As Filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 26, 2005


                                  UNITED STATES
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                        ---------------------------------

                                    FORM 8-K

                                 CURRENT REPORT
                     PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
                         SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): Jan. 26, 2005 (Jan. 20, 2005)
                                                  -----------------------------

                                MONSANTO COMPANY
             (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

  Delaware                      001-16167                     43-1878297
(State of Incorporation)  (Commission File Number)        (IRS Employer
                                                            Identification No.)

                          800 North Lindbergh Boulevard
                            St. Louis, Missouri 63167
               (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

       Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (314) 694-1000

                                 Not Applicable
          (Former Name or Former Address, If Changed Since Last Report)
                        ---------------------------------

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to
simultaneously satisfy the filing obligations under any of the following
provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

[ ] Written communications  pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17
    CFR 230.425)

[ ] Soliciting  material  pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17
    CFR 240.14a-12)

[ ] Pre-commencement  communications  pursuant  to Rule  14d-2(b)  under the
    Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d.-2(b))

[ ] Pre-commencement  communications  pursuant  to Rule  13a-4(c)  under the
    Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))



ITEM 1.01.        ENTRY INTO A MATERIAL DEFINITIVE AGREEMENT.

     On January 20, 2005, Monsanto Company's shareowners, upon recommendation of
the Board of Directors,  approved the Monsanto Company 2005 Long-Term  Incentive
Plan (the "2005 Plan"). The 2005 Plan, which is similar in purpose and design to
the Monsanto Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "2000 Plan"), authorizes the grant of
several  types  of  stock-based  awards,   including  incentive  stock  options,
non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards,
restricted stock units,  unrestricted stock awards, and cash awards and dividend
and  interest  equivalent  awards.  The 2005  Plan  objectives  include  closely
aligning  management's  interests with the long-term  interests of  shareowners;
encouraging  employees to behave like owners of the  business by rewarding  them
when  shareowner  value is created;  and  attracting,  motivating  and retaining
experienced and highly qualified  employees who will contribute to the Company's
success.  The 2005 Plan  authorizes 12 million  shares which,  together with the
shares  remaining  under the 2000 Plan,  is  expected  to enable the  Company to
provide sufficient grants of awards for the next three to four years.

     A copy of the 2005 Plan can be found in Exhibit 10.1 filed  herewith and is
incorporated herein by reference. A summary of the material features of the 2005
Plan is set forth in the Company's  Proxy  Statement for the 2005 annual meeting
of shareowners (the "Proxy Statement'),  which was filed with the Securities and
Exchange  Commission on December 9, 2004. The summary of the 2005 Plan contained
herein and in the Proxy  Statement are qualified in their  entirety by reference
to the full text of the 2005 Plan.

ITEM 9.01         FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS

(c) Exhibits. The following document is filed as an exhibit to this report:

    Exhibit 10.1      Monsanto Company 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan


                                       2


                                    SIGNATURE

     Pursuant to the  requirements  of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant  has duly  caused  this  report  to be  signed  on its  behalf by the
undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Dated:  January 26, 2005

                                 MONSANTO COMPANY



                                 By:  /s/ Christopher A. Martin
                                    -------------------------------------------
                                    Name:  Christopher A. Martin
                                    Title:   Assistant Secretary

                                       3



                                  EXHIBIT INDEX


Exhibit Number           Description of Exhibit
--------------           ----------------------

   10.1                  Monsanto Company 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan



                                       4