTE 16.
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS — PENSIONS, HEALTH CARE AND OTHER
Most of Monsanto’s U.S. employees hired prior to July 8, 2012, are covered by noncontributory pension plans sponsored by the company. Effective July 8, 2012, the U.S. pension plan was closed to new entrants; there were no changes to the U.S. pension plan for eligible employees hired prior to that date. The company also provides certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for retired employees through insurance contracts. The company’s net periodic benefit cost for pension benefits and health care and other postretirement benefits include the following components:
  
Three Months Ended May 31, 2013
 
Three Months Ended May 31, 2012
Pension Benefits
(Dollars in millions)
U.S.
 
Outside the
U.S.
 
Total
 
U.S.
 
Outside the
U.S.
 
Total
Service Cost for Benefits Earned During the Period
$
17

 
$
2

 
$
19

 
$
12

 
$
2

 
$
14

Interest Cost on Benefit Obligation
19

 
2

 
21

 
18

 
3

 
21

Assumed Return on Plan Assets
(34
)
 
(3
)
 
(37
)
 
(26
)
 
(3
)
 
(29
)
Amortization of Unrecognized Net Loss
18

 
2

 
20

 
13

 
1

 
14

Curtailment and Settlement Charge

 
1

 
1

 

 
2

 
2

Total Net Periodic Benefit Cost
$
20

 
$
4

 
$
24

 
$
17

 
$
5

 
$
22

  
Nine Months Ended May 31, 2013
 
Nine Months Ended May 31, 2012
Pension Benefits
(Dollars in millions)
U.S.
 
Outside the
U.S.
 
Total
 
U.S.
 
Outside the
U.S.
 
Total
Service Cost for Benefits Earned During the Period
$
53

 
$
7

 
$
60

 
$
46

 
$
6

 
$
52

Interest Cost on Benefit Obligation
59

 
6

 
65

 
70

 
9

 
79

Assumed Return on Plan Assets
(106
)
 
(7
)
 
(113
)
 
(101
)
 
(9
)
 
(110
)
Amortization of Unrecognized Net Loss
56

 
4

 
60

 
50

 
3

 
53

Curtailment and Settlement Charge

 
3

 
3

 

 
6

 
6

Total Net Periodic Benefit Cost
$
62

 
$
13

 
$
75

 
$
65

 
$
15

 
$
80


27

Table of Contents

MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

Health Care and Other Postretirement Benefits
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Service Cost for Benefits Earned During the Period
$
1

 
$
2

 
$
7

 
$
7

Interest Cost on Benefit Obligation
1

 
2

 
4

 
7

Amortization of Unrecognized Net Gain
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(4
)
 
(5
)
Total Net Periodic Benefit Cost
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
7

 
$
9

Monsanto contributed $36 million to its U.S. qualified plan in the nine month period ended May 31, 2013, and $40 million in the nine month period ended May 31, 2012. Monsanto contributed $12 million to plans outside the United States in the nine month period ended May 31, 2013, and $11 million in the nine month period ended May 31, 2012. As of May 31, 2013, management expects to make additional contributions of approximately $24 million and $4 million to the company’s pension plans in the United States and outside the United States, respectively, during the remainder of fiscal year 2013.
Employee Savings Plan
The Monsanto leveraged employee stock ownership plan debt was restructured in December 2004 and November 2008 to level out the future allocation of stock thereunder in an impartial manner intended to ensure equitable treatment for and generally to be in the best interests of current and future plan participants consistent with the level of benefits that Monsanto intended for the plan to provide to participants. To that end, the terms of the restructuring were determined pursuant to an arm’s length negotiation between Monsanto and an independent trust company serving as fiduciary for the plan for this restructuring. In this role, the independent fiduciary determined that the restructuring, including certain financial commitments and enhancements that were made or will be made in the future by Monsanto to benefit participants and beneficiaries of the plan, was completed in accordance with the best interests of plan participants. As a result of these enhancements, a liability due to the Monsanto Savings and Investment Plan from the company of $19 million and $60 million was recorded as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively. As of May 31, 2013, the entire balance was considered short-term and is included in accrued compensation and benefits on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position. As of Aug. 31, 2012, $56 million was considered short-term, while the remaining balance was considered long-term and is included in other liabilities on the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position.
NOTE 17.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
The following table shows total stock-based compensation expense included in the Statements of Consolidated Operations for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012. Stock-based compensation cost capitalized in inventory was $3 million and $6 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively.
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Cost of Goods Sold
$
2

 
$
3

 
$
9

 
$
15

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
19

 
20

 
52

 
63

Research and Development Expenses
5

 
7

 
15

 
23

Pre-Tax Stock-Based Compensation Expense
26

 
30

 
76

 
101

Income Tax Benefit
(9
)
 
(10
)
 
(26
)
 
(34
)
Net Stock-Based Compensation Expense
$
17

 
$
20

 
$
50

 
$
67


28

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation activity for and as of the nine months ended May 31, 2013, for employees under the Monsanto Company 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective Jan. 24, 2012 (2005 LTIP), and for directors under the Monsanto Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Compensation Plan (Director Plan):
 
 
2005 LTIP
 
Director Plan
 
Stock
Options

 
Restricted
Stock Units

 
Deferred
Stock

 
Restricted
Stock

Granted
1,904,620

 
559,294

 
17,408

 
4,651

Weighted-average grant date fair value
$
21.45

 
$
88.57

 
$
87.58

 
$
96.06

Pre-tax unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures as applicable
$
48.7

 
$
64.2

 
$
0.4

 
$
0.4

Remaining weighted-average period of expense recognition/requisite service periods in years
1.8

 
2.1

 
0.3

 
1.8

NOTE 18.
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss is as follows:
 
 
As of May 31,
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013
 
2012
Accumulated Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
$
(622
)
 
$
(602
)
Net Unrealized Gain on Investments, Net of Tax
6

 
5

Net Accumulated Derivative (Loss) / Gain, Net of Tax
(73
)
 
29

Postretirement Benefit Plan Activity, Net of Tax
(433
)
 
(468
)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
$
(1,122
)
 
$
(1,036
)
NOTE 19.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share (EPS) was computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods shown in the table below. The diluted EPS computation takes into account the effect of dilutive potential common shares, as shown in the table below. Potential common shares consist primarily of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and directors’ deferred shares calculated using the treasury stock method and are excluded if their effect is antidilutive. Of those antidilutive options, certain options were excluded from the computations of dilutive potential common shares as their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares for the period.

Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Shares in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Weighted-Average Number of Common Shares
534.1

 
532.9

 
534.5

 
534.2

Dilutive Potential Common Shares
5.9

 
5.9

 
6.2

 
6.0

Antidilutive Potential Common Shares
1.9

 
6.7

 
1.9

 
6.9

Shares Excluded From Computation of Dilutive Potential Shares with Exercise Prices greater than the Average Market Price of Common Shares for the Period
0.1

 
4.5

 
0.1

 
6.7


29

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

NOTE 20.SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash payments for interest and taxes were as follows:
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Interest
$
114

 
$
112

Taxes
673

 
513

NOTE 21.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Environmental and Litigation Liabilities: Monsanto is involved in environmental remediation and legal proceedings to which we are party in our own name and proceedings to which our former parent Pharmacia LLC or its former subsidiary Solutia, Inc. is a party but that we manage and for which we are responsible. In addition, Monsanto has liabilities established for various product claims. With respect to certain of these proceedings, Monsanto has a liability recorded of $278 million and $270 million as of May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively, for the estimated contingent liabilities. Information regarding the environmental liabilities appears in Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
Litigation: The above liability includes amounts related to certain third-party litigation with respect to Monsanto’s business, as well as tort litigation related to Pharmacia’s former chemical business, including lawsuits involving polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, and other chemical and premises liability litigation. Additional matters that are not reflected in the liability may arise in the future, and Monsanto may manage, settle, or pay judgments or damages with respect thereto in order to mitigate contesting potential liability. Following is a description of one of the more significant litigation matters reflected in the liability.
As described in our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012, and Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended Nov. 30, 2012, and Feb. 28, 2013, on Dec. 17, 2004, 15 plaintiffs filed a purported class action lawsuit, styled Virdie Allen, et al. v. Monsanto, et al., in the Putnam County, West Virginia, state court against Monsanto, Pharmacia and seven other defendants. Monsanto is named as the successor in interest to the liabilities of Pharmacia. The alleged class consists of all current and former residents, workers, and students who, between 1949 and the present, were allegedly exposed to dioxins/furans contamination in counties surrounding Nitro, West Virginia. The complaint alleges that the source of the contamination is a chemical plant in Nitro, formerly owned and operated by Pharmacia and later by Flexsys, a joint venture between Solutia and Akzo Nobel Chemicals, Inc. (Akzo Nobel). Akzo Nobel and Flexsys were named defendants in the case but Solutia was not, due to its then pending bankruptcy proceeding. The suit seeks damages for property cleanup costs, loss of real estate value, funds to test property for contamination levels, funds to test for human exposure, and future medical monitoring costs. The complaint also seeks an injunction against further contamination and punitive damages. Monsanto has agreed to indemnify and defend Akzo Nobel and the Flexsys defendant group, but on May 27, 2011, the judge dismissed both Akzo Nobel and Flexsys from the case. The class action certification hearing was held on Oct. 29, 2007. On Jan. 8, 2008, the trial court issued an order certifying the Allen (now Zina G. Bibb et al. v. Monsanto et al., because Bibb replaced Allen as class representative) case as a class action for property damage and for medical monitoring. On Nov. 2, 2011, the court, in response to defense motions, entered an order decertifying the property class. After the trial for the Bibb medical monitoring class action began on Jan. 3, 2012, the parties reached a settlement in principle as to both the medical monitoring and the property class claims. The proposed settlement provides for a 30 year medical monitoring program consisting of a primary fund of up to $21 million and an additional fund of up to $63 million over the life of the program, and a three year property remediation plan with funding up to $9 million. On Feb. 24, 2012, the court preliminarily approved the parties’ proposed settlement. A fairness hearing was held June 18, 2012, resulting in the trial court's final approval of the settlement, however, that final approval has been appealed by two objectors to the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals.
In October 2007 and November 2009, a total of approximately 200 separate, single plaintiff civil actions were filed in Putnam County, West Virginia, against Monsanto, Pharmacia, Akzo Nobel (and several of its affiliates), Flexsys America Co. (and several of its affiliates), Solutia, and Apogee Coal Company, LLC. These cases allege personal injury occasioned by exposure to dioxin generated by the Nitro Plant during production of 2,4,5T (1949-1969) and thereafter. Monsanto has agreed to accept the tenders of defense in the matters by Pharmacia, Solutia, Akzo Nobel, Flexsys America, and Apogee Coal under a reservation of rights. During the discovery phase of these several claims, the parties reached an agreement in principle to resolve all pending personal injury claims which is reflected in the above liability.

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

Including litigation reflected in the liability, Monsanto is involved in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business or pursuant to Monsanto’s indemnification obligations to Pharmacia, as well as proceedings that management has considered to be material under SEC regulations. Some of the lawsuits seek damages in very large amounts, or seek to restrict the company’s business activities. Monsanto believes that it has meritorious legal arguments and will continue to represent its interests vigorously in all of the proceedings that it is defending or prosecuting. Management does not anticipate the ultimate liabilities resulting from such proceedings, or the proceedings reflected in the above liability, will have a material adverse effect on Monsanto’s consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows or liquidity.
Legal actions have been filed in Brazil that raise issues challenging the right to collect certain royalties for Roundup Ready soybeans. Although Brazilian law clearly states that the pipeline patents protecting these products have the duration of the corresponding U.S. patent (2014 for Roundup Ready soybeans), the duration (and application) of these pipeline patents is currently under judicial review in Brazil. Monsanto believes it has meritorious legal arguments and will continue to represent its interests vigorously in these proceedings. The current estimate of the company’s reasonably possible loss contingency is not material to consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows or liquidity.
Guarantees: Disclosures regarding the guarantees Monsanto provides for certain customer loans in the United States, Brazil, Europe, and Argentina can be found in Note 4 — Customer Financing Programs — of this Form 10-Q. Except as described in that note, there have been no significant changes to guarantees made by Monsanto since Aug. 31, 2012. Disclosures regarding these guarantees made by Monsanto can be found in Note 26 — Commitments and Contingencies — of the notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
NOTE 22.
SEGMENT INFORMATION
Monsanto conducts its worldwide operations through global businesses, which are aggregated into reportable segments based on similarity of products, production processes, customers, distribution methods and economic characteristics. The operating segments are aggregated into two reportable segments: Seeds and Genomics and Agricultural Productivity. The Seeds and Genomics segment consists of the global seeds and related traits businesses and biotechnology platforms. Within the Seeds and Genomics segment, Monsanto’s significant operating segments are corn seed and traits, soybean seed and traits, cotton seed and traits, vegetable seeds and all other crops seeds and traits. The Agricultural Productivity reportable segment consists of the Agricultural Productivity operating segment. EBIT is defined as earnings before interest and taxes and is an operating performance measure for the two reportable segments. EBIT is useful to management in demonstrating the operational profitability of the segments by excluding interest and taxes, which are generally accounted for across the entire company on a consolidated basis. Sales between segments were not significant. Certain SG&A expenses are allocated between segments based on the segment’s relative contribution to total Monsanto operations. Allocation percentages remain consistent for fiscal years 2012 and 2013.

31

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MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

Data for the Seeds and Genomics and Agricultural Productivity reportable segments, as well as for Monsanto’s significant operating segments, is presented in the table that follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Net Sales(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corn seed and traits
$
1,559

 
$
1,515

 
$
5,978

 
$
5,226

Soybean seed and traits
658

 
698

 
1,566

 
1,629

Cotton seed and traits
385

 
490

 
630

 
750

Vegetable seeds
216

 
195

 
571

 
567

All other crops seeds and traits
236

 
230

 
410

 
414

Total Seeds and Genomics
$
3,054

 
$
3,128

 
$
9,155

 
$
8,586

Agricultural productivity
1,194

 
1,091

 
3,504

 
2,820

Total Agricultural Productivity
$
1,194

 
$
1,091

 
$
3,504

 
$
2,820

Total
$
4,248

 
$
4,219

 
$
12,659

 
$
11,406

Gross Profit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corn seed and traits
$
859

 
$
927

 
$
3,628

 
$
3,305

Soybean seed and traits
398

 
463

 
911

 
1,079

Cotton seed and traits
295

 
385

 
466

 
567

Vegetable seeds
93

 
94

 
282

 
260

All other crops seeds and traits
170

 
152

 
252

 
217

Total Seeds and Genomics
$
1,815

 
$
2,021

 
$
5,539

 
$
5,428

Agricultural productivity
447

 
342

 
1,190

 
736

Total Agricultural Productivity
$
447

 
$
342

 
$
1,190

 
$
736

Total
$
2,262

 
$
2,363

 
$
6,729

 
$
6,164

EBIT(2)(3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Seeds and Genomics
$
920

 
$
1,111

 
$
2,980

 
$
2,957

Agricultural Productivity
284

 
190

 
810

 
354

Total
$
1,204

 
$
1,301

 
$
3,790

 
$
3,311

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Seeds and Genomics
$
123

 
$
127

 
$
369

 
$
382

Agricultural Productivity
29

 
28

 
88

 
84

Total
$
152

 
$
155

 
$
457

 
$
466

(1)
Represents net sales from continuing operations.
(2)
EBIT is defined as earnings before interest and taxes; see the following table for reconciliation. Earnings is intended to mean net income as presented in the Statements of Consolidated Operations under generally accepted accounting principles. EBIT is an operating performance measure for the two reportable segments.
(3)
Agricultural Productivity EBIT includes income from operations of discontinued businesses of $17 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2013. Agricultural Productivity EBIT includes a loss from operations of discontinued businesses of $3 million for the three months ended May 31, 2012, and income from operations of discontinued businesses of $8 million for the nine months ended May 31, 2012.



32

Table of Contents

MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – UNAUDITED (continued)

A reconciliation of EBIT to net income for each period follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
EBIT(1)
$
1,204

 
$
1,301

 
$
3,790

 
$
3,311

Interest Expense — Net
18

 
18

 
54

 
80

Income Tax Provision(2)
277

 
346

 
1,005

 
957

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
909

 
$
937

 
$
2,731

 
$
2,274

(1)
Includes the income from operations of discontinued businesses and pre-tax noncontrolling interests.
(2)
Includes the income tax benefit on noncontrolling interest and the income tax provision (benefit) on discontinued operations.
NOTE 23.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On June 6, 2013, the board of directors declared a quarterly dividend on its common shares of 37.5 cents per share. The dividend is payable on July 26, 2013, to shareholders of record on July 5, 2013. The board of directors also authorized a new share repurchase program, effective July 1, 2013, for up to $2 billion of the company's common stock over a three-year period.
Other subsequent events are described in Note 3Business Combinations and Note 5Variable Interest Entities.

33

Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
Background
Monsanto Company, along with its subsidiaries, is a leading global provider of agricultural products for farmers. Our seeds, biotechnology trait products and herbicides provide farmers with solutions that help improve productivity, reduce the costs of farming and produce better foods for consumers and better feed for animals.
We manage our business in two segments: Seeds and Genomics and Agricultural Productivity. Through our Seeds and Genomics segment, we produce leading seed brands, including DEKALB, Asgrow, Deltapine, Seminis and De Ruiter, and we develop biotechnology traits that assist farmers in controlling insects and weeds. We also provide other seed companies with genetic material and biotechnology traits for their seed brands. Through our Agricultural Productivity segment, we manufacture Roundup and Harness brand herbicides and other herbicides.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) should be read in conjunction with Monsanto’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. This Report on Form 10-Q should also be read in conjunction with Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012. Financial information for the first nine months of fiscal year 2013 should not be annualized because of the seasonality of our business. The notes to the consolidated financial statements referred to throughout this MD&A are included in Part I — Item 1 — Financial Statements — of this Report on Form 10-Q. Unless otherwise indicated, “Monsanto,” the “company,” “we,” “our” and “us” are used interchangeably to refer to Monsanto Company or to Monsanto Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, as appropriate to the context. Unless otherwise indicated, “earnings per share” and “per share” mean diluted earnings per share. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts and analyses are based on continuing operations. Unless otherwise indicated, references to “Roundup herbicides” mean Roundup branded herbicides, excluding all lawn-and-garden herbicides, and references to “Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides” exclude all lawn-and-garden herbicides.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), as well as two other financial measures, EBIT and free cash flow, that are considered “non-GAAP financial measures.” Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance, financial position or cash flows that exclude (or include) amounts that are included in (or excluded from) the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. The presentation of EBIT and free cash flow information is intended to supplement investors’ understanding of our operating performance and liquidity. Our EBIT and free cash flow measures may not be comparable to other companies’ EBIT and free cash flow measures. Furthermore, these measures are not intended to replace net income (loss), cash flows, financial position, or comprehensive income (loss), as determined in accordance with GAAP.
EBIT is defined as earnings (loss) before interest and taxes. Earnings (loss) is intended to mean net income (loss) attributable to Monsanto as presented in the Statements of Consolidated Operations under GAAP. EBIT is an operating performance measure for our two business segments. We believe that EBIT is useful to investors and management to demonstrate the operational profitability of our segments by excluding interest and taxes, which are generally accounted for across the entire company on a consolidated basis. EBIT is also one of the measures used by Monsanto management to determine resource allocations within the company. See Note 22 — Segment Information — for a reconciliation of EBIT to net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012.
We also provide information regarding free cash flow, an important liquidity measure for Monsanto. We define free cash flow as the total of net cash provided or required by operating activities and net cash provided or required by investing activities. Free cash flow does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. We believe that free cash flow is useful to investors and management as a measure of the ability of our business to generate cash. Once business needs and obligations are met, this cash can be used to reinvest in the company for future growth or to return to our shareowners through dividend payments or share repurchases. Free cash flow is also used by management as one of the performance measures in determining incentive compensation. See the “Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources - Cash Flow” section of MD&A for a reconciliation of free cash flow to net cash provided by operating activities and net cash required by investing activities on the Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows.

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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Executive Summary
Consolidated Operating Results — Net sales increased $29 million in the three-month comparison and $1,253 million, or 11 percent, in the nine-month comparison. The primary contributor to the increase in the first nine months of 2013 is both our global corn business and our Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides businesses. In both of these businesses we have achieved pricing and volume benefits. Net income attributable to Monsanto Company in the first nine months of 2013 was $5.05 per share, compared with $4.21 per share in the first nine months of 2012.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources — In the first nine months of 2013, net cash provided by operating activities was $786 million, compared with $853 million in the first nine months of 2012. Net cash required by investing activities was $387 million in the first nine months of 2013 compared with $542 million in the first nine months of 2012. Free cash flow was $399 million in the first nine months of 2013 compared with $311 million in the first nine months of 2012. For a detailed discussion of the factors affecting the free cash flow comparison, see the "Cash Flow" section of the "Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Capital Resources" section in this MD&A.
Outlook — We plan to continue to innovate and improve our products in order to maintain market leadership and to support near-term performance. We are focused on applying innovation and technology to make our farmer customers more productive and profitable by protecting yields and improving the ways they can produce food, fiber, feed and fuel. We use the tools of modern biology in an effort to make seeds easier to grow, to allow farmers to do more with fewer resources, and to help produce healthier foods for consumers. Our current research and development (R&D) strategy and commercial priorities are focused on bringing our farmer customers second- and third-generation traits, on delivering multiple solutions in one seed (“stacking”) and on developing new pipeline products. Our capabilities in biotechnology and breeding research are generating a rich product pipeline that is expected to drive long-term growth. The viability of our product pipeline depends in part on the speed of regulatory approvals globally and on continued patent and legal rights to offer our products.
Roundup herbicides remain the largest crop protection brand globally. We have oriented the focus of Monsanto’s crop protection business to strategically support Monsanto’s Roundup Ready crops through our weed management platform that delivers weed control offerings for farmers. We are focused on managing the costs associated with our agricultural chemistry business as that sector matures globally.
See the “Outlook” section of MD&A for a more detailed discussion of some of the opportunities and risks we have identified for our business. For additional information related to the outlook for Monsanto, see “Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Report on Form 10-Q, Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors below and Part I — Item 1A of our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
New Accounting Pronouncements — See Note 2 — New Accounting Standards — for a description of recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements, including the dates of adoption and impacts on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows, as applicable.

35

Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
  
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
Net Sales
$
4,248

 
$
4,219

 
1
 %
 
$
12,659

 
$
11,406

 
11
 %
Cost of goods sold
1,986

 
1,856

 
7
 %
 
5,930

 
5,242

 
13
 %
Gross Profit
2,262

 
2,363

 
(4
)%
 
6,729

 
6,164

 
9
 %
Operating Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
632

 
638

 
(1
)%
 
1,773

 
1,681

 
5
 %
Research and development expenses
392

 
375

 
5
 %
 
1,097

 
1,079

 
2
 %
Total Operating Expenses
1,024

 
1,013

 
1
 %
 
2,870

 
2,760

 
4
 %
Income from Operations
1,238

 
1,350

 
(8
)%
 
3,859

 
3,404

 
13
 %
Interest expense
37

 
39

 
(5
)%
 
123

 
139

 
(12
)%
Interest income
(19
)
 
(21
)
 
(10
)%
 
(69
)
 
(59
)
 
17
 %
Other (income) expense, net
(4
)
 
3

 
NM

 
35

 
46

 
(24
)%
Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes
1,224

 
1,329

 
(8
)%
 
3,770

 
3,278

 
15
 %
Income tax provision
292

 
361

 
(19
)%
 
1,017

 
971

 
5
 %
Income from Continuing Operations Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
932

 
968

 
(4
)%
 
2,753

 
2,307

 
19
 %
Discontinued Operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations of discontinued businesses

 
(3
)
 
NM

 
17

 
8

 
NM

Income tax provision (benefit)

 
(1
)
 
NM

 
6

 
3

 
NM

Income (loss) from Discontinued Operations

 
(2
)
 
NM

 
11

 
5

 
NM

Net Income
$
932

 
$
966

 
(4
)%
 
$
2,764

 
$
2,312

 
20
 %
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
23

 
29

 
NM

 
33

 
38

 
NM

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
909

 
$
937

 
(3
)%
 
$
2,731

 
$
2,274

 
20
 %
Diluted Earnings per Share Attributable to Monsanto Company:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
1.68

 
$
1.74

 
(3
)%
 
$
5.03

 
$
4.20

 
20
 %
Income from discontinued operations

 

 
NM

 
0.02

 
0.01

 
NM

Net Income Attributable to Monsanto Company
$
1.68

 
$
1.74

 
(3
)%
 
$
5.05

 
$
4.21

 
20
 %
NM = Not Meaningful
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective Tax Rate
24
%
 
27
%
 
 
 
27
%
 
30
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comparison as a Percent of Net Sales:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Cost of Goods Sold
47
%
 
44
%
 
 
 
47
%
 
46
%
 
 
   Gross Profit
53
%
 
56
%
 
 
 
53
%
 
54
%
 
 
   Selling, general and administrative expenses
15
%
 
15
%
 
 
 
14
%
 
15
%
 
 
   Research and development expenses
9
%
 
9
%
 
 
 
9
%
 
9
%
 
 
   Total operating expenses
24
%
 
24
%
 
 
 
23
%
 
24
%
 
 
   Income from continuing operations before income taxes
29
%
 
32
%
 
 
 
30
%
 
29
%
 
 
   Net income attributable to Monsanto Company
21
%
 
22
%
 
 
 
22
%
 
20
%
 
 


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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2013
The following explanations discuss the significant components of our results of operations that affected the quarter-to-quarter comparison of our third quarter income from continuing operations:
Net sales remained flat in third quarter 2013 from the same quarter a year ago. Our Seeds and Genomics segment net sales decreased 2 percent, and our Agricultural Productivity segment net sales increased 9 percent. The following table presents the percentage changes in third quarter 2013 worldwide net sales by segment compared with net sales in the prior-year quarter, including the effect volume, price and currency had on these percentage changes:
  
Third Quarter 2013 Percentage Change in Net Sales vs. Third Quarter 2012
 
Volume
 
Price
 
Currency
 
Total
 
Seeds and Genomics Segment
(3
)%
 
1
%
 
 %
 
(2
)%
 
Agricultural Productivity Segment
 %
 
11
%
 
(2
)%
 
9
 %
 
Total Monsanto Company
(2
)%
 
4
%
 
(1
)%
 
1
 %
 
Cost of goods sold for the total company increased $130 million in the three-month comparison. Cost of goods sold as a percent of net sales for the total company increased 3 percentage points to 47 percent. The following table represents the percentage changes in third quarter 2013 worldwide cost of goods sold by segment compared with cost of goods sold in the prior-year quarter, including the effect volume, input costs and currency had on these percentage changes:
  
Third Quarter 2013 Percentage Change in Cost of Goods Sold vs. Third Quarter 2012
 
Volume
 
Input Costs
 
Currency
 
Total
 
Seeds and Genomics Segment
1
%
 
11
%
 
 %
 
12
%
 
Agricultural Productivity Segment
2
%
 
%
 
(2
)%
 
%
 
Total Monsanto Company
1
%
 
7
%
 
(1
)%
 
7
%
 
Gross profit decreased $101 million in the three-month comparison. Gross profit as a percent of net sales for the total company decreased 3 percentage points to 53 percent in the third quarter 2013.
For a detailed discussion of the factors affecting net sales, cost of goods sold and gross profit comparison, see the “Seeds and Genomics Segment” and the “Agricultural Productivity Segment” sections.
Operating expenses increased $11 million in the third quarter 2013 compared to the prior-year comparable quarter. As a percent of net sales, selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses remained flat at 15 percent, and R&D expenses remained flat at 9 percent.
Income tax provision was $292 million in third quarter 2013, a decrease of $69 million from the prior-year quarter, primarily as a result of the decrease in pretax income and a higher discrete tax benefit. The effective tax rate decreased to 24 percent from 27 percent in third quarter 2012. We recorded a discrete tax benefit of $93 million during third quarter 2013. The majority of this benefit resulted from the favorable resolution of tax matters, including legacy matters of $11 million. Third quarter 2012 included several discrete tax adjustments resulting in a tax benefit of $68 million. The majority of this benefit resulted from the favorable resolution of tax matters, including legacy matters of $62 million, and the expiration of statutes in various jurisdictions, partially offset by deferred tax adjustments. Without the discrete items, our effective tax rate for third quarter 2013 would still have been lower than the 2012 rate primarily due to the extension of the R&D credit pursuant to the enactment of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 on January 2, 2013.


37

Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

First Nine Months of Fiscal Year 2013
The following explanations discuss the significant components of our results of operations that affected the nine-month comparison of our first nine months of fiscal years 2013 and 2012 income from continuing operations:
Net sales increased 11 percent in the first nine months of 2013 from the same period a year ago. Our Seeds and Genomics segment net sales increased 7 percent, and our Agricultural Productivity segment net sales increased 24 percent. The following table presents the percentage changes in the first nine months of 2013 worldwide net sales by segment compared with net sales in the prior-year first nine months, including the effect volume, price and currency had on these percentage changes:
  
First Nine Months 2013 Percentage Change in Net Sales vs. First Nine Months 2012
 
Volume
 
Price
 
Currency
 
Total
 
Seeds and Genomics Segment
3
%
 
5
%
 
(1
)%
 
7
%
 
Agricultural Productivity Segment
11
%
 
17
%
 
(4
)%
 
24
%
 
Total Monsanto Company
5
%
 
8
%
 
(2
)%
 
11
%
 
Cost of goods sold increased $688 million in the first nine months of 2013 from the same period a year ago. Cost of goods sold as a percent of net sales for the total company increased 1 percentage point to 47 percent. The following table represents the percentage changes in the first nine months of 2013 worldwide cost of goods sold by segment compared with cost of goods sold in the prior-year first nine months, including the effect volume, input costs and currency had on these percentage changes:
  
First Nine Months 2013 Percentage Change in Cost of Goods Sold vs. First Nine Months 2012
 
Volume
 
Input Costs
 
Currency
 
Total
 
Seeds and Genomics Segment
5
%
 
12
%
 
(2
)%
 
15
%
 
Agricultural Productivity Segment
9
%
 
5
%
 
(3
)%
 
11
%
 
Total Monsanto Company
6
%
 
9
%
 
(2
)%
 
13
%
 
Gross profit increased $565 million in the first nine months of 2013. Gross profit as a percent of net sales for the total company decreased 1 percentage point to 53 percent in the first nine months of 2013.
For a detailed discussion of the factors affecting net sales, cost of goods sold and gross profit comparison, see the “Seeds and Genomics Segment” and the “Agricultural Productivity Segment” sections.
Operating expenses increased 4 percent, or $110 million, in the first nine months of 2013 from the prior-year comparable period. In the nine-month comparison, SG&A expenses increased 5 percent primarily because of higher spending for commissions, marketing and administrative functions. R&D expenses increased 2 percent from the prior-year comparable period due to increased investment in our product pipeline. As a percent of net sales, SG&A expenses decreased 1 percentage point to 14 percent, and R&D expenses remained flat at 9 percent.
Other expense, net decreased $11 million in the first nine months of 2013 compared to the prior-year comparable period due to a legal settlement that was recorded in the prior year, offset by foreign currency activity.
Income tax provision was $1,017 million in the first nine months of 2013, an increase of $46 million from the prior-year comparable period, primarily as a result of the increase in pretax income from continuing operations, offset by a higher discrete tax benefit. The effective tax rate decreased to 27 percent from 30 percent in the prior period. The first nine months of 2013 included several discrete tax adjustments resulting in a tax benefit of $140 million. The majority of this benefit resulted from the favorable resolution of tax matters, including legacy matters of $11 million, a capital loss from a deemed liquidation of a subsidiary and the retroactive extension of the R&D credit pursuant to the enactment of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 on January 2, 2013. The first nine months of 2012 included several discrete tax adjustments resulting in a tax benefit of $65 million. The majority of this benefit resulted from the favorable resolution of tax matters, including legacy matters of $62 million, and the expiration of statutes in various jurisdictions, partially offset by deferred tax adjustments and tax reserves established in multiple jurisdictions. Without the discrete items, our effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2013 would still have been lower than the 2012 rate primarily due to the extension of the R&D credit.

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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

SEEDS AND GENOMICS SEGMENT
  
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
Net Sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corn seed and traits
$
1,559

 
$
1,515

 
3
 %
 
$
5,978

 
$
5,226

 
14
 %
Soybean seed and traits
658

 
698

 
(6
)%
 
1,566

 
1,629

 
(4
)%
Cotton seed and traits
385

 
490

 
(21
)%
 
630

 
750

 
(16
)%
Vegetable seeds
216

 
195

 
11
 %
 
571

 
567

 
1
 %
All other crops seeds and traits
236

 
230

 
3
 %
 
410

 
414

 
(1
)%
Total Net Sales
$
3,054

 
$
3,128

 
(2
)%
 
$
9,155

 
$
8,586

 
7
 %
Gross Profit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corn seed and traits
$
859

 
$
927

 
(7
)%
 
$
3,628

 
$
3,305

 
10
 %
Soybean seed and traits
398

 
463

 
(14
)%
 
911

 
1,079

 
(16
)%
Cotton seed and traits
295

 
385

 
(23
)%
 
466

 
567

 
(18
)%
Vegetable seeds
93

 
94

 
(1
)%
 
282

 
260

 
8
 %
All other crops seeds and traits
170

 
152

 
12
 %
 
252

 
217

 
16
 %
Total Gross Profit
$
1,815

 
$
2,021

 
(10
)%
 
$
5,539

 
$
5,428

 
2
 %
EBIT(1)
$
920

 
$
1,111

 
(17
)%
 
$
2,980

 
$
2,957

 
1
 %
(1)
EBIT is defined as earnings before interest and taxes. Interest and taxes are recorded on a total company basis. We do not record these items at the segment level. See Note 22 — Segment Information and the “Overview — Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of MD&A for further details.
Seeds and Genomics Financial Performance — Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2013
The net sales decrease of $40 million in soybean seed and traits was primarily driven by the reduction in revenue in Brazil due to decreased collections of Roundup Ready royalties partially offset by increases in pricing in the United States from improved germplasm and trait mix.
The net sales decrease of $105 million in cotton seed and traits is the result of lower planted acres in the United States primarily due to decreased cotton commodity prices as well as lower volumes in India.
The net sales increase of $21 million in vegetables seeds was primarily driven by higher tomato sales in Europe, Mexico and China.
Cost of goods sold in the Seeds and Genomics segment primarily represents field growing, plant processing and distribution costs. Cost of goods sold increased $132 million, or 12 percent, to $1,239 million in the third quarter 2013 compared to $1,107 million in the third quarter 2012. The increase was primarily the result of higher plant processing and field costs, driven by lower production yields and higher winter production resulting from drought conditions in the summer of 2012, commodity prices, and inflation. 
Gross profit as a percent of sales for this segment decreased 6 percentage points to 59 percent in the quarter-over-quarter comparison. Gross profit decreased $206 million in the third quarter 2013.
Gross profit for corn seed and traits decreased 7 percent compared to a 3 percent increase in net sales. This decrease is the result of increased manufacturing costs as discussed above.
Gross profit for vegetable seeds decreased 1 percent despite the 11 percent increase in net sales. This decrease is primarily the result of an increase in inventory obsolescence.
Seeds and Genomics Financial Performance — First Nine Months Fiscal Year 2013
The net sales increase of $752 million in corn seed and traits was primarily driven by an increase in the United States, Europe, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa and Argentina. In the United States, Argentina, South Africa and Brazil prices were higher due to improved germplasm and trait mix. Increases in pricing in Europe and Mexico were driven by germplasm mix. Volumes were higher as the result of share growth in South Africa, Europe, Argentina and Mexico as well as larger planted areas in Mexico and Brazil. The larger planted areas in Mexico was the result of area recovery from the drought. The larger planted areas in Brazil was due to a larger second-season corn crop this year due to the late season beneficial weather conditions that have been experienced.

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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

The net sales decrease of $63 million in soybean seed and traits was primarily driven by the reduction in revenue in Brazil due to decreased collections of Roundup Ready royalties partially offset by increases in pricing in the United States from improved germplasm and trait mix.
The net sales decrease of $120 million in cotton seed and traits is the result of lower planted acres in the United States primarily due to decreased cotton commodity prices as well as lower volumes in India.
Cost of goods sold in the Seeds and Genomics segment primarily represents field growing, plant processing and distribution costs. Cost of goods sold increased $458 million, or 15 percent, to $3,616 million in the first nine months of 2013 compared to $3,158 million in the first nine months of 2012. The increase was primarily the result of higher plant processing and field costs, driven by lower production yields and higher winter production resulting from drought conditions in the summer of 2012, commodity prices and inflation. Also contributing to this increase was higher sales volume as noted in the net sales discussion above.
Gross profit as a percent of sales for this segment decreased 2 percentage points to 61 percent and increased $111 million in the first nine months of 2013.
Gross profit for soybean seed and traits decreased 16 percent compared to the 4 percent decrease in net sales for soybean seed and traits. This additional decrease in gross profit over the net sales decrease is the result of a reduction in revenue in Brazil due to decreased collections of Roundup Ready royalties and increased manufacturing costs in the United States due to higher production and additional treatment costs, and higher commodity prices.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY SEGMENT
  
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
 
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
Change
Net Sales
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural productivity
$
1,194

 
$
1,091

 
9
%
 
$
3,504

 
$
2,820

 
24
%
Total Net Sales
$
1,194

 
$
1,091

 
9
%
 
$
3,504

 
$
2,820

 
24
%
Gross Profit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural productivity
$
447

 
$
342

 
31
%
 
$
1,190

 
$
736

 
62
%
Total Gross Profit
$
447

 
$
342

 
31
%
 
$
1,190

 
$
736

 
62
%
EBIT(1)
$
284

 
$
190

 
49
%
 
$
810

 
$
354

 
129
%
(1)
EBIT is defined as earnings before interest and taxes. Interest and taxes are recorded on a total company basis. We do not record these items at the segment level. See Note 22 — Segment Information — and the “Overview — Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of MD&A for further details.
Agricultural Productivity Financial Performance — Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2013
Net sales in our Agricultural Productivity segment increased $103 million in the three-month period primarily from increased average net selling prices of Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides in all markets.
Cost of goods sold in the Agricultural Productivity segment primarily represents material, conversion and distribution costs. Cost of goods sold decreased to $747 million compared to $749 million in the third quarter 2012.
The net sales and cost of goods sold discussed throughout this section resulted in $105 million higher gross profit in the third quarter 2013. Gross profit as a percent of sales for the Agricultural Productivity segment increased 6 percentage points to 37 percent in the third quarter 2013 primarily due to the increased average net selling price discussed above.
Agricultural Productivity Financial Performance — First Nine Months Fiscal Year 2013
Net sales in our Agricultural Productivity segment increased $684 million in the nine-month period from increased average net selling prices of Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides in all markets. In addition, sales volumes of Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides increased 17 percent in the first nine months of 2013 from the first nine months of 2012 primarily from increased demand for our products in the United States and Brazil due to increased market size.
Cost of goods sold in the Agricultural Productivity segment primarily represents material, conversion and distribution costs. Cost of goods sold increased $230 million, or 11 percent, in the first nine months of 2013 to $2,314 million compared to $2,084 million in the first nine months of 2012. The increase was primarily the result of increased volume for Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides.

40

Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

The net sales and cost of goods sold discussed throughout this section resulted in $454 million higher gross profit in the first nine months of 2013. Gross profit as a percent of sales for the Agricultural Productivity segment increased 8 percentage points to 34 percent in the first nine months of 2013 primarily due to the increased average net selling price discussed above.
RESTRUCTURING
In the first nine-months of fiscal year 2013, we did not record any charges relating to our 2009 Restructuring Plan (the Plan). The Plan was substantially completed in the first quarter of fiscal year 2011, and the remaining payments were made in fiscal year 2012. The cumulative pretax charges under the Plan were $723 million through May 31, 2013.
The Plan was designed to reduce costs in light of the changing market supply environment for glyphosate and to better align resources in our global seeds and traits business. The actions related to the overall restructuring plan were expected to produce annual cost savings of $300 million to $340 million, primarily in cost of goods sold and SG&A. The full benefit of the Plan was realized in 2011. See Note 6 — Restructuring — for further information. 
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY, AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Working Capital and Financial Condition
  
 
  
 
  
 
As of
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions, except current ratio)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
2012
Cash and Cash Equivalents(1)
$
2,921

 
$
1,716

 
$
3,283

Trade Receivables, Net(1)
3,610

 
3,727

 
1,897

Inventory, Net
2,884

 
2,514

 
2,839

Other Current Assets(1)(2)
1,726

 
1,826

 
1,639

Total Current Assets
$
11,141

 
$
9,783

 
$
9,658

Short-Term Debt, including current portion of long-term debt
$
169

 
$
634

 
$
36

Accounts Payable
745

 
584

 
794

Accrued Liabilities(3)
2,900

 
3,064

 
3,391

Total Current Liabilities
$
3,814

 
$
4,282

 
$
4,221

Working Capital(4)
$
7,327

 
$
5,501

 
$
5,437

Current Ratio(4)
2.92:1

 
2.28:1

 
2.29:1

(1)
May include restrictions as a result of our variable interest entity. See the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position and Note 5Variable Interest Entities — for more information.
(2)
Includes short-term investments, miscellaneous receivables, deferred tax assets and other current assets.
(3)
Includes income taxes payable, accrued compensation and benefits, accrued marketing programs, deferred revenues, grower production accruals, dividends payable, customer payable, restructuring reserves and miscellaneous short-term accruals.
(4)
Working capital is total current assets less total current liabilities; current ratio represents total current assets divided by total current liabilities.
May 31, 2013, compared with Aug. 31, 2012: Working capital increased $1,890 million, or 35 percent, between Aug. 31, 2012, and May 31, 2013, primarily because of the following factors:
Trade receivables increased $1,713 million due to normal ongoing sales activity because of the seasonality of our business, specifically in our Seeds and Genomics segment, primarily a function of the purchasing and growing patterns in North America.
Accrued marketing programs decreased $518 million primarily as a result of the timing of payments related to our U.S. programs due to seasonality of the programs.
These increases to working capital between May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, were partially offset by the following factor:
Income taxes payable increased $322 million primarily due to the seasonality of U.S. results coupled with the timing of U.S. income tax payments.
May 31, 2013, compared with May 31, 2012: Working capital increased $1,826 million, or 33 percent, between May 31, 2012, and May 31, 2013, primarily because of the following factors:

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Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Cash and cash equivalents increased $1,205 million between respective periods primarily due to increased earnings, offset by dividend payments and treasury stock repurchase activity.
Short-term debt decreased $465 million between respective periods primarily due to repayment of outstanding bonds in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012.
Inventory increased $370 million between the respective periods primarily because of increased inventories from our seeds and genomics segment specifically in corn due to higher production costs to meet customer demand and higher commodity prices. Production costs increased primarily because of an increase in winter production, which typically carries higher costs, and lower production yields as a result of the prior year drought. Vegetable seeds also contributed to this increase primarily due to higher production yields.
These increases to working capital between May 31, 2013, and May 31, 2012, were partially offset by the following factor:
Accounts payable increased $161 million primarily due to the reclassification of cash overdrafts, investments in capital projects and the timing of payments.
Customer Financing Programs: We participate in various customer financing programs in an effort to reduce our receivable risk and to reduce our reliance on commercial paper borrowings. As of May 31, 2013, the programs had $149 million in outstanding balances and we received $146 million of proceeds during the nine month period under these programs. Our future maximum payout under the programs, including our responsibility for our guarantees with lenders, was $69 million as of May 31, 2013. See Note 4 — Customer Financing Programs — for further discussion of these programs.
Cash Flow
  
Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
$
786

 
$
853

Net Cash Required by Investing Activities
(387
)
 
(542
)
Free Cash Flow(1)
399

 
311

Net Cash Required by Financing Activities
(739
)
 
(1,021
)
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents
(22
)
 
(146
)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents
(362
)
 
(856
)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
3,283

 
2,572

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
$
2,921

 
$
1,716

(1)
Free cash flow represents the total of net cash provided or required by operating activities and provided or required by investing activities (see the “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section in MD&A for a further discussion).
Operating: The decrease in cash provided by continuing operations in the first nine months of 2013 compared to the first nine months of 2012 was primarily due to the following:
Increase in incentive payments based on increased company results in fiscal year 2012;
Increase in payments, which were accrued in fiscal year 2012, related to marketing programs due to increased fiscal year 2012 sales;
Increase in tax payments due to increased earnings and timing of tax payments; and
Decrease in deferred revenue due to the earlier ordering season and increased prepaids for which delivery is now occurring.
The above factors were offset by the following:
Increased earnings from fiscal year 2012 to fiscal year 2013.
Investing: The reduction in cash required by investing activities in the first nine months of 2013 compared to the first nine months of 2012 was primarily due to the liquidation of short term investments to meet current operating needs.
Financing: The decrease in cash required by financing activities in the first nine months of 2013 compared to the first nine months of 2012 was primarily due to higher short-term borrowings to support ex-U.S. operations, increased proceeds from increased stock option activity and the repayment of the Chesterfield Village Research Center debt in 2012, partially offset by an increase in treasury stock repurchase activity and dividend payments in order to provide increased returns to our shareholders.


42

Table of Contents
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
THIRD QUARTER 2013 FORM 10-Q

Capital Resources and Liquidity
  
As of
 
As of Aug. 31,
(Dollars in millions, except debt-to-capital ratio)
May 31, 2013
 
May 31, 2012
 
2012
Short-Term Debt
$
169

 
$
634

 
$
36

Long-Term Debt
2,054

 
1,538

 
2,038

Total Monsanto Company Shareowners’ Equity
13,869

 
12,077

 
11,833

Debt-to-Capital Ratio(1)
14
%
 
15
%
 
15
%
(1)
Debt-to-Capital ratio represents short-term and long-term debt divided by total Monsanto Company shareowners' equity, short-term and long-term debt.
A major source of our liquidity is operating cash flows, which can be derived from net income. This cash-generating capability provides us with the financial flexibility we need to meet operating, investing and financing needs. We believe our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to sustain operations and to finance anticipated investments. To the extent that cash provided by operating activities is not sufficient to fund our cash needs, we believe short-term commercial paper borrowings can be used to finance these requirements. We had no commercial paper borrowings outstanding at May 31, 2013.
We have a $2 billion credit facility agreement with a group of banks that provides a senior unsecured revolving credit facility through April 1, 2016. As of May 31, 2013, we did not have any borrowings under this credit facility and we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
Our debt-to-capital ratio decreased 1 percentage point compared with the May 31, 2012 ratio, primarily because of the increase in shareowners’ equity as a result of increased earnings.
We held cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $3,064 million and $3,585 million at May 31, 2013, and Aug. 31, 2012, respectively, of which $1,819 million and $1,744 million was held by foreign entities, respectively. Our intent is to permanently reinvest earnings of our foreign operations and our current operating plans do not demonstrate a need to repatriate foreign earnings to fund our U.S. operations. However, if these funds were needed for our operations in the United States, we would be required to accrue and pay any applicable U.S. and local taxes to repatriate these funds.
Dividend: In June 2013, we declared a quarterly dividend of 37.5 cents payable on July 26, 2013, to shareowners of record as of July 5, 2013. In January 2013, we declared a quarterly dividend of 37.5 cents payable on April 26, 2013, to shareowners of record as of April 5, 2013. In December 2012, we declared a quarterly dividend of 37.5 cents payable on Jan. 25, 2013, to shareowners of record as of Jan. 4, 2013.
Capital Expenditures: We expect fiscal year 2013 capital expenditures to be in the range of $800 million to $1 billion compared with $646 million in fiscal year 2012. The primary driver of this increase compared with 2012 is higher overall spending on projects related to our additional corn seed plant expansions in North America, Latin America and Europe.
2013 Acquisitions: In March 2013, Monsanto acquired substantially all of the assets of Rosetta Green Ltd., a business based in Israel which specializes in the identification and use of unique genes to guide key processes in major crops including corn, soybeans and cotton. The acquisition of the company is expected to complement Monsanto's existing research platforms. The total fair value and cash paid for the acquisition was $35 million. The fair value of the acquisition was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results.
In January 2013, Monsanto acquired select assets of Agradis, Inc., a business focused on developing sustainable agricultural solutions. The acquisition is intended to support Monsanto's efforts to provide farmers with sustainable biological products to improve crop health and productivity. The total cash paid and the fair value of the acquisition was $85 million, and the purchase price was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results.
In June 2013, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc., a business based in Durham, North Carolina that is focused on gene expression and other agriculture technologies. The acquisition of the company is expected to complement Monsanto's existing research platforms. The total fair value and cash paid for the acquisition was $20 million (net of cash acquired). Goodwill and intangible assets are expected to be recorded on the Statements of Consolidated Financial Position from the acquisition of GrassRoots Biotechnology, Inc. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are expected to be included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results upon acquisition.


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2012 Acquisitions: In June 2012, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of Precision Planting, Inc., a planting technology developer based in Tremont, Illinois. Precision Planting develops technology to improve yields through on-farm planting performance. The acquisition of the company is part of Monsanto's Integrated Farming Systems unit, which utilizes advanced agronomic practices, seed genetics and innovative on-farm technology to deliver optimal yield to farmers while using fewer resources. The total fair value of the acquisition was $255 million, including contingent consideration of $39 million, and the total cash paid for the acquisition was $209 million (net of cash acquired). The fair value was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results. The contingent consideration is to be paid in cash if certain operational and financial milestones are met on or before Aug. 31, 2020, up to a maximum target of $40 million. The estimated acquisition date fair value of the long-term other liability for the contingent consideration reflects a discount at a credit adjusted risk-free interest rate for the expected timing of each payment. See Note 14 - Fair Value Measurements - for further information.
In September 2011, Monsanto acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of Beeologics, a technology start-up business based in Israel, which researches and develops biological tools to provide targeted control of pests and diseases. The acquisition of the company allows Monsanto to further explore the use of biologicals broadly in agriculture to provide farmers with innovative approaches to the challenges they face. Monsanto intends to use the base technology from Beeologics as a part of its continuing discovery and development pipeline. The total cash paid and the fair value of the acquisition was $113 million (net of cash acquired), and it was primarily allocated to goodwill and intangibles. The business operations and employees of the acquired entity are included in the Seeds and Genomics reportable segment results.
2013 Contractual Obligations: There have been no significant changes to the contractual obligations table as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement
Under our Separation Agreement with Pharmacia, we are required to indemnify Pharmacia for certain matters, such as environmental remediation obligations and litigation. To the extent we are currently managing any such matters, we evaluate them in the course of managing our own potential liabilities and establish reserves as appropriate. However, additional matters may arise in the future, and we may manage, settle or pay judgments or damages with respect to those matters in order to mitigate contingent liability and protect Pharmacia and Monsanto. See Note 21 — Commitments and Contingencies and Part II — Item 1 — Legal Proceedings — for further information.
We have entered into various customer financing programs which are accounted for in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the ASC. See Note 4 — Customer Financing Programs — for further information.
OUTLOOK
We believe we have achieved an industry-leading position in the areas in which we compete in both of our business segments. However, the outlook for each part of our business is quite different. In the Seeds and Genomics segment, our seeds and traits business is expected to expand via our investment in new products. In the Agricultural Productivity segment, we expect to deliver competitive products in a more steady-state business.
We believe that our company is positioned to deliver value-added products to growers enabling us to grow our gross profit in the future. We expect to see strong cash flow in the future, and we remain committed to returning value to shareowners through vehicles such as investments that expand the business, dividends and share repurchases. We will remain focused on cost and cash management, both to support the progress we have made in managing our investment in working capital and to realize the full earnings potential of our businesses. We plan to continue to seek additional external financing opportunities for our customers as a way to manage receivables for each of our segments.
Outside of the United States, our businesses will continue to face additional challenges related to the risks inherent in operating in emerging markets, along with an increased level of risk in Europe. We will continue to consider, assess and address these developments and the challenges and issues they place on our business. We believe we have taken appropriate measures to manage our credit exposure, which has the potential to affect sales negatively in the near term. In addition, volatility in foreign currency exchange rates may negatively affect our profitability, the book value of our assets outside the United States, and our shareowners’ equity.
Seeds and Genomics
Our capabilities in plant breeding and biotechnology research and development are generating a rich and balanced product pipeline that we expect will drive long-term growth. We plan to continue to invest in the areas of seeds, genomics and biotechnology and to invest in technology arrangements that have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of

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our R&D efforts. We believe that our seeds and traits businesses will have significant near-term growth opportunities through a combination of improved breeding and continued growth of stacked and second- and third-generation biotech traits.
We expect advanced breeding techniques combined with improved production practices and capital investments will continue to contribute to improved germplasm quality and yields for our seed offerings, leading to increased global demand for both our branded germplasm and our licensed germplasm. We plan to improve our vegetable seeds business, which has a portfolio focused on 21 crops. While near term financial results for the vegetable business are expected to be affected by lower sales in certain regions, the business integration into a global platform, along with a number of process improvements will continue to improve our ability to develop, and deliver new, innovative products to our customer base. We plan to continue to pursue strategic acquisitions in our seed businesses to grow our branded seed share, expand our germplasm library, and strengthen our global breeding programs. We expect to see continued competition in seeds and genomics. We believe we will have a competitive advantage because of our global breeding capabilities and our multiple-channel sales approach in the United States for corn and soybean seeds.
Commercialization of second- and third-generation traits and the stacking of multiple traits in corn and cotton are expected to increase penetration in approved markets, particularly as we continue to price our traits in line with the value growers have experienced. In 2012, we saw higher-value, stacked-trait products representing a larger share of our total U.S. corn seed sales than we did in 2011. We experienced an increase in competition in biotechnology as more competitors launched traits in the United States and internationally. Acquisitions may also present mid-to-longer term opportunities to increase penetration of our traits. We believe our competitive position continues to enable us to deliver second- and third-generation traits when our competitors are delivering their first-generation traits.
Full regulatory approval was received for a five percent refuge-in-a-bag (RIB) seed blend from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for Genuity Smartstax RIB Complete corn and Genuity VT Double PRO RIB Complete corn providing a single bag solution enabling farmers to plant corn without a separate refuge. The U.S. EPA in August 2012 granted registration for 10 percent refuge within Genuity VT Triple PRO RIB Complete corn. With this approval all of the products in Monsanto’s reduced-refuge corn family now are RIB enabled for the U.S. Corn Belt. Genuity VT Triple PRO RIB Complete corn is expected to be broadly available to U.S. farmers in 2013.
On June 17, 2013, Monsanto received the safety certificates from China for the approval of Intacta RR2 PRO soybeans, and the DroughtGard corn trait. This follows multiple other importation approvals and enables farmers to chose to plant Intacta traited soybeans in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay and for U.S. growers to plant hybrids with the DroughtGard trait.
In Brazil, we expect to continue to operate our business model of collecting on the sale of certified seeds, a point-of-delivery payment system (Roundup Ready soybeans and Intacta RR2 PRO soybeans) and our indemnification collection system (Bollgard cotton), to capture value on all of our Roundup Ready soybeans and Bollgard cotton crops grown there. Following an adverse ruling from a panel of five judges in the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice denying our term correction for the first generation Roundup Ready patent term to 2014, we continue to defer collection of royalties for first generation Roundup Ready soybeans in Brazil until a final decision is reached by the courts. Growers can agree to gain royalty-free use of first generation Roundup Ready for the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 seasons in exchange for a waiver of any claim for refunds for past payments. We will file an appeal of the patent term correction ruling and that appeal will continue in the courts until the matter is finally ruled by the Supreme Court of Brazil, which has indicated that it will hear the case following a final decision from the Superior Court of Justice.    
Longer term, income is expected to grow in Brazil as farmers choose to plant more of our approved traits in soybeans, corn and cotton. The agricultural economy in Brazil could be impacted by global commodity prices, particularly for corn and soybeans. We continue to maintain our strict credit policy, expand our grain based collection system and focus on cash collection and sales, as part of a continuous effort to manage our risk in Brazil against such volatility.
During 2007, we announced a long-term joint R&D and commercialization collaboration in plant biotechnology with BASF that focuses on high-yielding crops and crops that are tolerant to adverse conditions such as drought. We have received all North American and key import country regulatory approvals for the first biotech drought-tolerant corn product. These approvals have enabled the U.S. launch in 2013. Over the life of the collaboration, we and BASF will dedicate a joint budget of potentially $2.5 billion to fund a dedicated pipeline of yield and stress tolerance traits for corn, soybeans, cotton, canola and wheat.
Our international traits businesses, in particular, will probably continue to face unpredictable regulatory environments that may be highly politicized. We operate in volatile, and often difficult, economic and political environments. Although we see growth potential in our India cotton business with the ongoing conversion to higher planting rates with hybrids and Bollgard II cotton, this business is currently operating under existing state governmental pricing directives and there is a potential for new state governmental pricing directives that we believe limit near-term earnings potential in India.

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Efforts to secure an orderly system in Argentina to support the introduction of new technology products are underway. To achieve this, we are pursuing grower and grain handler agreements to ensure we will be compensated for providing the technology. The majority of grain handlers have enrolled in the POD system, and with the recent China approval, we plan to sell Intacta RR2 PRO in Argentina in this dual path business model. Intacta RR2 PRO technology has been fully approved by Argentina and export markets. We intend to broaden our grower experience with Ground Breakers in the main production areas and modest commercial sales in the north. We also intend to finalize the last steps of the business model approach to enable farmer payment on new and legally saved seed as already exists in Brazil and Paraguay. We do not plan to collect on first generation Roundup Ready soybeans.
Following the decision of the French government to suspend the planting of YieldGard Corn Borer in February 2008, French farmers, French grower associations and various companies, including Monsanto, filed a claim to the Supreme Administrative Court (Conseil d’Etat) to overturn the French government’s suspension of planting of YieldGard Corn Borer. As a result of the ban, the sales and planting of MON810 products in France were suspended. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) issued an opinion that the French suspension is not supported on a scientific basis. The case was referred to the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and on Sept. 8, 2011, the ECJ ruled that the French ban was illegal and that a ban can be invoked only in circumstances that are likely to constitute a clear and serious risk to human health, animal health or the environment. On Nov. 28, 2011, the Conseil d’Etat ordered the French government to cancel the ban imposed on genetically-modified corn crops in 2008. The court ruled that the agriculture ministry had not established high risk to the environment or health and thus lacked scientific basis for the ban. On Mar. 16, 2012, the French Government announced a new temporary suspension of the cultivation of MON810 corn in France. On May 21, 2012, EFSA published their opinion on the MON810 French ban concluding that there is no specific scientific evidence, in terms of risk to human and animal health or the environment, that would support the ban and that would invalidate its previous risk assessments of maize MON810. On April 17, 2009, Germany undertook a procedural action under European law and banned the planting of YieldGard Corn Borer. We sought interim relief to overturn the ban which the German administrative courts denied. As a result, the sales and planting of MON810 products in Germany were suspended. The court proceedings are postponed pending the outcome of administrative proceedings. Other European Union Member States (e.g., Austria, Luxembourg and Greece) have also invoked procedural measures but we have focused our legal challenges to those countries with significant corn plantings.
In May 2013, the USDA announced an investigation into alleged glyphosate resistant volunteer wheat reported on an Oregon farm, and we are cooperating in the investigation. The USDA noted that glyphosate tolerant wheat does not present a public health or food safety concern as the FDA completed its assessment of the product in 2004. The consultative process at the FDA was completed and the agency concluded that this product is as safe as non-GM wheat currently on the market. Initial development of glyphosate tolerant wheat was discontinued in 2005 under stringent stewardship procedures which were in compliance with USDA regulations. The USDA has recently reported that there is no indication that the genetically modified wheat product is found in U.S. wheat supplied to domestic or export markets. The USDA's investigation remains ongoing and the agency indicated that civil and criminal penalties could be imposed if circumstances warranted. Monsanto and the USDA have not determined the basis for the alleged detection of glyphosate resistant wheat and are considering all possible scenarios. Multiple lawsuits, including putative class action lawsuits, have been filed against the company asserting numerous legal claims including negligence and strict liability, seeking punitive damages and alleging economic loss and damages to wheat farmers allegedly due to wheat trade price reduction and export contract impacts. Monsanto properly discontinued the development of the glyphosate tolerant wheat event in 2005, has meritorious legal arguments against liability and will vigorously represent its interests in the ongoing investigation and legal proceedings.
Agricultural Productivity
Our Agricultural Productivity businesses operate in markets that are competitive. Gross profit and cash flow levels will fluctuate in the future based on global business dynamics including market supply, demand and manufacturing capacity. We expect to maintain our brand prices at a slight premium over generic products and we believe our Roundup herbicide business will continue to be a sustainable source of cash and gross profit. We have oriented the focus of Monsanto’s crop protection business to strategically support Monsanto’s Roundup Ready crops through our weed management platform that delivers weed control offerings for farmers. In addition, we expect our lawn-and-garden business will continue to be a solid contributor to our Agricultural Productivity segment.
The staff of the SEC is conducting an investigation of financial reporting associated with our customer incentive programs for glyphosate products for the fiscal years 2009 and 2010, and we have received subpoenas in connection therewith. We are cooperating with the investigation.
Other Information
As discussed in Note 21 — Commitments and Contingencies and Part II — Item 1 — Legal Proceedings, Monsanto is involved in a number of lawsuits and claims relating to a variety of issues. Many of these lawsuits relate to intellectual property disputes.

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We expect that such disputes will continue to occur as the agricultural biotechnology industry evolves. Third parties, including non-governmental organizations, have challenged the validity or enforceability of patents issued to the company regarding our biotechnology products. For additional information related to the outlook for Monsanto, see “Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Report on Form 10-Q, Part II — Item 1A — Risk Factors below and Part I — Item 1A of our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
In preparing our financial statements, we must select and apply various accounting policies. The following discussion provides updated information regarding our revenue recognition policy disclosed in our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012. We may enter into multiple element arrangements, including those where a customer purchases technology and licenses. When elements of a multiple element arrangement do not have stand alone value, we account for such elements as a combined unit of accounting. We allocate revenue to each unit of accounting in a multiple element arrangement based upon the relative selling price of each deliverable. When applying the relative selling price method, we determine the selling price for each deliverable by using vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of selling price, if it exists, or third-party evidence (“TPE”) of selling price. If neither VSOE nor TPE of selling price exist for a unit of accounting, we use our best estimate of selling price for that unit of accounting. When we use our best estimate to determine selling price, significant judgment is required. The significant assumptions used to estimate selling price for significant units of accounting may consist of cost, gross margin objectives or forecasted customer selling volumes. Changes in assumptions used to estimate selling price could result in a different allocation of arrangement consideration across the units of accounting within an arrangement. Revenue allocated to each unit of accounting is recognized when all revenue recognition criteria for that unit of accounting has been met. License revenue, including those within multiple element arrangements, is generally recognized over the contract period as third-party seed companies sell seed containing Monsanto traits, which can be from one year up to the related patent term.
Other information with respect to our most significant policies are described in Part II — Item 8 — Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies — to the consolidated financial statements contained in our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012. In order to apply our accounting policies, we often need to make estimates based on judgments about future events. In making such estimates, we rely on historical experience, market and other conditions, and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable. However, the estimation process is by its nature uncertain given that estimates depend on events over which we may not have control. If market and other conditions change from those that we anticipate, our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity may be affected materially. In addition, if our assumptions change, we may need to revise our estimates or take other corrective actions, either of which may have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
The estimates that have a higher degree of inherent uncertainty and require our most significant judgments are outlined in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012. Had we used estimates different from any of those contained in such Report on Form 10-K, our financial condition, profitability or liquidity for the current period could have been materially different from those presented in this Form 10-Q.
ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There are no material changes related to market risk from the disclosures in Monsanto’s Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012.
ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of May 31, 2013. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

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Based upon the evaluation, management has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of May 31, 2013.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are involved in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, as well as proceedings that we have considered to be material under SEC regulations. These include proceedings to which we are party in our own name and proceedings to which our former parent Pharmacia LLC or its former subsidiary Solutia, Inc. is a party but that we manage and for which we are responsible. Information regarding certain material proceedings and the possible effects on our business of proceedings we are defending is disclosed in Note 21Commitments and Contingencies — under the subheading “Environmental and Litigation Liabilities — Litigation” and is incorporated by reference herein. Other information with respect to legal proceedings appears in our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012, and our Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended Feb. 28, 2013.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
Please see “Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” at the beginning of this Report on Form 10-Q and Part I — Item 1A of our Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended Aug. 31, 2012, for information regarding risk factors. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table is a summary of any purchases of equity securities during the third quarter of fiscal year 2013 by Monsanto and any affiliated purchasers, pursuant to SEC rules. 
Period
(a) Total Number of
Shares Purchased
 
(b) Average
Price Paid
per Share(1)
 
(c) Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced Plans
or Programs
 
(d) Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
March 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mar. 1, 2013, through Mar. 31, 2013
905,000

 
$
102.86

 
905,000

 
$
644,617,573

April 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Apr. 1, 2013, through Apr. 30, 2013
630,000

 
$
104.69

 
630,000

 
$
578,665,078

May 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
May 1, 2013, through May 31, 2013
855,000

 
$
106.96

 
855,000

 
$
487,216,771

Total
2,390,000

 
$
104.81

 
2,390,000

 
$
487,216,771

(1)
The average price paid per share is calculated on a trade date basis and excludes commission.
In June 2012, the board of directors authorized a three-year repurchase program of up to an additional $1 billion of the company’s common stock. This repurchase program commenced Jan. 14, 2013.
In June 2013, the board of directors authorized a new share repurchase program, effective July 1, 2013, for up to $2 billion of the company's common stock over a three-year period. The new program will commence at the completion of Monsanto's existing $1 billion share repurchase program, which is discussed above.
There were no other publicly announced plans outstanding as of May 31, 2013.
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
Exhibits: The list of exhibits in the Exhibit Index to this Report is incorporated herein by reference.


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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
MONSANTO COMPANY
 
(Registrant)
 
 
By:
/s/ NICOLE M. RINGENBERG
 
Nicole M. Ringenberg
 
Vice President and Controller
 
(On behalf of the Registrant and as Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: June 27, 2013

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EXHIBIT INDEX
These Exhibits are numbered in accordance with the Exhibit Table of Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
Exhibit
No.
  
Description
2
  
Omitted
3.1
  
Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
3.2
 
Monsanto Company Bylaws, as amended and restated effective April 16, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2(i) of Form 8-K, filed April 22, 2013, File No. 1-16167).
4
  
Omitted
11
  
Omitted — see Note 19 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Earnings Per Share.
12
  
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
15
  
Omitted
18
  
Omitted
19
  
Omitted
22
  
Omitted
23
  
Omitted
24
  
Omitted
31.1
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, executed by the Chief Executive Officer).
31.2
  
Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, executed by the Chief Financial Officer).
32
  
Rule 13a-14(b) Certifications (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, executed by the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer).
101.INS
  
XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

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